老高考舊教材適用2025版高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題一閱讀理解考點(diǎn)分類練八詞句猜測(cè)題-代詞指代類

考點(diǎn)分類練(八)詞句揣測(cè)題——代詞指代類Passage1(2024江西萍鄉(xiāng)一模)FouTs’ong,aChinese-bornpianistknownforhissensitiveinterpretationsofChopin,DebussyandMozart,diedonMondayatahospitalinLondon,wherehehadlivedformanyyears.Hewas86.Aloverofclassicalmusicfromayoungage,Mr.Foubegantakingpianolessonswhenhewas7.Mr.Foumadehisfirststageappearancein1952.TheconcertcaughttheattentionofofficialsinBeijing,whoselectedhimtocompeteandtourinEasternEurope.Mr.FousoonmovedtoPoland,wherehestudiedattheWarsawConservatory(音樂(lè)學(xué)校)onascholarship.ToprepareforthefifthChopinCompetitioninWarsawin1955,hepracticedsodiligentlythathehurthisfingersandwasnearlycutfromthefirstroundofthecompetition.Mr.FouwasoneofthefirstChinesepianiststoachieveglobalprominencewhenhetookthethirdplaceintheInternationalChopinPianoCompetitioninWarsawin1955.HealsowonaspecialprizeforhisperformanceofChopin’smazurkas(馬祖卜舞曲).Almostovernight,hebecameanationalhero.ToChina,Mr.Fou’srecognitioninawell-knowninternationalcompetitionwasproofthatthecountrycouldstandonitsownartisticallyintheWest.ChinesereportersflockedtointerviewMr.Fou,whilemanyotherssoughtouthisfather,FuLei,foradviceonchild-rearing.In1981,avolumeofletterswrittenbyhisfather,primarilytoMr.Fou,waspublishedinChina.Fullofadvice,encouragement,lifeteachingsandstrictpaternallove,thebookFuLei’sFamilyLettersbecameabest-sellerinChina.BesidesinfluencingagenerationofChinese,Mr.Fu’swordsresonated(共鳴)longafterhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywereintended.“Myfatherhadasayingthat‘Firstyoumustbeaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,andonlythencanyoubeapianist.’”Mr.Fouoncerecalledinaninterview.“Evennow,Ibelieveinthisorder—thatitshouldbethiswayandthatIamthisway.”1.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph2?A.FouTs’ongcompetedandtouredinBeijing.B.FouTs’ongfirstperformedonthestageat7.C.FouTs’ongmadegreateffortsforcompetitions.D.FouTs’ongstartedlearningmusicinEasternEurope.2.WhydoesFouTs’ong’sglobalrecognitionmeanalottoChina?A.ItearnsChineseartaplaceintheWest.B.ItpromotesthespreadofChineseculture.C.ItprovesChinesepeople’stalentformusic.D.ItenablesChinesearteducationtoberecognized.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph4referto?A.Mr.Fu’swords.B.YoungChinese.C.FouTs’ongandhisfamily.D.ReadersofFuLei’sFamilyLetters.4.WhichofthefollowingagreeswithFuLei’sideasinthelastparagraph?A.Pursuingartisalongandpainfulprocess.B.Itrequiresvariousqualitiestobeapianist.C.Everyoneshoulddevelopaninterestinart.D.Talentisofthegreatestimportanceforapianist.Passage2(2024山東棗莊三模)Acarboncapturingdevice,calledOrca,beganoperatinginIcelandinSeptember.ThemachinewasinventedandmadebyaSwisscompanycalledClimeworks.ThenamecomesfromtheIcelandicwordorkawhichmeansenergy.Orcacanpullcarbondioxideoutoftheairandsenditdeepintotheground,whereitisturnedintostone.Thedeviceismadeupoffoursectionswhichlooklikegiantairconditionersstackedtogether.Eachsectioncontains12largefansthatsuckairfromoutsideintosteelcompartments.Inside,theairpassesthroughafilter(過(guò)濾器)whichgathersthecarbondioxide.Itisthenheatedtoahightemperaturesothecarbondioxidecanbecollectedfromthefilter.Then,thecarbondioxideismixedwithwaterandputdeepinthegroundintoatypeofrockcalledbasalt.Basaltcausesthecarbondioxidemixturetoturnintostoneaftertwoorthreeyears.Orcaisanexperimentaldevice.Itwasbuilttodemonstratethatitispossibletopermanentlyremovecarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.Itcanremove4,000metrictonsofcarbondioxidefromtheaireachyear.That’saboutthesameamountastheemissionsproducedby850carsinayear.Inordertoremoveenoughcarbondioxidetomakeabigdifferencetoglobalwarming,muchlargerdeviceslikeOrcawouldhavetobebuiltinmanycountriesaroundtheworld.Someenvironmentalactivistssaygovernmentsshouldspendmoretimeandmoneyonreducingtheamountofgreenhousegasweproduceeachyear,insteadofinvestingincarboncapturemethods.Butotherssaythat,inorderforcountriestomeettheirgoalofnetzeroemissionsby2050,theywillneedtodoboth:reducenewemissionsandremovethecarbondioxidealreadyintheair.5.What’sthepurposeofdesigningOrca?A.Toconserveenergy.B.Toachievezeroemissions.C.Toprotectnaturalresources.D.Toremovecarbondioxideintheair.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph2?A.Orca.B.Thebasalt.C.Theair. D.Carbondioxide.7.HowdoesOrcawork?a.Suckingtheair.b.Collectingthecarbondioxide.c.Mixingwithwater.d.Filteringandheating.e.Puttingintotheground.A.a,d,b,c,e B.a,c,d,b,eC.a,d,c,b,e D.a,b,c,d,e8.Whyaresomeenvironmentalistsnotinfavor?A.Reducingemissionsismoreimportant.B.Itmightresultinnewpollution.C.Thetechnologyisnotmature.D.Itdoesn’tworkefficiently.Passage3(2024湖南岳陽(yáng)二模)InFebruaryof1942,MexicanfarmerDionisioPulidothoughtheheardthundercomingfromhiscornfield.However,thesoundwasn’tcomingfromthesky.Thesourcewasalargesmokingbreaksendingoutgasandpushingoutrocks.ThisopeningwouldcometobeknownasthevolcanoParicutin,andoverthenext9years,itslavaandashwouldcoverover200squarekilometers.Butwheredidthisnewvolcanocomefrom,andwhatcauseditsunpredictableeruption?Oneofthemostcommoncausesofaneruptionisanincreaseinmagmastaticpressure.Magma(巖漿)containsvariouselementsandcompounds.Athighenoughconcentrations,compoundslikewaterorsulfur(硫)formhigh-pressuregasbubbles.Whentheseballsofgasreachthesurface,theycanburstwiththeforceofagunshot.Andwhenmillionsofbubblesexplode,theenergycansendashintotheair.Butbeforetheypoporburst,theyactlikebubblesofCO2inashakensoda.Notalleruptionsareduetorisingmagmastaticpressure—sometimestheweightoftherockabovecanbecomedangerouslylow.Landslidescanremovemassivequantitiesofrockfromatopamagmachamberorroom,droppingthepressureandinstantlytouchingoffaneruption.Thisprocessisknownas“unloading”andit’sbeenresponsiblefornumerouseruptions,includingthesuddenexplosionofMountSt.Helensin1980.Butunloadingcanalsohappenoverlongerperiodsoftimeduetoheatingiceormeltingglaciers.Infact,manygeologistsareworriedthatglacialmeltcausedbyclimatechangecouldincreasevolcanicactivity.Unfortunately,knowingwhatcauseseruptionsdoesn’tmakethemeasytopredict.WhilescientistscanroughlydeterminethestrengthandweightoftheEarth’scrust(地殼),thedepthandheatofmagmachambersmakesmeasuringchangesinmagmastaticpressureverydifficult.Butvolcanologistsareconstantlyexploringnewtechnologytoovercomethisrockyfield.Advancesinthermalimaging(熱成像)haveallowedscientiststodetectundergroundhotspots.Spectrometerscananalyzegasesescapingmagma.Hopefully,thesetoolswillhelpusbetterunderstandthesegasbreaksandtheirexplosiveeruptions.9.Whydoestheauthormentionthestoryofafarmerinthefirstparagraph?A.Toshowthepowerofvolcanoeruption.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.TointroducethevolcanoParicutin.D.Toexplainthereason.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph2referto?A.ThebubblesofCO2.B.Theashofthevolcano.C.Gasbubblesofcompounds.D.Theelementsofasoda.11.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheeruptionofMountSt.Helens?A.Landslidesshouldberesponsibleforitseruption.B.Itbegantoexplodeoveralongperiodoftime.C.Theprocessof“unloading”occurredafteritsexplosion.D.Theweightoftherockaboveitincreasedastocauseitseruption.12.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Scientistscandeterminetheeruptionofthevolcanoinadvance.B.ItisquitedifficulttomeasuretheweightoftheEarth’scrust.C.Spectrometerscanhelpscientiststodetectundergroundhotspots.D.Scientistsarepositiveaboutfurtherstudyofvolcanoeruption.

考點(diǎn)分類練(八)詞句揣測(cè)題——代詞指代類Passage1【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章介紹中國(guó)誕生的鋼琴家傅聰。他以其對(duì)肖邦、德彪西和莫扎特作品的細(xì)致詮釋而著名,他的國(guó)際知名度為中國(guó)藝術(shù)在西方贏得了一席之地。1.C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的最終一句話“ToprepareforthefifthChopinCompetitioninWarsawin1955,hepracticedsodiligentlythathehurthisfingersandwasnearlycutfromthefirstroundofthecompetition.”可知,傅聰先生為了競(jìng)賽付出了許多。2.A解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“ToChina,Mr.Fou’srecognitioninawell-knowninternationalcompetitionwasproofthatthecountrycouldstandonitsownartisticallyintheWest.”可知,傅聰?shù)膰?guó)際知名度為中國(guó)藝術(shù)在西方贏得了一席之地。3.A解析詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第四段中的“BesidesinfluencingagenerationofChinese,Mr.Fu’swordsresonatedlongafterhisdeathwiththepersonforwhomtheywereintended.”可以看出,they指代上文提到的Mr.Fu’swords,說(shuō)明除了影響了一代中國(guó)人外,傅雷先生的話在他去世后依舊能夠讓聽(tīng)到這些話的人產(chǎn)生共鳴。由此推知,they指的是hiswords。4.B解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Myfatherhadasayingthat‘Firstyoumustbeaperson,thenanartist,andthenamusician,andonlythencanyoubeapianist.’”可知,傅雷先生教兒子傅聰要先成為人,再成為藝術(shù)家,再成為音樂(lè)家,最終才能成為鋼琴家。這表明,傅雷先生認(rèn)為成為一名鋼琴家,身上要具備許多的品質(zhì)。Passage2【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了瑞士公司制造的名為Orca的碳捕獲設(shè)備,并具體說(shuō)明白其工作原理和一些環(huán)保人士對(duì)它的看法。5.D解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中“Orcacanpullcarbondioxideoutoftheairandsenditdeepintotheground,whereitisturnedintostone.”可推知,設(shè)計(jì)Orca的目的是去除空氣中的二氧化碳。6.D解析詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)其次段中“Orcacanpullcarbondioxideoutoftheairandsenditdeepintothegrou