選擇性必修第四冊　Unit 2　Iconic Attractions-2025英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義人教版

Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會意1．iconicadj.符號的；圖標(biāo)的2．didgeridoon．迪吉里杜管3．equatorn．赤道4．barbecuen．(abbr.BBQ)戶外燒烤；烤架5．butchern．肉販；屠夫；劊子手6．premieradj.最著名的；第一的；首要的n．總理；首相7．herbn．藥草；香草；草本8．dimsim(特指澳大利亞的)點心9．hollowadj.中空的；空心的10．vibratevt.&vi.(使)振動11．hornn．(樂器)號12．pitchn．音高13．slogann．標(biāo)語；口號14．primeminister首相；總理15．frogn．蛙；青蛙16．getawayn．適合度假的地方17．kayakingn．劃皮艇18．domainn．領(lǐng)域；領(lǐng)土；范圍19．libertyn．自由20．golfn．高爾夫球運動21．straitn．海峽22．monumentn．紀(jì)念碑(或館、堂、像等)；歷史遺跡23．kiwin．幾維(新西蘭鳥)24．geysern．間歇泉25．sulphuricpool硫黃池26．manukahoney麥盧卡蜂蜜27．bungeejumping蹦極跳28．geothermalpark地?zé)峁珗@29．pouchn．育兒袋；小袋子；荷包30．phasen．階段；時期31．mammaln．哺乳動物Ⅱ.重點單詞——記形1．bakeryn．面包(糕餅)店；面包廠2．jointn．公共場所(尤指價格低廉的飲食和娛樂場所)；關(guān)節(jié)adj.聯(lián)合的；共同的3．straightforwardadj.坦率的；簡單的4．ministern．部長；大臣；外交使節(jié)5．a(chǎn)rrown．箭；箭頭6．entitlevt.給……命名(或題名)；使享有權(quán)利7．divevi.&n．潛水；跳水；俯沖8．sponsorvt.倡議；贊助；主辦n．(法案等的)倡議者；贊助者9．samplen．樣本；樣品10．temporaryadj.暫時的；短暫的11．trunkn．樹干12．sessionn．一場；一段時間；會議13．nestn．巢穴；鳥窩；秘密窩點14．hatchvi.孵出；破殼vt.使孵出；策劃；(尤指)密謀15．fencen．柵欄；圍欄16．prisonn．監(jiān)獄；監(jiān)禁17．grandadj.大；宏大的Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變1．foundationn．創(chuàng)建；基礎(chǔ)；地基→foundvt.創(chuàng)辦；創(chuàng)建；建立→foundern．創(chuàng)建者；創(chuàng)始人2．politicaladj.政治的→politicsn．政治；政治學(xué)→politiciann．政治家；政客3．locatedadj.位于→locatevt.找出……的位置；把……設(shè)置(在)；使……坐落(于)→locationn．地點；位置4．freedomn．自由；不受……影響的狀態(tài)→freeadj.自由的；空閑的；免費的vt.釋放；使擺脫；解除5．distributionn．分布；分配；分發(fā)→distributevt.分發(fā)；分配；分布6．licensedadj.得到正式許可的→licensevt.批準(zhǔn)；許可n．(＝licence)許可證；執(zhí)照7．frequencyn．發(fā)生率；重復(fù)率；(聲波或電磁波振動的)頻率→frequentadj.頻繁的→frequentlyadv.頻繁地8．violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violencen．暴力；暴行→violentlyadv.粗暴地；強烈地9．biologyn．生理；生物學(xué)→biologicaladj.生物學(xué)的→biologistn．生物學(xué)家10．capacityn．能力；容量→capableadj.有能力的；能干的1．persistence/p?'sIst?ns/n．堅持；鍥而不舍→persistent/p?'sIst?nt/adj.執(zhí)著的；持續(xù)的→persist/p?'sIst/vi.&vt.堅持；執(zhí)意2．conclusively/k?n'klu?sIvli/adv.不容置疑地→conclusive/k?n'klu?sIv/adj.結(jié)論性的；不容置疑的3．equivalent/I'kwIv?l?nt/n．相等的東西；對應(yīng)物adj.相等的；相同的4．credibility/?kred?'bIl?ti/n．可信性；可靠性5．reinforce/?ri?In'f??s/vt.加強；加深；加固6．counsel/'ka?nsl/n．勸告；忠告；建議vt.提供專業(yè)咨詢；建議；勸告7．giveforth詳述；發(fā)表(著作、意見等)；發(fā)出(香味、聲音等)8．diligence/'dIlId??ns/n．勤奮；用功→diligent/'dIlId??nt/adj.勤勉的；刻苦的9．wit/wIt/n．(說話)機智風(fēng)趣；說話風(fēng)趣的人；穎悟力→witty/'wIti/adj.機智的；言辭詼諧的10．subtle/'s?tl/adj.細(xì)微的；微妙的；巧妙的；敏銳的Ⅳ.背核心短語1．peakseason高峰季節(jié)2．a(chǎn)flockof一群(羊或鳥)3．a(chǎn)handfulof少數(shù)人(或物)；一把(的量)4．majorin主修5．sharesthwithsb和某人分享某物6．benativeto源于……的；原產(chǎn)于；土生土長于7．learnabout了解8．incontactwith和……聯(lián)系9．a(chǎn)greewith同意；贊同10．makeup組成；構(gòu)成11．beagainst反對；違背；違反Ⅴ.悟經(jīng)典句式1．Ican’twaittoseeallofthem！(can’twaittodosth迫不及待做某事)我迫不及待想見到所有這一切！2．Mostoftheirmusicalinstrumentsarereallyjuststicksfoundontheground，amongwhichthereisanamazinginstrumentcalledthedidgeridoo.(“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句)他們的大多數(shù)樂器其實就是在地上找到的樹枝，其中有一種叫作迪吉里杜管的神奇樂器。3．Itriedtolearnhowtoplayit，butaftertryingforhours，IwasconvincedthatIcouldnevermakeamusicalsoundwiththisinstrument！(beconvincedthat...堅信/確信……)我試著學(xué)習(xí)吹奏方法，但經(jīng)過好幾個小時的努力，我只能確信我永遠(yuǎn)都無法用這個樂器發(fā)出樂聲！4．ItissaidthatnownearlyhalfofallAustraliancitizenswereeitherbornoverseasorhaveparentswhowerebornoverseas.(either...or...要么……要么……)據(jù)說現(xiàn)在近一半的澳大利亞公民要么自己出生于海外，要么父母出生于海外。5．Thenoisetheymadecouldwakethedead.(修辭手法之夸張)它們發(fā)出來的噪聲可以吵醒死人。6．Thereareonlyasmallhandfulofanimalsintheworldthatcandothat！(Therebe＋n.＋定語從句)世界上只有很少的動物可以那樣做?、?閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共10分)1．iconicadj.符號的；圖標(biāo)的2．libertyn．自由3．straitn．海峽4．monumentn．紀(jì)念碑(或館、堂、像等)；歷史遺跡5．premieradj.最著名的；第一的；首要的n．總理；首相6．herbn．藥草；香草；草本7．phasen．階段；時期8．vibratevt.&vi.(使)振動9．getawayn．適合度假的地方10．slogann．標(biāo)語；口號Ⅱ.重點單詞(每小題1.5分，共15分)1．entitlevt.給……命名(或題名)；使享有權(quán)利2．jointn．公共場所(尤指價格低廉的飲食和娛樂場所)；關(guān)節(jié)adj.聯(lián)合的；共同的3．straightforwardadj.坦率的；簡單的4．sponsorvt.倡議；贊助；主辦n．(法案等的)倡議者；贊助者5．sessionn．一場；一段時間；會議6．grandadj.大；宏大的7．divevi.&n．潛水；跳水；俯沖8．hatchvi.孵出；破殼vt.使孵出；策劃；(尤指)密謀9．samplen．樣本；樣品10．temporaryadj.暫時的；短暫的Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題2分，共10分)1．foundationn．創(chuàng)建；基礎(chǔ)；地基→foundvt.創(chuàng)辦；創(chuàng)建；建立→foundern．創(chuàng)建者；創(chuàng)始人2．politicaladj.政治的→politicsn．政治；政治學(xué)→politiciann．政治家；政客3．licensedadj.得到正式許可的→licensevt.批準(zhǔn)；許可n．(＝licence)許可證；執(zhí)照4．violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violencen．暴力；暴行→violentlyadv.粗暴地；強烈地5．biologyn．生理；生物學(xué)→biologicaladj.生物學(xué)的→biologistn．生物學(xué)家Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共5分)1．persistencen．堅持；鍥而不舍2．diligencen．勤奮；用功→diligentadj.勤勉的；刻苦的3．subtleadj.細(xì)微的；微妙的；巧妙的；敏銳的4．equivalentn．相等的東西；對應(yīng)物adj.相等的；相同的5．counseln．勸告；忠告；建議vt.提供專業(yè)咨詢；建議；勸告Ⅴ.核心短語(每小題2分，共10分)1．makeup組成；構(gòu)成2．sharesthwithsb和某人分享某物3．peakseason高峰季節(jié)4．incontactwith和……聯(lián)系5．beagainst反對；違背；違反Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題2.5分，共15分)1．Iamkeenonbiology，soIhaveagoodknowledgeofbiologicalterms.Inthefuture，Idesiretobeabiologist.(biology)2．HeiscapableofmemorizingfiftyEnglishwordsinfiveminutes，sohehasthecapacitytounderstandthedifficultEnglisharticle.(capable)3．Helongedtobefreeofhisresponsibilities，andthenhehadthefreedomtodowhatheliked.(free)4．Icancertainlytellyouthelocationofthelibrary.Itislocatedinthewestofthecampus.(locate)5．Hewenttothehospitaltoseeherfrequently，twiceadayinfact.Thehighfrequencyfinallymadeherfallinlovewithhim.(frequent)6．Thebooksinthelibraryaredistributedaccordingtosubjects，soyoucaneasilyfindthebookyoulikebasedonthedistribution(s)．(distribute)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題2.5分，共15分)eq\x(benativeto，aflockof，ahandfulof，majorin，learnabout，agreewith)1．Hemajorsinmanagementinformationsystemandwantstostudyabroadinthefuture.2．Teachersoftenorganizeexaminationswiththeaimoflearningabouttheprogressofeachstudent.3．WhenIwokeup，aflockofbirdswassingingacheerfulmorningchorusintheyard.4．Thefactthatnobodyagreeswithmyideamakesmeburstintotears.5．Asweallknow，thegiantpandaisnativetoChina.6．Bythetimehewas15，Scotthadperformedwithahandfulofwell-knownsmallbands.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題4分，共20分)1．我們所有學(xué)生都迫不及待地想去附近的農(nóng)場采摘水果以體驗勞動的樂趣。(can’twaittodo)Allofusstudentscan’twaittopickfruitsonthenearbyfarmtoexperiencethepleasureoflabour.2．我堅信你們所有人都會受益于這次有意義的活動。(beconvincedthat...)Iamconvincedthatallofyoucanbenefitfromthemeaningfulactivity.3．我媽媽大發(fā)雷霆，吼道：“你要么努力學(xué)習(xí)要么退學(xué)?！?either...or...)Mymomexplodedwithanger，screaming“Youmusteitherworkhardordropoutofschool.”4．越來越多的游客被吸引到這個地方。(Therebe＋n.＋定語從句)Therearemoreandmore/anincreasingnumberofvisitorswho/thatareattractedtothisplace.5．蹦極是一項驚險的運動，在這項運動中，勇氣比力量更重要。(“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句)Bungeejumpingisanadventuroussport，inwhichcouragemattersmorethanstrength.Australia，locatedtothesouthoftheequator，isfamousfor1.its(it)iconiccreaturesandgrandsites.Therearealotofdeliciousopen-airbarbecues，bakeries，fast-foodjoints，butchershopsandrestaurants2.which/thatoffersomeofthepremierfoodexperiencesintheworld.Thekangaroohasawide3.distribution(distribute)throughoutthecountry.Babykangarooslive4.temporarily(temporary)inthepouchforaphaseofsevenoreightmonths.Atlicensedzoos，koalas5.hanging(hang)ontotreetrunkscanbetouchedforonlyalittletimeandonalimitedfrequencyofoccasions.Aprimitivemammalwith6.auniquebiology，theduck-billedplatypuswilllayeggsinanest，whichcanhatchintendays.Ithasthecapacity7.tofind(find)foodbyusingelectricalsensorsinitsbill，whichonlyahandfulofanimalsintheworldcando.Thestraightforwardprimeministersponsorsacampaigntoprotectwildanimals’safetyandlibertyintheir8.natural(nature)domain.Inaword，Australiaisanidealgetaway9.visited(visit)bynumeroustravelersatpeakseasons.Australia’stourismsloganis10.asfollows：There’snothinglikeAustralia.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯locatedadj.處于；位于；坐落于[locatevt.找出……的位置；把……設(shè)置(在)；使……坐落(于)locationn．地點；位置]belocatedin/on/at位于；坐落于(1)Thelocation(locate)ofthenewly-builtentertainmentjointisclosetotherailway.(2)我們有三個室內(nèi)活動室，位于校園的東邊。Wehavethreeindooractivityrooms(whichare)locatedintheeastofourcampus.(3)坐落在東海之濱，這個鎮(zhèn)有著300多年的歷史和20萬人口。(話題寫作之景點介紹)LocatedonthecoastoftheEastChinaSea，thetownhasahistoryofmorethan300yearsandapopulationof200,000.freedomn．自由；不受……影響的狀態(tài)(freeadj.免費的；自由的；不受約束的vt.使自由；解放；釋放freelyadv.自由地；不受限制地)befreetodosth自由做某事set...free使……獲得自由；釋放……freefrom/of...不受……影響的；無……的(1)Somepeopleseemwillingtoworkaroundtheclockintheirnarrowspecialty.Butsuchcommitmentcanalsoweakenasenseoffreedom(free)．(2)最使我滿意的是我可以自由地選擇我喜歡的東西。WhatsatisfiesmemostisthatIamfreetochoosewhatIlike.(3)那只蜂鳥剛被釋放就在明亮的天空中自由地飛翔。(2023·浙江1月，讀后續(xù)寫)Themomentthehummingbirdwassetfree，itfliedfreelyinthebrightsky.(4)除了豐富學(xué)校生活，冬季徒步旅行也讓我們學(xué)生從繁重的學(xué)習(xí)中解脫出來。Besidesenrichingtheschoollife，thewinterhikingalsofreedusstudentsfromtheheavyworkofstudy.“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句Mostoftheirmusicalinstrumentsarereallyjuststicksfoundontheground，amongwhichthereisanamazinginstrumentcalledthedidgeridoo.他們的大多數(shù)樂器其實就是在地上找到的樹枝，其中就有一種叫作迪吉里杜管的神奇樂器。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時，我們通常用“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句。如果指人，用“介詞＋whom”；如果指物，用“介詞＋which”?！ち硗猓瑆hose也可放在介詞后構(gòu)成“介詞＋whose＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)?！ぴ摼涫街薪樵~的選用可根據(jù)從句中動詞、形容詞等與介詞的搭配或根據(jù)語意確定。(1)Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges，allofwhomagreedthatitwasthebestone.(2)WheneverIencounterdifficultiesinEnglishstudy，youalwayscheermeupandhelpmeout，forwhichIamreallygratefultoyou.(3)In1963，theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme，oneofwhosepurposeistorelieveworldwidestarvation.(4)我積極參加了英語講座，從中我充分了解了英國和美國的文化。IhaveactivelyattendedEnglishlectures，fromwhichIhaveagoodknowledgeofBritishandAmericancultures.(5)這個旨在引起我們對環(huán)境保護(hù)的關(guān)注的活動提高了我們關(guān)愛大自然的意識。(aim)Theactivity，theaimofwhichistodrawourattentiontoenvironmentalprotection，raisesourawarenessofcaringaboutnature.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．jointeq\x(A.adj.共同的；聯(lián)合的B.n.關(guān)節(jié)C.n.連接處；接頭)(1)Eversincetheinjury，thejointsinhislegshaveachedintherainyweather.B(2)Theywerejointownersofthehousebyappointment.A(3)Somethingmusthavebeenwrong.Let’scheckthejointbetweentheinnerandouterpanels.C2．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的漢語意思(1)Thearticleiseasytounderstandbecauseitiswritteninstraightforwardlanguage.簡單的(2)Shewasaccusedofhatchingaplottomurderherhusband.密謀；策劃(3)HehasbeendivingintothehistoryofChineseliterature.一心投入(4)Anelephant’strunkisitsverylongnosethatitusestoliftfoodandwatertoitsmouth.象鼻(5)ThesessionscanbeattendedliveorwatchedbackaftertheyaremadeavailableontheIOCchannel.(2023·北京)會議Ⅱ.核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識1．Ihavethecapacitytoweigh(weigh)theprosandconsofthematterandmakeaproperchoice.2．Iurgedhimtobookthehotellocated(locate)inthecenterofthecity.3．Thechairwomanhasdeclaredthatallthesalesmenandsaleswomenwillbeentitled(entitle)totheirpensionsaftertheyretire.4．Myniecedoesn’thavethefreedomtochoose(choose)whatshelikes，sosheoftenconflictswithherparents.5．Ihaveanurgetovisittheexhibitionsponsored(sponsor)bytheSocietyofCulture.6．Distribution(distribute)ofclothesandblanketshasbegunbyappointment.7．Ihavebeendismissedduetomyviolent(violence)behaviorandnowIamquiteguilty.8．Whenitcomestophysicalexercise，whatreallymattersisfrequency(frequent)，notintensity.9．Mynephewworkedheretemporarily(temporary)totestouttheleversonthepanels.10．Thepolitical(politics)leaderturnedouttobeapersonofintegrityanddignity，whichwascontrarytotherumour.假如你是李華，你的外國朋友Mike告訴你他本月底將要來你所居住的城市旅游，想讓你推薦一個值得去的旅游景點。請用英語給他寫封信介紹該景點，并表示熱烈歡迎。完成句子1．得知你將在月底來到我的城市，我迫不及待地想向你介紹一些令人驚嘆的景點。(can’twaittodo)2．首都北京有許多旅游景點，每年吸引數(shù)百萬游客。(定語從句)3．你可以欣賞存在了數(shù)千年來的自然奇觀，也可以探索獨特的人文景觀。(either...or...)4．所有這些景點都展示了中國的歷史和人民的才智，其中最吸引人的是長城。(“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句)5．我堅信，一旦你踏上這片神奇的土地，你就會愛上它。(beconvincedthat...)組句成篇把以上句子用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞語和過渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。參考范文DearMike，Learningthatyouarecomingtomycityattheendofthismonth，Ican’twaittointroducesomeamazingattractionstoyou.Therearealargenumberoftouristattractionsinthecapitalcity，Beijing，whichattractmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.Youcaneitheradmirenaturalwondersthathaveexistedforthousandsofyearsorexploredistinctivehumanlandscapes.AlltheseattractionshaveshowedthehistoryofChinaandtheintelligenceandwisdomofitspeople，amongwhichtheGreatWallisthemostappealing.Iamconvincedthatyouwillfallinlovewiththeamazinglandonceyousetyourfootonit.Lookingforwardtoyourcomingsincerely.Yours，LiHua教材語料整合亮詞[環(huán)境描寫]located；getaway；strait；monument；trunk；nest；fence；grand[動作描寫]vibrate；entitle；dive；sponsor；hatch；distribute；license美句1.Whatevermakesanimpressionontheheartseemslovelyintheeye.(結(jié)尾升華)2.Locatedtothesouthoftheequator，belowmanyothercountriesontheglobe，it’softeninformallyreferredtoas“downunder”．(環(huán)境描寫)3.Ican’twaittoseeallofthem！(情感描寫)4.Toplaythedidgeridoo，youputyourmouthononeendandblowwhilevibratingyourlips.(動作描寫)5.Theyhaveastraightforwardandfree-and-easyattitudetowardslife，andtheirfriendlinessandwarmthmademefeelathomewhereverIwent.(人物描寫)6.Thenoisetheymakecouldwakethedead.(夸張)7.Itsnoselookslikeaduck’sbill，andithasfeetlikeaduck’ssoitcandiveunderthewater，butit’scoveredinhair.(比喻)拓展語料積累修辭妙用之夸張單詞heavenlyadj.美好的；awfullyadv.非常；極其；extremelyadv.非常；極其詞塊takeone’sbreathaway令人驚嘆；asheavyasamountain像山一樣重；laughone’sheadoff狂笑不已；beoverthemoon/ontopoftheworld欣喜若狂/心滿意足；behalfdeadwithfear嚇得半死；atonof/tonsof許多，大量；cryone’seyesout痛哭流涕；eatlikeabird吃得很少句型1.Herfacebeamedandherbrightsmilelituptheroom.她容光煥發(fā)，燦爛的笑容照亮了整個房間。2.Whensheheardthebadnews，ariveroftearspouredout.聽到這個壞消息時，她淚流成河。3.Myheadacheiskillingme.我的頭疼死了。4.Wehavetowaitinlineforcenturies.我們得排隊等很久。5.Therabbitmademejumpoutofmyskin.這只兔子嚇得我魂不附體/嚇了我一跳。6.Ihavetoldyouathousandtimesthat“Don’tspeakwhenyourmouthisfull.”我已經(jīng)告訴你無數(shù)遍了：“嘴里塞滿東西時不要說話?！?.IwassohungrythatIcouldswallowahorse.我餓得能吞下一匹馬。8.Soguiltyandregretfulwasshethatshefeltasifscoresofarrowspiercedherchest.她既愧疚又懊悔，覺得好像有幾十支箭射中了她的胸口。語料運用周末度假Lastweekend，myfathertookmeonatriptoanamazinggetaway①locatedinaremotearea(分詞短語作定語)．Wewereridinghorsesalongthevalley②wherethesceneryreallytookmybreathaway(定語從句)whenalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse，③makingmyhorsejumpoutofitsskin(分詞短語作狀語)．④Itseemedlikeacenturybeforemyhorsefinallyrecoveredfromtheshock.Withthesoundofwaterrollingdowntheriver，wewentonourexplorationuntilwesawalittlefarmhouse⑤surroundedbytonsofwildflowers(分詞短語作定語)．Outofthehousewalkedanoldlady⑥whowasoverthemoon(定語從句)whenseeingus.Notknowingwhathappened，wewereledtoherhouseandsawayounggirl⑦whowerecryinghereyesout.Theoldladyexplainedthatthegirlgotlostinthevalleyandneededsomeonetohelpherout.Wehappilyagreedandshe⑧wasextremelyglad，herfacebeamingand⑨herbrightsmilelightinguptheroom(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu))．上周末，我父親帶我去了一個位于偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的度假勝地。我們正沿著山谷騎馬而行，那里的景色真讓我嘆為觀止，這時一只小兔子從我的馬前面跳了出來，嚇了我的馬一跳。似乎過了一個世紀(jì)，我的馬才終于從震驚中恢復(fù)過來。隨著河水滾滾而下的聲音，我們繼續(xù)探索，直到我們看到一個小農(nóng)舍，周圍是無數(shù)的野花。一位老太太從里面走出來，看到我們時欣喜若狂。不知道發(fā)生了什么，我們被帶到她家，看到一個年輕女孩正痛哭流涕。老太太解釋說，女孩在山谷里迷路了，需要人幫忙。我們欣然同意了，她非常高興，臉上洋溢著笑容，燦爛的笑容照亮了整個房間。高考題型組合練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·山東德州模擬)InearlyAugust，HilaryKrieger，now44，wassittinginherparents’Bostonhomewhenherfriendaccidentallysquirted(噴射)himselfwithanorangeslice.Shesaid，“Oh，theorangejustorbisculated.”Andhesaid，“Itdidwhat？”Thetwomadeafive-dollarbet，andHilarygladlygrabbedthefamilydictionarybutfoundtheword“orbisculate”wasnotinit!Hilaryburstintoherdad’sstudyandtoldhimtheshockingnews.Lookingawkward，herfatheradmittedthathehadmadeuptheword“orbisculate”astheactionthathappens“whenyoudigyourspoonintoagrapefruitanditsquirtsjuicedirectlyintoyoureye”．Atfirst，Hilarywasmad.Butshequicklycametoseeherdad’smade-upwordasagift.Itspeakstohiscreativityandtheideathat，evenwhensomethingispainfulandannoying，likegettinggrapefruitjuiceinyoureye，youcanlaughandhavefunwithit.Hilary’sfatherNeilKriegerdiedinApril2020，atage78.SincetheKriegerscouldn’thaveaproperfuneral，HilarywhonowlivesinNewYork，spentalotoftimeonthephonetalkingwithfriendsandfamily，andthe“orbisculate”storykeptcomingup.“Ibegantothink‘orbisculate’issuchagreatword;itshouldbeinthedictionary！”saysHilary.ShecalledheryoungerbrotherJonathan，wholivesinBostonandrunsanonlinecompany.Theirgoalistoputthewordtousepubliclyenoughthatithasachanceofbecomingacceptable.Encouragingpeopletouse“orbisculate”inawidevarietyofcontextswillleaveacompelling(令人信服的)trailofevidenceforlexicographers(詞典編纂者)tofollow.IthasbeenmorethantwoyearssinceNeil’sdeathandhischildrenarestillstrugglingfromtheloss.Buttheircampaigntogettheirfather’swordintothedictionaryhashelpedthemwinbackalittleofthejoythathasbeenmissingfromtheirlives.“Icouldpicturehimbeingreallyexcited，”Jonathansays.“AndnotuntilthatdaydidIknowmyfatherhadcreatedmany‘words’thatwewouldn’tseeinthedictionary.”語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是HilaryKrieger的爸爸創(chuàng)造了orbisculate這個詞，她認(rèn)為這顯示了爸爸的創(chuàng)新精神，她努力想讓這個詞被收錄進(jìn)詞典。1．WhatmadeHilaryfind“orbisculate”doesn’texist?A．Apieceofshockingnews.B．Thelatestdictionary.C．Herfather’sstrangereaction.D．Anaccidentbetweenherfriendandher.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段講述的故事可知，她和朋友之間發(fā)生的意外事件讓Hilary發(fā)現(xiàn)“orbisculate”不存在，故選D。2．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHilary’sfather?A．Strictandstubborn.B．Optimisticandcreative.C．Flexibleandreliable.D．Determinedandhard-working.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Itspeakstohiscreativityandtheideathat，evenwhensomethingispainfulandannoying，likegettinggrapefruitjuiceinyoureye，youcanlaughandhavefunwithit.”可知，Hilary的父親是樂觀的、有創(chuàng)造力的，故選B。3．WhendidHilarydecidetogettheword“orbisculate”intothedictionary?A．Afterherfather’sdeath.B．Whenherfathertoldherthetruth.C．Afterherbrother’srequest.D．Aftersheputthewordtousepublicly.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Hilary’sfatherNeilKriegerdiedinApril2020”和第四段的“Ibegantothink‘orbisculate’issuchagreatword;itshouldbeinthedictionary！”可知，Hilary在她父親去世后，下定決心要把“orbisculate”這個詞收錄進(jìn)詞典，故選A。4．Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutinthefollowingpart?A．Hilaryencouragespeopletomakeupmorenewwords.B．TheintroductiontootherwordscreatedbyHilary’sfather.C．ThereplythattheofficialgaveHilaryandherbrother.D．Hilaryandherbrotherwillcontinuetofightfortheirdemand.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段末句“AndnotuntilthatdaydidIknowmyfatherhadcreatedmany‘words’thatwewouldn’tseeinthedictionary.”可知，接下來的部分可能會介紹Hilary的父親創(chuàng)造的其他詞匯，故選B。B★TheruinsofahugeMayacityhavebeendiscoveredinGuatemalawiththehelpoftheremotesensingtechniqueLiDAR，accordingtotheNationalGeographiconThursday.ThisbreakthroughwaspossiblethankstoLiDARsensors，whichcansurveylandscapesin3Dbyreflectinglaserpulsesoffthegroundfromunmannedairvehiclesandothers.LiDARisexceptionallyusefulfordetectingarcheologicalsites(考古遺址)，asitgetsthroughjunglesandotherfeaturesthatholdupexplorationontheground.Thetechniquehasbeentheactivator(催化劑)ofmanydiscoveriesinrecentyears.Forinstance，majorfindsatAngkor，CambodiaandCaracol，Belizecanexplainwhatitdid.ThislargelostcityenvelopssiteslikeTikal，Holmul，andWitzna—knownfortheirpyramids—butshowsthatthesefamousheritageareasarethetipoftheicebergofthislosturbannetwork.HiddenunderthejunglesoftheMayaBiosphereReserve，morethan60,000human-madefeatures—homes，canals，highways，someofwhichcanevenreachthemodernizedstandard—havebeenidentifiedbyaninternationalcooperationofresearchersheadedbythePACUNAMFoundation，aMayaculturalandnaturalheritageorganization.ThosehaveexpertsrethinkingtheoutlinesandcomplexityoftheMayaempire.Theseancientpeoplesobviouslyestablishedtheseimaginativeculturesbasedontheirknownrelics，butthenewresearchhasshownthatthescaleofthislostsocietyisfarbeyondwhatexpertshadimagined.Thefindingswillbeexploredinanhour-longdocumentarycalledLostTreasuresoftheMayaSnakeKings，premiering(首映)Tuesday，F(xiàn)ebruary6ontheNationalGeographicChannel.“Thereareentirecitieswedidn’tknowaboutnowshowingupinthesurveydata，”saidFranciscoBelli，oneoftheleadarcheologistsontheproject.“Thereare20,000squarekilometresmoretobeexploredandtherearegoingtobehundredsofcitiestherethatwedon’tknowabout，andwewillpushthefrontiers，”headded.語篇解讀這是一篇新聞報道，主要講述了考古學(xué)家們利用LiDAR技術(shù)，在危地馬拉發(fā)現(xiàn)了一處巨大的瑪雅城市遺址。5．WhatcanweknowaboutLiDAR?A．It’sabreakthroughinarcheology.B．It’smajorequipmentinairforces.C．ItwasfirstusedindiscoveringaMayacity.D．It’saremotesensingtechniqueusinglaserpulses.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“withthehelpoftheremotesensingtechniqueLiDAR”和第二段中的“whichcansurveylandscapesin3Dbyreflectinglaserpulsesoffthegroundfromunmannedairvehiclesandothers”可知，LiDAR是一項使用激光脈沖的遙感技術(shù)。故選D。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Those”inparagraph4referto?A．ThejunglesoftheReserve.B．TheoutlinesoftheMayaempire.C．Theresearchersoftheorganization.D．Theman-madeprojectsoftheReserve.答案D解析代詞指代題。根據(jù)第四段“Hidden...，morethan60,000human-madefeatures—homes，canals，highways，someofwhichcanevenreachthemodernizedstandard—havebeenidentifiedby...”可知，畫線代詞Those指的是前文中提到的“瑪雅生物保護(hù)區(qū)的6萬多項人造工程”。故選D。7．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheMayaempire?A．Famousanddangerous.B．Vastandhighlydeveloped.C．Mountainousandaggressive.D．Enormousandtraditional.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thislargelostcityenvelopssites...butshowsthatthesefamousheritageareasarethetipoftheiceberg...”和第四段“HiddenunderthejunglesoftheMayaBiosphereReserve...someofwhichcanevenreachthemodernizedstandard...rethinkingtheoutlinesandcomplexityoftheMayaempire.”可知，瑪雅帝國疆域遼闊，且高度發(fā)達(dá)。故選B。8．Whatdoarcheologistshopetodonext?A．RestudythehistoryofMaya.B．UsetheLiDARsensorsasusual.C．Continuetoexploretheunknown.D．Studythedocumentarymorecarefully.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“‘Thereare20,000squarekilometresmoretobeexploredandtherearegoingtobehundredsofcitiestherethatwedon’tknowabout，andwewillpushthefrontiers，’headded.”可知，考古人員將繼續(xù)探索發(fā)掘未知的瑪雅遺跡。故選C。CChatGPTisanadvancedAIchatbottrainedbyOpenAIwhichinteractsinaconversationalway.ThedialogueformmakesitpossibleforChatGPTtoanswerfollow-upquestions，admititsmistakes，challengeincorrectpremises，andrejectimproperrequests.Ithasreached100millionusersjusttwomonthsafterlaunching，accordingtoanalysts.ChatGPThastakentheworldbystormsinceitlaunched.TheAIchatbotanswersquestionsonlineintextformatinahuman-likeway，anditcanalsowriteitsresponsesindifferentstyles，forexample，thatofastudentwritinganessay.GPTtechnologycanhelppeoplewritecodequicklyandaccuratelywiththehelpofnaturallanguage.GPTcantakeatextpromptandgeneratecodethatistailoredtothegiventask.Thistechnologyhasthepotentialtocutdowndevelopmenttime，asitcangeneratecodequicklyandaccurately.Itcanalsohelpreducetheriskoferrors，asGPTiscapableofgeneratingcodethatcanbetestedandusedimmediately.Someteachersareworriedabouthowmanyoftheirpupilsareusingittodotheirhomeworkandhavewrittentoparentswarningthemaboutit.Otherssaytheycanspotitsessay，andtherearenowtoolsbeingreleasedwhichclaimtobeabletodifferentiate(區(qū)別)humantextfromthatwrittenbyartificialintelligence.Butthecatisoutofthebag，andnowtheInternationalBaccalaureate(國際文憑項目)，orIBforshort，saysitsstudentscantakeadvantageofthetech，justlikeusingacalculatortoworkoutamathsproblem，aslongastheyadmittoitbybothcreditingChatGPTinthetextandaddingareferencenoteattheend.It’sgoodnewsforstudents，butChatGPT’sknowledgedatabaseonlygoesuptoSeptember2021，soit’snotveryusefulontopicalsubjects，andasitgetsitsinformationfromtheInternet，itcanalsobeinaccurate.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了ChatGPT的功能及其影響，同時也分析了其弊端。9．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．ThepotentialofChatGPT.B．HowtouseChatGPT.C．ThebenefitsofChatGPT.D．Howtogeneratecode.答案C解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段首句“GPTtechnologycanhelppeoplewritecodequicklyandaccuratelywiththehelpofnaturallanguage.”及末句“Itcanalsohelpreducetheriskoferrors，asGPTiscapableofgeneratingcodethatcanbetestedandusedimmediately.”可知，本段主要講的是ChatGPT的好處。故選C。10．Whydosometeacherswritetoparents?A．ChatGPTmakesacademicstobehonest.B．ChatGPTcanwritewithoutrecognition.C．ThecontentofChatGPTisentirelynew.D．ManypupilsuseChatGPTtodohomework.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Someteachersareworriedabouthowmanyoftheirpupilsareusingittodotheirhomeworkandhavewrittentoparentswarningthemaboutit.”可知，老師們寫信告知家長以防學(xué)生使用ChatGPT做作業(yè)。故選D。11．WhatcanweknowfromwhatIBsaysaboutChatGPT?A．Itcanbeusedundercertainconditions.B．TeacherscantellhumantextfromthatbyAI.C．Itskn