新概念英語第三冊第5課

NEWCONCEPTENGLISHBOOK3ThefactsLesson5SummarywritingforL4

Whenhegotmarried,AlfBloggstoldhiswifeheworkedfortheCorporation.Thoughhedressedinasmartblacksuiteverymorning,hechangedintooverallsatworkandspentthedayworkingasadustman.Thenhetookashowerandchangedbackintohissuitatnight.Thislastedfortwoyearsandhisfellowdustmenkepthissecret.Hiswifewillneverlearnthetruthbecauseherhusbandwillbeanofficeworkerinfuture.NewwordsforL5：editor.n.編輯

editionn.版本

editor-in-chief=Chiefeditor主編edit.v.編輯 editorialn.社論aneditorialoneducation一篇關(guān)于教育的社論

eg.toeditaShakespeareplayforuseinschools編輯一本莎士比亞劇本以供學校使用補充：compilev.匯編（不作改動的編輯）

compilern.匯編者Aguidebookcompiledfromvarietyofsources利用各種資料匯編的導游手冊

composev.創(chuàng)作，作曲

composern.（尤指）作曲家

eg.Shebegantocomposesongsatanearlyage.extreme.n.極端

adj.極端的

gotoextremestodosth.走極端做某事eg.1.Sometimesheeatstoomuchandsometimesheeatsnothing.Hegoesfromoneextremetotheother. 2.Hewenttoextremestostealbecauseofpoverty.Intheextreme極其 extremelyadv.極端地，極其地，非常eg.Hehasbeengenerousintheextreme.他極其慷慨大方。

eg.Personally,I’mextremelywellsatisfied.補充：gosofarastodosth.甚至于…;竟然做…Eg.1.Iwon’tgosofarastosaythatheisdishonest.

我不至于說他不誠實。2.ImaygoasfartosaythatIhavenotlivedwhollyinvain.Ifmyrecordwereclosedtonight,Icouldstillsurveyitwithequanimity（平靜，鎮(zhèn)定）。

(福爾摩斯語錄）我甚至可以說，我完全沒有虛度此生。如果我的生命旅程到今夜為止，我也可以問心無愧地視死如歸。

withoutsomuchasdoing甚至于不…，連…都沒…Eg.Heleftthejobwithoutsomuchassayinggoodbye.

statisticsn.統(tǒng)計數(shù)字；統(tǒng)計學statistician.n.統(tǒng)計員補充：accountant會計師，會計員；auditor審計員；assessor審核員； inspector稽查員journalistn.新聞記者（指采訪、撰稿、編輯等記者）reportern.（oncamera)(上鏡作報導的）記者press(報刊）/TV/radioreporterscorrespondent(駐遠地的）記者；通訊記者；駐外記者presidentn.總統(tǒng)；主席；校長補充：Chairman主席；premier總理；primeminister首相；foreignminister外交部長； secretary書記部長congressman國會議員； commissioner委員

Palace.n.王宮，宏偉的住宅

President’spalace總統(tǒng)府

P.R.C.:theForbiddenCity紫禁城；SummerPalace頤和園；PalaceMuseum故宮博物院Britain:BuckinghamPalace(BritishroyalfamilyinLondon)白金漢宮DowningSt.(theofficialhouseoftheBritishPrimeMinisteratNo.10andtheChieffinancialministeratNo.11)

唐寧街Whitehall(Britishgovernment)白廳America:WhiteHouse(theofficialhomeofAmericanpresident)白宮 Pentagon五角大樓Russia:WinterPalace冬宮（過去俄國沙皇的寢宮）theKremlin(thegovernmentofRussia)

克林姆林宮RedSquare紅場(InthecenterofMoscow,knownespeciallyforthemilitaryprocessions（閱兵）

tookplacethereonMayDay)publishv.出版，發(fā)行eg.Whenareyougoingtopublishthisworkofyours?

publishinghouse出版社

pressn.出版；印刷；gotopress(beprinted)付印

出版社OxfordUniversityPress牛津出版社

gotothepress參加記者招待會

press報刊、雜志；

thelocal/national/foreignpress

本地、全國、外國報刊

thepressfreedom=thefreedomofthePress(記者、新聞界）

issuev.發(fā)行 comeout出版faxv.n.傳真

sendafaxtosb./faxsb.impatientadj.不耐煩的beimpatientatsth./withsb.對……不耐煩eg.Hewasgettingimpatientashavingtowaitsolong.beimpatientofsth.無法容忍某事eg.Heisimpatientofanythingstupid.beimpatientforsth./todosth.渴望、急切做……Eg.1.WeareimpatientfortheSpringFestivaltocome. 2.Sheisimpatientfortheresultoftheexamination.表示“渴望”的短語：beanxiousfor; beeagerfor;desirefor; diefor; hungerfor; longforEg.hungerforknowledge; desireforpower longforpeacefirev.解雇

hirev.雇傭Eg.Hewasfiredforstealingmoneyfromthesafe.Igotfired.表示解雇的其他表示方法：dismisssb.fromsth.Eg.Hewasdismissedfordrunkennessfromthearmy.removesb.fromsth.Eg.Thecorruptofficialwasremovedfromoffice.givethesack(givesb.asack)getthesacklaysb.offEg.Theywerelaidoffbecauseofthelackofneworders.relievesb.offone’spost/duties其他：eg.1.Theykickedmeout. 2.Mybossshowedmethedooryesterday.originallyadv.起初，原先，從前

original.adj.起初的，原來的，首創(chuàng)的，原作的

n.原件，原稿Eg.1.Ithinkyoushouldgobacktoyouroriginalplan.2.Theroomstillhasmanyofitsoriginalfeatures.3.Theoriginalmanufacture（加工，產(chǎn)品）hasbeenlost.

原稿丟了。4.Onlyoriginaldocumentswillbeacceptedasproofofstatus.只有文件的正本才能用作身份證明。5.Sendoutthephotocopiesandkeeptheoriginal.Q:What

was

the

consequence

of

the

editor's

insistence

on

facts

and

statistics?

Consequencen.后果，結(jié)果，重要性Eg.Doyouknowwhattheconsequenceofyouractionwillbe?Morethan200peoplelosttheirjobasadirectconsequenceofthemerge(合并）. face/take/suffertheconsequenceofInconsequenceof由于…的緣故Eg.Inconsequenceofyourbadwork,I’mforcedtodismissyou.beofnoconsequence不重要Don’tworry!It’sofnoconsequence.insistv.堅持

insistondoingsth. atone’sinsistence在某人的堅持下Factsandstatistics

同義重復修飾eg.Hereturnedhomesafeandsound(平安無恙）.Thecontractisnullandvoid.合同無效。Servethepeopleheartandsoul.

全心全意為人民服務。warandpeace戰(zhàn)爭與和平 talkandlaugh有說有笑

menandmen各式各樣的人體會and的含義：

Itwasnoteasytocarrysuchaheavyload,andduringthedogdays.“扛這么重的東西很不容易，何況是在這么熱的天呢.”Last

year

a

journalist

had

been

instructed

by

a

well-known

magazine

to

write

an

article

on

the

president's

palace

in

a

new

African

republic.Africann.非洲人adj.非洲的republicn.共和國,共和政體instruct

vt.教,教導,命令,指示,通知instruct

sb.to

do

sth.=tell

sb.

formally

to

do

sth.正式告訴某人做某事--The

teacher

instructed

him

to

take

the

examination.on=about側(cè)重強調(diào)課題專一--a

book

on

radioWhen

the

article

arrived,

the

editor

read

the

first

sentence

and

then

refused

to

publish

it.When

the

article

arrived=When

the

editor

received

the

articlerefusevt.拒絕（態(tài)度嚴厲）--Iinvitedhimtodinner,butherefusedme.declinevt.謝絕,婉拒repudiatevt.斷然拒絕,(正式地）否認；拒絕接受；拒絕與…往來；拒不履行（法律義務）The

article

began:

'Hundreds

of

steps

lead

to

the

high

wall

which

surrounds

the

president's

palace.1.Thearticlesays/begins/reads/beasfollows…eg.ThearticlesaysChina’sreformandopening-uppolicyisbenefitingtothecountryandothers.這篇文章稱，中國的改革開放政策對本國和他國都是有利的。

TheChineseversionofthearticleisasfollows.2.表示數(shù)字的一些表達方法：

Tensof幾十; dozensof幾十; tensofthousandsof數(shù)萬的；

tensofmillionsof數(shù)千萬的;billionsof數(shù)十億的; hundredsofmillionsof數(shù)億的

hundredsandhundredsoftimes成百上千倍

thousandsuponthousandspeople成千上萬的人3.leadtosth.“通向，通往，延續(xù)到”eg.Labourleadstohappiness.勞動使人幸福。

Thisistheroadleadingtotheuniversity.補充：guide…to…引導，指引，引路eg.Heguidedmetothereception-room.Myfatherguidedhisbusinesstosuccess.

direct…to…引路，指引eg.Canyoudirectmetothenearestphonebooth?4.surroundv.圍繞，環(huán)繞

goaround/revolvearoundeg.Themoonrevolvearoundtheearth. rotatev.（天體的）自轉(zhuǎn)eg.Theman-madesatellitemade30revolutionaroundtheearth.The

journalist

immediately

set

out

to

obtain

these

important

facts,

but

he

took

a

long

timeto

send

them.set

out

to

do

=

decide

and

try

to

do決定,打算,開始著手做...set

about

(doing)sth.決定,打算,著手做...goabout(doing)sth.Eg. He

set

out

to

make

his

first

1,000,000

in

5

years. Wesetaboutourtaskwithgreatenthusiasm. Peterhasn’tthefaintestidea(一點也不知道）ofhowtogo aboutfindingabetterjob.Ittakes

sb.a

long

time

to

do

sths

某事花了某人很久的時間

meantodo打算，想要做…(usedesp.whenyouforgettodosth.ordon’thavethechancetodo.)eg.Imeantotellyou,butIforgot.plantodoHesentyetanotherfaxinformingthejournalistthatifhedidnotreplysoonhewouldbefired.

yetanother:還有一個；再

eg.I’vemadeyetanothermistake.

informv.

informsb.that從句“告訴、通知”

informsb.Of/aboutsth. informoneselfof/aboutsth.“了解、熟悉”

informonsb.“告發(fā)，栓舉某人”When

the

journalist

again

failed

to

reply,

the

editor

reluctantly

published

the

article

as

it

had

originally

been

written.failtodo

eg. Hefailedtokeeptheword. ThegovernmentofGreecefailedtorevivethe economy.never/notfailtodo總能做到…bereluctanttodo=beunwillingtodo

勉勉強強地,不情愿地as

it

bad

originally

been

written=in

its

original

wayNot

only

had

the

poor

man

been

arrested,

but

he

had

been

sent

to

prison

as

well.Not

only位于句首時,句子須采用倒裝形式。本句正常語序：The

poor

man

had

not

only

been

arrested,but

hehad

been

sent

to

prison

as

well.部分倒裝：1、句首為否定或半否定詞：no,not,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,scarcely,little;notforasecond決不,毫不/notintheleast絕不,一點也不,notforaninstant根本就不；atnotime,innoway，bynomeans，onnoaccount,undernocircumstances（絕不）；

notuntil,nowhere,等等。Eg.1).Neverwillweforgetthepast. 2).Littledoeshecareaboutyou. 3).Nowhereintheworldcanyoufindamanwholovesyousomuch. 4).InnowaydoIblameyouforwhathappened. 5).AtnotimewillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons. 6）Not

in

the

least

is

he

interested

in

English

literature. 7）Not

for

an

instant

did

I

believe

he

had

lied.

2、“only+狀語(從句)”位于句首時；Eg.1).Onlythendidsherealizeshewaswrong.2).Onlybyworkinghardcanyouachieveyourgoal.3).Onlywhenhehadfailedthreetimesdidheturntomeforadvice.4).Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnitwell.3、so+adj./adv.;tosuchadegree,tosuchanextent,tosuchapoint等放于句首，表示程度時；Eg.1).Sodiligentlydoesheworkthatheoftenforgetstoeatandsleep.2).Tosuchanextentdidhishealthdeteriorate(v.惡化）thathewasforcedtoretire.3).Somuchdoesheworryabouthisfinancialpositionthathecan’tsleepatnight.4.在含有were,hadshould的虛擬語氣中，if省略，were,had,should放于句首，部分倒裝。Eg.1).WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.2).HadIknownwhatwasgoingtohappen,Iwouldneverhavedonesuchathing.3).Shouldyouchangeyourmind,noonewouldblameyou.4).Werehetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyMonday.

5.As或though引導讓步狀語從句有時也倒裝，即把表語或謂語提前放于句首。Eg.1).Patientas/thoughhewas,hewasunwillingtodoso.2).Childas/thoughhewas,hehadagoodcommandofEnglish. (注：若表語為名詞，前面不加冠詞）3).MuchasIlikeit,Iwon’tbuyit.6.so,neither,nor放于句首，表示前面所說情況也適于后者時；Eg.1).Ican’tspeakEnglish,neither/norcanhe.2).Theboydied,andamonthlater,sodidhissister.

7.Manya+名詞或nota+名詞放于句首時；Eg.1).Notaworddidhesayatthemeeting.2)Manyatimehasthemanageremphasizedthispoint.8.Often,invain,always,manyatime等表頻率的狀語放于句首時；Eg.1).Oftendidtheythinkofgoingthere,buttheyneverhadachance.2)Invaindidwetrytopersuadehertogiveupherplan.9.表示地點的狀語放于句首時，須完全倒裝。Eg.1).Betweenthetwobuildingsstandsatalltree.2)Onthegroundlayasickgoat.倒裝：（部分倒裝）1>否定副詞位于句首,要倒裝。never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,nowhere,no

soonerscarcelyadv.幾乎不,簡直沒有nowhereadv.無處,到處都無--Never

have

I

read

such

stories.我從來也沒讀過這樣的小說。--Nowhere

can

he

find

the

book

he

wants.無論在哪他也找不到他要的書。--Hardly

did

I

think

it

possible.我并不認為這是可能的。2>含有only的狀語位于句首,句子要倒裝。--Only

then

did

he

realize

that

he

had

made

a

mistake.--Only

when

a

great

deal

more

information

has

been

obtained

will

it

be

possible

to

plan

a

trip.3>含有not的副詞短語位于句首,句子要倒裝。notforasecond決不,毫不/notintheleast絕不,一點也不not

for

an

instant,not

until--Not

in

the

least

is

he

interested

in

English

literature.他對英國文學一點都不感興趣。--Not

for

an

instant

did

I

believe

he

had

lied.我根本不認為他說了慌。4>含有no的短語位于句首,句子要倒裝。at

on

time,in

no

way

,in

no

sense,by

no

means,in

no

case,on

no

account,on

no

condition,under

no

circumstances（都表示‘