廣州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一年級下學(xué)期八區(qū)期末聯(lián)考考試英語試題（原卷版）

2023學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高一英語2024.7本試卷共10頁，滿分130分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必在答題卡第1面和第3面上用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆填寫學(xué)校、班級、姓名、試室號和座位號，將自己的條形碼粘貼在答題卡的“條形碼粘貼處”。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷（滿分65分）第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AExploringthewondersofYuanmingyuanisnoweasierthanever!Byfeaturingover190beautifulpaintings,modelsofbuildings,andotherartworksconnectedtothisamazinggarden-palacefromtheQingdynasty,thisspecialexhibitionhelpsuslearnaboutthelivesoftheemperorswholivedthere,thefestivalstheycelebrated,andhowtheywererelatedtoeachother.Whenyouvisit,you’llgettoseehowthisgarden-palacewasdesigned,hearstoriesaboutthepeoplewholivedthere,andlearnallabouttheQingdynasty’shistory.FullAccessTicketandSpecialExhibitionTicketWithaFullAccessticket,youcanvisitallthegalleries.WithaSpecialExhibitionticket,youwillhaveaccesstothethematicexhibitions(Gallery1toGallery7).AdultsDiscountFullAccessTicket(Gallery1-9)HK$220HK$110SpecialExhibitionTicket(Gallery1—7)HK$150HK$75Discountsincludechildren(age7to11),full-timestudents,seniors(age60andabove),personswithdisabilities(withonecompanion).Entryisfreeforchildrenage6andunder(onlinebookingandavalidFullAccessticketrequired).GroupTicketsTravelagentsticketbookings(with20ticketsorabove)arenowavailablefortheHongKongPalaceMuseum.Pleasebookyourticketsthroughtheonlineapplicationformbelowatleasttwoweeksbeforeyourvisit.Ourstaffwillbeintouchwithinsevenworkingdaysafterreceivingyourapplication.PublicGuidedTourFreeguidedtoursofspecificexhibitionsareavailableforindividualvisitors.PleasecheckthetourtimeandsignupattheG/FInformationCounter.Limitedquota(限額)isavailableonafirst-come-first-servebasis.1.WhatdoesYuanmingyuanexhibitionmainlyshow?A.Thedailylifeoftheemperors.B.ThefeatureofChinesepaintings.C.Theformationofthegarden-palace.D.ThebuildingstyleoftheQingdynasty.2.Howmuchwillaparentwithtwokidsaged9and6payforvisitingallthe9galleries?A.HK$220. B.HK$225. C.HK$330. D.HK$440.3.Whatshouldvisitorsdotogetfreeguidedtours?A.Bookonlinebeforethevisit. B.Visitwithagroupof20people.C.Registeranytimetheyarrive. D.Arriveearlywithinopeninghours.BPuffinsareadorablebirdswithbig,colorfulbeaks(喙)thatliveingrassycliffsintheFarNorth.Onesummerday,myhusbandandIboardedtheboattoFlateyIsland,eagertocatchaglimpseofthesecharmingcreatures.Assoonastheboatlefttheharbor,therainstartedpouring.Thewindpickedup,andtheboatbegantojump.Iwasbeginningtofeelseasick.Bythetimewereachedtheisland,myfingerswereblue.Theboatwouldn’tgobackforfourhours.Wehuddledundertheshelterofawarehouse,wonderingwhattodo.Thenawomanwearingmittens(手套)cameclosetous.“Youlookcold,”shesaid.“Wouldyouliketocometoourhouseforlunch?”Itwasasmallyellowhouseattheedgeofthevillage.Itwasfullofpeople,youngandold.Theymaderoomforusatthetable.Weateanddrankalot,andtheytoldusallaboutthepuffinsandtheotherbirdsontheisland.Itwasalmosttimefortheboattoleave,ournewfriendSigridwalkedintherainwithustothepuffins’cliffs.Wesatstillonthewetrocks,watchingthebirdsflyrighttowardus,cockingtheirheadsasifwonderingwhatweweredoingontheirisland.Theymadeuslaugh.Whentheboatwhistleblew,Sigridtookmyhandtosaygood-bye.“Yourhandsaresocold!”Slippinghermittensoff,shehandedthemtome.“Youneedtohavemittensfortheboatride,”shesaid.It’sbeenseventeenyears,andIstillhaveSigrid’smittens.They’renotfancyandbrightlikethepuffin’sbeak.ButasmuchasIlikedthosefunnylittlebirds,it’sthemittensIthinkofwhenIrememberedtheisland.I’vespentyearstryingtobeaskindtosomeoneelseasSigridwastomethatday.4.Whatwasunexpectedforthecoupleatfirst?A.Remotelivingplaceofthepuffins. B.Thepeacefulboatride.C.Delayingettingonboard. D.Thecoldrainyweather.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“huddled”meaninparagraph3?A.Walked. B.Crowded. C.Chatted. D.Relaxed.6.Whichwordcanbestdescribethecouple’striponFlateyIsland?A.Disappointing. B.Struggling. C.Exciting. D.Heart-warming.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PuffinsandMittens B.AClosePuffinWatchingCAMagicalTriptoFlateyIsland D.SurvivingaDaywithSigridCImaginelivinginacool,greencityfilledwithparksandthreadedwithfootpaths,bikelanesandbuseswhichtransportpeopletoshops,schoolsandservicecentersinamatterofminutes.Thisfancydreamisbehindtheideaofthe15-minutecity,whereallbasicneedsandservicesarewithinaquarterofanhour’sreach,improvingpublichealthandreducingpollution.Artificialintelligencecouldhelpcityplannersrealizethatvisionfaster,withanewstudyfromresearchersatTsinghuaUniversityinChinademonstratinghowmachinelearningcanproducemoreefficientspatialdesignsthanhumanscan.Automation(自動化)scientistZhengYuandhiscolleagueswantedtofindnewsolutionstoourcrowdedcities.TheydevelopedanAIsystemtodealwiththetoughtasksofcityplanningandfounditcanproducecityplansthatoutperformhumandesignsbyabout50percentonthreeaspects:accesstoservices,greenspacesandtrafficlevels.Startingsmall,Zheng’steamtaskedtheirmodelwithdesigningthecityareaonlyafewsquarekilometersinsize(about3x3blocks).Aftertwodaysoftraining,theAIsystemsearchedfortheidealroadlayoutsandlandusetofitwiththeconceptofthe15-minutecity.WhiletheAImodelcanincreaseitsuseforplanninglargercityareas,designinganentirecitywouldbemuchmorecomplex.Draftinganeighborhoodconsistingof4x4blockscontainstwiceasmanyplanningdecisionsasdesigning3x3blocks.Butautomatingevenafewstepsintheplanningprocesscansavehugeamountsoftime:theAImodelcancomputeinsecondscertaintasksthattakehumanplannersbetween50to100minutestoworkthrough.Automatingcertaintasksofcityplanningwouldfreeuphumanplannerstofocusonmorechallengingorhuman-centrictasks,suchaspublicengagementandaesthetics.RatherthanAIreplacingpeople,ZhengthinkstheirAIsystemcanworkasan“assistant”tocityplanners,whocouldproduceconceptdesignsthatareimprovedbythesystem,andreviewed,adjustedbyhumanexpertsbasedoncommunityfeedback.8.Whatdoes“thatvision”refertoinparagraph2?A.Buildingupaconvenientandgreencity.B.Improvingworkefficiencyincitydesign.C.UsingAIwidelytoimprovelifeinthecity.DCreatingmoreneedsandservicesinthecity.9.HowdidZheng’steamcarryouttheirstudy?A.BycomparingtheperfomancesofAIandhumans.B.ByaskingAItocompleteadesignofanentirecity.C.Bytraininghumandesignersformorechallengingjobs.D.ByholdingadesigncompetitionbetweenAIandhumans.10.WhichisAIincapableofconsideringincityplanningaccordingtothestudy?A.Trafficlevel. B.Greenspaces.C.Accesstoservices. D.Publicengagement.11.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A.TheuseofAIwillleadtolessfriendlycities.B.Humansshoulddealwithminortasksincitydesign.C.AIcanworkwithhumanstocreatemorelivablecities.D.AIwilltaketheplaceofhumanexpertsinthefuture.DAstudypublishedbytheMaxPlanckInstituteforHumanCognitiveandBrainSciencefoundthatmusicianswhoworkinthetwofieldsshowsignificantlydifferentbrainactivity,evenwhenthey’replayingthesamemusic.Theresearchcouldhelpexplainwhymusiciansseemtostandoutinoneorotherstyle,andnotusuallyinboth.Thestudyoutlinestwostepsinplayingthepiano:whatthepianistisgoingtoplay—meaningthekeystheypress—andhowtheyaregoingtoplay—whichfingerstheyshoulduse.Classicalpianiststendtofocusonthesecondstep—the“how”.Thismeanstheirfocusisontechniqueandthepersonalexpressiontheyaddtothepiece.Jazzpianistsontheotherhandfocusonthe“what”meaningtheyarealwayspreparedtoimprovise(即興創(chuàng)作)andadaptthenotesthey’replaying.Thestudyincluded30professionalpianists,halfofwhomwerejazzplayersandhalfofwhomwereclassical.Bothgroupswereshownahandplayingasequenceofchords(和音)onascreen.Thesequencewasarrangedirregularlywithmistakesinharmoniesandfingering.Thepianistshadtoreproducethehandmovementsandreacttotheirregularities,whiletheirbrainsignalswererecordedwithsensorsontheirhead.Thestudyfoundthatdifferentprocessesoccurredinthebrainsofthejazzandclassicalpianists.Inparticular,thejazzpianists’brainsbeganre-planningsoonerthantheclassicalpianists’brains.Thestudyfoundtheclassicalpianistsconcentratedonthefingeringandtechniqueoftheirplaying,whilethejazzpianistsweremorepreparedtochangethenotestheyplayed.“Inthejazzpianistswefoundevidencefromthebrainsignalsforthisflexibilityinplanningharmonieswhenplayingthepiano,”saysresearcherRobertaBianco.“Whenweaskedthemtoplayaharmonicallyunexpectedchord,theirbrainsstartedtore-planheactionsfasterthanclassicalpianists.Accordingly,theywerebetterabletoreactandcontinuetheirperformances.”12.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toexplain“what”and“how”inplayingthepiano.B.Tointroduceastudyonplayingstylesofmusicians.C.Tocomparetheskilllevelsofjazzandclassicalpianists.D.Toarguewhoaresmarterbetweenmusiciansoftwofields.13.Whatdoclassicalpianistspaymoreattentiontointheirperformances?A.Thefingerstheyuse. B.Thepatternstheyperform.C.Thenotestheyplay. D.Theatmospheretheycreate.14.Whatdoesparagraph4focuson?A.Majorfindingsoftheresearch.B.Explanationofresearchmethods.C.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.D.Futureapplicationoftheresearchfindings.15.Whyarejazzplayersthoughttobemoreflexible?A.Theycaremoreaboutplayingtechnique.B.Theyarebetteratcorrectingmusicalmistakes.C.Theyaremorereadyforthechangewhileplaying.D.Theyarelikelytoaddpersonalexpressiontothemusic.第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分。）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。SendingastronautstoMarsisabigchallenge.It’salong,dangerousjourney.AndastronautswillhavetotakeEVERYTHINGtheyneed.____16____Launchingthingsintospaceisexpensive.“TogettoMars,wealreadyhavethetechnology,”saysMichaelFlynn.“Theproblemis,it’scostly.”____17____Insteadofbuildingaheavyspaceshipandpackingitfullofstuff,whynotbuildWaterWalls—arecyclingsystemandusethestuffaspartofthespaceship?Makingoxygenandtakingawaycarbondioxide——thewastegasyoubreatheout—isoneprobleminspace.WaterWallswillremovecarbondioxidethesamewayit’sdonehereonEarth—withlivingplants.Livingplantstakeincarbondioxidetomaketheirfood,andgiveoffoxygen.Butplantsarehardtogrowinaspacecraft.____18____Algaearetinyplantsthatliveinwater.Thealgaewillliveinbagsinthewallstoo,fedbypoopandsunlight,eatingupcarbondioxideandmakingoxygenfortheastronautstobreathe.____19____It’scompact(緊密的),efficient,anddoesn’tneedalotoffancymachinerythatmightbreakdown.AmissiontoMarswillrequireastronautstogetbacktonature.Alas,thehumanbodyneedsalotofhelptosurviveinspace.Ifonlyweweremorelikethetardigrade!Tardigradesareverytinyinsect-likecreaturesthatliveinsoil.Whentheyfindthemselvesindanger,theyrollthemselvesupintoaballanddryout.Inthisstatetheycansurvivewithoutfoodorwaterfor100years.____20____A.Algaecanbeagoodchoice.B.Nothingiswastedinthespacecraft.C.ButFlynnthinkshehasasolution.D.SoatriptoMarsisfullofpackingchallenge.EIfonlywecouldtrainthemtoflyaspaceship.F.Thisonboardrecyclingsystemhasmanyadvantages.G.Themoreyoutake,themorerocketsyoumustlaunch,andthemoreitcosts.第二部分英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分。）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分。）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。IncentralAfghanistan’sBamyanValleystandsthefamousBuddhasofBamyan(巴米揚(yáng)大佛).Hemmatwassellingticketsfortheculturalheritageinsideacoolticketofficeinsteadofinthe____21____sun.However,thathadnotalwaysbeenthe____22____.“Inthepast,weworkedinthesun,snowandrain,”Hemmatsaid.Thingshavebeen____23____afterthebuildingoftwoticketofficeswhicharealso____24____asconservationworkstationsinthedaytime,andsecurityguardpositionsatnight.Theseticketofficesarebuiltwiththe____25____ofagroupofyoungscholarsfromChina’suniversities,andFriendsofDunhuang,whohavedonatedmoneyforthe____26____.Duetoyearsofwarandeconomichardships,____27____inBamyanValleywerenot____28____andcleanedforalongtime,letalonebeingpresentedwithanintroduction.The____29____thatwerestoppingthe_____30_____oftheculturalheritagehavebeensolvednow.“Withourspecificsuggestionsandfinancial_____31_____,mostofthecavesneartheBuddhasitehavebeen_____32_____numberedandinstalledwithintroductionnameplates,”saidShaoXuecheng,amemberofFriendsofDunhuang.Inaddition,theChinesescholarsstarteda_____33_____toteachlocalchildrenhowtopreserveculturalheritages.Kidsfrompoorfamiliescouldreceive_____34_____forfree.China’sgreateffortsinculturalheritageprotectionhavebeenwidely_____35_____.“IamgratefultoourChinesefriends,”Hemmatsaid.21.A.burning B.rising C.warm D.golden22.A.truth B.standard C.case D.tradition23.A.unexpected B.worsened C.affected D.improved24.A.regarded B.used C.described D.identified25.A.assistance B.belief C.encouragement D.creativity26.A.guards B.locals C.construction D.shelter27.A.offices B.caves C.facilities D.buildings28.A.explored B.discovered C.remembered D.numbered29.A.ideas B.problems C.warnings D.puzzles30.A.development B.challenges C.protection D.damage31.A.support B.management C.planning D.report32.A.officially B.intentionally C.carelessly D.easily33.A.business B.program C.career D.study34.A.food B.money C.information D.training35.A.enjoyed B.recognized C.discussed D.ignored第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分。）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Manypeopleholdatleastonememoryofakitefromtheirchildhoods.Itcouldbeasunnyspringdayin____36____openareawithfamilymembers.____37____thewindpicksup,theflyerrunsasfastastheycan,untilthekiteclimbshighintotheskyanddances____38____theair.Kites’originscandatebacktothelateSpringandAutumnPeriod(770——476BC).HistoricalaccountsshowedthatphilosopherMozispentthreeyearscraftingawoodenhawk,____39____isbelievedtobeaprototype(原型)oftoday’skite.Later,LuBanmadeimprovementsbyusingbambooinsteadofwood.Kitesareconsideredoneofthe____40____(early)formsofaircraft.Peopleobservedbirdsandthoughtofusingwoodandpaper____41____(make)objectsthatcouldflyinthesky.They____42____(drive)bycuriosityandaspiritofscientific____43____(explore)tounderstandandmakeuseofthepowerofwind.InChina,Weifang,Beijing,TianjinandJiangsuprovince’sNantongarefourmajorareasthatarecelebratedforuniquekite-making____44____(skill).Yettheyallsharethesamedevotiontopreservingand_____45_____(promote)traditionalcraftsmanship.第三部分寫作（共三節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)單句填空（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）用必修第二冊（Unit4-5）必修第三冊（Unit1-5）和選擇性必修第一冊（Unit1）單詞表詞的正確形式填空。46.______(受到啟發(fā))bydolphins,peoplehavelearnthowtosendsignalsunderwater.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)47.Arrivingatthefinishline,Danielsawlotsofpeoplewaitingonboatsto______(歡迎)him.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)48.Theorganizationwasformedwiththe______(目的)ofhelpinglocalpeople.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)49.Today,chopstickshavebecomea______(典型的)partofChineseculture.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)50.Wecanchoosehowto______(回應(yīng))tosituationsthataredifficult,orboring,ordangerous.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)51.Hergrandmawasthemostlovingandgivingpersonsheknewanditwasherfamily’s______(責(zé)任)tota