202x版高考英語總復習 Unit 1 A land of diversity 新人教版選修8

基礎自主梳理│考點分層突破│單元能力提升Unit1Alandofdiversity基礎自主梳理│考點分層突破│當堂跟蹤檢測【單詞回顧】分類識記拓展運用一、基礎識記詞匯Ⅰ.填一填(基礎會書寫)1.____________vi.發(fā)生;出現(xiàn)

2.____________vi.滑動;滑行;滑跤n.滑動;滑倒

3.____________vt.&vi.改革;革新n.改革;改造;改良

4.____________n.手段;方法

5.____________prep.盡管;不管

6.____________vt.&n.租用,雇用

基礎自主梳理meansslipoccurdespitereformhire7._____________adv.無處;到處都無

8._____________vt.&n.抓住;掌握;領會

9._____________vt.插入;嵌入

基礎自主梳理graspnowhereinsertⅡ.填一填(閱讀識其義)1.distinctadj.____________________________2.ministryn.____________________________

3.hardshipn.____________________________

4.boomn.____________vi.____________________________

5.racialadj.____________________________

6.customsn.____________________________

7.mournvt.&vi.____________________________

基礎自主梳理繁榮(政府的)部;(全體)牧師清晰的;明顯的;明確的處于經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展時期苦難;困苦人種的;種族的海關;關稅;進口稅哀悼;悼念;表示悲痛8.justicen.___________________9.percentagen.____________________10.luggagen.______________________11.braken._________________vi.&vt._________________________12.ferryn._________________vt.__________________13.authorityn.________________

基礎自主梳理閘;剎車;制動器百分比;百分率公正;公平剎(車);用制動器減速行李渡船;渡口擺渡;渡運權威;權力Ⅲ.用一用(語境推意)1.[2018·全國卷Ⅲ]Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.____________________2.[2018·浙江卷]In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters…______________________

3.[2018·浙江卷]Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.____________________

基礎自主梳理新興城市悼念一小部分4.[2016·全國卷Ⅰ]However,Mexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyapersoninauthorityratherthanberudetothatpersonbyarguingwithhimorher.____________________基礎自主梳理掌權;有權力二、核心拓展詞匯Ⅰ.填一填(掌握書寫)1._____________vt.選擇;決定做某事;選舉某人→_____________n.選舉

2._____________vt.指出;標示;表明;暗示→_____________n.跡象

3._____________n.大多數(shù);大半→_____________adj.主要的vi.主修n.專業(yè)→minorityn.少數(shù)

4._____________n.申請人→_____________v.申請→_____________n.申請

5._____________adj.顯而易見的;顯然的;表面上的→_______________adv.明顯地

6.__________________n.處罰;懲罰→_____________v.懲罰;處罰

基礎自主梳理indicationelectionelectmajorityindicatemajorapplicantapplyapparentlyapplicationapparentpunishmentpunish7._____________n.正義;公平→________________(反義詞)n.不公平

8.crossingn.橫渡;橫越;十字路口;人行橫道→________________n.十字;交叉

adj.交叉的;生氣的v.使交叉;橫過→________________prep.在……的對面(過)

基礎自主梳理justiceinjusticeacrosscrossⅡ.用一用(境中提升)1.Jackwasworkinginthelabwhenthepowercut______________(occur).

2.So,letusassumethathistoricalbuildingsarebothattractiveandimportanttothe_____________(major)ofpeople.

3.IfIamluckyenough__________________(elect),Iwillmakeeveryefforttoserveforthebenefitsofstudentsandourclub.

4.[2018·全國卷Ⅱ]Studentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthem________________(indicate)theirchoicesandreturntoschool.

基礎自主梳理toindicatemajorityoccurredtobeelected5.[2018·北京卷]______________thepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.

基礎自主梳理Despite【記一記】——詞不離群基礎自主梳理1.單復數(shù)意義不同的名詞小結①custom(風俗)→customs(海關)②manner(方式)→manners(禮貌)③paper(紙)→papers(文件)④art(藝術)→arts(文科)⑤arm(手臂)→arms(武器)⑥brain(腦袋)→brains(腦力)⑦work(工作)→works(作品)2.“選擇”大全①choosevt.選擇②choicen.選擇③selectvt.選擇;挑選;選拔④electvt.推選;選(舉)某人任某職⑤electionn.選舉,選出,當選⑥optionn.選擇,取舍,選擇權;可選擇的東西⑦pickout選出⑧votevt.&vi.選舉;投票【短語掃描】歸納積累一網(wǎng)打盡Ⅰ.填一填(掌握書寫)動詞+介/副詞1.live___________繼續(xù)存在;繼續(xù)生存

2.keep___________堅持;維持;沿襲(風俗、傳統(tǒng)等)

3.mark___________用線畫出范圍;標出……界線

4.take___________包括;吸收

5.teamup___________與……合作或一起工作

6.apply___________申請;請示得到

基礎自主梳理

uponinwithoutfor動詞+名詞7.makea______________習慣于新的生活方式、工作等

介詞+名詞+介詞8.bymeans______________…用……辦法;借助……

其他9.back______________back背靠背

10.______________great/goodmany許多;很多

基礎自主梳理lifeoftoa選用以上短語填空1.Thepolicelookedintothecasecarefullyandfoundthethiefhadenteredthehouse________________aladder.

2.Itishonourableto________________withyourhandswhiledependingonothersisashame.

3.[2018·天津卷]Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,____________allthesights,soundsandsensations.

4.Whomshouldyoucontactifyouwantto____________thejobinRockville?

5.Johnpreferredtogointobusinessaloneratherthan_________________anyoneelse.

基礎自主梳理takeinbymeansofmakealifeapplyforteamupwith【記一記】——詞不離群基礎自主梳理1.“動詞+out”短語再記①bringout闡釋;說明;出版②carryout完成;實施計劃③eout出現(xiàn);傳出;表露;開花④helpout幫助克服困難⑤giveout用盡;耗盡⑥turnout證明⑦workout計算出;擬定出;解決⑧runout用完⑨setout啟程;出發(fā)2.“很多”再回顧alotof;lotsof;anumberof;aquantityof;quantitiesof;agood/greatmany;dozensof;scoresof;manya;morethanone;the/amajorityof背句型(課本這樣講)記公式(公式這樣記)仿句子(高考這樣考)1.___________________________todayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.

那就是為什么今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言。Thatiswhy…那就是為什么……(why引導的表語從句表示結果)1.[2014·浙江卷·書面表達]那就是為什么我推薦另一個類型的書——文學書籍。__________________Iremendanothercategoryofbooks:literarybooks.

Thatiswhy基礎自主梳理【句式再現(xiàn)】攻克句型對接高考Thatiswhy基礎自主梳理背句型(課本這樣講)記公式(公式這樣記)仿句子(高考這樣考)2.________________________beforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.

人們認為,要不了多久,多種國籍的混合將會非常之大,以至于將不會有明顯的主要種族或文化群體,而只是多種族、多文化的混合體。It'sbelievedthat…人們認為……(it是形式主語,that引導主語從句)2.[2017·江蘇卷·書面表達]在未來的一年,中國經(jīng)濟有望中速發(fā)展。________________________China'seconomyistogrowatamediumspeedintheingyear.

ItisbelievedthatItisexpectedthat基礎自主梳理背句型(課本這樣講)記公式(公式這樣記)仿句子(高考這樣考)3.However,__________________NativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.

然而,美洲土著人很可能在至少15000年前就在加利福尼亞州生活著。Itislikelythat…有可能……3.[2017·浙江卷·應用文寫作]爬完山后我們有可能會在山腳下的湖邊進行一次野餐。___________________wewillhaveapicnicbythelakeatthefootofthemountainafterclimbingthemountain.

itislikelythatItislikelythatmajority

n.大多數(shù);大半·經(jīng)典例句[教材原句P2]OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.在首批移居加利福尼亞的西班牙人中,大部分是宗教人士,他們的職責是向當?shù)厝藗魇谔熘鹘??？键c分層突破核心詞匯考點分層突破·歸納拓展①beinthe/amajority構成大部分/大多數(shù)amajorityoversb 超過對方的票數(shù)②majoradj. 大的;主要的n. 主修課程;專業(yè)課v. 主修,專攻majorin 主修,專攻③minorityn. 少數(shù);少數(shù)民族【名師指津】“the/amajorityof+名詞”表示“大多數(shù)”,謂語動詞的數(shù)與of后面的名詞保持一致;themajority單獨作主語時,謂語動詞用單復數(shù)均可。

·即學即練單句語法填空(1)Themajorityofthecustoms_____________________(keep)uptillnow.

(2)Themajorityofthedamage__________________(be)easytorepair.(3)Nowthenumberofstudentsintheclass______________(be)50andthemajorityofthem________________(be)immigrants.

考點分層突破havebeenkeptisisare2elect

v.選擇;決定;選舉·經(jīng)典例句(1)[教材原句P2]BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobeethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.到1850年加利福尼亞選擇成為美國第31個州的時候,它已經(jīng)是一個有著多元文化的社會了。(2)Theschoolboardismadeupofparentswhohavebeenelectedtomakedecisionsaboutschoolaffairs.學校董事會是由被選出的對學校事務做出決定的家長們組成的。考點分層突破考點分層突破·歸納拓展①electsb(as/tobe)選舉某人(為)……electsbto… 選舉某人進入……electtodosth 選擇或決定做某事②election n.選舉·即學即練完成句子(1)我的英語是如此好,以至于被選為英語老師的助手。MyEnglishissoexcellentthat____________________assistanttomyEnglishteacher.

(2)如果我足夠幸運能贏得選舉,我要做的第一件事就是豐富學生們的課外活動。______________________________________________,thefirstthingIwilldoistoenrichourstudents'after-classactivities.

考點分層突破IamelectedasIfIamluckyenoughtowintheelection3occurvi.(occurred,occurred;occurring)發(fā)生;存在;出現(xiàn)·經(jīng)典例句(1)Astheywentdown,theweathergotworse.Thenanothertroubleoccurred.當他們往下走的時候,天氣變得更糟糕。接著另一個麻煩出現(xiàn)了。(2)Itoccurredtoherthatshecouldsolvetheprobleminanotherway.她突然想到她可以用另一種方法來解決這個問題。(3)Itdidn'toccurtohimtoaskforhelp.他沒想到尋求幫助?？键c分層突破考點分層突破·歸納拓展①②sbesupwithsth 某人想出(答案、計劃)·即學即練[鏈接寫作]一句多譯她突然想到她應該收養(yǎng)這個無家可歸的孩子。(1)_________________________sheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.

(2)_________________________sheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.

(3)_________________________sheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.

考點分層突破ItoccurredtoherthatItstruckherthatIthitherthat4indicatevt.指出;標示;表明;暗示·經(jīng)典例句(1)[教材原句P7]Trytousetheexpressionsabovetoindicatethatyouarelisteningcarefullytoyourpartner.試著用上面的表達來表明你在認真聽你搭檔的講述。(2)[2016·四川卷]Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleep…早前的研究也表明牛奶對于幫助睡眠有極好的效果……考點分層突破(3)Asindicatedinthepicture,ifthemaniswillingtolookforotherpossibilities,hecanfindabetterandmorerewardingwaytoachievehisgoal.正如圖片中顯示的那樣,如果這個人愿意尋找其他的可能性,他能找到一個更好的、更有益的方式來實現(xiàn)他的目標?？键c分層突破考點分層突破·歸納拓展①indicatesth(tosb)(向某人)暗示、示意某事indicate(tosb)that… (向某人)表示或示意……②indicationn. 指出;表明·即學即練單句語法填空(1)ThehorseisafrequentthemeinChinesepainting,______________(indicate)akindofadvancement.

(2)Heindicated____________________methatwecouldneverbegoodfriendsagain.

考點分層突破indicatingto

對點訓練語境語法填空MaXianfu1.______________(elect)asheadoftownshipin1987bythe2.___________(major)ofthevoters.Heevenhadhair3.___________(shave)offtoshowhisdeterminationtoleadthevillagerstogetrich.Hewasoneofthosewhofirst4.____________(grasp)thecountry'spolicyofopeninguptotheoutsideworld.Byreformingthemanagementsystem,thelocalpanieswerebooming.Unfortunately,anaccident5.____________(occur),inwhichMaXianfulosthislife.Thatday,he6.______________(slip)考點分層突破majority

waselectedshavedgraspedoccurredslippedontheicyroad,andthenacarranhimover.Peoplefromallsidesgatheredtomourntheoutstandingleader.Thestory7.____________(indicate)thatagoodleaderplaysavitalroleinlocaleconomicdevelopment.

考點分層突破indicates

bymeansof

用……辦法;借助·經(jīng)典例句Bymeansofcontrolledrelease,Ionlyneedtodeliverbookstootherparticipants.Notonlyarebookssharedbutitcanbuildupabridgeconnectingreadersfromdifferentpartsoftheworldaswell.通過定向分享,我只需要把書寄給其他的參與者,這不僅分享了書而且還在來自世界不同地區(qū)的讀者之間架起了一座橋梁?？键c分層突破高頻短語考點分層突破·歸納拓展bythismeans用這種方法byallmeans 當然行,可以,沒問題;務必,一定bynomeans 一點也不,絕不byanymeans 無論如何【名師指津】(1)means表示“方式,方法”時,單復數(shù)同形。當means作主語且有every,each等詞修飾時,謂語動詞用單數(shù);由some,several,few,many等詞修飾時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)。(2)當短語bynomeans置于句首時,句子要用部分倒裝結構?？键c分層突破·即學即練(1)用means的相關短語完成下面語段①___________________,asstudents,weshouldmasteraforeignlanguage②___________________ourdiligence.What'smore,③____________________shouldwewasteouryouth.

(2)單句語法填空Everypossiblemeans①___________________(try),butnoneworks.

=Allpossiblemeans②___________________(try),butnoneworks.

考點分層突破Byanymeansbymeansofbynomeanshasbeentriedhavebeentried2keepup堅持;維持;沿襲(風俗、傳統(tǒng)等)·經(jīng)典例句(1)[教材原句P2]In1911immigrantsfromDenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown,whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirDanishculture.從丹麥來的移民在1911年建立了他們自己的城鎮(zhèn),今天它仍然沿襲著他們的丹麥文化。(2)Infact,progresshasallowedtraditiontokeepup.事實上,進步讓傳統(tǒng)得以延續(xù)。考點分層突破考點分層突破·歸納拓展keepupwith跟上,不落后;與……并肩前進keepupone'sspirits 振作精神keepuptodate 使跟上時代keepawayfrom (使某人/事物)不靠近某人/事物keepintouchwith 與某人保持聯(lián)系keepsb/sthout(ofsth) 不讓某人/某物進入(某處)keep(on)doing 繼續(xù)做;重復做·即學即練寫出下列各句中keepup的漢語意思(1)Weareveryanxioustokeepupthereputationofthefirm.____________________________________________(2)Inspiteoftheunfavourableweather,thegrainoutputofthefarmkeptupandevenincreasedalittle.__________________________________(3)TheworkistoodifficultformeandIamnotabletokeepup.______________________

(4)Idon'twanttokeepyouup;youlookverysleepy.__________

考點分層突破保持(名譽、友誼、勇氣、熱情等)(產(chǎn)量、位置等)不下降趕上,跟上熬夜(5)Ican'tkeepupwithallthechangesbecauseI'mtooold.___________

(6)Thehistoricmansionwaspresentedbytheownertothecity,andisnowkeptupbythelocalauthorities.___________________

考點分層突破跟得上保養(yǎng),維修3takein包括;吸收;理解;欺騙;收留考點分層突破·歸納拓展takeoff起飛;匆匆離去;脫下takeon 呈現(xiàn);雇用;承擔takeover 接收;接管;取代takeup 占去;占據(jù);開始從事takedown 拿下;寫下;記下takeback 收回;取回·經(jīng)典例句(1)Lesleyexplainspossibletreatmentsbutyoucantellshe'snottakingthemin.萊斯莉解釋了各種可行的療法,不過,你可以看出來,她并沒有領會。(2)Inthepastfewyears,thevillagehastakenonanewlook.在過去的幾年中,這個村莊呈現(xiàn)出了新面貌?！ぜ磳W即練寫出下列各句中takein的含義(1)Thefarmertookinthelosttravellersforthenight.__________考點分層突破收留(2)Whilereadingpopularsciencebooks,wecantakeinmorebasicknowledge.__________(3)TheUnitedKingdomtakesinEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland.__________(4)Lackingnecessarysocialexperience,teenagerstendtobetakeninbyillpeople.__________(5)Beforeyoutranslateasentence,youshouldfirsttakeinthemeaningofthewords.__________

考點分層突破吸收包括欺騙理解

對點訓練運用所學短語完成下列短文AttractedbythebeautyofHuangshan,I1.___________________(與……一起)myfriendstotravelthere.Ontheway,thebuswassocrowdedthatwehadtosit2._______________(背靠背).Whenwearrivedthere,wefoundthat3.________________(許多)travellershadalreadyarrived.To4.__________(吸收)enoughfreshair,weraisedourheadsregularly.Differentscenicspotsweredistinctly5.________________(標出).Thepeopletherewerefriendlyandtheymadealiving6.__________________(通過)sellingsouvenirs.考點分層突破teamedupwithbacktobacktakeinagoodmanymarkedoutbymeansofItisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.(教材P3)人們認為,要不了多久,多種國籍的混合將會非常之大,以至于將不會有明顯的主要的種族或文化群體,而只是多種族、多文化的混合體。·句型公式考點分層突破重點句型Itisbelievedthat…人們認為……·歸納拓展在該句型中,it是形式主語,that引導的從句是真正的主語。類似的句型還有:It'ssaid/known/thought/supposed/reportedthat…此類句型也可轉化為“從句主語+be+過去分詞+不定式”的形式,即sb/sthissaid/known/thought/supposed/reported/believedtodo/tohavedone考點分層突破·經(jīng)典例句(1)It'sgenerallybelievedthatpeopleactthewaytheydobecauseoftheirpersonalitiesandattitudes.人們普遍認為人的性格和態(tài)度決定人的行為。(2)ItissaidthatChina'sbuzzword,Addoil,hasbeeninOxfordEnglishDictionary.據(jù)說中國時髦熱詞“Addoil(加油)”已經(jīng)被收入《牛津英語詞典》?？键c分層突破·即學即練完成句子(1)人們普遍認為沿襲一些好的傳統(tǒng)是非常重要的。_______________________________itisveryimportanttokeepupsomegoodtraditions.

(2)據(jù)說那本書是今年的暢銷書。Thebook_______________________________________________________.

考點分層突破It'sgenerallybelievedthatisbelievedtobethebest-sellerofthisyear

對點訓練語境改錯JacklikesexploringtheAmazoninBrazil,buthenevertakeschances;that'sbecausehehassurvivedwhilemostofhispartnershaven't.Hepreferstomakecarefulplansinadvanceratherthanriskhislifetodothingsthatareboundtofail.Lastweek,JackbegananothertriptotheAmazon.FirsthearrivedinthatisknownasManaus,acitywhereisbeli-evedthatsomeplacesofinterestarewellworthavisit.ProvincePalaceisoneofthem.Buildingin1874,thisbuildingusedtoserveaspolicehead-quarters.Today,itishometoseveraldifferentorganization.考點分層突破

JacklikesexploringtheAmazoninBrazil,buthenevertakeschances;that'sbecausehehassurvivedwhilemostofhispartnershaven't.Hepreferstomakecarefulplansinadvanceratherthanriskhislifetodothingsthatareboundtofail.Lastweek,JackbegananothertriptotheAmazon.FirsthearrivedinthatisknownasManaus,acitywhere∧isbeli-evedthatsomeplacesofinterestarewellworthavisit.Province考點分層突破whywhatitPalaceisoneofthem.Buildingin1874,thisbuildingusedtoserveaspolicehead-quarters.Today,itishometoseveraldifferentorganization.考點分層突破BuiltorganizationsⅠ.單句語法填空1.Totheseforeigners,itisallabouthowtostayandmake___________lifehereforthemselves.

2.Itisnotrarein_____________1990sthatpeopleintheirfiftiesaregoingtouniversityforfurthereducation.

3.Amongthemembersofthemitteethosewhoareinfavouroftheplanare___________themajority.

4.Besides,IhavesuchagoodmandofEnglishthatI_____________(elect)asassistanttomyEnglishteacher.

當堂跟蹤檢測atheinamelected5.Itneveroccurred__________himthathiscarelessnesscoulddosuchgreatharmtohimself.

6.FrankHurley,aconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarctic,_______________(hire)tomaketheimages,mostofwhichhaveneverbeforebeenpublished.

7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceourcountry________________(reform)andopenedtotheoutsideworld40yearsago.

8.Itwasreportedthatagreatmanycollegestudents__________________(send)totheWesttohelpthechildrenthere.

當堂跟蹤檢測toreformedwashiredweresent9.Justasis_________________(apparent)indicatedinitsbrochure,thereareagoodmanyvaluablecollections.

10.Thereisagreatdealofevidence______________(indicate)thatlisteningtosoftmusiccanreducestress.

Ⅱ.短語填空1.To______________________goodrelationshipswithyourteachersandclassmates,youshouldlearntobeongoodtermswiththem.

當堂跟蹤檢測apparentlyindicatingkeepupmarkout,takein,teamupwith,keepup,applyfor2.He__________________hisbrotherinthedoubles,whichdrewmuchattentionoftheaudience.

3.MrBrownsentane-mailtothemanager,________________ajobinthepany.

4.Inthewild,differentcatsusually_________________theirownarea,soothercatsknowtostayaway.

5.Theseteenagersdon'tknowmuchoftheworldyet;that'swhytheyaresoeasily________________.

當堂跟蹤檢測teamedupwithapplyingformarkouttakeninⅢ.句型訓練1.他沒理解這個問題,所以他的回答沒有切中要害。(that'swhy)Hedidnotunderstandthequestion.___________________