2017屆中考英語語法知識點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)測試7

在初中英語學(xué)業(yè)水平考試中，詞匯應(yīng)用是英語測試中的一種必考題型，主要考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力以及對所學(xué)詞匯的運(yùn)用能力，具有一定的靈活性和綜合性。在做題時考生要了解短文大意及相關(guān)的語境，然后根據(jù)上下文提供的信息來確定所給詞的適當(dāng)形式?？键c(diǎn)2016201520142013名詞單復(fù)數(shù)及所有格1次(復(fù)數(shù))1次(復(fù)數(shù))1次(復(fù)數(shù))1次(所有格)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1次(n.-adv.)3次(adj.-adv.，adv.不變，基-序)1次(adv.-adj.)3次(adj.-adv.，n.-adj.，基-序)動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)1次(語態(tài))2次(時態(tài))1次(語態(tài))1次(時態(tài))1次(時態(tài))1次(語態(tài))3次(時態(tài))動詞短語搭配1次2次2次代詞1次1次1次形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級2次(比較級)1次(最高級)1次(比較級)1次(比較級)非謂語動詞3次2次2次1次形容詞變反義詞1次1次1次第三人稱單數(shù)1次1次縱觀近幾年來的詞匯應(yīng)用題，我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)有以下幾個特點(diǎn)：1.動詞形式的變化是考查的重點(diǎn)，包括動詞短語的運(yùn)用。2.可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)變化、名詞所有格、不可數(shù)名詞、人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞、形容詞的比較級和最高級、形容詞和副詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換等是?？嫉膬?nèi)容。3.非謂語動詞的考查近三年受到青睞。2016年考查了介詞+doing；makesb.do和動詞不定式三種形式。在今后的復(fù)習(xí)中，要加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)語法知識的背誦。詞匯應(yīng)用題考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上對詞匯、語法等知識的綜合運(yùn)用能力。近幾年中考詞匯應(yīng)用的命題有以下趨勢：1.更加注重對學(xué)生綜合能力的考查，要求考生聯(lián)系上下文，在準(zhǔn)確理解全文大意的基礎(chǔ)上用所給詞匯的正確形式填空。2.命題更加貼近生活，同時滲透濃厚的人文關(guān)懷和時代氣息。大部分地區(qū)的考題都涉及了當(dāng)前社會比較關(guān)注的話題：“光盤行動”、文明城市、交通安全、飲食健康、熱點(diǎn)人物和青少年夢想等。3.體裁以記敘文和夾敘夾議文為主，文章一般具有很強(qiáng)的連貫性和邏輯性。4.對詞類的考查以動詞為主，其次是形容詞，然后依次是代詞、名詞、副詞、介詞、連詞和數(shù)詞。對動詞主要考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語動詞等。1.千道理、萬道理，積累背誦才是硬道理。在學(xué)習(xí)中要對詞匯、動詞短語以及固定搭配進(jìn)行積極背誦和及時的鞏固復(fù)習(xí)。只有打牢基礎(chǔ)，做題時才能得心應(yīng)手。2.進(jìn)行限時訓(xùn)練，總結(jié)做題技巧，提高解題能力，養(yǎng)成良好的做題習(xí)慣。3.關(guān)注社會熱點(diǎn)話題，開闊視野，增加背景知識。一、詞匯應(yīng)用題解題方法技巧謹(jǐn)記詞匯應(yīng)用題的特點(diǎn)——詞不離句，句不離篇。在做題時考生要先通讀全文，了解短文的大意及相關(guān)語境，然后根據(jù)上下文提供的信息來確定所給詞的適當(dāng)形式。詞匯應(yīng)用題的一般解題思路是：1.通覽全文，了解大意。2.認(rèn)真閱讀全句，準(zhǔn)確理解句意。3.分析應(yīng)填詞充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑瑴?zhǔn)確判斷應(yīng)填詞的詞性。例Iwassurprisedatthe(develop)ofShanghai.【解析】由句意可知，需要用develop的名詞形式development。【答案】development4.綜合考慮，判斷所填詞的正確形式。A.找出提示詞例1Therearemany(child)intheclassroom.【答案】children例2Thislessonis(difficult)thanthatone.【答案】moredifficult例3Davidworks(care)inhisclass.【答案】themostcarefully【解析】例1空格前有many，應(yīng)填child的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例2由空格后的than可知，應(yīng)填difficult的比較級moredifficult。例3空格前有動詞works，應(yīng)填副詞，再根據(jù)后面的inhisclass可知，應(yīng)填carefully的最高級themostcarefully。B.注意動詞短語、固定搭配如：usesth.todosth.，allowsb.todosth.，spendtime(in)doingsth.，minddoingsth.等。5.復(fù)讀檢查，消除疏漏。二、?？荚~性解題方法1.名詞：名詞單復(fù)數(shù)要牢記，還有’s不能棄。A.Spidermanisoneofthemostfamouscomicbook(hero).B.Withtearsinhiseyes，heaskedthequestionwiththesewords，“Areyou(God)wife?”“No，I’mamother，”saidthewoman.【答案】A.heroesB.God’s2.形容詞、副詞：形、副注意用三級，形、副轉(zhuǎn)換時?？?，形修名詞副修動，牢牢記在心頭上。A.Theycan’tunderstandtheirteacher(clear).B.Butitmaybe(good)thanyouthink.【答案】A.clearlyB.better3.數(shù)詞：要填數(shù)詞請留意，千萬別忘“基”和“序”。Sohedid.Hehadneversunginpublicbefore.Nowhewassingingforthe(one)time.【答案】first4.代詞：填代詞需慎重，五格變化(如：she，her，her，hers，herself)要謹(jǐn)記。Butnowatleasthecanliveon(he)own.【答案】his5.介詞：介詞后面動名詞，常見介詞(of，before，after，in，for，with，without，except，by)記心頭。After(explain)somethinginclass，heaskedhisstudentsiftheyunderstood.【答案】explaining6.動詞：動詞注意要變形(第三人稱單數(shù)、過去式、過去分詞)；時態(tài)判斷方法多，根據(jù)時態(tài)呼應(yīng)、上下文、時間狀語都可以；語態(tài)判斷順句意，動詞短語要牢記，平日積累最可貴。A.Bequiet！He(listen)totheradio.B.It’sjustbecauseyoulooklikemyson，whomI(notsee)foralongtime.C.Ifyoucanthinkofsomeonewhoshould(give)anapology(道歉)byyou，dosomethingaboutitrightnow.D.Thedoctorsaidmyfather(get)wellintwomonths.【答案】A.islistening(根據(jù)上下文。)B.haven’tseen(“for+段時間”是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的典型時間狀語。)C.begiven(根據(jù)句意。)D.wouldget(根據(jù)時態(tài)呼應(yīng)。在賓語從句中要注意時態(tài)呼應(yīng)。若主句是一般過去時態(tài)，從句不是客觀真理，其時態(tài)通常要用相對應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)。)如果所給動詞在句子中不作謂語，就應(yīng)該考慮用動詞的非謂語動詞形式(todo，v.-ing形式，done)。究竟選用哪種非謂語動詞形式，可根據(jù)情況從以下幾個方面來考慮。(1)用動詞不定式的常見情況有：①用不定式作賓語，如：wanttodosth.，decidetodosth.，wouldliketodosth.等；②用不定式作賓補(bǔ)，如：usesth.todosth.，asksb.todosth.，allowsb.todosth.，wantsb.todosth.，encouragesb.todosth.等；③用不定式作形補(bǔ)，如：bepleasedtodosth.，behappytodosth.等；④用不定式作后置定語，如：somethingtoeat，havetimetodosth.，haveachancetodosth.，agoodplacetovisit，thebestwaytodosth.等；⑤在某些句型中要用動詞不定式，如：Itistimeforsb.todosth.，Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.等；⑥在短語bemadetodosth.，beseentodosth.，beheardtodosth.，beallowedtodosth.中用動詞不定式。(2)在某些動詞后用省略to的動詞不定式，如：makesb.dosth.，letsb.dosth.。但在某些動詞后既可用動詞原形又可用doing來表示不同的含義，如：seesb.dosth.看到某人做某事的全過程，seesb.doingsth.看到某人正在做某事。有相同用法的單詞還有notice，watch，hear等。(3)在enjoy，finish，mind，bebusy，lookforwardto，can’thelp(禁不住)，havefun，haveproblems等后要用v.-ing形式。(4)過去分詞作后置定語，如：Aftersometime，oneofthebrotherspickedupajarfilled(fill)withgoldcoins.。(2015·昆明)ChinesepeoplehavebeencelebratingtheMid-AutumnFestivalandenjoyingmooncakesfor1(century).Therearemanytraditionalfolkstoriesaboutthisfestival.However，mostpeoplethinkthatthestoryofChang’eisthemost2(touch).IttellsafterHouYishotdownthe3(nine)suns，agoddessgavehimmagicmedicinetothankhim.HouYiplanned4(drink)itwithhiswife，Chang’e.Butabadman，PangMeng，triedtostealthemedicinewhenHouYiwasout.Chang’e5(is)readytogiveittohimandthendrankitall.Shebecameverylightand6(fly)uptothemoon.HouYiwassosadandmissedherverymuch.Onenight，hefoundthatthemoonwassobrightandroundthathecouldseehiswifethere.He7(quick)laidoutherfavoritefruitsanddessertsinthegarden.8(how)hewishedthatshecouldcomeback!Afterthis，peoplestartedthe9(traditional)ofadmiringthemoonandsharingmooncakesthatcarry10(they)wishestothefamiliestheyloveandmiss.本文通過講述“嫦娥的故事”介紹了中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日——中秋節(jié)的由來?！敬鸢概c解析】1.centuries由常識可知本句意為“中國人慶祝中秋節(jié)且享用月餅已經(jīng)有幾個世紀(jì)了”。“for+一段時間”表示“長達(dá)……”，century作名詞，意為“世紀(jì)；百年”，其復(fù)數(shù)形式表示“幾個世紀(jì)；幾百年”，故填centuries。2.touching由空前的is及themost可判斷，空格處用形容詞；touch為動詞，其形容詞形式為touching，意為“感人的；動人的”，themosttouching為touching的最高級，故填touching。3.nine由神話傳說可知，后羿射掉了九個太陽。由suns為復(fù)數(shù)可知此處應(yīng)用基數(shù)詞，故填nine。4.todrinkplantodosth.為固定用法，意為“計(jì)劃做某事”，故填todrink。5.wasn’t/wasnot由下文“然后把它都喝了”可知嫦娥不準(zhǔn)備把仙藥給逄蒙，此處應(yīng)用否定形式，事情發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時，is的過去式為was，故填wasn’t或wasnot。6.flew聯(lián)系上文可知，空格處的動詞形式應(yīng)與became一致，故用fly的過去式flew。7.quickly空格處的單詞修飾動詞短語laidout，故用副詞；quick的副詞形式是quickly(迅速地)。句意：他在園子里很快擺出了她最喜歡的水果和甜點(diǎn)。8.How句意：他多么希望她能夠回來！此處為how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，故填How。句首單詞的首字母要大寫。9.tradition由空格前的定冠詞the以及空格后的of可知，此處用名詞形式；traditional為形容詞，意為“傳統(tǒng)的”，其名詞形式為tradition，意為“傳統(tǒng)”，thetraditionof意為“……的傳統(tǒng)”，故填tradition。10.their由空格后的名詞wishes可知，此處用they的形容詞性物主代詞their修飾wishes。theirwishes意為“他們的愿望”。(一)Brianwasnotgoodatpublicspeaking.Oneday，he1(invite)tomakeaspeechatachurch.His2(young)sister，Annknewhewasnervousandtriedtocalmhimdown.“Don’tworry.Everything3(be)fine.”Whenthedaycame，Brian’scarhadanaccidentonthewaytothechurch.Luckily，hewasnot4(bad)hurtandarrivedatthechurchontime.Itwas5(he)turn.Whenhestoodup，hiscoatbecametangledwithhischair.Afterafew6(minute)，hefinallybeganhisspeech，buthewassonervousthathedroppedhisbook.Manypeoplethoughthewouldrun，buthewenton.Suddenly，peoplesawsomething7(usual)8(run)downfromhisnose，blood!Hestopped9(speak)whenhesawtheblood.Buthestilltriedtofinishhisspeech.ThenAnnquietlymovedtothefrontandhandedhimherhandkerchief.Thenshegavehimasmileand10(return)toherseat.Itwasa11(real)simplegesture，andmightbethe12(simple).Shejustsawsomeoneinneed，andgavehimahand.Intheend，Brianfinishedhistalk，withmoreconfidence.1.wasinvited故事發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時；主語he和動詞invite之間是被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)。2.younger“妹妹”應(yīng)為youngersister。3.willbe/isgoingtobe由上句“別擔(dān)心”及語境可知本句意為“一切將會很順利”，故用一般將來時。4.badly修飾動詞用副詞，故填badly。5.histurn在此處作名詞，意為“次序”，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞his來修飾。6.minutesafew后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，minute的復(fù)數(shù)形式是在詞尾直接加-s。7.unusual人們看到血正順著Brian的鼻子流下來，因此是“不尋常的”，故填unusual。8.runningsee...doing...“看到……正在做……”，現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。9.speakingBrian正在演講，看到血之后，他應(yīng)該停止了演講。stopdoingsth.“停止做某事”。10.returnedand連接的兩個動詞時態(tài)應(yīng)一致，由gave可知return也用過去式。11.really修飾形容詞用副詞，故填really。12.simplest由定冠詞the可知此處應(yīng)填simple的最高級。(二)ne.Therefore,1(keep)clothescleanbecameaproblemforthem.Beforelong,afamilyfrienddecided2(join)thearmyandhiswifewasgoingwithhim.John’sfamilytoldthemthattheycouldtakecareoftheirfurniturewhiletheywereaway.Tothe3(family)surprise,thefriendsuggestedtheyshouldusehisBendixwashingmachine.“Itwouldbebetterforitto4(use),ratherthansitting5(quiet),”hesaid.YoungJohnhelpedwiththewashing,andhedevelopedadeeploveoftheold,greenBendix.6(late),thewarendedandthefamily’sfriendreturned.Whenhecametotakethemachineaway,Johnbecameverysad.Hismothersawthisandsaidto7(he),“Son,youmustrememberthatthemachinedidn’tbelongtousinthe8(one)place.Itwasagiftforustobeabletouseitforsuchalongtime.So,insteadof9(be)sadabouttheloss,let’sbegratefulthatwe10(be)abletouseitatthattime.”Wehaveallexperiencedloss:lossofpeopleandthings.However,ifweseethethingwe11(lose)asagiftthatweweregivenforatime,maybethesad12(memory)willchangeintothankfulones.1.keeping/tokeep本題考查非謂語動詞。動名詞和動詞不定式可作句子的主語。2.tojoin由decidetodosth.可知，應(yīng)填tojoin。3.family’s本題考查固定短語toone’ssurprise。由短語可知用one’s，所以填family’s。4.beused本題考查動詞不定式的被動形式。由句意可知，洗衣機(jī)是被使用的。動詞不定式的被動形式為tobedone。5.quietly應(yīng)用副詞quietly來修飾動詞sit。6.Later根據(jù)上下文語境可知，文章想要表達(dá)“后來”，故填Later。7.him本題考查代詞變化。由句意可知是母親對他說，saidto中to為介詞，后用賓格，故填him。8.first本題考查基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。由句意可知用first。9.being介詞后用動詞的-ing形式。由提示詞of可知，用being。10.were由提示短語atthattime“在那個時候”可知，用一般過去時。11.havelost由上下文語境可知，用havelost。12.memories本題考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化。(三)AletterhomeSarahWilliamswenttoaboardingschool.Hereisoneofthelettersshewrotetoherparentsfromtheschool.DearDadandMom，I’mafraidIhavesomeverybadnewsforyou.I1(be)verynaughtysinceIbecameastudentintheschool，andtheheadmasterisveryangrywithme.Heisgoingtowritetoyou.Youmust2(come)andtakemeawayfromhere.He3(notwant)meintheschoolanylonger.ThetroublestartedlastnightwhenI4(smoke)acigaretteinbed.Thisisagainsttherules，ofcourse.Wearenotsupposed5(smoke)atall.AsIwassmoking，Iheardfootsteps6(come)towardstheroom.Ididnotwantateachertocatchmesmoking，soI7(throw)thecigaretteaway.8(fortunate)，thecigarettefellintothewaste-paper，which9(catch)afire.Soonthewholebuildingwasburning.Nowmanyofthegirlsareinhospital.Theheadmastersaysthatthefirewasallmyfaultandyoumustpayforthedamage.You10(send)abillfromourschoolforaboutamilliondollars.I’mverysorryaboutthis.Muchlove，SarahP.S.(附)Noneoftheaboveistrue，butI11(fail)myexams.Ijustwantyou12(know)howbadthingscouldhavebeen!1.havebeen本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。由提示詞since可知用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。2.come本題考查動詞形式。情態(tài)動詞must后跟動詞原形，故填come。3.doesn’twant根據(jù)上下文語境及主語he可知用doesn’twant。4.wassmoking本題考查動詞時態(tài)。由句意可知用wassmoking。5.tosmoke本題考查benotsupposedtodosth.，意為“不應(yīng)該做某事”。6.coming本題考查hearsb./sth.dosth.與hearsb./sth.doingsth.的區(qū)別。hearsb./sth.dosth.聽見某人/某物做某事的全過程，hearsb./sth.doingsth.聽見某人/某物正在做某事。7.threw本題考查動詞時態(tài)。聯(lián)系上下文可知用一般過去時。8.Unfortunately本題考查對文章大意的理解能力。聯(lián)系上下文可知，此處要表達(dá)“不幸的是”，所以用Unfortunately。9.caught本題考查動詞時態(tài)。聯(lián)系上下文可知用一般過去時。10.willbesent本題考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。本句句意為“你們將被寄一張來自我們學(xué)校的約一百萬美元的賬單”可知，用一般將來時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。11.havefailed本題考查動詞時態(tài)。聯(lián)系上下文可知用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。12.toknow本題考查wantsb.todosth.。(四)Doinghomeworknotonlycan1(help)childrenmastertheknowledgetheyhavelearntbutalsocantraintheirabilitiesoffinishingtheworkalone，2(plan)thetimeanddoingthe3(duty).Butsomechildrendon’tliketocompletethework.Why?Therearesomereasons.Somechildrenfeelitisverydifficult4(do)theirhomework，becausetheycan’tunderstandtheirteacher5(clear)，andcan’tfollowtheirteacher’steachingprocess.Maybethereissomethingwrongwiththeirintelligence.Butsomechildren’sintelligenceisnormal.Theyareeven6(clever)，buttheydon’tlistentotheteacher7(careful).Itishardforthem8(sit)wellandpayattentiontosomething.Theattentioncentralized(集中注意力)trainingneedstobecarriedon9(help)thechildren.Somechildrenlovetheirteacherandthentheylikethesubject.Theirinterestdependsontheteacherwho10(teach)them.Soeveryteachershouldbe11(help)andkind.Itcanmakechildrenloveyouandthesubjectyouteach.Sotheycandotheirhomework12(happy).1.help本題考查情態(tài)動詞后跟動詞原形。2.planningand連接的動詞形式應(yīng)一致，and后為doing，所以前面應(yīng)該為planning。3.duties本題考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化。duty為可數(shù)名詞。4.todo本題考查句型itisdifficulttodosth.，意為“做某事很困難”。5.clearly由提示詞understand可知，用clear的副詞形式clearly修飾動詞understand。6.cleverer由提示詞even可知用比較級。修飾比較級的詞還有much，abit，alittle等。7.carefully本題考查形容詞和副詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。由提示詞listento可知用carefully。8.tosit本題考查句型itis+adj.+forsb.+todosth.。9.tohelp本題考查動詞不定式作目的狀語。句意為“為了幫助孩子們，需要對他們進(jìn)行集中注意力的訓(xùn)練”。10.teaches本題考查定語從句中的主謂一致。句中who指代的是theteacher，是單數(shù)，故用teaches。11.helpful根據(jù)句意和and前后詞性一致的規(guī)律，應(yīng)用helpful。12.happily本題考查形容詞和副詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。由提示詞do可知，副詞修飾動詞，應(yīng)該用happy的副詞形式happily。(五)Lastyear，wespentChristmasandNewYearinQueensland，Australia.Thebeacheswerebeautiful，andwespentalotoftime1(play)bythesea，swimmingandsurfing.Oneday，(look)forshellsinthesanddownnearthewaveswhensheshoutedtome，“Hey，Lan！LookwhatIhavefound!”Irandown4(have)alook，andsawher5(point)atastrangeblackobjectthatwashalfburiedinthesand：“Whatisit?”sheasked.IsaidIdidn’tknow.Justthen，myfathercameover，“Areyouenjoying6(your)，youtwo?”heasked.Thenhesawthestrangeblackthing.“What’sthat?”hesaid，bendingdowntotakea7(close)look.Suddenlyhesaid，“Quickly，kids，8(get)awayfromhere.Goandplaysomewhereelse.”Thenmyfathercalledthepolice.Thepolicestudiedthething9(careful)after10(arrive)，andfinallytheytoldusitwasa11(Japan)bomb(炸彈)fromWorldWarⅡ.Sometimestheygot12(wash)uponthebeachesthere.1.playing本題考查spend...doingsth.。2.named本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。acitynamedCarins意為“一個叫做Carins的城市”，namedCarins在這里作后置定語。3.waslooking通過上下文語境可知用過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)。4.tohave本題考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定式在這里作目的狀語。5.pointing本題考查see的用法。seesb.doingsth.意為“看見某人正在做某事”，seesb.dosth.意為“看見某人做某事的全過程”。由句意可知，此處是看見某人正在做某事。6.yourselves本題考查動詞短語enjoyoneself。7.closer根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)該用closer。8.get此句為祈使句，用動詞原形開頭。9.carefully由提示詞studied可知，應(yīng)用副詞修飾動詞。故用carefully。10.arrivingafter此處為介詞，介詞后應(yīng)用動詞的-ing形式。11.Japanese由提示詞bomb(炸彈)可知，需要一個形容詞，而Japan的形容詞形式是Japanese。12.washed此句意為“有時它們被沖到了那里的沙灘上”。getwashed=bewashed。(六)AlittlegirlcalledFanYihascaughtmanypeople’sattention1(recent).Thelittlewriter’sfirstEnglishstory，Swordbird(《劍鳥》)，wasontheNewYorkTimes’bestsellerlistforchildren’sfiction.FanYi2(born)inBeijingin1993.Shefinishedher3(one)gradeofprimaryschoolinBeijingandthenmovedtotheUSwithherparentsattheageof7.She4(interest)inbirdsgreatlysinceshe5(be)alittlegirl.WhenFanwasstudying6(America)historyatschool，shereadmany7(article)abouttheSeptember11Attacks.Shewantedallpeople8(live)inpeacewitheachother.Aroundthattime，she9(have)adreamonenight.Inthedream，somebirdsfoughtwitheachother.Fan10(get)anideafromthedreamandturneditintoastory.Init，sheshowed11(she)ideaofpeaceintheworld.Inthefuture，F(xiàn)anwillwrite12(many)books.WillshebecomeanotherJ.K.Rowling?Wewillhavetowaitandsee.1.recently本題考查形容詞和副詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。空格處作狀語，應(yīng)用recent的副詞形式recently。2.wasborn本題考查短語bebornin“出生于”。3.first由句意可知用one的序數(shù)詞first。4.hasbeeninterested由提示詞since可知，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時。5.was由提示詞since可知，從句用一般過去時。6.American修飾history應(yīng)該用America的形容詞形式American。7.articles本題考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)變化。8.tolive本題考查wantsb.todosth.。9.had根據(jù)上下文語境可知應(yīng)該用一般過去時。10.gotand前后動詞的形式應(yīng)是一致的，所以用got。11.her由提示詞idea可知，此處需要用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞idea。12.more由句意可知用many的比較級more。(七)Nowmorethan20schoolsinthenorthwestofChina1(use)E-textbooks.Someteacherssaythattheymakelearning2(easy)andteachingmoreconvenient.(enjoy)thepicturesand5(animation)(動畫)intheE-textbooks.Thechildrenhere6(study)withE-textbookssincelastSeptember.WiththehelpoftheE-textbooks，somegoodideas7(share)attimes.Someparentsencouragetheirchildren8(try)theE-textbookstomakelearningeasier.Butothersworryabouttheir9(children)health.“Youcan’timaginehowthegrowingpopularityofE-textbooksischangingthewaythestudentslearn！Moreandmorestudents10(learn)withE-textbooksinthefuture.11(how)，there’sstillalongway12(go)，”saidtheheadmaster.1.areusing本題考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)句中Now可知句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)。2.easier本題考查形容詞的比較級。根據(jù)語境可知此句應(yīng)表達(dá)“一些老師說它們使學(xué)習(xí)更加容易了”，故用easier。3.excited由句意可知，此處需要一個形容詞，主語是人，應(yīng)用excited。4.enjoys本題考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。聯(lián)系上下文可知用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，又因主語為she，故用enjoys。5.animations本題考查可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)。6.havestudied本題考查動詞時態(tài)。由提示詞since可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。7.areshared本題考查被動語態(tài)。由句意可知，想法是被分享的，故用areshared。8.totry本題考查動詞短語encouragesb.todosth.。9.children’s本題考查名詞所有格。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)用children的所有格。10.willlearn由inthefuture可知用一般將來時態(tài)。11.However本題考查副詞。由句意可知應(yīng)填副詞However。12.togo本題考查短語alongwaytogo，意為“一段很長的路要走”，在這里togo作后置定語。(八)YoumayknowthesongHappyBirthdayverywell.Butdoyouknowaboutitswriter?ItwaswrittenbyanAmericangirl.Andnowshe1(become)averyrichwoman.Whenshewasachild，shewaspoor.Onceshe2(invite)toher3(friend)birthdayparty.Shewasverypleasedbutsadbecauseshehadnotenoughmoney4(buy)apresentforher.“Theparty5(come)soon.NowIhavelittlemoney.”Tearsrandownherface.Laterthatnightshewasinbed，6(think)aboutthepresentwhenthedooropenedandincamehergrandma.“Whathappened?”hergrandmaasked.Hearingthegirl’sstory，shesaid，“Don’tworry.IthinkIcanhelpyou.Howabout7(sing)asongtogether?Happybirthdayto...”Whatabeautifulsong！Theysangandsang.Suddenlyshe8(wake)up.Itwasadream！Shedecidedtowriteitdownatonceand9(sing)ittoherfriendsattheparty.Whenshesangthesongatthepartythenextday，herfriends10(be)veryhappy.“Howwonderfullyshesings！We11(nothear)suchasongbefore.Thankyouforgivingusthespecialpresent，”saidoneofthem.Andtheylearnttosingittogether.Laterthegirlbecamewell12(know)inAmerica.1.hasbecome根據(jù)上下文可知，此句句意應(yīng)為：現(xiàn)在，她已經(jīng)變成一個非常富有的女人。由句意可知用現(xiàn)在完成時。2.wasinvited由句意可知用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。3.friend’s由句意可知，此處表達(dá)“她的朋友的生日宴會”，所以用名詞所有格friend’s。在做題時如果看到名詞，首先要考慮單復(fù)數(shù)變化和所有格。4.tobuy本題考查短語haveenoughmoneytodosth.。5.iscomingbecoming用進(jìn)行時態(tài)表將來。6.thinking本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。此處用thinking...表伴隨。句意為“……她躺在床上，正考慮著禮物的事……”。7.singingabout為介詞，其后應(yīng)用v.-ing形式。8.woke本題考查動詞時態(tài)。聯(lián)系上下文可知應(yīng)用wake的過去式woke。9.sing分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，and前后動詞形式應(yīng)一致，所以sing的形式與write保持一致。10.were本題考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文語境可知用were。11.haven’theard由before和句意可知用現(xiàn)在完成時。12.known本題考查短語becomewellknown，意為“被熟知”。(九)Willitmatterifyoudon’thaveyourbreakfast?Ashorttimeago，atest1(give)intheUnitedStates.Peopleofdifferent2(age)from12to833(ask)tohavethetest.Duringthetest，somepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfastsandsomegotnobreakfastatall.Scientistswanted4(see)howwell5(they)bodiesworkedwhentheyhaddifferentkindsofbreakfasts.Theresultsshowthatifaperson6(eat)arightbreakfast，heorshewillwork7(well)thanifheorshehasnobreakfast.Ifastudenthasfruit，eggs，breadandmilkbefore8(go)toschool，hewilllearnmorequicklyandlisten9(careful)inclass.Theresultsalsoshowthat10(have)nobreakfastwillnothelpyou11(lose)weight.Thisisbecausepeoplebecomesohungryatnoonthattheyeattoomuchforlunch.Sotheywillgainweightinsteadof12(lose)weight.1.wasgiven此處用被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)提示短語Ashorttimeago可知用一般過去時的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。2.ages由提示詞different可知，后面應(yīng)該是名詞，age是可數(shù)名詞，故用ages。3.wereasked人們是被要求的，且發(fā)生在過去，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。4.tosee本題考查短語wanttodosth.。5.their由bodies可知用they的形容詞性物主代詞their。6.eats本題考查含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句的時態(tài)。時態(tài)要求是主將從現(xiàn)。7.better由提示詞than可知用比較級。8.goingbefore在此處為介詞，故用going。9.morecarefully由and前的morequickly可知用morecarefully。10.having/tohave本題考查動名詞或動詞不定式作主語。11.(to)lose本題考查helpsb.(to)dosth.。12.losingof為介詞，故用losing。(十)Itwasanotherhot，drydayintheforest...Alittleantwasthirsty.Sohewenttoariver1(get)adrink.Buttheantgottooclosetotheriver.He2(carry)awaybytheflow(流動)oftheriver.“Help！Help!”criedthelittleant.Adove(鴿子)3(sit)onatreenearby.Shesawwhathappenedtotheant.Shepulledaleaffromthetreeand4(hold)itinhermouth.Thensheflewovertothelittleant.Shedroppedtheleafintothewater.Theant5(climb)ontotheleafandgottosafety.“Thankyoufor6(save)me，”saidtheanttothedove.“Oneday，I7(do)somethingtohelpyou.”“Thatisverykind，”saidthedove.“ButI8(not，think)alittleantlikeyoucouldeverhelpme.”Afewdayslater，theantsawabirdcatcher9(stand)underatree.Hewaswaitingtocatchthedovewithanet.“Oh，no！MyfriendDove10(sleep).Sheisindanger!Imusthelpher.”So，heranovertothebirdcatcherandstung(刺)himinthefoot.Thebirdcatchercriedandthrewdownhisnetinpain.Thedovewasable11(fly)away.“Thankyou，mydearfriend.You12(save)mylife.NowIcometoseeIwaswrong.IamsorryforwhatIsaid，”thedovesaidtotheant.1.toget本題考查非謂語動詞。此句意為“所以他去河邊喝水”。根據(jù)句意可知，這里用動詞不定式作目的狀語。2.wascarried聯(lián)系上下文可知要用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。3.wassitting通過語境可知應(yīng)該用過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)。4.held本題考查動詞時態(tài)。and前后的動詞的時態(tài)應(yīng)該是一致的。故用held。5.climbed本題考查動詞時態(tài)。and前后的動詞的時態(tài)應(yīng)該是一致的。故用climbed。6.savingfor為介詞，介詞后應(yīng)用動詞的-ing形式。7.willdo本題考查動詞時態(tài)。由句意可知用一般將來時態(tài)。8.don’tthink由句意可知用don’tthink。9.standing本題考查seesb.doingsth.與seesb.dosth.的區(qū)別。seesb.doingsth.意為“看見某人正在做某事”；seesb.dosth.意為“看見某人做某事的全過程”。由句意可知應(yīng)用seesb.doingsth.結(jié)構(gòu)。10.issleeping本題考查動詞時態(tài)。由句意可知用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)。11.tofly本題考查beabletodosth.。12.havesaved本題考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。(十一)Amandaisaverykindgirl.Sheisalwayswilling(愿意的)1(help)peoplewhoareintoworkatHeartHouseinhersparetime.HeartHouseisalocalafter-schoolprogramfor3(child).Itofferssomeextraeducationtothosechildrenwhoarenotdoingwellintheirschool.AmandagoestoHeartHousetoteachthechildren4(two)aweek.ShehasalsosetupawebsiteforHeartHouse.Inthisway，morepeoplewillhave5(chance)tolearnaboutHeartHouseandhelpthechildrenthere.ForAmanda，voluntaryworkisnotonlygoodforothers，butalsogoodforherstudies.“Ilikecoachingthosekidsand6(tell)themhowtostudy.Thehappier7(thing)isthatIcanalsolearnalotfromthem，”Amandasays.(help)thechildrenatHeartHousenow.“9(with)Amanda’swebsite，HeartHousewouldnotbeabletohaveenoughvolunteers.She10(support)ourprogramalot.Weappreciate(感激)herhelp，”theprogramleadersays.Bestofall，Amandasaysthatshe11(notgive)upvolunteeringafter12(leave)school.Shehopestocontinueteachingthosechildrenwhoneedhelp.1.tohelp本題考查bewillingtodosth.。2.isvolunteering由語境可知用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)。句意為“與此同時，她在空閑時間在愛心之家做義務(wù)工作”。3.children本題考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。4.twicetwiceaweek意為“一周兩次”。5.chances本題考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。6.telling由and前的coaching可知，應(yīng)用telling。7.thing由is可知應(yīng)用thing的單數(shù)形式。8.helping本題考查spend...doingsth.。9.Without根據(jù)句意可知用Without。10.hassupported根據(jù)句意可知用hassupported。11.won’tgive根據(jù)句意可知用won’tgive。12.leavingafter此處為介詞，故用leaving。(十二)(2016·廣東深圳)Adogenteredabutcher’sshopwithanoteinhismouth.Thenoteread，“＄10oflambchops(羊排)，please.”Thebutcherwasvery1(surprise).Hetookthemoney，putabagofchopsinthe2(dog)mouth，andthenheclosedtheshop3(quick).Hefollowedthedogandwatchedhimwaitforagreenlight.Thenthedogcrossedtheroadtoabusstop.Hecheckedthetimetableandsatonthebench.Whenabusarrived，thedogcheckedthenumberandgot4it.Asthebustraveledoutintothecountryside，thedogenjoyedthescenery.After5while，hestoodonhisbackpaws(爪子)6(push)the“stop”button.Thenthebutcherfollowed7(he)off.Thedogranuptoahouseanddroppedhisbagontheground.Hewentbackdownthepath，tookabigrun，and8(throw)himselfagainstthedoor.Noanswer.Herepeatedtheactionafewtimes.Thenabigmanopenedthedoor9startedcomplainingaboutthedogandbeatinghim.Seeingthis，thebutcherranupandshoutedattheman,“Whatareyoudoing?Thisdogisagenius!”Themanreplied，“Genius?Noway!Hehasforgottenhiskeyforthe10(four)timethismonth!”1.surprised由空前的was可知此處用形容詞，主語是thebutcher(屠夫)，故用-ed形式的形容詞surprised(吃驚的；驚訝的)。2.dog’s結(jié)合上文狗用嘴叼著紙條可知，此處指把一袋羊排放在狗的嘴里，空后是名詞mouth，故用dog的名詞所有格dog’s。3.quicklyquick作形容詞，意為“快的；迅速的”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用quick的副詞形式quickly。4.ongeton為固定短語，意為“上車”。句意：當(dāng)一輛公共汽車到達(dá)時，這只狗查看了一下號碼，然后上了車。5.awhile此處作名詞，意為“一段時間；一會兒”，afterawhile為固定短語，意為“過了一會兒”。6.topush句意：……他靠后爪支撐著來按停車按鈕。動詞不定式短語在句中作目的狀語。7.him句意：然后屠夫跟著他下了車。此處在句中作follow的賓語，故用he的賓格him。8.threw由上文的動詞went和took可知，時態(tài)為一般過去時，此處用throw的過去式threw。9.and由句意“然后一個高大的男人打開門開始抱怨這只狗并打他”可知，前后為順承關(guān)系，故用連詞and。10.fourth由空前的the及空后的名詞time為單數(shù)形式可知，此處表達(dá)“第四次”，故用序數(shù)詞fourth。(十三)(2016·山東濰坊)Spacevegetablesaregrownfromseeds(種子)thathavebeentakentospace.Whenthey1(bring)backtotheearth,theseseedsproducevegetablesthatarebiggerand2(healthy)thannormal(正常的)vegetables.Butsomepeopleworryabout3(have)spacevegetables.Theythinkthatspacevegetablesmightnotbegoodforusandcouldmakeus4(get)sickbecauseoftheradiation(輻射)inspace.However,peopleshouldnotbeafraidbecausespacevegetablesareveryhealthy.Herearesomefactsthatyoushouldknowaboutspacevegetables.Spacevegetablesaregrownfromseedsthatare5(care)chosen.Whenseedscomebackfromspace,theyaretestedtomakesurethattheywillbesafe6(eat).(tomato)stayfreshfortwentydays,whichisoneweeklongerthannormalones.Aftergeneticallymodi