初升高英語暑假銜接第11講 Unit3 Sports and Fitness 核心單詞知識(shí)句型（學(xué)生版）

第11講Unit3SportsandFitness目標(biāo)1掌握重點(diǎn)單詞和詞塊的用法。目標(biāo)2認(rèn)識(shí)并運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)句型。核心單詞講解清單一----詞表詞匯速記（限時(shí)25分鐘）1.setanexample樹立榜樣setanexampleto/forsb給某人樹立榜樣followone'sexample效仿某人；以某人為榜樣take...forexample以……為例forexample/instance例如eg.WeChinesepeopleareallcalledontolearnfromLeiFeng,whowethinksetsanexampletousall.我們中國人都被號(hào)召向雷鋒學(xué)習(xí)，我們認(rèn)為他為我們樹立了榜樣。honour（又作honor）n.榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸●It'sanhonourforsbtodosth對某人來說做某事很榮幸feelitanhonourtodosth為做某事感到榮幸inhonourof...向……表示敬意；為紀(jì)念……●be/feelhonouredtodosth做某事感到榮幸●honourableadj.可敬的；體面的honouredadj.受尊敬的eg.Lastbutnotleast,Ifeelitagreathonourtorepresentmyclasstotakepartinthegroupdancingcompetition.最后但同等重要的是，代表我們班參加團(tuán)體舞比賽，我感到很榮幸。determinationn.決心；決定●withdetermination有決心●determinevt.決定；確定；下決心；影響determinetodosth決定做某事determineon/upon（doing）sth決定（做）某事●determinedadj.有決心的bedeterminedtodosth決心做某事（表示狀態(tài)）【聯(lián)想】“決定做某事”表達(dá)還有∶①decidetodosth②makeadecisiontodosth③makeupone'smindtodosthinjurevt.使受傷；損害（hurt）●injuredadj.受傷的；有傷的getinjured受傷theinjured傷員●injuryn.傷害；損傷doaninjurytosb傷害某人5.loseheart喪失信心；泄氣loseone'sheartto某人傾心于……；愛上……putone'sheartinto某人專心于……h(huán)eartandsoul全心全意；完全地learn...byheart記憶；背誦eg.Innosenseshouldyouloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.決不應(yīng)喪失信心；繼續(xù)努力，你遲早會(huì)成功的。6.strengthn.力量；體力；強(qiáng)項(xiàng)，優(yōu)勢（advantage）●havethestrengthtodosth有力量/意志做某事buildupone'sstrength/body增強(qiáng)某人的體力strengthsandweaknesses優(yōu)勢和劣勢●strongadj，強(qiáng)壯的；堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的strengthenvt，&vi，加強(qiáng)；鞏固；增強(qiáng)【聯(lián)想】-en后綴高頻動(dòng)詞集錦；①shorten縮短②deepen加深③widen加寬④broaden加寬⑤lighten減輕⑥brighten變亮7.failuren.失??；失敗的人（或事物）●endinfailure以失敗而告終heartfailure心臟衰竭●failvi.失敗failtodosth沒做成某事【反義】successn.成功；succeedv.成功eg.Astheoldsayinggoes,failureisthemotherofsuccess.俗話說，失敗是成功之母。8.giveup放棄；投降givein屈服；投降；讓步；上交giveout分配；分發(fā)；用光；筋疲力盡giveoff放出；發(fā)出（光、熱、氣味或氣體等）giveaway贈(zèng)送；泄露；出賣giveback歸還【同義】desert，quit，abandoncompetevi.競爭；對抗●competein參加……比賽；在……方面競爭competewith與……競爭competefor為……而競爭competewith/against...for...為爭取……而與……競爭/對抗●competitionn.比賽；競爭competitiveadj.競爭的；有競爭力的competitorn.競爭者；對手【聯(lián)想】“比賽”的表達(dá)還有∶match，contest，game，tournamentmakesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚●makesenseof理解；明白makenosense沒道理；沒意義●inasense在某一方面；就某種意義來說innosense決不（位于句首時(shí)用部分倒裝）●thereisnosense/pointindoingsth做某事沒意義【聯(lián)想】“決不”位于句首部分倒裝短語薈萃；innoway,innocase,bynomeans,onnocondition,atnotime,onnoaccount,under/innocircumstancespretendvi.&vt.假裝；裝扮pretendtobe十名詞/形容詞假裝是……pretendtodosth假裝做某事pretendtobedoingsth假裝正在做某事pretendtohavedonesth假裝已經(jīng)做了某事pretendthat從句假裝……【聯(lián)想】后接todo/tobedoing/tohavedone的動(dòng)詞還有∶happen，appear，seem，claim等。12.dietn.規(guī)定飲食；日常飲食vi.節(jié)食goonadiet節(jié)食，控制飲食（表動(dòng)作）beonadiet在節(jié)食（表狀態(tài)）abalanced/healthydiet均衡的/健康的飲食eg.Keepingabalanceddietandtakingexerciseregularlyarerecognizedasahealthylifestyle.均衡飲食和經(jīng)常鍛煉被認(rèn)為是一種健康的生活方式。13.makeadifference有作用或影響●makeadifferenceto對……有作用或影響makesome/no/littledifference（to..）（對……）有/沒有/很少有作用或影響●tellthedifference（between...and..）辨別/區(qū)分（……與……）eg.Onlywhenwematchourwordswithactionscanwemakeadifferenceinwhateverwehopetoaccomplish.只有我們言行一致才能對我們希望完成的事情有所貢獻(xiàn)。14.ratherthan而不是●wouldratherdosththandosthwoulddosthratherthandosth寧愿……而不愿……prefertodosthratherthandosth●otherthan不同于；除了……外morethan多于；不僅僅；非常orrather更確切地說【點(diǎn)撥】ratherthan連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)與前面的主語保持一致，即"就遠(yuǎn)原則"。cut….out停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下cutoff中止；切掉；使隔絕cutup切碎cutdown砍倒；削減；刪節(jié)；縮?。ǔ叽?、數(shù)量等）cutin插嘴；打斷（談話）；插入eg.Ifyoucutoutfatandsugarinyourfoods,youwillbemuchslimmer.如果你的食物中沒有脂肪和糖的攝入，你就會(huì)更苗條。compare...with/to...與……比較compare…to…把……比喻為……comparedwith/to（獨(dú)立成分作狀語）和……相比較comparenoteswithsb與某人交換意見eg.Michael'snewhouseislikeahugepalace,comparedwithhisoldone.邁克爾的新房子和他的舊房子相比，就像一個(gè)巨大的宮殿。17.stressn.壓力（pressure）；緊張；強(qiáng)調(diào)；重音vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)；重讀；使焦慮不安vi.焦慮不安●understress在壓力下relievestress緩解壓力put/place/laystresson/upon強(qiáng)調(diào)；著重于stressout焦慮不安；疲憊不堪●stressfuladj.有壓力的（指物）stressedadj.感到有壓力的（指人）eg.Ashasbeenstressedmanytimes,learningEnglishwellisofgreatimportancetoyourcareerdevelopmentinthefuture.正如我們多次強(qiáng)調(diào)的，學(xué)好英語對你未來的職業(yè)發(fā)展是非常重要的。Actually,alotofteenagersinChinaareundergreatstress.事實(shí)上，中國很多青少年都承受著巨大的壓力。Ithinkthecompanyplacestoomuchstressoncostandnotenoughonquality.我認(rèn)為公司對成本強(qiáng)調(diào)有余，而對質(zhì)量重視不足。二、重點(diǎn)詞塊速記athomeandabroad國內(nèi)外comealong跟隨；到達(dá)；進(jìn)步；趕快makeit獲得成功；準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)4.fallapart破裂；破碎；崩潰5.becauseofheartproblems因?yàn)樾呐K問題6.abigchallenge一個(gè)巨大挑戰(zhàn)7.standstill站著不動(dòng)；靜止不動(dòng)8.thesecrettohissuccess他成功的秘訣9.learnfromhisfailures從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)10.nowandthen有時(shí)；偶爾11.bepositiveaboutmyselfandmybody對我自己和我的身體積極自信12.track-and-fieldlovers田徑愛好者13.comparemyselfwithactressesandmodels把自己與女演員和模特比較ane-sportsevent一個(gè)電子競技活動(dòng)hosttheYouthSkiRace主辦青少年滑雪比賽16.sweatyourwaytogoodhealth流汗是健康之道17.loseweight減肥18.it'suptoyou由你決定19.bringhonourandglorytohercountry給她的國家?guī)砻u(yù)和榮耀20.worktogetherasateam齊心協(xié)力三、重點(diǎn)句型剖析1.Losingtwoimportantplayerswasabigchallenge,butLangPingdidnotloseheart.（v.-ing形式作主語）失去兩位重要的運(yùn)動(dòng)員是一個(gè)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，但郎平并沒有灰心。2.TheBoysandGirlsClubwhichhestartedinChicagohasbeenhelpingyoungpeoplesince1996.（have/hasbeendoing現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)）他在芝加哥所創(chuàng)建的"男孩女孩俱樂部"從1996年至今一直在幫助年輕人。3.Asoccerplayershouldnotpretendtofalldownevenifithelpshis/herteam.(evenif引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句）盡管這對他/她的球隊(duì)有幫助，足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員也不應(yīng)該假裝摔倒。4.Jordansaysthatthesecrettohissuccessislearningfromhisfailures.(thesecretto...is………的秘訣是……）喬丹說他成功的秘訣是從失敗中學(xué)習(xí)。5.Theymustbeathleteswhoaremastersintheirsportsandalsosetgoodexamplesforothers.（人物描寫）他們必須是他們（各自的）運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)域的高手，而且為其他人樹立了很好的榜樣。Inthefinalsecondsofagame,Jordanalwaysseemedtofindawaytowin.在一場比賽的最后幾秒，喬丹似乎總能找到獲勝的方法。句型公式|sb/sthseems/seemed+不定式（1）“主語＋seem＋不定式”意為“看起來……，好像……”；其中seem與不定式一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。（2）Itseems＋that從句（3）主語＋seem（tobe）＋表語（＋todo）用于說明主語的特征或狀態(tài)，表語多為名詞或形容詞。（4）Itseemsasif/asthough….看起來好像……（5）Thereseemtobe+名詞seem的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要根據(jù)后面名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式而定。①ItseemsthatMaryhaschangedalotsinceshewenttouniversity.→Maryseemstohavechangedalotsinceshewenttouniversity.自從上大學(xué)以來，瑪麗似乎改變了很多。②Itseemsdifficulttolearnsomanynewwordsbyheartinashorttime.似乎很難在短時(shí)間內(nèi)把這么多生詞背下來。③Itseemstobehumannaturetoworry.憂慮似乎是人的天性。④Thereseemstobenohopethatbusinesswillgetbetter.生意似乎沒有好轉(zhuǎn)的希望?？键c(diǎn)一、核心單詞語法填空Physical（fit）hasnowbecomeanimportantelementinourlives.Ifyouapproacheachofyourchallengeswithcreativitythenyourlifewillbefilledadventures.Werecommend（book）ticketsearly,asthisisapopularevent.Ididn'tthinkIcouldevergetusedto（live）inabigcityafterlivinginthecountry.Wehadtokeeptrackourbelongings,andifsomethingwaslost,itwasnotreplaced．Wealwaysbelievethatevery（honor）customerisveryimportant.Thesuccessor（fail）oftheplandependsonyou.ClimbingMountHuanghadbeenmydream,butitwasnotuntillastmonththatImanagedtomake.Theremustbesomethinghappenedtohim,butwedon’tknowwhatitis.Itmaytakeafewweeksforyoutobuildupyour（strong）again.11.Eveninaweakeconomy,businessesstillcompetetalent.12.Wecarefullycomparedthefirstreportthesecondone.13.Shepretends（be）interestedinopera,butit'sonlyforshow.14.Thereisnowintense（compete）betweenschoolstoattractstudents.15.Herhusbandbecamemuch（positive）thanbeforeandwassoonbackinfull-timeemployment.16.Thereare（similar）anddifferencesbetweentheteachingofthemothertongueandaforeignlanguage.17.ButIdobelievethatemotionscanandshouldplayaroledecision-making.18.Peoplefeelmoreandmore（cheat）andgetmoreandmoreangry.9.WhenIgoondiet,Ieatonlyfruit,andthattakesoffweightquickly.考點(diǎn)二、重點(diǎn)詞塊選詞填空setanexample，giveup,comealong,athomeandabroad,takepartin,fallapart,loseheart,workoutTheplanwillifthereisnotenoughfinancialsupport.Hetoallofusbyriskinghislifetosavethedrowningboy.Thethreepartieswillmeetnextmonthtoremainingdifferences.Whenthingsaren'tgoingwell,heencouragesme,tellingmenotto.Heisunabletotoday'sbasketballgamebecauseofhisfootinjury.I’llworkattraining,nevergiveupandbereadyforthenextchancethat.Wheneverweareintrouble,wemustnever,buttrytothinkofthewayout.IamusedtoreadingChinaDailyeverymorning,asitcankeepmeinformedofthepresenteventsboth.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。【2022年浙江卷6月】Tounderstandapainting,we’retaughttolookforcolor,composition,andlight.Buthowcanapainting___36___(appreciate)bysomeonewho’sblind?Throughtouch,theonethinggallerysignstellyounot___37___(do).JohnOlson,aformer___38___(photograph)andhisteamturnpaintingsintofullytextured3Dmodels.Thetactile(可觸知的)paintingsworkasawaytoshowartto___39___blindbecausewedon’tseewithjustOureyes:Weseewithourbrains.Researchinthefieldofneuroplasticity-thebrain’sadaptability-showsthatthevisualcortex(大腦皮層)ismadeactivebytouch.Blindpeoplerecognizeshapeswiththeir___40___(exist)senses,inawaysimilartothatof___41___(sight)people,saysEllaStriem-Amit,aHarvardscientist.LucGandarias,who’snowthirteen,wentblindsuddenly___42___ageseven.Whenhefelta3DversionofLeonardodaVinci’s“MonaLisa”he___43___(notice)hersmilerightaway.”Icanactuallyfeelwhatyouseewhenyoulookatit,”hesaid.ForLuc,thismeans___44___(independent)."Thefeelingofbeingabletoseeit___45___toformmyopinionislikebreakingdownanotherwallasablindperson.”一、完形填空（湖北省鄂東南省級(jí)示范高中教育教學(xué)改革聯(lián)盟學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考）RecentlymywifeandIwereflyingacrossthecountryandwereabouttoboardourflightwhenawomansittingacrossfromusatthegatehadamedicalepisode.Icamebackfromtherestroomandsatdownnexttomywife,who1tomeandwhispered“somethingis2”.Thewomanwasslumpingovermoreandmoreandquicklylost3ofherbody.Ijumpedupandcrouchedinfrontofher,askingifshewasokay.I4myselfasDr.Joeandaskedhername.Let’scallherJackietoprotecther5.ItoldMissJackiethatI’machiropractor,notamedicaldoctor,butI’mhereforhertohelpinanywaysheneeds.InonehandI6hersandwithmyotherhandIsupportedherhead,7askingwhatwashappening.Sherevealedthatshehadaconditionwhere,whenherbodyisexposedtoalotofstressandstimulus,herbodygoesintoaparasympathetic(副交感神經(jīng))overdrive.Jackie8tomethatshe’shadthisconditionforthirtyyearsandwillbe“perfectlyfineinjustabit”.Shesaidsheforgothermedical9athomewhensheflewacrossthecountrytovisitherdaughterandgrandkids.Iaskedherifsheneededhelpsittingupandneededawheelchairtoboardtheplane,tobothofwhichshesaidyes.Iaskedmywifeto10agateagentandrequestawheelchair.IstayedbehindtoensureJackie11safelyonboard,butduetosome12,thegateagent,andamanager,thoughtJackiewashavingastroke(中風(fēng)).IadvocatedforJackie,explainingthat,despiteherforgettingherpapers,herconditionwill13ease.Theemployeesoftheairlineagreedtoletherboardwithmyassistanceand,justlikeJackiesaid,shewasperfectlyfinewithinmerelytwentyminutes.Fortunately,Jackiejustneededsomeonetolistentoherandfightforher.Don’tbe14toreachouttostrangersand15.Everyonehastheirownbattlesandstruggles,sometimeswejustneedsomeonetocare.1．A．pulledover B．stoodup C．leanedin D．lookedforward2．A．a(chǎn)mazing B．extreme C．challenging D．wrong3．A．track B．control C．contact D．power4．A．viewed B．a(chǎn)dmired C．introduced D．pretended5．A．identity B．detail C．personality D．grace6．A．packed B．a(chǎn)ccommodated C．held D．sheltered7．A．contentedly B．formally C．a(chǎn)wkwardly D．carefully8．A．explained B．lectured C．summarized D．commented9．A．registrationforms B．a(chǎn)pplicationforms C．papers D．schedules10．A．a(chǎn)rrange B．fetch C．collect D．a(chǎn)ddress11．A．madeit B．gotit C．boughtit D．a(chǎn)skedforit12．A．misinformation B．miscom