名詞轉(zhuǎn)向重點突破+訓(xùn)練 人教版七年級英語上冊

七年級英語名詞專項重點突破一、知識點回顧名詞概念：名詞是表示人、事物、地點或抽象概念的名稱的詞。專有名詞普通名詞人名John,Tom個體名詞mandesk,bird可數(shù)名詞國名，地名，山河名China,HongKong集體名詞class,family,police節(jié)日，月份，日期Women’sDay,May物質(zhì)名詞meat,rice,bread,不可數(shù)名詞機構(gòu)，報刊UN,ChinaDaily抽象名詞life,help,happiness(一)專有名詞用法：1.專有名詞首字母大寫，例如：Mary2.專有名詞前冠詞(一般用在名詞的前面，對名詞起限定作用，不能離開名詞單獨存在)的用法：(1)節(jié)假日前面不用冠詞(2)某些專有名詞，如江河湖海的名字要與定冠詞the連用，e.g:theWestLake_________theYellowRiver___________theGreatWall____________(二)普通名詞的用法：1.可數(shù)名詞（單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)）：一般而言，可以用數(shù)目來計算，能夠分成個體的名詞。2.單數(shù)名詞的冠詞用法：(1)a用于輔音音素開頭的名詞之前;小學(xué)階段可以簡單記為，輔音字母開頭的單詞用a,但有特例：e.g：European(歐洲),university（大學(xué)）,uniform（校服），one-way(單行道)，usual(平常的)。an用于元音音素開頭的名詞之前；小學(xué)階段可以簡單記為，元音字母開頭的單詞用an,但有特例：e.g.hour（小時）,honor（榮耀）,honest（誠實的）。小試牛刀:()①IhavegotMP4player.A.a B.an C.the()②Whichisbigger,________pineappleor______apple?A.a,a B.an,a C.a,an D.an,an()③Thisis________usefulEnglishbook.A.a B.the C.an D./()④There’s___“m”and_____“u”inthisword.A.a,an B.an,a C.a,a D.an,an()⑤Myuncleis_____activeteacher.A.a B.an C./()⑥Thereis_____expensivewatchand____cheapbox.A.an,an B.an,a C.a,a D.a,/()⑦Theboywith________uniformhas________hourtofinishhishomework.A.a,a B.an,a C.a,an D.an,an()⑧It’s________honortogiveyouaspeech.a B.an C./復(fù)數(shù)名詞的變化：規(guī)則變化以s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾，加esbus,box,watch,brush以o結(jié)尾，一般加es黑人英雄愛吃土豆西紅柿“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i加esbaby,lady,fly以f或fe結(jié)尾，一般變f或fe為v加es樹葉半數(shù)自己黃，妻子拿刀去割糧；架后竄出一只狼，就像小偷逃命忙。其他單詞加sbook,cap,tree不規(guī)則變化元音字母發(fā)生變化改a為eman--______woman--_______改oo為eefoot--_____,tooth--____,goose--geese單復(fù)同形sheep,fish(數(shù)量)，deer,people(人)常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)trousers,socks,glasses,shoes（注意：要表達它們的量，常借助pair一詞，如：twopairsofgloves兩副手套）表示“某國人”：中日不變英法變，其他一律加s。單復(fù)同形aChinese--two_________aJapanese--twoJapaneseman--menanEnglishman--two_________aFrenchman--two__________詞尾加saGerman--twoGermansanAmerican--two___________其他形式achild--twochildren,anox--threeoxen,amouse--fourmice備注有些單詞雖以s結(jié)尾，但表示單數(shù)意義，如：news,maths,theUnitedStates“the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”表示“一家人或夫婦二人”名詞作定語時，不用復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如：boystudents,appletrees;當man和woman作定語時，例如：amanteacher--twomenteachers4.不可數(shù)名詞：不能以數(shù)目來計算，不可分成個體的概念、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、感情或表示物質(zhì)材料的東西。(1)常見不可數(shù)名詞如下：液體類：water,tea,coffee,milk,yogurt,Coke,juice,soup，orange(橙汁)食物：food,bread,rice,肉類：meat,beef,mutton,pork,fish(魚肉),chicken（雞肉）其他：paper（紙）,news,advice,fruit,homework,housework,work,food,weather,music,information(2)修飾不可數(shù)名詞：①alotof/lotsof___________some___________much____________alittle___________little_______②數(shù)詞+容器+of+不可數(shù)名詞：aglassofwater一杯水twopairsofglasses兩副眼鏡不可數(shù)名詞與動詞三單（be動詞用is）搭配5.名詞所有格：名詞與名詞之間的一種所屬關(guān)系，它的中文意思“.......的”。單數(shù)名詞和不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加’sMary’sbook,theboy’sballwomen’sclothes,Children’sDaytwohours’walk以s或es結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后面加’,theladies’dressesTeachers’Day這只寵物為Lucy和Lily共同擁有LucyandLily’spet這些寵物分別屬于Lucy和LilyLucy’sandLily’spets“of+名詞”一般用來表示無生命的物體間的所屬關(guān)系thedoorofmyclassroom“of+名詞所有格”，通常表示整體中的一個或部分afriendofPeter’s=oneofPeter’sfriendsafriendofmine/his/hers課堂練習(xí)（1）單項選擇題()1.--Howmany________arethereintheroom?--Six.A.people B.pencil C.peoples()2.Look!Somemeat_______inthebox.Someapples_______inthebasket.A.are,are B.is.are C.are,is()3.Theseare_________Youcanbuyapairforyourmother.AwomansockB.womensock C.womensocksD.womansocks()4.Therearetwo________inourschool.A.library B.libraries C.librarys()5.Howmany________arethereinthezo0?A.sheep B.monkey C.fish()6.LiMengandZhangBin_______mygoodfriends.A.is B.am C.are()7.Therearesome________inthis_______.A.knife，pencil-boxes B.knifes,pencil-box C.knives,pencil-box()8.Thereisnofoodinthefridge.Wouldyougiveme_A.any B.some C.many()9.Therearesomany________.A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato()10.--Arethese_______yours?--Yes,theyare.A.duck B.goat C.deer()11.Howmany______arethereintheriver?A.goose B.gooses C.geese()12.There______somewateronthetable.A.is B.are C.isn't()13.Thereareninetyandninehundred_____inourschool.A.womanteachers;boystudentB.womenteachers;boysstudentsC.womenteachers;boystudentsD.womenteacher;boysstudent()14Mrs.Greenis__________mother.A.JimandKateB.JimandKate'sC.JimandKates'D.Jim'sandKat()15.--WhatcanIdoforyou,madam?--'dlikesomeAmuttonsandpotatoesBtomatosandvegetablesC.bottlesoforange D.glassesoforangesjuices()16.Children’sDayisin_______. A.June B.JulyC.May()17.OurEnglishteacherisfrom_______. A.Canada B.Canada’s C.Canadian()18.__________istheseconddayofaweek.A.Monday B.Saturday C.Sunday D.Tuesday七年級題型專練（一）語法選擇Whenthenewschoolyeariscoming,manystudentsbuynewpencils,pens,rules…But 1 canwesavemoneyontheseschoolthings?Here 2somegoodideasforyou.◆Havealookat 3 backpackandpencilcase.Whenyouwant 4 newpencils,notebooksandotherschoolthings,havealookatyourbackpackandpencilcase.Youmay 5 someoldnotebooks,pencils,pens…Thenyoudon’tneedtobuynewones.◆Write 6 shoppinglist.Youcangotobuysomeschoolthingswithashoppinglist.Forschoolthingsyoudon’treallyneed,don’tbuy 7 .◆Buyoldbooksorborrowbooksyouneed.

Youdon’tneedtobuysomepicturebooks.Youcanbuysomeoldonesorborrowsomefromyourfriends.It’salsogood 8 booksinsomebookstores

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D.For（二）完形填空。JimGreenisastudentinNo.5MiddleSchool.Hedoesapart-time(業(yè)余的)1becauseheneedssome2.Heworksinasupermarketafter3fromMondaytoFridayandall4onSaturdays.Hehelpspeoplelookaftertheirkidsandhestayswith5kids.Hethinksitisgreat6.Afterschool,he7abustothesupermarket.He8thereatabout4:30.Heworks94:30to8:30.He10homeat9:00.Jimlikeshisjobverymuch.（）1.A.work B.job C.assistant D.class（）2.A.money B.help C.thanks D.work（）3.A.work B.call C.school D.hospital（）4.A.day B.date C.time D.month（）5.A.difficult B.different C.dangerous D.boring（）6.A.fun B.boring C.smart D.funny（）7.A.takes B.gets C.gives D.has（）8.A.arrivesin B.arrivesat C.gets D.goesto（）9.A.for B.from C.to D.with（）10.A.goesto B.gets C.arrivesat D.comesto（一）中考新題型：任務(wù)型閱讀Subject:Canyouhelp?From:RoseDearKnowledgeable,Ihaveagoodfriend,Ann.SheisverycleverandcanspeakEnglishreallywell.AveryimportantEnglishspeechcontestforourwholecitywillbeheldnextmonth.OurclassmatesallthinkAnnisthebestpersontorepresenttheclassintheschoolcontestandmakesureshewillwin.Buttheproblemisthatshe’sveryshyandthatshe’sterrifiedofspeakinginfrontofotherpeople.Shecan’ttellothersaboutit,becauseshedoesn’twanttoletherfriendsdown.Ican’tthinkofanygoodadvicetogiveher,butyoualwayscomeupwithgoodsolutionstopeople’sproblems.Canyougiveussomegoodadvice?Doyouthinkwecantellthetruthtotherestofthestudents? Rose1.WhenistheEnglishspeechcontestfortheirwholecity?2.WhydoeseveryonemakesureAnnwill