高考總復(fù)習優(yōu)化設(shè)計二輪用書英語(新高考)七選五　考點分類練4　邏輯關(guān)系類

考點分類練(四)邏輯關(guān)系類(限時:25分鐘)Passage1(2023山東泰安二模)HowtosetupaLibraryofThingsInsteadofcluttering(亂堆放)ourhomes,garagesandtheplanet,settingupaLibraryofThingsallowsneighbourstoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoods.1Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.Here’showtostartyourown:

Talktoyourneighbours2Dotheyfeeltheirhomeistoocluttered?Dotheywanttodotheirbitfortheenvironmentandspendlessmoney?Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona“wishlist”ofitemstheycouldborrow.

FindaspaceStartsmallinsomeone’sgarageorlocalmarkettoseewhatitemsaremostpopular.Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfallsuchaslibrariesorcommunityhubs.3

WhystartaLibraryofThings?Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!4InspiredbytoollibrariesintheUSandlendinglibrariesinBerlin,westartedasmallLibraryofThingslocallyandsevenyearslaterwe’rerunningfiveLibraryofThingslocationsacrossLondon.

Whatotherimpactonthelocalarea?We’verunverysuccessfuleventsledbyborrowerssuchasmendingmeetups,sewingclasses,DIYclasses.5Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinessesatthemarketbyusingouritems.Andforevery￡10someonespendsonborrowing,￡8stayslocally,creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalcommunityspaces.

A.Findoutiflocalpeopleneedasharinglibrary.B.TheLibraryofThingshasamultipliereffectlocally.C.You’llneedsomemoneytosetupyoursharinglibrary.D.Butinruralareas,amobilesharinglibrarycouldwork.E.Wewerealsogettingannoyedaboutwastewewerecreating.F.Speaktootherswhohavedoneitandarewillingtosharetheirknowledge.G.Affordable,convenientandenvironmental-friendly,sharinglibrariesarepoppingup.Passage2(2023廣東潮州二模)MyheartwentouttothedramateacherIreadaboutinarecentnewsitem.EachparentfromherclassinsistedthatshecasttheirownchildasSnowWhite.Thisremindedmeofmyseventhgrademusical—“TheAdventuresofTomSawyer”.IdesperatelywantedtoplaytheroleofBecky,thefemaleleadwhowasTom’sgirlfriend.1

Forstarters,Beckyhadtosingnumeroussolos,andIcouldn’tcarryatuneinabucket.Ialsodidn’thavelongblondecurlslikeprettyLindaWrightwhowonthepart.Iwasassignedthenon-singingroleofMissWatson,themaid.Ihadtowearanuglydress.AndIhadonlyonelinetolearn,“That’swhatIsay.”2MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes,andgottorepeat“That’swhatIsay”throughouttheplay.

Atlast,ourproductionwasputonstage.ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith“That’swhatIsay”.Ihadn’tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny,orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.3

Thatnight,Ibegantounderstandthatbeingthestarmaynotbeanymorefunthanbeingastand-outinasupportingrole.Eachperson,onstageandbackstage,isessentialintheater.Withouteveryonedoingtheirpart,theplaywouldbedullasdirt.4Ifeveryone’sastarthennothinggetsdone.It’sallnoiseandchaos.

AndsoIbelieveallchildrenshouldgettheopportunitytoplayMissWatson,tobecomesomeonetheydidn’tknowtheywantedtobe.5

A.Soitisinlife.B.Itwasnottobe.C.Itwasanythingbutagreatpart.D.MyMissWatsonturnedouttobeahit.E.Ittooktheentirecasttomakeagoodshow.F.Therewasanadvantage,inmyopinion,though.G.Iwouldhopeallchildrencouldbeahitinlife.Passage3(2023山東青島二模)Thebenefitsofwalkingaremany,butdecidinghowmanymilestocoverandhowmuchtimetospendwalkingeachdayisanothermatter.StudieshaveshownthattheaverageAmericantakesbetween3,000and4,000stepsdailydoingeverydaythings—about1.5to2miles.1ButtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)advisesmostadultstoaimfor10,000stepsadayorabout5miles.Andtherecommendationcontributestomorepositivehealthoutcomes.

2Youcanmeasureyoureffortsinquantitiesoftimeinstead.“Asawalker,youshouldaimforatleast30minutesperday,oratotalof150minutesperweek,”saysAustin,alicensedpsychotherapist.What’smore,if30minutesofwalkingisunrealisticforyoutodoallatonce,thenbreakingitupintothreeshort,10-minutesessions.3

Itmayalsobehelpfultohealthtomakewalkingapartofone’sdailyroutine.Peoplecantakethestairsinsteadoftheelevator,parkattheotherendofthelotandwalkafurtherdistancetoastore’sentrancewhenshopping.4Thenwalktherestofthewayhome.Alltheseadditionalstepscanbeacquiredcreatively,beyondfixedwalkingtime.

Ontopofsuchphysicalbenefits,walkinghasbeenshowntoimprovesleepandmentalhealthincludingmoodandself-esteem.5Therefore,itisfreeandwellacceptedbythemajorityofpeople.Ifoneisreadytoimproveoveralllevelsoffitness,walkingticksalltherightboxes.

A.Combinewalkingwitheverydayroutine.B.Theywillprovidethesamehealthbenefits.C.Whatifcountingresultsbymilesisn’tyourthing?D.Still,whynotgetoffpublictransportationastopearly?E.Walkingsessionsshouldbecontinuoustobebeneficial.F.Thatamountalonehasbeenshowntolowerone’sdeathrisk.G.Walkingrequiresnospecialequipment,gymmembershiportraining.Passage4(2023湖南懷化二模)Ifyouwanttomemorizesomethingquicklyandthoroughly,repetitionwon’tcutit.1Belowaresomeuniversalstepstomasteringtheartofrecallingsothatyoucanstartmemorizingatonofdatainashortamountoftime.

Makepreparations.Paycloseattentiontowhichenvironmentyouchoose.Formostpeople,thismeanschoosinganareawithfewdistractions.Figureoutwhatismostbeneficialtoyourlearningsothatyoucangetstarted.Next,startdrinkingsometea.2

Recordwhatyou’rememorizing.Thisisespeciallyusefulifyou’retryingtomemorizeinformationfromalecture.Useataperecordertotrackalloftheacquiredfactsbeingspokenandlistentoit.Ifyou’retryingtomemorizeaspeech,recordyourselfreadingthespeechaloudandlistentoyourselfspeaking.3

Beforeyoustarttryingtorecalleverythingfrommemory,writeandre-writetheinformation.Nowthatyouhaveeverythingwrittendowninonesetofnotes,separatethemintosections.Youcanusecolorcodingtodifferentiatebetweensubjects.Thiswillhelpyoubecomemorefamiliarwithwhatyou’retryingtomemorize.Applyrepetitiontoaccumulatedmemorization.4Asyoumemorizeeachsetofthetext,accumulateitbyaddingthenewinformationtowhatyou’vejustlearned.Thiswillkeepeverythingwithinyourshort-termmemoryfromfading.Keepdoingthisuntilyouhavememorizedthatsectionandyouareabletorecalltheentirething.Donotmoveontoanothersectionuntilyouhavememorizedthatonecompletely.

Teachittosomeone(oryourself).ThemosteffectivemethodformewhenIwasinschoolwastoteachtheinformationtosomeoneelse.5Ifwhatyou’velearnedneedstoberecitedliterally,thendothisinfrontofsomeoneaswellinordertogetafeelforwhatitwillbeliketorecitethetexttotheintendedaudience.

Takeabreak.Finally,letyourmindbreathe.Goforashorttimewithoutthinkingaboutwhatyoujustlearnedandcomebacktoitlateron.You’llfindoutwhatyoureallyknow,ofcourse,andthiswillhelpyoufocusonthesectionsyoumightbeweakestat.A.Recallentiresections.B.However,recallingsomethingwill.C.Writeeverythingdownandsectionyournotes.D.Youcanlecturetheknowledgetosomeonesittingrightinfrontofyou.E.Foreachlineofthetext,repeatitafewtimesandtrytorecallitwithoutlooking.F.Whiledoingunrelatedtasks,goovertheinformationbylisteningtoyourtaperecordings.G.Manyscientificstudieshaveconfirmedgreenteaasanaturalfuelforimprovingmemory.答案：考點分類練(四)邏輯關(guān)系類Passage1[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了開設(shè)一家共享物品館的步驟和它對社會經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)生的積極作用。1.G上文“Insteadofclutteringourhomes,garagesandtheplanet,settingupaLibraryofThingsallowsneighbourstoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoods.”提到要建立物品館,可知,空處承接上文,指出物品館出現(xiàn)了,與G項“價格合理、方便且環(huán)保的共享物品館正在涌現(xiàn)”符合,同時和下文“Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,說明雖然共享物品館涌現(xiàn),但是人們沒有去借書而是租借了其他物品。2.A根據(jù)下文“Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona‘wishlist’ofitemstheycouldborrow.”可知,通過鏈接可以讓人們對于可以借的物品進行投票是對A項“了解當?shù)厝耸欠裥枰蚕砦锲佛^”內(nèi)容的承接,指出了解當?shù)厝耸欠駥蚕砦锲佛^有需求這一問題的具體做法就是通過在網(wǎng)上讓人們投票。3.D根據(jù)上文“Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfallsuchaslibrariesorcommunityhubs.”可知,上文介紹了在城市的哪些地方可以找到空間建立共享物品館,與D項“但在農(nóng)村地區(qū),移動共享物品館可以發(fā)揮作用”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,表明在鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)共享物品館的形式和城市中的情況有所不同。4.E根據(jù)上文“Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!”可知,我們不想為搭架子的工具花錢,和E項“我們也對自己制造的浪費感到惱火”都是對小標題“為什么建立物品館”的原因舉例說明。5.B上文“We’verunverysuccessfulevents”及下文“Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinesses...creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalcommunityspaces.”是對B項“物品館在當?shù)鼐哂谐藬?shù)效應(yīng)”中的multipliereffect這一概念進行了解釋說明,乘數(shù)效應(yīng)是指在公共工程項目之后帶來的消費水平和私人投資水平的上升,因為物品館舉辦的活動使人們的就業(yè)機會增加并支持了當?shù)氐纳鐓^(qū)空間。Passage2[語篇解讀]本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過小時候一次戲劇表演中成功扮演了一個小角色的經(jīng)歷告訴我們生活中每個孩子都有機會取得成功。1.B根據(jù)空前的“IdesperatelywantedtoplaytheroleofBecky,thefemaleleadwhowasTom’sgirlfriend.”可知,作者非常想扮演貝基這個角色,但是根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知,因為作者自身的條件,她演貝基這個角色是不可能的。由設(shè)空處上下文內(nèi)容可知,此處應(yīng)是一個承上啟下的句子,所以B項“Itwasnottobe.”符合題意。2.F根據(jù)空后的“MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes,andgottorepeat‘That’swhatIsay’throughouttheplay.”可知,作者雖然扮演的是個小角色,但是,作者認為對她來說是好事,因為她只需要說一句臺詞“那就是我說的”。所以F項“Therewasanadvantage,inmyopinion,though.”符合題意,空后的句子是對設(shè)空處句子的解釋。3.D根據(jù)空前的“ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatson...hercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.”可知,作者扮演的沃森小姐很受歡迎、很成功。所以D項“MyMissWatsonturnedouttobeahit.”符合題意。4.A由空前的“Eachperson,onstageandbackstage,isessentialintheater.Withouteveryonedoingtheirpart,theplaywouldbedullasdirt.”可知,作者認為在戲劇中,臺上和后臺的每個人都是必不可少的。而根據(jù)空后的“Ifeveryone’sastarthennothinggetsdone.It’sallnoiseandchaos.”可知,作者把演戲和生活聯(lián)系在一起,生活中也不可能人人都是明星。所以,設(shè)空處的句子應(yīng)該是一個承上啟下的句子,故選A項。5.G由第四段內(nèi)容可知,作者扮演的沃森小姐很受歡迎、很成功。再由空前的“AndsoIbelieveallchildrenshouldgettheopportunitytoplayMissWatson,tobecomesomeonetheydidn’tknowtheywantedtobe.”可知,作者認為所有的孩子都應(yīng)該有機會扮演沃森小姐,也就是說所有的孩子都有機會成功。故選G項。Passage3[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了日常生活中步行的好處。1.F根據(jù)空前“StudieshaveshownthattheaverageAmericantakesbetween3,000and4,000stepsdailydoingeverydaythings—about1.5to2miles.”可知,這里繼續(xù)介紹每天走3000到4000步的好處——可以降低死亡風險。故選F項。2.C根據(jù)空后“Youcanmeasureyoureffortsinquantitiesoftimeinstead.”可知,如果不喜歡用多少英里計算步行,也可以用時間來衡量。所以C項“Whatifcountingresultsbymilesisn’tyourthing?”符合上下文語境。3.B根據(jù)空前“What’smore,if30minutesofwalkingisunrealisticforyoutodoallatonce,thenbreakingitupintothreeshort,10-minutesessions.”可知,不管是連續(xù)步行30分鐘還是分成三個10分鐘完成都能達到同樣的健康好處。所以B項“Theywillprovidethesamehealthbenefits.”符合上下文語境。4.D根據(jù)空后“Thenwalktherestofthewayhome.”可知,這里介紹日常生活中坐公共汽車可以提前一站下車,走著回家,達到步行鍛煉的目的。故選D項。5.G根據(jù)空后“Therefore,itisfreeandwellacceptedbythemajorityofpeople.”可知,前后句是因果關(guān)系,