2025屆新高考英語精準沖刺復習 語法填空專項突破詞性改變

2025屆新高考英語精準沖刺復習

語法填空專題突破詞性改變CONTENTS010203【題型總覽】【突破策略】【題型精練】ONE【題型總覽】在語法填空試題好，所給提示詞為名詞時,通?？疾榭蓴?shù)名詞的單數(shù)變復數(shù),名詞的所有格或名詞派生為形容詞、動詞等。當提示詞為形容詞或副詞時,需考慮是否是考查比較級或形容詞和副詞之間的相互轉換。當提示詞為形容詞時,還要考慮是否需要轉換為名詞形式。提示詞為名詞【突破策略】提示詞為形容詞或副詞形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則形容詞變名詞的后綴比較等級的常見結構提示詞為代詞1.人稱代詞2.物主代詞3.反身代詞:名詞變復數(shù)名詞變動詞或形容詞的詞綴【突破策略1】提示詞為名詞名詞變復數(shù)【突破策略1】提示詞為名詞名詞變復數(shù)【突破策略1】提示詞為名詞【真題示例】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive________(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.【解答思路】分析句子結構,發(fā)現(xiàn)提示詞作賓語,詞性不需要改變,應考慮名詞復數(shù)形式。interview意為“采訪”為可數(shù)名詞,其前沒有冠詞就應用復數(shù)形式。故填interviews?！就黄撇呗?】提示詞為名詞2.名詞變動詞或形容詞的詞綴前綴/后綴示

例en-couragen.勇氣→encouragev.鼓勵-enstrengthn.力氣→strengthenv.加強-izeapologyn.道歉→apologizev.道歉-alnaturen.自然→naturaladj.自然的-yhealthn.健康→healthyadj.健康的-fulhelpn.幫助→helpfuladj.有幫助的-ousdangern.危險→dangerousadj.危險的-iveimpressionn.印象→impressiveadj.印象深刻的-ibleaccessn.進入,使用權,通道→accessibleadj.容易取得的【突破策略1】提示詞為名詞【真題示例1】(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,________(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.【解答思路】分析句子結構,發(fā)現(xiàn)需要改變詞性,應考慮其形容詞或動詞形式。本空需修飾后面的名詞soup,作定語,故填tasty?！就黄撇呗?】提示詞為名詞【真題示例2】(2023·全國乙卷)The________(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,meansthereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.【解答思路】分析句子成分可知,空處為形容詞修飾名詞“development”。故填remarkable。突破策略2提示詞為形容詞或副詞1.形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則情

況變化規(guī)則示

例一般情況直接加-lybrave→bravely雙音節(jié)、多音節(jié),以-y結尾變y為i,再加-lyeasy→easily

happy→happily單音節(jié),以-y結尾直接加-lydry→dryly

shy→shyly以-le結尾去e加-ysimple→simply

gentle→gently以元音字母+-e結尾去e加-lytrue→truly以-ll結尾只加-yfull→fully

dull→dully以-ic結尾加-allybasic→basically

scientific→scientifically突破策略2提示詞為形容詞或副詞【真題示例1】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)So,whataretheylearning?_______(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.【解答思路】分析句子結構可知,空處修飾空后整個句子,應該用副詞修飾,basic的副詞形式是basically;位于句首,首字母應大寫。故填Basically。突破策略2提示詞為形容詞或副詞【真題示例2】(2023·浙江高考·1月卷)Theterm“hutong”,________(original)meaning“waterwell”inMongolian,appearedfirstduringtheYuanDynasty.【解答思路】分析句子結構可知,空處修飾現(xiàn)在分詞meaning,需要用副詞形式。故填originally。突破策略2提示詞為形容詞或副詞2.形容詞變名詞的后綴后綴示例-ageshortadj.短缺的→shortagen.不足;短缺-cyfluentadj.流利的→fluencyn.流利;流暢-domwiseadj.聰明的→wisdomn.明智;智慧-encedifferentadj.不同的→differencen.差異

-nessweakadj.虛弱的→weaknessn.虛弱;弱點-thwarmadj.溫暖的→warmthn.溫暖-ydifficultadj.困難的→difficultyn.困難-tysafeadj.安全的→safetyn.安全-ityrealadj.真實的→realityn.真實突破策略2提示詞為形容詞或副詞3.比較等級的常見結構(1)句中含有than、much、any、far、still、even、abit、alot等時,要用比較級。(2)“the+比較級...,the+比較級”表示“越……越……”。(3)“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。(4)“the+比較級+ofthetwo+名詞復數(shù)”表示“兩者中較……的那個”。(5)“the+最高級+in(of,among)...”表示“在某范圍內(nèi)最……的”。突破策略2提示詞為形容詞或副詞【真題示例1】(2023·浙江高考·1月卷)Theirsiheyuanwerefarsmallerinscaleand________(simple)indesignanddecoration,andthehutongswerenarrower.【解答思路】根據(jù)句子結構和and可知,空格處需要填形容詞比較級和前面的smaller構成并列結構作表語。故填simpler。突破策略2提示詞為形容詞或副詞【真題示例2】(2022·全國乙卷)AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe________(large)tea-producingcountry...【解答思路】根據(jù)空前的定冠詞the和常識可知,中國是最大產(chǎn)茶國,所以用形容詞的最高級形式。故填largest。突破策略3提示詞為代詞牢記代詞的句法功能1.人稱代詞:人稱代詞的主格主要作主語;賓格作賓語或表語。2.物主代詞:形容詞性物主代詞只能作定語;名詞性物主代詞可作主語、賓語或表語。3.反身代詞:作賓語、表語或同位語。突破策略3提示詞為代詞【真題示例1】(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthemtobeliftedoutofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyof________(they)contents.【解答思路】分析句子結構,發(fā)現(xiàn)提示詞作定語時,應考慮用形容詞性物主代詞。本句空處修飾后面的名詞contents,作定語,需用形容詞性物主代詞。故填their突破策略3提示詞為代詞【真題示例2】(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin________(I).【解答思路】分析句子結構,發(fā)現(xiàn)提示詞作動詞或介詞的賓語時,應考慮用代詞的某種形式。根據(jù)句意“當這首歌響起,這條漫長又蜿蜒的路就永遠不會消失,它將永遠留在游客的記憶中,也肯定留在我的記憶中”可知,應用名詞性物主代詞。故填mine。突破策略3提示詞為代詞[典例展示3](2021·浙江6月高考)Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof________(she),everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.【解答思路】通過上文“Shewasextremelypretty”可知,本句“herhousewasareflectionof______”意為“她的房子就是她自己的寫照”,故用she的反身代詞形式。故填herself。【題型精練】NorthernKenyaisavast,variedandbreathtakinglybeautifullandscape1youcanfindthe“TowersoftheSavanna”—reticulated(網(wǎng)紋的)giraffes.TheyareoneofAfrica’smostimpressiveandpopularanimals,andyetthe2(adore)creaturesarestilllittlestudiedandnotwellunderstood.However,beforewecouldbegintoresearchintothesegiraffes,theyarebeingthreatenedwith3(extinct).1.where2.adorable3.extinction【題型精練】AccordingtoGiraffacamelopardalisreticulata,acrossAfrica,allgiraffepopulations4(decline)byover70percentinthepast20yearsfrom36,000tolessthan9,000today.Themain5(element)behindtheunpleasantsituationappeartobeillegalhunting,landdegradation(惡化)andlack6habitat.ThedecreaseledtheIUCNRedList,anauthoritativeindicatorofthehealthoftheworld’sbiodiversity,to7(official)listgiraffesasoneoftheendangeredspeciesinDecember2016.8isnowclearthattheyneedconservationefforts.4.havedeclined5.elements6.of7.officially8.It【題型精練】Tobetterunderstandthewildlifefoundhere,WildwatchKenyaseeks9(identify)andtrackthegiraffesinconservationfieldsites.Citizenscientistsarecalledtohelpresearcherslookthroughthetensofthousandsofphotostakenbycameras10(place)instrategicspotsthroughoutthesites.9.toidentify10.placed【題型精練】WingChunisasouthernChinesekungfustyledescendsfromShaolinKungFu.Ithasthedistinctionofhavingbeenfoundedbytwowomen,NgMuiandYimWing-chun.TheWingChunstyleisknownforplacing1(emphasize)ontechniqueratherthanstrength.Thisstylealsocallsforpractitionerstostayrelaxedwhile2(fight),allowingthemtoachieveakindofsoftnessorflexibility.ThisrelaxedflexibilitygivesWingChunfighter3specialkindofstrengththatallowsthemtobend,notbreak,justlikebamboo.

1.emphasis2.fighting3.a【題型精練】LegendhasitthatWingChunfounderNgMuiwaslivingatShaolinTemple4itwasattackedanddestroyedbyQingdynastyforcers.Survivingtheattack,sheescaped5theborderareabetweenYunnanandSichuan.Thereshemetayoungwoman6(name)YimWing-chun,who7(final)becameoneofhertopstudents.ShetaughtYimanimprovedversionofShaolinKungFu,knownasWingChunnow.Thisnewmartialart8(spread)andgrownintodifferentbranchesoverthepasttwohundredyears.4.when5.to6.named7.finallyhasspread【題型精練】IpMan,featuredintheeponymous(同名的)hitfilms,9(be)anotablepractitionerofWingChunstylemartialarts.HealsotaughttheWingChunstyletohisstudent,BruceLee,whowouldgoontoactinthebelovedHongKongkungfumovies10helpedmakeChinesemartialartsfamousaroundtheworld.

9.was10.that/which【題型精練】German-bornpandasarriveinChengduFour-year-oldpandatwinsMengXiangandMengYuan,thefirstgiantpandasborninGermany,1(arrive)inChengdu,Sichuanprovince,onDecember17,theChengduResearchBaseofGiantPandaBreedingsaid.AfterafarewellceremonyatZooBerlinearlierthismonth2(attend)byvisitors,thepandaswereputona3(fly)toChinaonSaturdayafternoon.StaffmembersfromtheGermanzooaccompaniedthetwinsontheflight.“ThebirthofthefirstgiantpandasinGermanywasnotonlya4(personal)movingexperience,butalsoahighlightinmyprofessionalcareer5azooveterinarianandzoodirector6nothingwilleasilyeclipse,”said