2001年考研英語真題及答案

PAGEPAGE192001年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題及答案PartIStructureandVocabularySectionA

Directions:

Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarked［A],［B］,［C］and［D］.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(5points)Example:

IhavebeentotheGreatWallthreetimes_______1979.

［A］from［B］after［C］for［D］since

Thesentenceshouldread,“IhavebeentotheGreatWallthreetimessince1979.”

Therefore,youshouldchoose［D］SampleAnswer［A］［B］［C］［■］1.IfIwereinamovie,thenitwouldbeabouttimethatI______myheadinmyhandsforacry.

［A］bury［B］amburying［C］buried［D］wouldbury

2.Goodnewswassometimesreleasedprematurely,withtheBritishrecaptureoftheport_______halfadaybeforethedefendersactuallysurrendered.

［A］toannounce［B］announced［C］announcing［D］wasannounced

3.Accordingtoonebelief,iftruthistobeknownitwillmakeitselfapparent,soone______waitinsteadofsearchingforit.

［A］wouldrather［B］hadto［C］cannotbut［D］hadbest

4.Shefeltsuitablyhumblejustasshe_______whenhehadfirsttakenagoodlookathercityself,hairwavedandgolden,nailsredandpointed.

［A］had［B］hadhad［C］wouldhavehad［D］hashad

5.TherewasnosignthatMrJospin,whokeepsafirmcontrolonthepartydespitefrom_______leadershipofit,wouldintervenepersonally.

［A］beingresigned［B］havingresigned［C］goingtoresign［D］resign

6.Soinvolvedwiththeircomputers_______thatleadersatsummercomputercapsoftenhavetoforcethemtobreakforsportsandgames.

［A］becamethecildren［B］becomethechildren［C］hadthechildrenbecome［D］dothechildrenbecome

7.TheindividualTVviewerinvariablysensesthatheorsheis_______ananonymous,statisticallyinsignificantpartofahugeanddiverseaudience.

［A］everythingexcept［B］anythingbut［C］nolessthan［D］nothingmorethan

8.Onedifficultyintranslationliesinobtainingaconceptmatch._______thisismeantthataconceptinonelanguageislostorchangedinmeaningintranslation.

［A］By［B］In［C］Nolessthan［D］Nothingmorethan

9.Conversationbecomesweakerinasocietythatspendssomuchtimelisteningandbeingtalkedto_______ithasallbutlostthewillandtheskilltospeakforitself.

［A］as［B］which［C］that［D］what

10.Churchasweusethewordreferstoallreligiousinstitutions,_______theyChristian,Islamic,Buddhist,Jewish,andsoon.

［A］be［B］being［C］were［D］are

SectionB

Directions:

Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)

Example:

ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound_______inthewoodsoffthehighway.

［A］vanished［B］scattered［C］abandoned［D］rejected

Thesentenceshouldread,“ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfoundabandonedinthe

woodsoffthehighway.”Therefore,youshouldchoose［C］.SampleAnswer［A］［B］［■］［D］11.Heistooyoungtobeableto_______betweenrightandwrong.

［A］discard［B］discern［C］disperse［D］disregard

12.Itwasno_______thathiscarwasseennearthebankatthetimeoftherobbery.

［A］coincidence［B］convention［C］certainty［D］complication

13.OneoftheresponsibilitiesoftheCoastGuardistomakesurethatallships_______followtrafficrulesinbusyharbors.

［A］cautiously［B］dutifully［C］faithfully［D］skillfully

14.TheEskimoisperhapsoneofthemosttrustingandconsiderateofallIndiansbutseemstobethe_______welfareofhisanimals.

［A］criticalabout［B］indignantat［C］indifferentto［D］subjectto

15.Thechairmanoftheboard_______onmetheunpleasantjobofdismissinggoodworkersthefirmcannolongeraffordtoemploy.

［A］compelled［B］posed［C］pressed［D］tempted

16.Itisnaivetoexpectthatanysocietycanresolveallthesocialproblemsitisfacedwith_______.

［A］forlong［B］inandout［C］onceforall［D］bynature

17.Usingextremelydifferentdecoratingschemesinadjoiningroomsmayresultin_______

andlackofunityinstyle.

［A］conflict［B］confrontation［C］disturbance［D］disharmony

18.TheTimberrattlesnakeisnowontheendangeredspecieslist,andisextinctintwoeasternstatesinwhichitonce_______.

［A］thrived［B］swelled［C］prospered［D］flourished

19.However,growthinthefabricatedmetalsindustrywasableto_______someofthedeclineintheironandsteelindustry.

［A］overturn［B］overtake［C］offset［D］oppress

20.Becauseofitsintimacy,radioisusuallymorethanjustamedium;itis_______.

［A］firm［B］company［C］corporation［D］enterprise

21.Whenanynonhumanorganistransplantedintoaperson,thebodyimmediatelyrecognizesitas_______.

［A］novel［B］remote［C］distant［D］foreign

22.MyfavoriteradiosongistheoneIfirstheardonathick1923EdisondiscI_______atagaragesale.

［A］trifledwith［B］scrapedthrough［C］stumbledupon［D］thirstedfor

23.Somedaysoftwarewilltranslatebothwrittenandspokenlanguagesowellthattheneedforanycommonsecondlanguagecould_______.

［A］descend［B］decline［C］deteriorate［D］depress

24.Equipmentnot______officialsafetystandardshasallbeenremovedfromtheworkshop.

［A］conformingto［B］consistentwith［C］predominantover［D］providingfor

25.Asanindustry,biotechnologystandsto_______electronicsindollarvolumeandperhapssurpassitinsocialimpactby2020.

［A］contend［B］contest［C］rival［D］strive

26.TheauthorsoftheUnitedStatesconstitutionattemptedtoestablishaneffectivenationalgovernmentwhilepreserving______forthestatesandlibertyforindividuals.

［A］autonomy［B］dignity［C］monopoly［D］stability

27.ForthreequartersofitsspanonEarth,lifeevolvedalmost_______asmicroorganisms.

［A］precisely［B］instantly［C］initially［D］exclusively

28.Theintroductionofgunpowdergraduallymadethebowandarrow_______,particularlyinWesternEurope.

［A］obscure［B］obsolete［C］optional［D］overlapping

29.Whoeverformulatedthetheoryoftheoriginoftheuniverse,itisjust_______andneedsproving.

［A］spontaneous［B］hypothetical［C］intuitive［D］empirical

30.Thefutureofthiscompanyis_______:manyofitstalentedemployeesareflowingintomoreprofitablenetbasedbusinesses.

［A］atodds［B］introuble［C］invain［D］atstakePartⅡClozeTest

Direction:

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)Thegovernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcases31thetrialofRosemaryWest.

Inasignificant32oflegalcontrolsoverthepress,LordIrvine,theLordChancellor,willintroducea33billthatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses34andwillstrictlycontroltheamountof35thatcanbegiventoacase36atrialbegins.

InalettertoGeraldKaufman,chairmanoftheHouseofcommonsmediaselectcommittee,LordIrvinesaidhe37withacommitteereportthisyearwhichsaidthatselfregulationdidnot38sufficientcontrol.

39ofthelettercametwodaysafterLordIrvinecauseda40ofmediaprotestwhenhesaidthe

41ofprivacycontrolscontainedinEuropeanlegislationwouldbelefttojudges42toParliament.

TheLordChancellorsaidintroductionoftheHumanRightsBill,which43theEuropeanConventiononHumanRightslegally44inBritain,laiddownthateverybodywas45toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamilies.

“Pressfreedomswillbeinsafehands46ourBritishjudges,"hesaid.

Witnesspaymentsbecamean47afterWestwassentencedto10lifesentencesin1995.Upto19witnesseswere48tohavereceivedpaymentsfortellingtheirstoriestonewspapers.Conernswereraised49witnessesmightbeencouragedtoexaggeratetheirstoriesincourtto50guiltyverdicts.

31.［A］asto［B］forinstance［C］inparticular［D］suchas

32.［A］tightening［B］intensifying［C］focusing［D］fastening

33.［A］sketch［B］rough［C］preliminary［D］improper

34.［A］illogical［B］illegal［C］improbable［D］improper

35.［A］publicity［B］penalty［C］popularity［D］peculiarity

36.［A］since［B］if［C］before［D］as

37.［A］sided［B］shared［C］complied［D］agreed

38.［A］present［B］offer［C］manifest［D］indicate

39.［A］Release［B］Publication［C］Printing［D］Exposure

40.［A］storm［B］rage［C］flare［D］flash

41.［A］translation［B］interpretation［C］exhibition［D］demonstration

42.［A］betterthan［B］otherthan［C］ratherthan［D］soonerthan

43.［A］changes［B］makes［C］sets［D］turns

44.［A］binding［B］convincing［C］restraining［D］sustaining

45.［A］authorized［B］credited［C］entitled［D］qualified

46.［A］with［B］to［C］from［D］by

47.［A］impact［B］incident［C］inference［D］issue

48.［A］stated［B］remarked［C］said［D］told

49.［A］what［B］when［C］which［D］that

50.［A］assure［B］confide［C］ensure［D］guarantee

PartⅢReadingComprehension

Directions:

Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40points)

Passage1

Specialisationcanbeseenasaresponsetotheproblemofanincreasingaccumulationofscientificknowledge.Bysplittingupthesubjectmatterintosmallerunits,onemancouldcontinuetohandletheinformationanduseitasthebasisforfurtherresearch.Butspecialisationwasonlyoneofaseriesofrelateddevelopmentsinscienceaffectingtheprocessofcommunication.Anotherwasthegrowingprofessionalisationofscientificactivity.

Noclearcutdistinctioncanbedrawnbetweenprofessionalsandamateursinscience:exceptionscanbefoundtoanyrule.Neverthelss,theword`amateur'doescarryaconnotationthatthepersonconcernedisnotfullyintegratedintothescientificcommunityand,inparticular,maynotfullyshareitsvalues.Thegrowthofspecialisationinthenineteenthcentury,withitsconsequentrequirementofalonger,morecomplextraining,impliedgreaterproblemsforamateurparticipationinscience.Thetrendwasnaturallymostobviousinthoseareasofsciencebasedespeciallyonamathematicalorlaboratorytraining,andcanbeillustratedintermsofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheUnitedKingdom.

AcomparisonofBritishgeologicalpublicationsoverthelastcenturyandahalfrevealsnotsimplyanincreasingemphasisontheprimacyofresearch,butalsoachangingdefinitionofwhatconstitutesanacceptableresearchpaper.Thus,inthenineteenthcentury,localgeologicalstudiesrepresentedworthwhileresearchintheirownright;but,inthetwentiethcentury,localstudieshaveincreasinglybecomeacceptabletoprofessionalsonlyiftheyincorporate,andreflecton,thewidergeologicalpicture.Amateurs,ontheotherhand,havecontinuedtopursuelocalstudiesintheoldway.Theoverallresulthasbeentomakeentrancetoprofessionalgeologicaljournalsharderforamateurs,aresultthathasbeenreinforcedbythewidespradintroductionofrefereeing,firstbynationaljournalsinthenineteenthcenturyandthenbyseverallocalgeologicaljournalsinthetwentiethcentury.Asalogicalconsequenceofthisdevelopment,separatejournalshavenowappearedaimedmainlytowardseitherprofessionaloramateurreadership.Arathersimilarprocessofdifferentiationhasledtoprofessionalgeologistscomingtogethernationallywithinoneortwospecificsocieties,whereastheamateurshavetendedeithertoremaininlocalsocietiesortocometogethernationallyinadifferentway.

AlthoughtheprocessofprofessionalisationandspecialisationwasalreadywellunderwayinBritishgeologyduringthenineteenthcentury,itsfullconsequenceswerethusdelayeduntilthetwentiethcentury.Insciencegenerally,however,thenineteenthcenturymustbereckonedasthecrucialperiodforthischangeinthestructureofscience.

51.Thegrowthofspecialisationinthe19thcenturymightbemoreclearlyseeninscien

-cessuchas_______.

［A］sociologyandchemistry

［B］physicsandpsychology

［C］sociologyandpsychology

［D］physicsandchemistry

52.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.

［A］thereislittledistinctionbetweenspecialisationandprofessionalisation

［B］amateurscancompetewithprofessionalsinsomeareasofscience

［C］professionalstendtowelcomeamateursintothescientificcommunity

［D］amateurshavenationalacademicsocietiesbutnolocalones

53.Theauthorwritesofthedevelopmentofgeologytodemonstrate_______.

［A］theprocessofspecialisationandprofessionalisation

［B］thehardshipofamateursinscientificstudy

［C］thechangeofpoliciesinscientificpublications

［D］thediscriminationofprofessionalsagainstamateurs

54.Thedirectreasonforspecialisationis_______。

［A］thedevelopmentincommunication

［B］thegrowthofprofessionalisation

［C］theexpansionofscientificknowledge

［D］thesplittingupofacademicsocieties

Passage2

Agreatdealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytothesocalleddigitaldivide—thedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthatdividedoesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwaslessvisiblethen,however,werethenew,positiveforcesthatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.Therearereasonstobeoptimistic.

Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.AstheInternetbecomesmoreandmorecommercialized,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess—afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotentialcustomersthereare.Moreandmoregovernments,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleftbehind,wanttospreadInternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwobillionpeopleontheplanetwillbenettedtogether.Asaresult,Inowbelievethedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.AndthatisverygoodnewsbecausetheInternetmaywellbethemostpowerfultoolforcombatingworldpovertythatwe'veeverhad.

Ofcourse,theueoftheInternetisn'ttheonlywaytodefeatpoverty.AndtheInternetisnottheonlytoolwehave.Butithasenormouspotential.Totakeadvantageofthistool,someimpoverishedcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedanticolonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure(thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialsinfrastructure,itdidn'thavethecapitaltodoso.AndthatiswhyAmerica'sSecondWaveinfrastructure—includingroads,barbors,highways,protsandsoon—werebuiltwithforeigninvestment.TheEnglish,theGermans,theDutchandtheFrenchwereinvestinginBritain'sformercolony.Theyfinancedthem.ImmigrantAmericansbuiltthem.Guesswhoownsthemnow?TheAmericans.IbelievethesamethingwouldbetrueinplaceslikeBraziloranywhereelseforthatmatter.ThemoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelpingyoubuildyourThirdWaveinfrastructure,whichtodayisanelectronicinfrastructure,thebetteroffyou'regoingtobe.Thatdoesn'tmeanlyingdownandbecomingfooled,orlettingforeigncorporationsrununcontrolled.ButitdoesmeansrecognizinghowimportanttheycanbeinbuildingtheenergyandtelecominfrastructuresneededtotakefulladvantageoftheInternet.

55.Digitaldivideissomething_______.

［A］gettingworsebecauseoftheInternet

［B］therichcountriesareresponsiblefor

［C］theworldmustguardagainst

［D］consideredpositivetoday

56.GovernmentsattachimportancetotheInternetbecauseit_______.

［A］offerseconomicpotentials

［B］canbringforeignfunds

［C］cansoonwipeoutworldpoverty

［D］connectspeopleallovertheworld

57.ThewritermentionedthecaseoftheUnitedStatestojustifythepolicyof_______.

［A］providingfinancialsupportoverseas

［B］preventingforeigncapital'scontrol

［C］buildingindustrialinfrastructure

［D］acceptingforeigninvestment

58.Itseemsthatnowacountry'seconomydependsmuchon_______.

［A］howwelldevelopeditiselectronically

［B］whetheritisprejudicedagainstimmigrants

［C］whetheritadoptsAmerica'sindustrialpattern

［D］howmuchcontrolithasoverforeigncorporations

Passage3

WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongselfanalysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.

Sadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylowlevelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes,combinedwithlotsofheadscratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.

Butthesourcesofdistrustgowaydeeper.Mostjounalistslearntoseetheworldthroughasetofstandardtemplates(patterns)intowhichtheyplugeachday'sevents.Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandareadymadenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusingnews.

Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaders,whichhelpsexplainwhythe“standardtemplates"ofthenewsroomseemalientomanyreaders.Inarecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddlesizecitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.Thenresidentsinthesecommunitieswerephonedatrandomandaskedthesamequestions.

RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscaleneighborhoods,havemaids,ownMercedeses,andtradestocks,andthey'relesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinacoummunity.

Reporterstendtobepartofabroadlydefinedsocialandculturalelite,sotheirworktendstoreflecttheconventionalvaluesofthiselite.Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn'trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialsskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.

Thisisanexplosivesituationforanyindustry,particularlyadecliningone.Hereisatroubledbusinessthatkeepshiringemployeeswhoseattitudesvastlyannoythecustomers.Thenitsponsorslotsofsymposiumsandacredibilityprojectdedicatedtowonderingwhycustomersareannoyedandfleeinginlargenumbers.Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanyformerbuyersarecomplainingabout.Ifitdid,itwouldopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.

59Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

［A］needsofthereadersallovertheworld

［B］causesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutnewspapers

［C］originsofthedecliningnewspaperindustry

［D］aimsofajournalismcredibilityproject

60.Theresultsofthejournalismcredibilityprojectturnedouttobe_______.

［A］quitetrustworthy

［B］somewhatcontradictory

［C］veryilluminating

［D］rathersuperficial

61.Thebasicproblemofjournalistsaspointedoutbythewriterliesintheir_______.

［A］workingattitude

［B］conventionallifestyle

［C］worldoutlook

［D］educationalbackground

62.Despiteitsefforts,thenewspaperindustrystillcannotsatisfythereadersowingto

its_______.

［A］failuretorealizeitsrealproblem

［B］tendencytohireannoyingreporters

［C］likelinesstodoinaccuratereporting

［D］prejudiceinmattersofraceandgender

Passage4

Theworldisgoingthroughthebiggestwaveofmergersandacquisitionseverwitnessed.TheprocesssweepsfromhyperactiveAmericatoEuropeandreachestheemergingcountrieswithunsurpassedmight.Manyinthesecountriesarelookingatthisprocessandworrying:“Won'tthewaveofbusinessconcentrationturnintoanuncontrollableanti-competitiveforce?"

There'snoquestionthatthebigaregettingbiggerandmorepowerful.Multinationalcorporationsaccountedforlessthan20%ofinternationaltradein1982.Todaythefigureismorethan25%andgrowingrapidly.Internationalaffiliatesaccountforafastgrowingsegmentofproductionineconomiesthatopenupandwelcomeforeigninvestment.InArgentina,forinstance,afterthereformsoftheearly1990s,multinationalswentfrom43%toalmost70%oftheindustrialproductionofthe200largestfirms.Thisphenomenonhascreatedseriousconcernsovertheroleofsmallereconomicfirms,ofnationalbusinessmenandovertheultimatestabilityoftheworldeconomy.

IbelievethatthemostimportantforcesbehindthemassiveM&Awavearethesamethatunderlietheglobalizationprocess:fallingtransportationandcommunicationcosts,lowertradeandinvestmentbarriersandenlargedmarketsthatrequireenlargedoperationscapableofmeetingcustomers'demands.Allthesearebeneficial,notdetrimental,toconsumers.Asproductivitygrows,theworld'swealthincreases.

Examplesofbenefitsorcostsofthecurrentconcentrationwavearescanty.YetitishardtoimaginethatthemergerofafewoilfirmstodaycouldrecreatethesamethreatstocompetitionthatwerefearednearlyacenturyagointheU.S.,whentheStandardOiltrustwasbrokenup.Themergersoftelecomcompanies,suchasWorldCom,hardlyseemtobringhigherpricesforconsumersorareductioninthepaceoftechnicalprogress.Onthecontrary,thepriceofcommunicationsiscomingdownfast.Incars,too,concentrationisincreasing—witnessDaimlerandChrysler,RenaultandNissan—butitdoesnotappearthatconsumersarebeinghurt.

Yetthefactremainsthatthemergermovementmustbewatched.Afewweeksago,AlanGreenspanwarnedagainstthemegamergersinthebankingindustry.Whoisgoingtosupervise,regulateandoperateaslenderoflastresortwiththegiganticbanksthatarebeingcreated?Won'tmultinationalsshiftproductionfromoneplacetoanotherwhenanationgetstoostrictaboutinfringementstofaircompetition?Andshouldonecountrytakeuponitselftheroleof“defendingcompetition"onissuesthataffectmanyothernations,asintheU.S.vs.Microsoftcase?63.Whatisthetypicaltrendofbusinessestoday?

［A］totakeinmoreforeignfunds

［B］toinvestmoreabroad

［C］tocombineandbecomebigger

［D］totradewithmorecountries

64.Accordingtotheauthor,oneofthedrivingforcesbehindM&Awaveis_______.

［A］thegreatercustomerdemands

［B］asurplussupplyforthemarket

［C］agrowingproductivity

［D］theincreaseoftheworld'swealth

65.Fromparagraph4wecaninferthat_______.

［A］theincreasingconcentrationiscertaintohurtconsumers

［B］WorldComservesasagoodexampleofbothbenefitsandcosts

［C］thecostsofthegobalizationprocessareenormous

［D］theStandardOiltrustmighthavethreatenedcompetition

66.Towardthenewbusinesswave,thewriter'sattitudecanbesaidtobe_______.

［A］optimistic

［B］objective

［C］pessimistic

［D］biased

Passage5

WhenIdecidedtoquitmyfulltimeemploymentitneveroccurredtomethatImightbecomeapartofanewinternationaltrend.Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighprofilecareeralthough,inthemannerofadisgracedgovernmentminister,Icoveredmyexitbyclaiming“Iwantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily".

Curiously,sometwoandahalfyearsandtwonovelslater,myexperimentinwhattheAmericansterm“downshifting"hasturnedmytiredexcuseintoanabsolutereality.Ihavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofthephilosophyof“haveitall",preachedbyLindaKelseyforthepastsevenyearsinthepagesofShemagazine,intoawomanwhoishappytosettleforabitofeverything.

Ihavediscovered,asperhapsKelseywillafterhermuchpublicizedresignationfromtheeditorshipofSheafterabuildupofstress,thatabandoningthedoctrineof“jugglingyourlife",andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting”bringswithitfargreaterrewardsthanfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.NothingcouldpersuademetoreturntothekindoflifeKelseyusedtoadvocateandIonceenjoyed:12-hourworkingdays,pressureddeadlines,thefearfulstrainofofficepoliticsandthelimitationsofbeingaparenton“qualitytime”.

InAmerica,themoveawayfromjugglingtoasimpler,lessmaterialisticlifestyleisa-well-establishedtrend.Downshifting—alsoknowninAmericaas“voluntarysimplicity”—has,ironically,evenbredanewareaofwhatmightbetermedanti-consumerism.Thereareanumberofbestsellingdownshiftingselfhelpbooksforpeoplewhowanttosimplifytheirlives;therearenewsletters,suchasTheTightwadGazette,thatgivehundredsofthousandsofAmericansusefultipsonanythingfromrecyclingtheirclingfilmtomakingtheirownsoap;thereareevensupportgroupsforthosewhowanttoachievethemid'90sequivalentofdroppingout.

Forthewomenofmygenerationwhowereurgedtokeepjugglingthroughthe'80s,downshiftinginthemid'90sisnotsomuchasearchforthemythicalgoodlife—growingyourownorganicvegetables,andriskingturningintoone—asapersonalrecognitionofyourlimitations.

67.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoparagraph1?

［A］Fulltimeemploymentisanewinternationaltrend.

［B］Thewriterwascompelledbycircumstancestoleaveherjob.

［C］“Alateralmove"meanssteppingoutoffulltimeemployment.

［D］Thewriterwasonlytooeagertospendmoretimewithherfamily.

68.Thewriter'sexperimentshowsthatdownshifting_______.

［A］enableshertorealizeherdream

［B］helpshermoldanewphilosophyoflife

［C］promptshertoabandonherhighsocialstatus

［D］leadshertoacceptthedoctrineofShemagazine

69.“Jugglingone'slife”probablymeanslivingalifecharacterizedby_______.

［A］nonmaterialisticlifestyle

［B］abitofeverything

［C］extremestree

［D］anticonsumerism

70.Accordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheU.S.asaresultof_______.

［A］thequickpaceofmo