課后檢測(cè)練-2021-2022學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

Unit6Survival----Usinglanguage

一、完成句子

1.在某種程度上,我們可以將造紙術(shù)和印刷術(shù)的發(fā)明與20世紀(jì)早期

互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的引入相媲美。

Inaway,wecancomparetheinventionofpaperandprintingwith

theintroductionofthe

Internet__________________________________________________________

2.有一些健康問(wèn)題,如果不及時(shí)治療，以后會(huì)釀成大問(wèn)題。

Therearesomehealthproblemsthat,if

not,canbecomebiggerones

lateron.

3.這名球員接受了兩年的治療，他很有可能在下一場(chǎng)比賽中及時(shí)從傷

病中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。

Theplayerwasunderaandthechancesare

thathewillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimeforthenextrace.

4.法官裁定越獄的犯人沒(méi)有犯罪，因?yàn)樗魂P(guān)押在惡劣的環(huán)境中。

Ajudgehasruledthattheprisonerwhoescapedfromprison

committednooffensebecausehehadbeen

held.

5.這是這位年輕的歌手自成名以來(lái)第一次在他的家鄉(xiāng)表演。

Thisisthefirsttimethattheyoungsingerhasperformedin

hishometownsincehisfame.

二、閱讀理解

Inthepast50years,theamountofwaterintheopenocean

withzerooxygenhasgoneupmorethanfourfold.Incoastal

waterbodies,includingrivermouthsandseas,low-oxygensites

haveincreasedmorethantenfoldsince1950.Scientistsexpect

oxygentocontinuedroppingevenoutsidethesezonesasEarth

warms.

“Oxygenisfundamentaltolifeintheoceans,“saidDenise

Breitburg,amarineecologistwiththeSmithsonian

EnvironmentalResearchCentre."Thedeciineinoceanoxygen

ranksamongthemostseriouseffectsofhumanactivitiesonthe

Earth'senvironment.Actually,it'sagreatlosstoallthe

supportservicesthatrelyonrecreationandtourism,including

hotelsandrestaurantsandtaxidriversandeverythingelse.

Thereverberations（嚴(yán)重影響）ofunhealthyecosystemsinthe

oceancanbeextensive.”

Inareastraditionallycalled“deadzones”,likethosein

ChesapeakeBayandtheGulfofMexico,oxygenplummets（大幅

下跌）tosolowlevelsthatmanyanimalsdie.Asfishavoidthese

zones,theirhabitatsbecomesmallerandthey,reeasiertobe

attackedorcaught.Buttheproblemgoesfarbeyond”dead

zones”.Evensmalleroxygendeclinecanpreventgrowthin

animals,hinderreproductionandleadtodiseaseorevendeath.

Itcanalsocausethereleaseofdangerouschemicalssuchas

nitrousoxide,agreenhousegasupto300timesmorepowerful

thancarbondioxide.Whi1esomeanimalscanboomin”dead

zones”,overal1biodiversityfalls.

Climatechangeisthekeycriminalintheopenocean.Warming

surfacewatersmakeitharderforoxygentoreachtheinside

oftheocean.Furthermore,astheoceanasawholegetswarmer,

itholdslessoxygen.Incoastalwaters,toomuchnutrient

pollutionfromlandcreatesalgalblooms,whichuseupoxygen

astheydieandbreakdown.

People'slivelihoodsarealsoontheline,thescientists

reported,especiallyindevelopingnations.Smaller

fisheries（漁場(chǎng)）maybeunabletorelocatewhenlowoxygen

destroystheirharvestsorforcesfishtomoveelsewhere.So

wehumanshavetocarryonawarnowandwinthewar.

1.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Theoceanhasbeenlosingitsoxygen.

B.Theamountofseawaterisincreasing.

C.Thecoastalwaterbodiesaredangerous.

D.Earthbecomeswarmerandwarmer.

2.WhatcanweinferfromDeniseBreitburg，swords?

A.Differentoceanshavedifferentlevelsofoxygen.

B.Thedeclineinoceanoxygenhasgreatinfluences.

C.Thefutureoftourismreliesonthelevelsofoceanoxygen.

D.Thedecreaseinoceanoxygenisthemostserious

environmentalproblem.

3.Howdoesthe“deadzone“affectseaanimals?

A.Itoffersmorefood.

B.Itformsdangerousgas.

C.Itreducestheirlivingareas.

D.Itproducesmorecarbondioxide.

4.Howcanwewinthewaraccordingtothetext?

A.Byclosingsmallerfisheries.

B.Bycontrollinghumans，badactivities.

C.Byimprovingpeople，slivingstandards.

D.Bystoppingnutrientsenteringtheocean.

三、完形填空

WhenIwasveryyoung,Igotbadlyburnedbyhotwater.

Atthattime,technologywasn't1Ididgetskin

grafts（移植），butitwasstillprettybad.Mostofthedamage

wasonmy2andtheskinwasgraftedfrommyleg,causing

anotherlargescar.

AsIgrewup,Istruggledwithmyscars.Inbeach

picturesIwould3trytocoverupmylegwithmyhandor

holdsomethinginfrontofme.Iwouldhideinahigh-necked

dress,orelse4anyswim-suit-wearingactivities

completely.Imissedoutonalotoffun.Icouldnot5

thefactthatIhadthesescarsandthattheywerea6.

WhenIwas19,onefriendsaidtome,“Michelle,stop

7!Yourburnsarebattlescars.Youneedto8them

likeamedalofhonor!”

9,ittookme15yearstodiscovershewas10.

Therearesomanypeoplewithdisabilities,buttheydidn,

tfeel11forthemselveslikeIwas.

Scarscanbedifficultto12.Butinfact,it'sjust

damagedskin.It'snotalifesentence.I'm13thatit

tookmesolongtogetovermyselfandmyscars.

Lifeisaboutsomuchmorethanworryingabouttheflaws（瑕

疵）onour14.NowwhatIonceconsideredburdensare

indeedjustbattlewoundsIcancarrywith15.

1.A.popularB.practical

C.fashionableD.advanced

2.A.headB.backC.faceD.chest

3.A.desperatelyB.similarly

C.happilyD.painfully

4.A.postB.avoidC.organizeD.join

5.A.getoverB.findout

C.goagainstD.lookinto

6.A.burdenB.honor

C.dangerD.comfort

7.A.showingB.quitting

C.hidingD.talking

8.A.careB.wearC.exhibitD.collect

9.A.SimilarlyB.Luckily

C.UnfortunatelyD.Excitedly

10.A.reliableB.rightC.fairD.honest

11.A.pityB.regretfulC.puzzledD.angry

12.A.hideawayB.lookat

C.dealwithD.leaveout

13.A.surprisedB.convinced

C.curiousD.disappointed

14.A.lifeB.character

C.soulD.body

15.A.respectB.responsibility

C.prideD.anxiety

四、語(yǔ)法填空

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的

正確形式。

Giantpandasareseenaslivingproof1.

conservationworks,thenumbersofwhichinthewildare

recoveringafteryearsofdecline.

Thedistinctiveblackandwhitebear2.(regard)as

an“umbrellaspecies”.Thatmeansprotectingthemountain

forests3.theylivehasbeengoodformanyother

animals,includingbirdsandsmallanimalsthatmainlyfeed

onmeat.

Yet,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournal

NatureEcology&Evolution,it'sa4.

(complete)differentstoryforlargerpredators(食肉動(dòng)物)such

asleopardsandwolves.Asianwilddogshavedisappearedfrom

95%ofareassetup5.(protect)pandasinthe1960s.

Leopards,wolvesandsnowleopardshavealsobeenfoundmuch

6.(few)thanbefore.ScientistsinChinasaythese

fourpredatorsarebeingdriven7.nearextinctionby

illegalhuntinganddestructionof8.(they)

habitat.

Conservationeffortshaveoftenbeenbasedonprotecting

specificspeciessuchasthepanda.Butexpertsarguefora

newapproachthat9.(aim)toprotectwholeecosystems,

ratherthanfocusingonasinglespecies.Thus,the10.

(disappear)oflargerpredatorswillhopefullyslow

down.

一、完成句子

1.earlyinthe20thcentury

2.treatedintime

3.two-yeartreatment

4.infierceconditions

5.riseto

二、閱讀理解

l.A段落大意題。通讀第一段可知海洋面臨的現(xiàn)狀，在過(guò)去的

50年里，海洋中零氧水域的水量增加了四倍多，低氧場(chǎng)所自1950年

以來(lái)增加了十倍多。通過(guò)這些現(xiàn)狀科學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì)，隨著地球變暖，即使

在這些區(qū)域之外，氧氣含量也會(huì)繼續(xù)下降，故選A。

2.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段DeniseBreitburg所說(shuō)的話可知，

海洋氧氣的減少是人類活動(dòng)對(duì)地球環(huán)境最嚴(yán)重的影響之一，這種不良

的海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的嚴(yán)重影響還會(huì)擴(kuò)大，由此可見(jiàn)海洋氧氣的減少有很

大影響，故選B。

3.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Inareastraditionally

called“deadzones"...oxygenplummets（大幅下跌）tosolow

levelsthatmanyanimalsdie.Asfishavoidthesezones,their

habitatsbecomesmallerandthey,reeasiertobeattackedor

caught.可知，在“死亡地帶”，氧氣大幅下跌，許多動(dòng)物死去。當(dāng)魚(yú)

類避開(kāi)這些區(qū)域時(shí)，它們的棲息地變小，更容易被攻擊或捕獲，故選

Co

4.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Thedeclineinoceanoxygen

ranksamongthemostseriouseffectsofhumanactivitiesonthe

Earth'senvironment.Actually,it'sagreatlosstoallthe

supportservicesthatrelyonrecreationandtourism,including

hotelsandrestaurantsandtaxidriversandeverythingelse.

可知，是人類活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致了海洋氧氣減少，所以要解決此問(wèn)題必須控制

人類的有害活動(dòng)，故選B。

三、完形填空

1.Do考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)，技術(shù)并不先進(jìn)。popular

受歡迎的；practical實(shí)用的；fashionable時(shí)尚的；advanced

先進(jìn)的。根據(jù)后文“Ididgetskingrafts,butitwasstillpretty

bad.（我確實(shí)做了植皮手術(shù)，但還是很糟糕。）”可知，因?yàn)橹财な?/p>

術(shù)不是很成功，由此可知，當(dāng)時(shí)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)不先進(jìn)。故選D。

2.Do考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大部分損傷都在我的胸部，腿部皮

膚被移植，造成了另一個(gè)大疤痕。head頭；back背部；face臉;

chest胸部。根據(jù)第二段“holdsomethinginfrontofme."可

知，作者胸部有傷，所以在沙灘邊拍照時(shí)會(huì)在胸前拿東西擋著。故選

Do

3.Ao考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在沙灘上拍照片時(shí)一，我會(huì)拼命地用

手遮住腿，或者在我前面拿著什么東西擋著。desperately拼命地,

不顧一，切地；similarly相似地；happily開(kāi)心地；painfully痛

苦地。根據(jù)前文”...causinganotherlargescar.“可知，因

為作者身上有傷疤，所以作者在沙灘拍照時(shí)，拼命地用手遮住傷疤

處。故選A。

4.B?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我會(huì)（把傷疤）藏在高領(lǐng)連衣裙里，或

者完全避免任何穿泳衣的活動(dòng)。post郵寄；avoid避免；

organize組織；join加入。根據(jù)本段第一句"AsIgrewup,I

struggledwithmyscars."可知，因?yàn)樽髡呱砩嫌袀蹋宰?/p>

者避免穿泳衣的任何活動(dòng)。故選B。

5.Ao考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：我無(wú)法接受我身上有這些傷疤,

它們是我的負(fù)擔(dān)。getover克服，接受；findout找出；go

against違反；lookinto調(diào)查。根據(jù)前文“Imissedoutonalot

offun.”可知，因?yàn)樽髡邿o(wú)法接受自己的這些傷疤，所以他錯(cuò)過(guò)了

生活中的許多樂(lè)趣。故選A。

6.A。考查名詞詞義辨析。burden負(fù)擔(dān)；honor榮譽(yù)；danger危險(xiǎn);

comfort安慰。根據(jù)前文“IcouldnotthefactthatIhad

thesescars”可知，因?yàn)樽髡邿o(wú)法接受自己的這些傷疤，所以這對(duì)

作者來(lái)說(shuō)是負(fù)擔(dān)。故選A。

7.C?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Michelle,別躲了！showing展示;

quitting放棄，停止；hiding躲藏；talking談話。根據(jù)前文描

述"Iwouldhideinahigh-neckeddress,orelseany

swim-suit-wearingactivitiescompletely."可知，作者總是掩

藏自己的傷疤，不想讓別人看到。故選C。

8.Bo考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你得像戴榮譽(yù)勛章一樣戴著它們！

care在乎；wear穿戴；exhibit展覽；collect收集。因?yàn)樽髡?/p>

身上有傷疤，所以此處表示朋友建議作者要像戴榮譽(yù)勛章一樣戴著

它們。故選B。

9.C。考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，我花了15年才發(fā)現(xiàn)她是

對(duì)的。Similarly相似地；Luckily幸運(yùn)地；Unfortunately不幸

地；Excitedly激動(dòng)地。根據(jù)后文“ittookme15years...”

可知，因?yàn)樽髡呋ㄙM(fèi)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才明白朋友說(shuō)的話，所以這對(duì)作者來(lái)

說(shuō)是不幸的。故選C。

10.B?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。reliable可靠的；right對(duì)的；fair

公平的；honest誠(chéng)實(shí)的。根據(jù)后文"Therearesomanypeoplewith

disabilities,buttheydidn't..."和“Butinfact,it'

sjustdamagedskin.It'snotalifesentence.“可知，作

者后來(lái)明白作者說(shuō)的話是對(duì)的。故選B。

11.A?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：有那么多殘疾人，但他們不像我

那樣自憐。pity同情，憐憫；regretful遺憾的，后悔的；

puzzled困惑的；angry生氣的。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可知，這是指殘

疾人不會(huì)對(duì)自己感到惋惜；feelpityfor...為感到惋惜，固

定搭配。故選A。

12.Co考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：疤痕很難處理。hideaway隱藏;

lookat看；dealwith處理；leaveout排除，不包括。根據(jù)前

文描述的作者因?yàn)閭坍a(chǎn)生的生活障礙可知，此處表示傷疤很難處

理。故選C。

13.D?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：我很失望，我花了這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才

戰(zhàn)勝我自己和我的傷疤。surprised驚訝的；convinced說(shuō)服的；

curious好奇的；disappointed失望的。根據(jù)后文“ittookmeso

longtogetovermyselfandmyscars.”描述可知，因?yàn)樽髡呋?/p>

了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才克服自己對(duì)傷疤的心理陰影，所以作者對(duì)自己感到失

望。故選D。

14.Do考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：生活不僅僅是擔(dān)心我們身體上的缺

陷。life生活；character性格；soul靈魂；body身體。根據(jù)

前文“Butinfact,it'sjustdamagedskin.”和前幾段的描

述可知，作者建議我們不要擔(dān)心身體上的缺陷。故選D。

15.C。考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為是負(fù)擔(dān)的，其實(shí)只是戰(zhàn)

場(chǎng)上的傷痕，我可以驕傲地扛在肩上。respect尊重；

responsibility責(zé)任；pride驕傲；anxiety焦慮。根據(jù)前文“Now

whatIonceconsideredburdensareindeedjustbattle

wounds.可知，作者現(xiàn)在認(rèn)清了所謂的傷疤，她可以自豪地去

接受了。故選C。

四、語(yǔ)法填空

1.thato考查同位語(yǔ)從句連接詞。句意：大熊貓被視為保護(hù)工作切實(shí)

有效的活生生的證據(jù)，野生大熊貓的數(shù)量在經(jīng)歷多年的下降后正在

恢復(fù)。空格處引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句解釋說(shuō)明proof,從句句意完整，成分

齊全，應(yīng)該用that引