新教材2024高中英語Unit3DiverseCulturesSectionIIReadingandThinking同步測試新人教版必修第三冊

PAGESectionⅡReadingandThinking(1)閱讀理解AMostpeoplewhomovetoaforeigncountrymayexperienceaperiodoftimewhentheyhavealotofstressinthenewculture.Thisfeelingisoftencalled“cultureshock”anditisimportanttolearnhowtodealwithcultureshock.Firstofall,youshouldknowthateveryoneinanewsituationwillgothroughsomeformofcultureshock.Therearefourgeneralstagesofculturaladjustment.Thefirststageisusuallyreferredtoasthehoneymoonstage.Uponarrivinginanewenvironment,you’llbeinterestedinthenewculture.Everythingwillseemexciting,andeveryonewillseemfriendlyandhelpful.Thesecondstageiscalledthewithdrawalstage.Theexcitementthatyoufeltbeforechangestodisappointmentasyoufinditdifficulttodealwithnewproblems.Thelanguageishardtolearn;friendsarehardtomake;simplethingslikeshoppingandgoingtothebankarechallenges.Itisatthisstagethatyouarelikelytofeelanxiousandhomesick.Ifyouareoneofthosewhomanagetostickitout,youwillenterthethirdstage—therecoverystage.Atthispoint,you’llfeelmoreconfidentinthenewculture.You’llstarttounderstandandacceptthewaythingsaredoneandthewaypeoplebehaveinyournewenvironment.Thelaststageisthestability(穩(wěn)定)stage—thisisthepointwhenpeoplestarttofeelathomeinthenewculture.Atthisstage,youwillbehavewellinthenewculture,andprefersomeaspectsofthenewculturetoyourownculture.Thereis,inasense,afifthstagetothisprocess.Ifyoudecidetoreturnhomeafteralongperiodinanewculture,youmayexperiencewhatiscalled“reversecultureshock”(反向文化沖擊).Thismeansthatyoumayfindaspectsofyourownculture“foreign”,becauseyou’resousedtothenewculture.Reversecultureshockisusuallyprettymildanddoesn’tlastforverylong.1.Whatwillpeopletendtodoatthehoneymoonstage?A.Theyfindthenewcultureishardtoaccept.B.Theymisstheirfamilyandfriendsverymuch.C.Theybegintounderstandwhatcultureshockis.D.Theyhaveagoodimpressionofthenewculture.解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“beinterestedin”,“exciting”,“friendlyandhelpful”等推斷,在蜜月階段人們對新的文化會有一個好的印象。故選D。答案:D2.Inwhichstagewillpeoplefeelmostuncomfortable?A.Thehoneymoonstage.B.Thewithdrawalstage.C.Therecoverystage.D.Thestabilitystage.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句“Itisatthisstagethatyouarelikelytofeelanxiousandhomesick.”可知,在“withdrawalstage”人會感到焦慮和想家,最不舒適。故選B。答案:B3.Howdopeopleusuallyfeelatthestabilitystage?A.Lucky.B.Nervous.C.Relaxed. D.Disappointed.解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中的“thisisthepointwhenpeoplestarttofeelathomeinthenewculture”可知,在這一階段的人會感到放松。故選C。答案:C4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthoragreewith?A.It’simportanttoknowthatcultureshockisnatural.B.Peoplewillsufferlessfromcultureshockinthefuture.C.Reversecultureshockusuallyhappensintheforeigncountries.D.Reversecultureshockisasdifficulttodealwithascultureshock.解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Mostpeople...havealotofstressinthenewculture.”和“everyoneinanewsituationwillgothroughsomeformofcultureshock”推斷,作者認(rèn)為在新的文化背景下,一般人都會遇到文化沖突,所以了解到文化沖突是自然的這件事情是重要的。故選A。答案:ABIfConfucius(孔子)werestillalivetodayandcouldcelebratehisSeptember28thbirthdaywithabigcake,therewouldbealotofcandles.He’dneedafanorastrongwindtohelphimputthemout.WhilemanypeopleinChinawillrememberConfuciusonhisspecialday,fewpeopleintheUnitedStateswillgivehimapassingthought.It’snothingpersonal.MostAmericansdon’tevenrememberthebirthdaysoftheirownnationalheroes.Butthisdoesn’tmeanthatAmericansdon’tcareaboutConfucius.InmanywayshehasbecomeabridgethatforeignersmustcrossiftheywanttoreachadeeperunderstandingofChina.Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogrammeshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.Morerecently,theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan80countries.TheseschoolsteachbothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludeChineseart,historyandphilosophy(哲學(xué)).SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternphilosophy.StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.SotheywillbereadyforlifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequalpowerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers.Sotheoldthinker’sideasarestillaliveandwell.TodayChinaattractstheWestmorethanever,anditwillneedmoreteacherstointroduceConfuciusandChineseculturetotheWest.Asfortheoldthinker,hewillnotsoonbeforgottenbypeopleintheWest,evenifhisbirthdayis.5.What’sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.ToprovidesomekeyfactsaboutConfucius.B.Toattractthereaders’interestinthesubject.C.Toshowgreatrespectfortheancientthinker.D.Toprovethepopularityofmodernbirthdaycelebrations.解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知,作者是以孔子生日這一話題,吸引讀者的愛好,引出本文要探討的真正話題。故選B。答案:B6.WhatcanwelearnaboutAmericanstudentsfromparagraph4?A.TheyhaveagreatinterestinstudyingChinese.B.TheytakeanactivepartinChinesecompetitions.C.TheytrytogethighscoresinChineseexams.D.TheyfightforchancestocometoChinatolearnChinese.解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesestudiesprogrammeshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.”和“StudentsintheUnitedStates,atthesametime,areracingtolearnChinese.”可知,美國學(xué)生對中國文化很感愛好。故選A。答案:A7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ForgottenWisdominAmericaB.ChineseCultureforWesternersC.OldThinkerwithaBigFutureD.HugeFansoftheChineseLanguage解析:主旨大意題。本文主要向我們介紹了孔子思想對西方的影響,以及將來可能產(chǎn)生的影響,由此可知C項適合做本文標(biāo)題。故選C。答案:C8.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Fromabiography(傳記).B.Fromahistorypaper.C.Fromanewspaper.D.Fromaphilosophytextbook.解析:推理推斷題。本文主要講解并描述了外國人對中國文化的愛好越來越濃,對孔子的思想也越來越感愛好這一社會現(xiàn)象,所以很有可能是新聞報道的內(nèi)容。故選C。答案:CCWhenyougotsick,didyourparentsanddoctorsmakeyoudrinka“terriblesoup”?9.,butitcanreallymakeyoufeelbetterinseveraldays.The“soup”isactuallyakindoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM).

Inrecentyears,TCMhasbecomemorepopulararoundtheworld.10..Chinahas10TCMcentresabroad,suchasinFranceandtheUnitedStates.DoctorsgiveTCMtreatmenttolocalpeoplethere.TheyalsoteachTCMtolocalpeople.Now,thereareover100,000TCMclinics,withabout300,000TCMworkersaroundtheworld.

TCMcamefromChinathousandsofyearsago.ItisbasedontheChinesephilosophy(哲學(xué))ofyinandyang.Humansshouldfollowthenaturalrulestokeephealthy.OldGreeceandEgyptcreatedWesternmedicine.11..Westerndoctorscheckpeople’sheight,weight,bloodpressureandbodytemperature.

12..“BringingtogetherWesternmedicineandTCMcanusecollectiveknowledge,ratherthancreatecompetitionbetweenthem.Itcandevelopthegreateffectsofbothofthem,”saidBernhardSchwartlander,aWorldHealthOrganizationrepresentativeinChina.

OnDec.6th,agovernmentdocumentreportedthat86countriesandregionsarenowdevelopingTCMtogetherwithChina.In2015,ChinesescientistTuYouyouwontheNobelPrize.13..Today,withmoreandmorepeoplepayingattentiontoTCM,itwilldefinitelyhaveabrightfuture.

A.Let’sseesomefactsandfiguresB.ItisdifficulttosaywhichoneisbetterC.ItmightbeabaddrinkingexperienceforyouD.TherearemanywomenofgreatachievementsinhistoryE.ThentheideatookshapeinEuropeinthe19thcenturyF.It’sbecauseshemadeanimportantdrugusingtraditionalChinesemedicineG.ManypeoplebelieveWesternmedicineismoreeffectivethantraditionalChinesemedicine9.解析:依據(jù)空格后“butitcanreallymakeyoufeelbetterinseveraldays.”可知,該空應(yīng)是表達(dá)“雖然這種湯很難喝”,但是幾天后會讓你康復(fù)。C項“對你來說喝這種湯很可能是一種很糟的經(jīng)驗”符合題意。故選C。答案:C10.解析:依據(jù)空后的信息可知,下文是用事實和數(shù)據(jù)來證明傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)在全世界受歡迎的程度。故A項“讓我們來看一些事實和數(shù)據(jù)”符合語境。故選A。答案:A11.解析:依據(jù)本段首句“TCMcamefromChinathousandsofyearsago.”可知,前半段是介紹中醫(yī)的發(fā)展歷史和藥效原理,下文介紹的是西醫(yī),但是缺少對西醫(yī)的歷史介紹,E項“西醫(yī)是19世紀(jì)在歐洲形成的”符合上下文邏輯。故選E。答案:E12.解析:依據(jù)空后“把中醫(yī)和西醫(yī)結(jié)合起來運用,而不是相互競爭”,可反推該空表達(dá)的是這兩種醫(yī)學(xué)的比較,B項“很難說哪種更好”符合邏輯。故選B。答案:B13.解析:依據(jù)“...ChinesescientistTuYouyouwontheNobelPrize.”可知,屠呦呦獲諾貝爾獎,所以下文應(yīng)當(dāng)講獲獎和中醫(yī)的關(guān)系。F項“那是因為她用傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)制成了一種特別重要的藥物”符合上下文邏輯。故選F。答案:FReadingandThinking(2)[基礎(chǔ)測評]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Thetabletennisteamofourschoolis(admit)newplayers.

2.Ishall(definite)beattheairporttomeetyou.

3.It(occur)tohimthathehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.

4.Therearemany(history)placesinXi’an.

5.Heearnedlivingbysellingnewspapers.

6.They(select)sixwinnersfromthefinaliststomorrow.

7.Sofarnobody(claim)themoneydiscoveredinthelibrary.

8.Thereareanumberof(journal)onthedesk.

9.Localschoolsare(seek)toreducethedropoutrate.

10.Afterthegame,thefans(head)fortheexit.

答案:1.admitting2.definitely3.occurredhistorical5.a6.willselect7.hasclaimed8.journals9.seeking10.headedⅡ.依據(jù)漢語句意完成英語句子1.我們必需找尋解決問題的方法。Wemustasolutiontotheproblem.

2.據(jù)說這個工廠有些工人每周工作80個小時。someworkersinthefactoryareworking80hoursaweek.

3.我突然想到,我還沒完成作業(yè)。suddenlyIhadn’tfinishedmyhomework.

4.他年輕的時候經(jīng)常打籃球。Hebasketballwhenhewasyoung.

5.他承認(rèn)犯了錯誤。Heamistake.

答案:1.seekfor2.Itisclaimedthat3.Itoccurredtomethat4.usedtoplay5.admittedhavingmadeⅢ.語法填空(2024·全國甲卷)TheXi’anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina’slonghistory.It1.(build)originallytoprotectthecity2.theTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù)).Itispossible3.(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometres.

WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metreshighandfromhereyoucanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.After4.(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat5.(good)thantorideonapieceofhistory!

We6.(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky7.didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall8.wayaroundtheXi’anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatdifferentgatesand9.(watchtower)totakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir10.(day)routines.

1.解析:句意:它最初是在唐代為愛護(hù)這座城市而建的,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復(fù)。build和句子主語之間是被動關(guān)系,所以用被動語態(tài),描述過去的事情,所以用一般過去時,主語it為第三人稱單數(shù),主謂一樣。故填wasbuilt。答案:wasbuilt2.解析:表示“在某個朝代”,用介詞in。故填in。答案:in3.解析:句意:可以步行或騎自行車走14千米。it為形式主語,所以用不定式短語作真正的主語。故填towalk。答案:towalk4.解析:句意:在視察了城墻上全部的防衛(wèi)裝備后,我們確定是時候?qū)嵭行袆恿?還有什么比在一段歷史上騎行更好的呢!空處作介詞的賓語,所以用動詞-ing形式。故填spending。答案:spending5.解析:空后有than,所以用比較級。故填better。答案:better6.解析:句意:我們從南門的租賃處租了自行車。描述過去的事情,所以用一般過去時。故填hired。答案:hired7.解析:句意:我的自行車又舊又搖搖擺晃,但還可以騎。前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以用but連接。故填but。答案:but8.解析:句意:我們圍著西安城墻走了大約3個小時。alltheway一路上,為固定搭配。故填the。答案:the9.解析:句意:但是,我們在不同的大門和眺望臺停下來拍照,或者只是為了看當(dāng)?shù)厝诉M(jìn)行日常生活。watchtower為可數(shù)名詞,前面有different,所以用復(fù)數(shù)名詞。故填watchtowers。答案:watchtowers10.解析:空處作定語修飾名詞,所以用形容詞。故填daily。答案:daily[提升測評]Ⅳ.閱讀理解It’scommonthataJapanese-Americanbowsonthephone—butonlyinJapanese.Behavioursandmannerscanbecomesoroutinethattheyappearevenwhenthere’snoneedforthem.Thosewhoarebilingualandbiculturalknowfirst-handthathowwebehavecandependonwhatlanguagewearespeaking.Expertshaveshownthatwhoyouareinthemomentcandependonthelanguageyouareusingatthattime.Thisisbecausewhenyouhaveanexperience,thelanguageyouareusingbecomesassociatedwithit.Forbilingualpeople,thismeanscertainmemoriesaremorecloselyassociatedwithonelanguagethantheother—aphenomenoncalled“l(fā)anguage-dependentmemory”.Forexample,achildhoodmemoryismorelikelytoberememberedwhenthelanguagespokenduringthatchildhoodeventisspokenagain.Howwethinkandfeelcanthuschangedependingonwhatlanguageweareusing.Forexample,peoplewhoarebilingualhaveanintensifiedstressresponsewhenlisteningtothewordsofscoldinginanativelanguage.Thismaybe,inpart,becauseourearlymemoriesassociatedwithlearninga“bad”wordorbeingscoldedbyourparentshappenedinournativelanguage.Becauseemotionsplayakeyroleinhowwemakedecisions,peopleareoftenmoresensiblewhenmakingchoicesinthelessemotionalforeignlanguage.Whenaskedwhethertheywouldbewillingtogiveoneperson’slifetosaveagroup,peoplewhospeakmorethanonelanguagearemuchmorelikelytosay“yes”whenansweringinaforeignlanguage.Theunpleasantfeelingsthatcanpreventusfrommakingdifficultchoicesarereducedwhenwe’reusinganon-nativelanguage.Thelanguagewespeakhasaninfluenceonhowwethink,feel,andevenbehave.Inaway,knowingdifferentlanguagescanprovidepeoplewithavarietyofviewsthroughwhichtoseetheworld.1.WhyistheexampleofJapanese-Americanmentionedinparagraph1?A.Toshowtheinfluenceofcultureishuge.B.ToshowbowingisJapanesepeople’sroutine.C.ToshowJapanesepeoplearepoliteonthephone.D.Toshowone’suseoflanguageaffectsone’sbehaviour.解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Thosewhoarebilingualandbiculturalknowfirst-handthathowwebehavecandependonwhatlanguagewearespeaking.Expertshaveshownthatwhoyouareinthemomentcandependonthelanguageyouareusingatthattime.”可知,那些說兩種語言和有著雙文化背景的人知道我們的行為取決于我們說的是什么語言。專家指出,你當(dāng)時的身份取決于你當(dāng)時運用的語言。由此可知,第一段提到日裔美國人用日語打電話時會鞠躬是為了表明一個人運用的語言會影響他的行為。故選D。答案:D2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intensified”inparagraph3mean?A.Worse.B.Better.C.Increased. D.Limited.解析:詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞后的“Thismaybe,inpart,becauseourearlymemoriesassociatedwithlearninga’bad’wordorbeingscoldedbyourparentshappenedinournativelanguage.”可知,在某種程度上,這可能是因為在我們早期的記憶里,學(xué)臟話或被父母責(zé)罵都是用母語進(jìn)行的。因此,此處是說會說兩種語言的人在聽到用母語說臟話時,壓力反應(yīng)會增加。由此可知,畫線詞的意思是“增加的”。故選C。答案:C3.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.YouAreActuallyWhatYouAreSpeakingB.NativeLanguagesMakePeopleSpeakMoreC.DifferentLanguagesHaveDifferentInfluencesD.SpeakYourNativeLanguageinOtherCountries解析:標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文,尤其是依據(jù)第一段中的“Expertshaveshownthatwhoyouareinthemomentcandependonthelanguageyouareusingatthattime.”可知,專家指出,你當(dāng)時的身份取決于你當(dāng)時運用的語言。由此可知,本文主要介紹的是你運用的語言確定了你的身份,所以這篇文章最好的題目是“語言確定你的身份”。故選A。答案:AⅤ.完形填空IarrivedintheUnitedStatesonFebruary6th,2016,butIremembermyfirstdayhereveryclearly.MyfriendwaswaitingformewhenmyplanelandedatKennedyInternationalAirportatthreeo’clockintheafternoon.Theweatherwasvery1anditwassnowing,butIwastooexcitedtomind.Fromtheairport,myfriendandItookataxitomy2.Ontheway,IsawtheskylineofManhattanforthefirsttimeandIlookedinastonishmentatthefamousskyscrapers(摩天大樓)andtheirman-made3.Myfriendhelpedmeunpackatthehotelandthenleftbecausehehadtogobacktowork.Hepromisedtoreturnthenextday.

4myfriendhadleft,Iwenttoarestaurantnearthehoteltogetsomethingtoeat.BecauseIcouldn’tspeakasingle5ofEnglish,Icouldn’ttellthewaiterwhatIwanted.Iwasveryupsetandstartedtomakesome6,butthewaiterdidn’t7me.Finally,Iorderedthesamethingthemanatthenexttablewaseating.Afterdinner,IstartedtowalkalongBroadway8IcametoTimesSquarewithitscinemas,theatres,neonlights,andhugecrowdsofpeople.Ididnotfeeltired,soI9towalkaroundthecity.Iwantedtosee10onmyfirstday.Iknewitwas11,butIwantedtotry.

WhenIreturnedtothehotel,Iwas12,butIcouldn’t13becauseIkepthearingthefireandpolicesirens(警笛)duringthenight.Ilay14andthoughtaboutNewYork.Itwasaverybigandinterestingcitywithmanytallbuildingsandbigcars,andfullof15andbusypeople.IalsodecidedrightthenthatIhad