2025版新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit4AdversityandCourage課時(shí)作業(yè)一ReadingandThinking新人教版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)

課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)ReadingandThinking必備學(xué)問(wèn)基礎(chǔ)練Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Theworkersdemandthattheirw________shouldberaised,becausepricesofbasicgoodsarerising.2．Unfortunately,allpassengersa________fellintotheriver.3．Ioften________(陷入)inthemoodoffeelingeverythingisunreal.4．Asfarasheisconcerned,hedoesn'tfeelashamedofthe________(苦痛的，令人難過(guò)的)life.5．Childrenneeddiscipline,buttheyneed________(指導(dǎo))evenmore.6．Aftermanydays'________(航海),theyarrivedinwhatiscalledAmericanow.Ⅱ.選詞填空turndown,setoff,tohissurprise,bestuckin,apply,dreamof,frombadtoworse,holdon,enthusiastic,sink1．Myheart________asIheardthepaininhisvoice.2．Studentswhowanttojointhefamousuniversitynextautumnmust________bySunday.3．Howterrible!Ourschoolbus________thetrafficjamformorethanhalfanhour.4．Tomwasadaydreamer.He________meetingandfallinginlovewithabeautifulwoman.5．________，around50youngpeoplerespondedtohiscallthesamenight.6．Thereisnodenyingthatourlivingqualitieshavegone________．7．Ifyouare________aboutsomething,youshowhowmuchyoulikeorenjoyitbythewaythatyoubehaveandtalk.8．Ifyouasksomeoneto________，youareaskingthemtowaitforashorttime.9．Themeatneedssoftfirenow.Please________thegas.10．Ifyouwanttocatchthattrainwe'dbetter________forthestationimmediately.Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空AnexpeditiontotheSouthPolewithShackletonwasonethatIhadbeendreaming1.________.WhenI2.________(apply)tojoinit,ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn't3.________(qualify).So,Ihadagoodidea.Isecretlywentabroadtheshipandhidmyselfinacupboard.4.________(fortunate),Iwasdiscoveredbythemafterafewdays.Shackletonfinallyagreedandgaveme5.________jobasastewardontheship.Honestlyspeaking,thejourneyhadnotbeeneasy.TheshipEndurancegot6.________(stick)iniceandwefinallydecidedtoabandonit.Beforewelefttheship,Shackletoncalmlycalledustogetherandtoldus7.________(rescue)themostessentialsupplies.Shackletoneventhrewawayallhisgold.Butmuchtoour8.________(surprising),heallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo,9.________heoftenplayedtokeepour10.________(spirit)up.Wehadtosettleontheice.Butthespringwascoming,andtheicewouldsoonbegintomelt.Howterrible![答題區(qū)]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________關(guān)鍵實(shí)力綜合練Ⅰ.閱讀理解閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFemaleScientistsWhoHaveChangedtheWorld[2024·福建省福清西山學(xué)校月考]Therearestillhundredsofrelatively-unknownwomenwhohavechangedtheworldwiththeirresearchthroughouthistory.TieraGuinnThis21-year-oldscientisthasn'tyetgraduatedfromcollege,butTiersGuinn'salreadydoingrocketscience.TheMIT(麻省理工學(xué)院)seniorishelpingbuildarocketfortheUnitedStatesthatcouldbeoneofthebiggestandmostpowerfulevermade.She'sanaerospacemajorwithhighcreditpointswhoalsoworksasaRocketStructuralDesignandAnalysisEngineerfortheSpaceLaunchSystemthataerospacecompanyBoeingisbuildingfortheUS.ElizabethBlackwellElizabethBlackwell,whowasborninBristol,Englandin1821,wasthefirstwomantograduatefrommedicalschoolintheUnitedStates,becameanactivistforpoorAmericanwomen'shealth,andwentontofoundamedicalschoolforwomeninEngland.JaneGoodallThemostfamousprimate(靈長(zhǎng)目)scientistinhistory,JaneGoodallwasknownforherworkwithchimpsandasachampionofanimalrights.AndGoodallwasn'tjustworkinginalab;sheclimbedtreesandimitatedthebehaviorofchimpsinTanzaniatogaintheirtrustandstudythemintheirnaturalhabitat.RachelCarsonInthe1960s,oneenvironmentalscientist'svoiceroseabovetheresttobecomecentraltoAmericanpolitics,culture,andforeignpolicy:RachelCarson's.Herarticle,“SilentSpring，”warnedofthedangersofpesticides(農(nóng)藥)andchemicalstohumans,plants,andanimals,andwasalandmarkinthenation'senvironmentalhistory.1．WhatisTieraGuinn'sgreatestachievement?A．Sheenteredthebestuniversityoftheworld.B．Shehasbeenlearningthenewestrocketscience.C.Shehashelpedbuildabigandpowerfulrocket.D．Sheisatopstudentemployedbyafamouscompany.2．WhatisElizabethBlackwellfamousforinhistory?A．Shewasthefirstwomanwiththeadvancededucation.B．Shewasapioneerofthewomen'shealthintheUSandtheUK.C．Shefoundedthefirstwomen'sschoolintheUnitedKingdom.D．ShewasthefirstwomantobeacceptedasanAmericancitizen.3．Whomadeagreatcontributiontotheanimal-protectionmovement?A．TieraGuinn.B．JaneGoodall.C．RachelCarson.D．ElizabethBlackwell.BMyFirstMarathonAmonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP．E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas“notathletic”．TheideathatIwas“notathletic”stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn'tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces(鞋帶)becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!Atmile3,Ipassedasign:“GOFORIT,RUNNERS！”Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.Bymile21,Iwasstarving!AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a．m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗標(biāo)簽),Icannowcallmyselfa“marathonwinner”．4．Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor________．A．waswelltrainedB．feltscaredC．madeuphismindtorunD．losthope5．WhydidtheauthormentiontheP．E.classinhis7thyear?A．Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.B．Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.C．Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.D．Toshareapreciousmemory.6．Howwastheauthor'sfirstmarathon?A．Hemadeit.B．Hequithalfway.C．Hegotthefirstprize.D．Hewalkedtotheend.7．Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A．Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.B．Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.C．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.D．Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.[答題區(qū)]題號(hào)1234567答案Ⅱ.閱讀七選五閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Lifeoffersitsfairshareofchallenges.Atanygiventime,anyonecanfacedifficultseasonsintheirlife.Itistrueforyou.Whenyou'reexperiencingdifficulty,it'salwayshelpfultohaveasupportsystemtogetthroughit.__1__Knowingthis,thereareafewwaysyoucanbecomesupportiveofafamilymemberwhoisinthemidstofastruggle.Offerlegalresources.Ifyouhavefamilymemberswhoareintroublewiththelaw,youcanofferassistancebypointinginthedirectionofvariouslegalresources.Youcanevendecidetocoverapartoftheirlegalfeesincourt.__2____Provideencouragement.Whenpeoplearedownontheirluck,it'sreallyeasyforthemtogetdiscouragedandgiveup.Instead,it'sawisemovetoofferwordsofencouragementtotheperson.Alwaysremindthemthatthey'restrong,capableandmorepowerfulthantheyrealize.__3____Beasafeplace.Sometimes,peoplestrugglebecausetheydon'tfeelanyloveorsupportfromanyonearoundthem.__4__Betheirlightinthedarkplaces.Thiscandosomuchforsomeonewhoiscarryingalotontheinside.__5__Youneverwanttomakeapersonfeelliketheycan'tmakeitwithoutyouintheirlife.Ifyou'reallowingthefamilymembertolivewithyouforacertainperiodoftime,bestrictaboutwhatneedstohappenduringthattime.Makesurethattheydevelopaplan,atimelineandmeasuredactionstepsthatcanhelpthemgetbackontheirfeet.A．Nomanisanisland.B．Encourageindependence.C．Infact,theyaresurroundedbypressure.D．Alwayscompetewithyourfamilymembers.E．Tellthemthattheywillgetthroughthissituation.F．It'salluptoyoutodecidehowyoucanhelpthem.G．However,youknowthatthere'snothingyoucando.[答題區(qū)]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。NorwegianRoaldAmundsenwasthefirsttoreachtheSouthPoleonDecember14,1911,afteralongjourneyfromtheSouthCircle.Hisopponent,Scott,1.________(arrive)onJanuary18，1912,amonthlate,and2.________(unfortunate),Scott'steamencounteredextremeweatheranddidnotmake3.________backalive.HowdidAmundsengettherebeforeScottandreturnedsafeandsound?Thereweretwomainreasons.Firstreason:thetoolsusedweredifferent.Amundsenuseddogstopullthesled,whileScottusedhorses.Innormalconditions,horseswere4.________(strong)thandogsandcouldcarrymoresupplies.ButintheextremecoldoftheAntarctic,theywerenothardlyenough5.________(stand)thecold.Oneafteranother,theydied,6.________(delay)Scott'sarrivalatthepole.Secondreason:Amundsenhadexperiencedthecold.Amundsen,7.________hadlivedintheEskimotribeforalongtime,rememberedmanyoftheEskimo'smethodsof8.________(survive)andusedthemflexiblyinhisAntarcticexpeditions,suchasusinganimalfurtokeepwarm,finding“shelter”outsidefromthewindandsnow,andhavingsleddogsalternatebetweenjobs.AresearchstationcalledAmundsen-Scott9.________(establish)bytheUnitedStatesin195710.________honourofthetwogreatexplorers.[答題區(qū)]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)ReadingandThinking必備學(xué)問(wèn)基礎(chǔ)練Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．wages2.aboard3.sink4.miserable5.guidance6.voyageⅡ.選詞填空1．sank2.apply3.wasstuckin4.dreamtof5.Tohissurprise6.frombadtoworse7.enthusiastic8.holdon9.turndown10.setoffⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空1．of/about2.applied3.qualified4.Unfortunately5.a6.stuck7.torescue8.surprise9.which10.spirits關(guān)鍵實(shí)力綜合練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了四位變更世界的女科學(xué)家。1．答案與解析：C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“TheMITseniorishelpingbuildarocketfortheUnitedStatesthatcouldbeoneofthebiggestandmostpowerfulevermade.”可知，TieraGuinn最大的成就是幫助建立了一枚美國(guó)有史以來(lái)最大、最強(qiáng)大的火箭。2．答案與解析：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“ElizabethBlackwell，whowasborninBristol,Englandin1821,wasthefirstwomantograduatefrommedicalschoolintheUnitedStates,becameanactivistforpoorAmericanwomen'shealth,andwentontofoundamedicalschoolforwomeninEngland.”可知，伊麗莎白·布萊克威爾1821年誕生于英格蘭的布里斯托爾，她是第一位從美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)院畢業(yè)的女性，后來(lái)成為美國(guó)貧困女性健康的活動(dòng)家，并在英國(guó)成立了一所女子醫(yī)學(xué)院。即她是美國(guó)和英國(guó)婦女健康的先驅(qū)。3．答案與解析：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)其次段中“Themostfamousprimatescientistinhistory,JaneGoodallwasknownforherworkwithchimpsandasachampionofanimalrights.”可知，JaneGoodall是歷史上最著名的靈長(zhǎng)類(lèi)科學(xué)家，她以探討黑猩猩和維護(hù)動(dòng)物權(quán)利而著名。為動(dòng)物愛(ài)護(hù)運(yùn)動(dòng)做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了作者自己第一次跑馬拉松，憑借自己的意志力勝利跑完全程的勵(lì)志故事。4．答案與解析：C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段最終一句“Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.”可知，馬拉松賽前一個(gè)月盡管作者因腳踝受傷導(dǎo)致訓(xùn)練時(shí)間縮短，但仍下定決心參賽。5．答案與解析：C推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段中的“Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas‘notathletic’”可知，作者提到7年級(jí)的事情是為了證明自己真的沒(méi)有運(yùn)動(dòng)天賦。6．答案與解析：A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)其次段中的“Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.”可知，作者堅(jiān)持到了最終，而且得到了一塊獎(jiǎng)牌，雖然不是第一名，由此可見(jiàn)他勝利地跑完了馬拉松。7．答案與解析：B主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，作者在講解并描述自己跑馬拉松的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，再依據(jù)最終一段中的“Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels,Icannowcallmyselfa‘marathonwinner’”可知，作者勝利跑完馬拉松源于自己的意志。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一