新小學(xué)四年級段英語暑期銜接課程 第四講 句型轉(zhuǎn)換篇教師版

第四講：句型轉(zhuǎn)換篇【考點解讀】課題句型轉(zhuǎn)換篇教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握改為否定句、一般疑問句和對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問題型的做題技巧的用法重點、難點對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問用法考點及考試要求常以句型轉(zhuǎn)換的形式出現(xiàn)Whatcanyoudo?（你會做什么？/你能做什么？）Ican…（我會…/我能夠….）Whatcanshedo?她會干什么？Shecandance.她會跳舞.

Whatcolourisit?（它是什么顏色？）It’s…（它是…）Howmany...?(多少...)Howistheweather?今天天氣怎么樣？It’scloudy.今天多云。Whatseasondoyoulike?你喜歡什么季節(jié)？Ilikesummer.我喜歡夏天。Daddy,Mummy,Iloveyou.（爹地，媽咪，我愛你。）Whoisshe/he?(她/他是誰?)He’s/She’s...Sheisfat/thin/tall/short.CanIhelpyou?(我能幫你什么嗎?)MayIhavea/an...,please?(我要一個...)Doyoulikesweets?你喜歡糖果嗎？Yes,Ido.NoIdon’t.是的。不。Whatdoyoulike?你喜歡什么？Ilikecakes.我喜歡蛋糕。HappyBirthday!生日快樂HappyNewYear!新年快樂！【知識講解】知識點1--------一般疑問句問：什么是一般疑問句？

答：能用yes

/

no(或相當(dāng)于yes

/

no)回答的問句叫一般疑問句。二、一般疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)

一般疑問句有兩個家族。

第一家族為含be動詞或情態(tài)動詞的一般疑問句，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：

be

+

主語

+

其它部分？

情態(tài)動詞

+

主語

+

動詞原形

+

其它部分？肯定回答用“Yes，主語+be\情態(tài)動詞.”，否定回答用“No，主語+be\情態(tài)動詞+not.”。be或情態(tài)動詞和not可用縮寫形式，主要有isn’t，aren’t，wasn’t，weren’t，can’t，mustn’t，needn’t等。

eg1.

問句：

Is

this

your

English

book？

肯答：

Yes，it

is.

否答：

No，it

isn`t.

eg2.

問句：

Are

these

your

English

books？

肯答：

Yes，they

are.

否答：

No，they

aren’t另一家族為含行為動詞（或稱為實義動詞）的一般疑問句，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：

助動詞

+

主語

+

動詞原形

+

其它？

肯定回答用“Yes,

主語+

do\does.”，否定回答用“No,

主語+do\does

not.”。助動詞也常用縮寫形式，主要有don’t，doesn’t，didn’t等。

eg3.

問句：

Do

your

parents

like

English？

肯答：

Yes，they

do.

否答：

No，they

don’t.如何將陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧涞谝患易澹汉琤e動詞或情態(tài)動詞的句子

秘訣：一調(diào)二改三問號

一調(diào)：即把句中的be或情態(tài)動詞調(diào)到主語前；

二改：改換主語稱謂，即將句中的主語I\my

\mine\we\our\ours等第一人稱分別改為相應(yīng)的第二人稱you\your\

yours等；

三問號：句末的句號改為問號。如：

.

I

am

an

English

teacher.

→

Are

you

an

English

teacher?

.

We

can

speak

English

fluently.

→

Can

you

speak

English

fluently?第二家族：含行為動詞（或稱為實義動詞）的句子

秘訣：一加二改三問號

一加：即在句首加助動詞Do或Does；

二改：1、把謂語動詞改為原形；改換主語稱謂（同第一家組）；

三問號：句末的句號改為問號。.

We

read

English

every

morning.

→

Do

you

read

English

every

morning?

.

Tom’s

father

listens

to

English

on

the

radio

every

evening.

→

Does

Tom’s

father

listen

to

English

on

the

radio

every

evening?

特別注意：對于第二家族一定要注意動詞的還原，因為時態(tài)與數(shù)的變化已經(jīng)體現(xiàn)在助動詞上了。3、

加強記憶口訣：

“肯變一，并不難，can

或be提在前；

謂語若為行為動，do

或does句首用?！敝R點2--------否定句（注意要和否定回答區(qū)分哦）把肯定句改成否定句分以下情況：??句中有be動詞的，在be動詞后加not；?句中有情態(tài)動詞的（can?,should，must?，would），在情態(tài)動詞后面加not；句中沒有be動詞和情態(tài)動詞的，在動詞前加don’t或doesn’t?①句中動詞為原形的，加don’t.如：?I?like?apples.→I?don’t?like?apples.?②句中動詞為三單式的，加doesn’t，并將三單式的動詞還原成原形。?如：He?likes?apples.→?He?doesn’t?like?apples.4、肯定句中的some在否定句中應(yīng)改為any，and改為or，第一人稱改為第二人稱。?知識點3--------對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問

一、注意疑問句的語序

1．對句子的主語進(jìn)行提問，其語序是：疑問詞＋謂語＋其他成分＋？

She

is

their

teacher．→Who

is

their

teacher？

2．對句子主語的定語進(jìn)行提問，其語序是：疑問詞＋主語＋謂語＋其他成分＋？

My

book

is

over

there．→Whose

book

is

over

there？

3．對表語、賓語或狀語進(jìn)行提問，其語序是：疑問詞＋一般疑問句＋？

He

lives

in

Beijing．→Where

does

he

live？

4．對表語或賓語的定語進(jìn)行提問，其語序是：疑問詞＋表語或賓語＋一般疑問句＋？

I'm

looking

for

my

watch．→Whose

watch

are

you

looking

for？

二、注意疑問詞的選擇

1．問“誰”用who或whom。

如:Li

Lei

is

a

doctor．→Who

is

a

doctor？（對主語提問用who，對賓語提問時用who、whom均可）

2．問“誰的”，用whose。

如：This

is

his

book．→Whose

book

is

this？

3．問“地點”，用where。

如：The

ball

is

under

the

bed．→Where

is

the

ball？

4．問“原因”，用why。

如：He

didn't

come

because

he

was

ill．→Why

didn't

he

come？

5．問“身體狀況”，用how。

如：I'm

fine．→How

are

you？

6．問“方式”，用how。

如：He

did

it

in

that

way．→How

did

he

do

it？

7．問“程度”，用how＋被修飾語。

如：The

river

is

five

meters

wide．→How

wide

is

the

river？

8．問“多少”，用how

much

或how

many。

如：I

have

a

lot

of

money．→How

much

money

do

you

have？

He

has

been

to

Shanghai

three

times．→How

many

times

has

he

been

to

Shanghai？（how

many＋可數(shù)名詞；how

much＋不可數(shù)名詞）

9．問“多久”，用how

long，how

soon。

如：He

has

stayed

here

for

ten

days．→How

long

has

he

stayed

here？

He

will

be

back

in

two

hours．→How

soon

will

he

be

back？（how

long指動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)了多久；how

soon指動作或狀態(tài)還有多久才發(fā)生）

10．問“動作發(fā)生頻率”，用how

often。如：

I

watch

TV

twice

every

week．→How

often

do

you

watch

TV？

11．問“哪個”，用which

或

what。如：

I

like

this

among

these

three．→Which

do

you

like

among

these

three？

I

like

English

best．→What

subject

do

you

like

best？

12．問“什么”，用what。如：

There

is

a

book

on

the

desk．→What's

on

the

desk？

13．問“職業(yè)”，用what。如：

My

father

is

a

teacher．→What's

your

father？

14．問“顏色”，用what

colour。如：

The

orange

is

orange．→What

colour

is

the

orange？

15．問“星期”，用what

day。如：

Today

is

Friday．→What

day

is

today？

16．問“月、日”，用What…date。如：

Today

is

July

1st．→What's

the

date

today？

17．問“時間”，用when

或what

time。

如：I

go

there

in

the

morning．→When

do

you

go

there？

It

is

four

o'clock．→What

time

is

it？

（when既可對鐘點時間提問，亦可對年、月、日等時間進(jìn)行提問，what

time則通常只對鐘點時間進(jìn)行提問）三、【典例探究】【例題1】：一般疑問句及特殊疑問句句子基本是：簡單陳述句，由簡單陳述句轉(zhuǎn)變成肯定句，否定句，疑問句。疑問句是用來提出問題。英語中有四種疑問句:一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句。我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)接觸到了前兩種疑問句。后兩種疑問句以后我們還會學(xué)到.一.一般疑問句：英語中要用yes和no來回答的疑問句叫一般疑問句。如:1）Isithot?Yes,itis.\No,itisn’t.——be動詞引導(dǎo)2）Isitacar?Yes,itis.\No,itisn’t.——be動詞引導(dǎo)3）Isthisyourruler?Yes,itis.\No,itisn’t.——be動詞引導(dǎo)4）Doyoulikebananas?——含實義動詞Yes,Ilikebananas.\No,Idon’tlikebananas.5）CanMinghearadrill?——含情態(tài)動詞Yes,Mingcanhearadrill.\No,Mingcan’thearadrill.陳述句（肯定句，否定句，一般疑問句）的轉(zhuǎn)變規(guī)律：

1．肯定句：2．否定句：3.一般疑問句及肯否定回答主語+be動詞+….1)主語+be動詞+not+….1）be動詞+主語+…？Yes,主語+be動詞./No,主語+be動詞+not.Iamateacher.Iamnotateacher.Areyouateacher？--Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.Mymotheristhin.Mymotherisnot/isn’tthin.Isyourmotherthin?--Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.Theyareinsects.Theyarenot/aren’tinsects.Aretheyinsects？--Yes.theyare./No,theyaren’t.2)主語+情態(tài)動詞can+…2)主語+情態(tài)動詞can+not+….2）情態(tài)動詞can+主語+…？Yes,主語+情態(tài)動詞can/No,主語+情態(tài)動詞can+not

Hecanjump.Hecannot/can’tjump.Canhejump？--Yes,hecan./No,hecan’t.3)主語+動詞+….3)主語+助動詞do/does+not3）助動詞do/does+主語+….動詞原形+….動詞原形？Yes,主語+助動詞do/does.No,主語+助動詞do/does+not.

Helikestoeatapples.

Hedoesn’tliketoeatapples.Doesheliketoeatapples？Yes，hedoes./No，hedoesn’t.

Weliketoeatapples.Wedon’tliketoeatapples.Doyouliketoeatapples？Yes，wedo./No，wedon’t.

二.祈使句：表示請求、命令、建議或勸告等的句子叫祈使句，主語you常省略。

1、肯定形式：一般以動詞原形開頭。Openthedoor,please.

2、否定形式：在句首謂語動詞前加Don't。Don'tbelateforclass.三特殊疑問句（又叫wh-question）用特殊疑問詞來提出問題的疑問句叫作特殊疑問句。特殊疑問詞一般要放在句首。常用的疑問詞有whatwho，whichhow等這些詞都以wh開頭（包括how）所以也叫作wh-question。特殊疑問句要求回答具體內(nèi)容。不能用yes或no回答。結(jié)構(gòu)：疑問詞+一般疑問句。回答不能用yes/no(或相當(dāng)于yes/no)回答的問句。答句的句式同肯定句句式：如：Whatcanyousee?Icanseeacat.Whatcanyouhear?Icanhearabus.Whatcanyoudo?Icansinganddance.Whatisit?It’sapanda.Whatdoyoulike?IlikeplayingfootballHowoldareyou?I’mten.一.將下列句子變成一般疑問句1MrWangisthirsty.__________________________?2.Theelephant’searsarelong.__________________________?3.Welikebirds._________________________?4.Hello,Iamhismother__________________________?5.Icansinganddance.___________________________?二將下列每組詞各組成一句特殊疑問句1.(youarehow)._________________________?.2.(oldhowBenis)_________________________?3.colouriswhatyourshirt_________________________?4.(canseewhattheonyoudesk)________________________?5.(likewhatdoyou)_________________________?答案：一.1.IsMrWangthirsty?2.Aretheelephent’searslong3.Doyoulikebirds?4.Hello.Areyouhismother?5.Canyousinganddance?二.1.Howareyou?2.HowoldisBen?3.Whatcolourisyourshirt?4.Whatcanyouseeonthedesk?5.Whatdoyoulike?四、【課堂運用】【基礎(chǔ)】【練習(xí)1】

把下列句子改成否定句和一般疑問句。

This

is

the

reading

room.

否定句：

____________________________

一般疑問句：_____________________________

2.

She’s

Miss

Lynn.

否定句：_______________________________

一般疑問__________________________________

3.

I

am

in

Grade

3.

否定句：_______________________________

一般疑問句：

____________________________

4.

Miss

Zhang

is

our

English

teacher.

否定句：_______________________________

答案：1.This

isn't

the

reading

room.

2.Sheisn't

Miss

Lynn.

3.

I

amnot

in

Grade

3.

AreyouinGrade3?

4.Miss

Zhang

isn’t

our

English

teacher.

【練習(xí)2】【肯定回答、否定回答專項練習(xí)】1.

Are

you

a

pupil?

肯定回答：_____________________

否定回答：

___________________

2.

Are

you

doctors?

肯定回答：_____________________

否定回答：

___________________

3.

Is

she

in

the

classroom?

肯定回答：_____________________

否定回答：

___________________

4.

Is

your

father

a

policeman?

肯定回答：_____________________

否定回答：

___________________

5.

Are

they

in

Class

One?

肯定回答：_____________________

否定回答：

___________________

6.

Are

your

teachers

busy?

肯定回答：_____________________

否定回答：

___________________

7.

Are

Tom

and

you

playing

games?

肯定回答：_____________________

否定回答：

___________________

8.

Have

you

got

a

toy

car?

肯定回答：_____________________

否定回答：

___________________

9.

Has

your

mother

got

a

red

coat?

肯定回答：_____________________

否定回答：

___________________

10.

Has

the

boy

got

any

grapes?

肯定回答：_____________________

否定回答：

___________________

答案：1.Yes,IamNo,Iamnot2.Yes,IamNo,Iamnot3.Yes,sheis.No.sheisn’t.4.Yes,heis.No,heisn’t.5.Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.6.Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.7.Yes,weare.No,wearen’t.8.Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.9.Yes,shehas.No,shehasn’t.10.Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.【課后鞏固】【習(xí)題1】對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問練習(xí)一1.

I

am

Mr.

Dog.

_____________________________________________________

2.

My

English

teacher

is

in

the

classroom.

________________________________3.

My

father

is

a

driver.________________________________________________

4.

My

mother

is

fine.

________________________________________________

5.

My

father

has

got

a

new

bike.

________________________________________

答案：1.Whoareyou?2.WhereisyourEnglishteacher?3.Whoisadriver?4.Howisyourmother?5.Whathasyourfathergot?練習(xí)二1.

The

boy

has

got

two

nice

photos.

_____________________________________2.

That

tall

man

is

Mr

White.

___________________________________________

3.

The

lady

over

there

is

an

actress.

_____________________________________

4.

My

dog

is

fine

today.

_______________________________________________

5.

I’ve

got

some

ball

pens.

_____________________________________________答案：1.Whathastheboygot?2.Whoisthattallman?3.Whatistheladyoverthere?4.Howisyourdogtoday?5.Whathaveyougot?二、按要求改變句子：Heisateacher._________________________________________________________Theyaredoctors._______________________________________________________I’mastudent.________________________________________________________Therearesomebooksonthedesk.__________________________Thereisabottleofmilkonthetable._________________________Kittyhassomesugar._____________________________________Kittyhassomesugar._____________________________________Theyareintheshop.(一般疑問句)_______________________Thereissomewaterinthebottle.（一般疑問句）_________________Kittyhaslunchatschool.（一般疑問句）______________________________________TheyhaveEnglishinthemorning.（否定句）__________________________________Hehasabreakatten.(否定句)____________________________________________Iwantsomevegetables.(what)________________________________________Theyarehavingapicnic.(what)_____________________________________________Iamhungryandthirsty.(一般疑問句)________________________________________Myfathercandriveacar.(what)___________________________________________Dickgoestotheparkeveryday.(否定句)____________________________