2024年全國成考（專升本）之英語（專升本）考試高頻題詳細參考解析795

姓名:_________________編號:_________________地區(qū):_________________省市:_________________ 密封線 姓名:_________________編號:_________________地區(qū):_________________省市:_________________ 密封線 密封線 全國成考（專升本）考試重點試題精編注意事項:1.全卷采用機器閱卷，請考生注意書寫規(guī)范；考試時間為120分鐘。2.在作答前，考生請將自己的學校、姓名、班級、準考證號涂寫在試卷和答題卡規(guī)定位置。

3.部分必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題部分必須使用黑色簽字筆書寫，字體工整，筆跡清楚。

4.請按照題號在答題卡上與題目對應的答題區(qū)域內規(guī)范作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效:在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。一、選擇題

1、TomhadonceworkedinacityofficeinLondon,butnowheisoutofwork.Hehadalargefamily?tosupport,soheoftenfoundhimselfindifficulty.HeoftenvisitedMr.WhiteonSundays,toldhimabout?histroubles,andaskedfortwoorthreepounds.Mr.White,amanwithakindheart,founditdifficulttorefusethemoney,thoughhehimself?waspoor.TomhadalreadyreceivedmorethanthirtypoundsfromMr.White,buthealwaysseemed?tobeinneedofsomemore.Oneday,aftertellingMr.Whitealongstoryofhistroubles,Tomaskedforfivepounds.Mr.Whitehadheardthissortofthingbefore,buthelistenedpatientlytotheend.Thenhe?said,"Iunderstandyourdifficulties,Tom.I′dliketohelpyou.ButI′mnotgoingtogiveyoufive?poundsthistime.I′11lendyouthemoney,andyoucanpaymeoffnexttimeyouseeme."Tomtookthemoney,butheneverappearedagain.AltogetherTomreceived__________fromMr.White.A.atleastthirty-fivepoundsB.exactlythirty-fivepoundsC.lessthanthirtypoundsD.fivepounds

2、Menhavetraveledeversincetheyfirstappearedontheearth.Inprimitivetimestheydidnottravelforpleasurebuttofindnewplaceswheretheirherdscouldfeed,ortoescapefromhostileneighbors,ortofindmorefavorableclimates.Theytraveledonfoot.TheirJourneyswerelong,tiring,andoftendangerous.Theyprotectedthemselveswithsimpleweapons,suchaswoodensticksorstoneclubs,andbylightingfiresatnightand,aboveall,bykeepingtogether.Beingintelligentandcreative,theysoondiscoveredeasierwaysoftraveling.Theyrodeonthebacksoftheirdomesticatedanimals;theyhollowedoutthreetrunksand,byusingbitsofwoodaspaddles,wereabletotravelacrosswater.Latertheytraveled,notfromnecessity,butforthejoyandexcitementofseeingandexperiencingnewthings.Thisisstillthemainreasonwhywetraveltoday.Traveling,ofcourse,hasnowbecomehighlyorganizedbusiness.Therearecarsandsplendidroads,expresstrains,hugeshipsandjetairliners,allofwhichprovideuswithcomfortsandsecurity.Thissoundswonderful.Buttherearedifficulties.Ifyouwanttogoabroad,youneedapassportandavisa,ticket,luggage,andahundredofotherthings.Ifyouloseanyofthem,yourjourneymayberuined.Inthesentence“...toescapefromhostileneighbors...”,theword“hostile”means____.（）A.talkativeB.hot-headedC.enthusiasticD.unfriendly

3、ManypeoplebelievethatAmericanslovetheircarsalmostmorethananythingelse.Theyare21aboutcars.Notonlyisthecarthe22meansoftransportationintheStates,ithas23becomea“plaything”.24thetimeyoungstersbecomefourteenyearsoldoreven25,they'relikelytostart26ofhavingtheirowncars.IntheUSA,the27family,ifthefatherisnot28work,canaffordtobuyanewcareveryfiveyears.However,manyyoungpeople29afterschoolinordertosavemoneytobuyacar.Learningtodriveandgettingadriverlicensemaybeoneofthemostexciting30ofayoungperson'slife.Driver31isoneofthemostpopularcourses.Attheendofthecoursethestudentwill32adrivingtestforalicense.33many,thatpieceofpapermeansthattheyhavegrownup.IntheUnitedStates,manymenandwomen34tohavecars.Peopleusecarstogotowork.35drivecarstogoshopping,totakethechildrentoschoolorforotheractivities.A.crazyB.cautionsC.angryD.concerned

4、Itoldhimthenews____sohecouldn'thaveforgotten.（）A.withparticularB.inparticularC.inspecialD.withspecial

5、Ifwomenaremercilesslyexploited(剝削)yearafteryear,theyareonlythemselvestoblame.Becausetheytrembleatthethoughtofbeingseeninpublicinclothesthatareoutoffashion,theyarealwaystakenadvantageofbythedesignersandthebigstores.Clotheswhichhavebeenwornonlyafewtimeshavetobeputasidebecauseofthechangeoffashion.Whenyoucometothinkofit,onlyawomaniscapableofstandinginfrontofawardrobe(衣柜)packedfullofclothesandannouncingsadlythatshehasnothingtowear.Changingfashionsarenothingmorethantheintentionalcreationofwaste.Manywomenspendvastsumsofmoneyeachyeartoreplacelothesthathavehardlybeenworn.Womenwhocannotaffordtothrowawayclothinginthisway,wastehoursoftheirtimealteringthedressestheyhave.Skirtsarelengthenedorshortened;necklinesareloweredorraised,andsoon.Noonecanclaimthatthefashionindustrycontributesanythingreallyimportanttosociety.Fashiondesignersarerarelyconcernedwithvitalthingslikewarmth,comfortanddurability(耐用).Theyareonlyinterestedinoutwardappearanceandtheytakeadvantageofthefactthatwomenwillputupwithanyamountofdiscomfort,aslongastheylookright.Therecanhardlybeamanwhohasn'tatsometimeinhislifesmiledatthesightofawomanshakinginathindressonawinterday,delicatelypickingherwaythroughdeepsnowinhigh-heeledshoes.Whencomparingmenandwomeninthematteroffashiontheconclusionstobedrawnareobvious.Dotheconstantlychangingfashionofwomen'sclothes,onewonders,reflectbasicqualitiesofinconstancyandinstability?Menaretooclevertoletthemselvesbetreatedbyfashiondesigners.Dotheirunchangingstylesofdressreflectbasicqualitiesofstabilityandfeasibility?That'sforyoutodecide.Thewriterwouldbelesscriticaliffashiondesignersplacedmorestressonthe____ofclothing.（）A.costB.appearanceC.comfortD.suitability

6、The“EarthHour”movement—initiatedbytheWorldWildlifeFundissettobemarkedaroundtheworld.Inanefforttobringattentiontoglobalclimatechange,thegroupiscallingforlightstobeturnedoffacrosstheglobebetween8:30p.m.and9:30p.m.onSaturday.SomeofthemostfamousplacesinChinawilljoin“EarthHour”.TheBird'sNestandtheWaterCubeinBeijingandtheOrientalPearlBroadcastingTowerinShanghaiwillswitchofftheirlightsforonehouronSaturdayevening.Citizens,communities,andcompaniesaroundthecountryaredoingtheirparttoorganizeandpromotethemovement.Sofar,morethan2,400citiesfrom81countriesand1billionpeoplefromaroundtheworldhavejoined“EarthHour”.UNSecretaryGeneralBanKi-moonisurgingmorepeopletoparticipateandmakesomecontributiontotheeffortsagainstglobalwarming.“EarthHour”beganinSydneyin2007.In3years,ithasgrownintooneoftheworld'slargestjointactionsdealingwithclimatechange.OnMarch31st,2007,over2.2millionhomesandbusinessesinSydneyswitchedofftheirlightsforonehour.Itwasestimatedthatelectricitysavedduringthathourcouldsustain200,000TVsetsforonehour.Asanaddedreward,Sydneyresidentsjoiningthemovementsaidtheycouldseemorestarsthaneverduringthatnight.Afterthat,“EarthHour”spreadaroundtheworldatanamazingspeed.In2008,fromOceaniatoAsia,fromEuropetoAmerica,50millionpeopleswitchedofftheirlights.Moreandmorepeoplehavebeenjoiningthe“EarthHour”movementandcontributingintheirownwaytosaveourplanet.Whichorganizationstartedthe“EarthHour”movement?（）A.UnitedNationsB.TheWorldTradeorganizationC.TheWorldWildlifeFundD.AChineseorganization

7、Allthehousewiveswhowenttothenewsupermarkethadonegreatambition:tobetheluckycustomerwhodidnothavetopayforhershopping.Forthiswaswhatthenoticejustinsidetheentrancepromised.Itsaid:“Remember,onceaweek,oneofourcustomersgetsfreegoods.ThisMayBeYourLuckyDay!”ForseveralweeksMrs.Edwardshoped,likemanyofherfriends,tobetheluckycustomer.Unlikeherfriends,shenevergaveuphoping.Thecupboardsinkitchenwerefullofthingswhichshedidnotneed．Herhusbandtriedtoadviseheragainstbuyingthingsbutfailed.Shedreamedofthedaywhenthemanagerofthesupermarketwouldapproachherandsay,“Madam,thisisYourLuckyDay.Everythinginyourbasketisfree.”O(jiān)neFridaymorning,aftershehadfinishedhershoppingandhadtakenittohercar,shefoundthatshehadforgottentobuyanytea.Shedashedbacktothesupermarket,gottheteaandwenttowardsthecash-desk.Asshedidso,shesawthemanagerofthesupermarketapproachher.“Madam,”hesaid,holdingouthishand,“Iwanttocongratulateyou!Youareourluckycustomerandeverythingyouhaveinyourbasketisfree!”WhydidMrs.Edwardswentbacktothesupermarket?（）A.BecauseshewantedtobealuckypersonB.BecauseshetalkedtothemanagerC.BecausesheboughtanotherthingD.Becauseshepaidforsomething

8、--Whodidyouspendtheholidaywith?（）A.Smith'sB.TheSmithsC.SmithsD.TheSmith's

9、BEIJING(AssociatedPress)--Chinahasagrowingmiddleclass,atradition(傳統(tǒng))ofexpectingeducationand21millionnewbabieseveryyear.Sellingeducationaltoysshouldbeeasy.WhileChinamaybetheworld'sbiggesttoy-maker.Muchofthebestisexported(出口).Departmentstoresheredonothaveenoughhigh-qualitytoys.Itissaidthatthedemandforeducationaltoysislow.AUscompany,BabyCare,istryingtochangethatwithanewwaytoselltoysinChina.BabyCareworksbasicallytogetherwithdoctorsinBeijinghospitals.Peoplewhojointhecompany's"mother'sclub"getlecturesandnewslettersonbabyandchilddevelopmentatnoextracost--iftheyagreetospend18dollarsamonthonthecompany'seducationaltoysandchildcarebooks.“Wewanttobuildaseven-yearrelationshipwiththosepeople,"saidMatthewJ.Estes,BabyCare'spresident."Itstartsduringpregnancy(孕期),whentheanxietyandneedsarehighest."BabyCareworksonaone-to-onebasis.Doctors,nurses,andteachers-paidbyBabyCareadviseparents,explainingtoysthataredesignedforchildrenateachstage(階段)ofdevelopment,toagesix.BabyCareopeneditsfirststoreinChinalastJuneinashoppingcenterincentralBeijingandanothernearBeijingZoo.Itplanstohave80storesinChinawithinsixyears.ItisanewmodelforChinaanddevelopsamarketinyoungchildren'seducationandhealththatnoothercompaniesarein.BabyCareisdevelopingitsbusinessinChinaby____.（）A.openingstoresinBeijinghospitalsB.offering18-monthcoursesonchild-careC.settingupchildren’seducationcentersD.formingcloserelationshipswithparents

10、ItwasAnn′sfirstexperienceofflying..Shehadalwaysbeenafraidofheightsandsowasprepared?tobefrightened.Onlythefactthatshewasgoingtomeethersonwhoshehadnotseenfor?threeyearshadgivenherthecouragetomaketheflight.Shesatinherseat,herhandsgrippingitsarms,herseatbeltalreadyfastened.Theairhostess?wastalking,tellingeveryonewhattodoincaseofemergency,showingthemwheretheirlife-jackets?were.Theplanewascrowded,andeveryseatwasfull.Fromherwindowseat,gettingoutinahurry?wouldbeimpossible,thoughtAnn.Inanycasewhowouldwanttogetoutofaplaneinmid-air?Theenginesbegantoshake--thenoiseincreasedtillitwaslikeagreatrushingwind.She?lookedouttoseetherunwayslippastatastonishingspeed.Shewantedtocryout--tostoptheplane?beforeitlefttheground,butsheknewshewastrappedinthisgreatroaringmachine.Imustscream,shetoldherself,andputherhandsoverhereyes.Therewasastrangefeelingasifsheweregoingupinalift.Thenoisedieddown.Carefullyshe?openedhereyes.Throughthewindowshesawagreatcarpetofcloudabove,sobeautifulthatshe?staredinwonder,hardlyturningawayfromthewindowtilltheytoucheddown.WhydidAnnwanttoscream?《》（）A.Becausetheplanedidn'tleavethegroundB.Becauseshecouldn'tmaketheplanestopC.Becauseshecouldn'thearthewindD.Becauseshecouldn'tseetherunway

11、Henrywillnotmeetyoutonightbecause____.（）A.hemusttakealessonB.hewillbetakingalessonC.hewilltakealessonD.hewillhavetakenalesson

12、Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatitispainful?Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.Duringthehourswhenyoulabourthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyouare“hot”.That'strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringtheforenoon.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologues（自言自語）as:“Getup,John!You'llbelateforworkagain!”ThepossibleexplanationtothetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteract（對抗）yourcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou'llgetupsteam（鼓起干勁）andworkbetteratyourlowpoint.Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithaleisurelyyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,doroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.Youareadvisedtorisewithayawnandstretchbecauseitwill____.（）A.helptokeepyourenergyfortheday'sworkB.helpyoutocontrolyourtemperearlyinthedayC.enableyoutoconcentrateonyourroutineworkD.keepyourenergycycleundercontrolallday

13、選出發(fā)音與其他不同的一項A.weaponB.wholeC.waterD.wonder

14、Billingpitchedsowell____everyonecheeredhimattheendofthegame.（）A.asB.sinceC.thatD.whereas

15、Teachersaresomeofthemostimportantprofessionalsintheworld.Theyareresponsible（21）preparingfuturegenerationstobecomeproductiveandhonestcitizens，whowill（22）tosocietyforthewholeoftheiradultlife.Obviously，themostcommonreason（23）teachersdecidetoteachistheabilitytomakeadifference.Therearemanyprofessionsthatgivepeopletheabilitytohavea（n）（24）impactontheworldandchangepeople'slives，（25）fewprofessionshaveadirectimpacton（26）abettersocietyasteachersdo.Peopletendto（27）theirteachersforyearsaftertheyfinishschool，forgoodteacherscan（28）theirstudentstobecomesomethingthatthey（29）thoughttheycouldbe，ortowork（30）afieldthattheythoughttheydidnot（31）.Teachersarealsoimportantbecausetheyprovide（32）fortheirstudents.Incertainiow-incomeareas（33）somestudentsmaynothavebothoftheirparents（34），teacherscanprovideanimportantinfluencethathelpstheirstudentsmaketheright（35），evenwhentheyarenotintheclassroom.Generally，teachers'impactonstudentscanlastallthroughtheirlife.第（33）題選查看材料A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which

16、Climate,morethananyothersinglefactor,determinesthedistributionoflifeonearth.Climaticboundariesestablishthelimitswhichorganismscansurvive.Plants,evenmorethananimals,mustbewelladaptedtoclimateinordertosurvive.Theycannotmoveaboutortakeshelterbutmustbeequippedtoendurewhateverweatherconditionsarelikelytooccur.Intheharshconditionsofthetundra,forexample,lowgrowingmosses,lichens,andafewfloweringplantsallhugthegroundforshelterfromicywinds.Animal,despitetheirabilitytomoveaboutandfindshelter,arejustasmuchinfluencedbyclimateasplantsare.Creaturessuchasthecamelandthepenguinaresohighlyspecializedthattheyhaveanextremelylimiteddistribution.Others,suchasbearsareflexibleenoughtoadapttoabroadrangeofclimates.Oceandwellingorganismsarejustassensitivetoclimaticchanges--inthiscasetemperatureandsalinity--aslandanimals.Reefcoralscansurviveonlyinclearwarmseawater.Certainforaminifersaresosensitivetochangesintheirenvironmentthattheirpresencecanbetakenasanindexofseatemperature.Humanbeingsareamongtheleastspecializedofallanimalsandcanlivealmostanywhere.Theirclothesandtheirhomesactasasortof〝miniatureclimate"thatcanbetakenwiththemeverywhere.Accordingtothepassage,humanbeingscansurvivealmosteverywhereonearthbecause____.（）A.theyhavedevelopedadvancedformsoftransportationB.theyhavelearnedhowtoprocessseawaterfordrinkingC.theirbodytemperaturecanvaryconsiderablyD.theirsheltersandclotheshelpthemtoadaptthemselvestotheenvironment

17、Haveyoueverarguedwithyourlovedonesoversimplemisunderstandings（誤解）?Littlewonder.Weoftenbelievewe′remoreskillfulingettingourpointacrossthanweactuallyare,accordingtoBoza?Keysar,aprofessorattheUniversityofChicago.Inhisrecentstudy,speakerstriedtoexpresstheir?meaningsusingunclearsentences.Speakerswhothoughtlistenersunderstoodwerewrongnearlyhalfthe?time.Here′ssomegoodadvicetoreducemisunderstanding:（1）Don′ttrustwhatyouseefromthelistener.Listenersoftennod,lookatyouorsay"uhhuh"to?bepoliteormovetheconversationalong.Butit′seasytoconsidertheseassignsofunderstanding.（2）Traintheeditor（編輯）inyourhead.Ifyousay,"Bethdiscussesherproblemswithher?husband,"it′snotclearwhethershe′stalkingtoherhusbandorabouthim.Tryinstead,"Beth?talkstoherhusbandaboutherproblems."or"Bethtalkstoothersabouttheproblemswithher?husband."（3）Asklistenerstorepeatyourmessage.Introduceyourrequestbysaying"I?wanttobesureIsaid?thatright."Questionslike"Howdoesthatsound?"or"Doesthatmakesense?"mayalsowork.（4）Listenwell.Whenonthereceivingend,askquestionstobesureyou′reonthesame?page.Afterall,itisn′tjustthespeaker′sjobtomakehisspeechunderstood.Inthelastparagraph,thewords"you′reonthesamepage"meanthat__________A.you'refollowingthespeakercloselyB.you'rereadingthesamepageasthespeakerdoesC.youshouldknowwhichpagethespeakerreferstoD.yourstoryiswrittenonthesamepageasthespeaker's

18、Itseemsthatbeautyandwomenaretwins.Youarejoking?No,Iamnot.Observeforyourself.AdsonfashionfloodTVscreens,radioprograms,magazines,newspapers,andthestreets.Whethertheyhaverealizedornot,womenarebesieged（包圍）byaseaoffashion.Theyaretaughttothinkthatwithoutbeautifulclothestheywillgrowoldandlosetheircharm.Sowhodarestoneglectdressingupatthecostoftheirappearanceandyouth?ButIdonotagreewiththeopinionthatwomenhavetoshowtheirbeautythroughtheirlooks.Therichnessoftheirmindprovestobemorebeautifulandattractivethantheirlooks.Awomanwhohasexperiencedmanytroublesandmaybecalled“aunt”or“granny”canstillmaintainherbeautyifshehassuchexcellentqualitiesasknowledge,ability,akindheart,greatcourageandconcernforothers.Inaddition,oldandyoung,beautifulanduglyarerelativeconcepts.Peoplewhokeepayoungmindwillneverfeelold.Curiousaboutnewthingsandeagertolearnmore,theykeepupwiththetide.Plainlydressedwomenmayhaveatypeofbeauty,whichispureandreal.Readingandlearningisthebestwaytokeeponeyouthful.Goodbooksarefertilesoilwhichcanfeedtheflowerofone'sheartandlooks.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?（）A.Howeveroldsheis,awomenwithsomeexcellentqualitiescanstillmaintainherbeautyB.Asawomengrowsold,herbeautywillgraduallydisappearC.EvenaplainlydressedwomanmayhavepureandrealbeautyD.Awomenwithayoungmindneverfeelsold

19、Asmytrainwasn'tduetoleaveforanotherhour,Ihadplentyoftimetospare.Afterbuyingsomenewspaperstoreadonthejourney,ImademywaytotheluggageofficetocollecttheheavysuitcaseIhadlefttherethreedaysbefore.Therewereonlyafewpeoplewaiting,andItookoutmywallettofindthereceiptformycase.Thereceiptdidn'tseemtobewhereIhadleftit.Iemptiedthecontentsofthewallet,andrailway-tickets,money,scrapsofpaper,andphotographsfelloutofit;butnomatterhowhardIsearched,thereceiptwasnowheretobefound.Whenmyturncame,Iexplainedthesituationsorrowfullytotheassistant.Themanlookedatmesuspiciouslyasiftosaythathehadheardthistypeofstorymanytimesandaskedmetodescribethecase.Itoldhimthatitwasanold,brown-lookingobject,nodifferentfromthemanycasesIcouldseeontheshelves.Theassistantthengavemeaformandtoldmetomakealistofthechiefcontentsofthecase.Iftheywerecorrect,hesaid,Icouldtakethecaseaway.ItriedtorememberallthearticlesIhadhurriedlypackedandwrotethemdownastheycametome.AfterIhaddonethis,Iwenttolookamongtheshelves.Therewerehundredsofcasesthereandforonedreadfulmoment,itoccurredtomethatifsomeonehadpickedthereceiptup,hecouldhaveeasilyclaimedthecasealready.Thishadn'thappenedfortunately,forafteratimeIfoundthecaselyingonitssidehighupinacorner.Afterexaminingthearticlesinside,theassistantwassoonsatisfiedthatitwasmineandtoldmeIcouldtakethecaseaway.AgainItookoutmywallet:thistimetopay.Ipulledoutten-shillingnoteandthe"lost"receiptslippedoutwithit.Icouldn'thelpblushingandlookedupattheassistant.Hewasnoddinghisheadknowingly,asiftosaythathehadoftenseenthishappenbeforetoo!Whenthewriterexplainedhissituation,theassistant.（）A.respondedquicklysayingitwasB.believedhimC.gaveasuspiciouslookasmuchastosayhehadheardsuchstoriesbeforeD.justtookhisstoryasajoke

20、Spaceisadangerousplace,notonlybecauseofmeteorsbutalsobecauseofraysfromthesun?andotherstars.Theatmosphereagainactsasourprotectiveblanketonearth.Lightgetsthrough,and?thisisessentialforplantstomakethefoodwhichweeat.Heat,too,makesourenvironmentendurable.Variouskindsofrayscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunarescreenedoff.Assoonasmenleavetheatmospheretheyareexposedtothisradiation.Buttheirspacesuitsorthewallsoftheirspacecraft,iftheyareinside,dopreventalotofradiationdamage.Radiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspace.Theunitofradiationiscalled"rein".Scientistshavereasontothinkthatamancanputupwithfarmoreradiationthan0.1rem?withoutbeingdamaged;thefigureof60remshasbeenagreedon.Thetroubleisthatitisextremely?difficulttobesureaboutradiationdamage—apersonmayfeelperfectlywell,butthecellsofhisor?hersexorgansmaybedamaged,andthiswillnotbediscovereduntilthebirthofdeformed(畸形的)childrenorevengrandchildren.MissionsoftheApolloflightshavehadtocrossbeltsofhighradiation?and,duringtheoutwardandreturnjourneys,theApollocrewaccumulatedalargeamountofrems.So?far,nodangerousamountsofradiationhavebeenreported,buttheApollomissionshavebeenquite?short.Wesimplydonotknowyethowmenaregoingtogetonwhentheyspendweeksandmonths?outsidetheprotectionoftheatmosphere,workinginaspacelaboratory.Drugsmighthelptodecrease?thedamagedonebyradiation,butnoreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe__A.TheAtmosphereandOurEnvironmentB.ResearchonRadiationC.EffectsofSpaceRadiationD.ImportanceofProtectionAgainstRadiation

21、根據以下材料，回答問題。Inouronlinelife,weneedtousepasswordsfrequently.Weusepasswords21e-mail,gamingsites,socialnetworkingsites,andothershoppingsites.22,thepasswordsmostpeopleusearenotvery23andcaneasilybe"broken"byothers.Infact,themostcommonlyusedpasswordsaresosimplethatitrequiresvery24efforttofigurethemout.Canyouguess25themostcommonlyusedpasswordsareTheyare:Namesofbaseballteams,birthdatesofafamily26,theyearofaspecialsportsevent,therandomnumberslike156468,27thenameofafriend,pet,favoriteTVstar,orband.Thereareprograms28tobreakintopeople'sonlineaccounts.Theseprogramsare29oftryingeverywordintheEnglishdictionaryandthedictionaries30manyforeignlanguages,intheirefforttobreakintoanaccount.31canevensearchwordsbackward.Somewilltry32wordsorwordsthatarefollowedbynumbers,33school222.Theseprogramscantestmillionsofpasswordsinafewminutes.So,youareadvisedtobecarefulabout34passwordssothattheywillbehardtobreak.Youarealsoadvisednottomakethem35hardtoremember.Meanwhile,youneedtochangethemonceinawhile.

22、DeepinsideamountainnearSweetwaterinEastTennesseeisabady?ofwaterknownastheLost?Sea.ItislistedbytheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsastheworld′slargestundergroundlake.TheLostSeaispartofanextensiveandhistoriccavesystemcalledCraigheadCaverns.ThecavernshavebeenknownandusedsincethedaysoftheCherokeeIndiannation.Thecave?expandsintoaseriesofhugeroomsfromasmallopeningonthesideofthemountain.Approximately?onemilefromtheentrance,inaroomcalled-TheCouncilRoom",manyIndianartifactshavebeen?found.Someoftheitemsdiscoveredincludepottery,arrowheads,weapons,andjewelry.Formanyyearstherewerepersistentrumorsofalargeundergroundlakesomewhereinacave,butitwasnotdiscovereduntil1905.Inthatyear,athirteen-year-oldboynamedBenSandscrawledthroughasmallopeningthreehundredfeetunderground.:Hefoundhimselfinalargecavehalffilled?withwater.TodaytouristsvisittheLostSeaandridefaroutontoitinglass-bottomedboatspoweredbyelectricmotors.Morethanthirteenacresofwaterhavebeenmappedoutsofarandstillnoendtothelakehasbeenfound.EventhoughteamsofdivershavetriedtoexploretheLostSea,thefullextentofit