2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit3CelebrationsPartⅢ語法專題被動(dòng)語態(tài)學(xué)案北師大版必修第一冊

PartⅢ語法專題——被動(dòng)語態(tài)(1)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用途[視察1]Theplanwassuccessfullycarriedout.這個(gè)安排勝利地實(shí)施了。Manyhousesweredestroyedinthehurricane.許多房子在颶風(fēng)中被毀。[發(fā)覺1]當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，將承受者作為談話的中心時(shí)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。[視察2]Alltheworkhasbeenfinishedbynow.到現(xiàn)在為止，全部的工作都做完了。Theoldstonebridgewasbuiltinthe1870s.這座古老的石橋建于19世紀(jì)70年頭。[發(fā)覺2]當(dāng)不必知道或不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。[視察3]Thewindowglassofthecarwasbrokenbyastone.這輛汽車的車窗玻璃是被石頭擊碎的。Theprogrammewillbebroadcastbythelocalradiostation.這個(gè)節(jié)目將由當(dāng)?shù)仉娕_(tái)播放。[發(fā)覺3]當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不是人而是無生命的事物時(shí)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。[高考題例/即學(xué)即練]①在城市高校的其次年，我被告知教化部門供應(yīng)了一門“免費(fèi)的”課程，叫“思維棋”……Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,I__________________(tell)thattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga“free”course,calledThinkingChess...②回到家里，埃勒斯被那只丟失的狗困擾著。Backhome,Ehlers__________________(trouble)thatlostdog.③全部的騎乘者都配有反光馬夾和平安燈。Allriders__________________(equip...with)reflectivevestsandsafetylights.④一名救援工作者冒著生命危急勝利解救了兩名被困山中兩天的游客。Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho__________________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.(2)各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成[視察]①Breakfastisprovidedforfreeinourhotel.我們旅館免費(fèi)供應(yīng)早餐。②Iwasinvitedtoattendthepartylastweek.上周我被邀請去參與了聚會(huì)。③Thefactorywillbecompletedintwomonths.這家工廠將在兩個(gè)月后完工。④Theriverisbeingpollutedbythefactorydayandnight.這條河流正日日夜夜地被這家工廠污染。⑤Thehurtplayerwasbeingsenttothehospital.那位受傷隊(duì)員正在被送往醫(yī)院。⑥Allthedisheshavebeeneatenup.全部的菜都被吃完了。⑦Alltheworkhadbeenfinishedbeforewegotthere.我們到那兒之前，全部的工作都做完了。⑧Themuseumwillhavebeenbuiltby2024.到2024年時(shí)，這個(gè)博物館就會(huì)蓋好了。[發(fā)覺]各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)謂語的構(gòu)成視察例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)am/is/are＋過去分詞①一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)was/were＋過去分詞②一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)will/shallbe＋過去分詞③現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)am/is/arebeing＋過去分詞④過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)was/werebeing＋過去分詞⑤現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)has/havebeen＋過去分詞⑥過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)hadbeen＋過去分詞⑦將來完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)will/shallhavebeen＋過去分詞⑧[高考題例/即學(xué)即練]①這周我的洗衣機(jī)正在修理，因此我不得不用手洗我的衣服。Mywashingmachine______________(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.②但是，在1897年，那兒發(fā)覺了金子，兩年之后，它就成了西部最大的城市之一，人口有30000。Butgold__________________(discover)therein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30，000.③狗的飲食習(xí)慣須要有規(guī)律的訓(xùn)練才能正確建立。Adog'seatinghabitrequiresregulartrainingbeforeitisproperly__________________(establish).④農(nóng)村的學(xué)校教化只分為夏季和冬季兩個(gè)學(xué)期，這樣做可以讓孩子們在春播和秋收時(shí)有時(shí)間在農(nóng)場給大人幫忙。Ruralschooling________(divide)intosummerandwinterterms,leavingkidsfreetohelpwiththefarmworkinthespringplantingandfallharvestseasons.(3)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的其他構(gòu)成[視察]①Somethingmustbedonetostoptheseaccidents.必需實(shí)行某種措施以防止這些事故。②Wegotdelayedbecauseoftheholidaytraffic.因?yàn)楣?jié)日交通堵塞，所以我們被耽擱了。③Gooduseismadeofthenewlibrary.這個(gè)新圖書館的利用率很高。[發(fā)覺]①含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成。②在英語口語中，有時(shí)可用“get＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。③“動(dòng)詞＋名詞＋介詞”構(gòu)成的短語動(dòng)詞可以把名詞提前構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)，留意別漏掉介詞。[高考題例/即學(xué)即練]①只有經(jīng)過培訓(xùn)才能運(yùn)用滅火器。Useafireextinguisheronlyifyou____________________(train)todoso.②一部英文電影短片，叫《一起成長》，將于晚上7：30在學(xué)校禮堂放映。AnEnglishshortfilm,calledGrowingTogether,will________________(show)intheschoolhallat7：30pm.③你必需叫伊麗莎白·加拉格爾，并且有加拿大護(hù)照。Youmustbe________(name)ElizabethGallagherandhaveaCanadianpassport.④與此同時(shí)，我的馬受驚了，跳了起來，四處狂奔。Meanwhile,myhorsegot________(frighten),jumpedup,andranaroundwildly.(4)主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)[視察]Thesebookssellwell.這些書很暢銷。Theplanprovedpractical.這個(gè)安排證明是可行的。Thedoorwon'tlock.門鎖不上。Thepenwritessmoothly.這只鋼筆寫起來很流暢。[發(fā)覺]有些不及物動(dòng)詞或短語表示主語的某種屬性，常用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。如：read,prove,write,sell,wash,wear,open,cook,lock,shut,turnout,workout等。[高考題例/即學(xué)即練]①帕爾森和她的丈夫現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為戒指可能被掃進(jìn)一堆廚房垃圾里了……Parsonsandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot________(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbish...②它(地鐵)涂有白色的隧道，亮麗的紅色車廂，證明特別受公眾歡迎。Ithadwhitepaintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,and________(prove)extremelypopularwiththepublic.③有些妥協(xié)是不行避開的，但是該錄像結(jié)果特別完備。Somecompromiseswereunavoidable,butthevideo______________(turnout)perfect.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Whenyougoabroad,you'llfindthatsomanyproductsinlocalshops________(make)inChina.2．Thoughsheoftenmakesherlittlebrothercry,shewasmade________(cry)byhimthismorning.3．Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeople'slifealotsinceit________(invent).4．Thislisteningmaterial,togetherwithitsCD-ROMs,________(sell)well.5．—Excuseme,I'mlookingforBetheBestofYourself.—Sorry.Thebookyouaskfor________(sell)out.6．Afterschoolwewenttothereadingroomtodosomereading,onlytobetoldthatit________(decorate).7．Ifnothing________(do),theoceanswillturnintofishdeserts.8．Unlesssomeextramoney________(find),thetheatrewillclose.9．Whenfatandsalt________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.10．Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget________(pay)bythehour.Ⅱ.翻譯句子1．這本書出版于1988年。________________________________________________________________________2．地球表面大部分被水覆蓋。________________________________________________________________________3．這本書值得一讀。________________________________________________________________________4．那個(gè)男孩吸煙時(shí)被逮住了。________________________________________________________________________5．不應(yīng)當(dāng)夏天種樹。________________________________________________________________________Ⅲ.單句語法填空(高考題改編)1．Ihearyou________(invite)todinneratyourChinesefriend'shouse.2．Thecity________(crowd)withdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCity.3．Oncehismessage________(deliver),heallowedmetostayandwatch.4．Mywashingmachine________(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.5．Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.Ⅳ.語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Wehaveanoldmusicalinstrument.It1.________(call)aclavichord(古鋼琴).It2.________(make)inGermanyin1681.Ourclavichord3.________(keep)inthelivingroom.It4.________(belong)toourfamilyforalongtime.Theinstrument5.________(buy)bymygrandfathermanyyearsago.Recentlyit6.________(damage)byavisitor.Shetriedtoplayjazzonit!Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestrings7.________(break).Myfather8.________(shock).Nowwe9.________(notallow)totouchit.It10.________(repair)byafriendofmyfather'snow.PartⅢ語法專題——被動(dòng)語態(tài)1．①wastold②wastroubledby③areequippedwith④had