高考英語甲卷詞匯研究講義高三英語三輪沖刺

備課內(nèi)容：2022年全國高考英語（甲卷）詞匯研究2022年全國高考英語（甲卷）詞匯研究課標詞匯是高考出題老師之根本，是一線教師教學(xué)之依據(jù)，故熟讀《高中課程標準》，研究課標詞對教學(xué)起著至關(guān)重要的作用。本文專門研究2022年甲卷真題全卷詞匯，希望對同行有所幫助。一、全卷標注漢語的詞匯，對解題是否有影響opportunity“機會”，新課標詞，從整個句子“孩子、藝術(shù)家，作家和任何人都有……來做具有創(chuàng)造性的事情”可以推斷出詞義。symmetrical“對稱的”，非課標詞，冷僻詞，標注很有必要，不標注會加大考生對句意的理解難度。clues“線索”，新課標詞，從后面的useasenseoftouch可猜出詞義。penguins“企鵝”，非課標詞，不標注對解題沒有影響，從前面antarctic(南極洲)可以猜出詞義。career“職業(yè)”，非課標詞，不標注沒有影響，后文提到asaprofessional可以猜測出來watchwords“口號”，合成詞，不標注沒有影響。resolving“解決”，新課標詞，不標注會加大考生對句意的理解難度。Utensils“餐具”，非課標詞，冷僻詞，猜詞依據(jù)不充分，不標注會加大考生對句意的理解難度。etiquette“禮節(jié)”,非課標詞，冷僻詞，猜詞依據(jù)不充分，不標注會加大考生對句意的理解難度。Proposing“求婚”，非課標詞，從前文的getdownononeknee可推斷是“求婚”之意。Kneel“跪”，新課標詞，從前文的“proposedtome”可知是“跪下”之意。Hike“徒步”，新課標詞，猜詞依據(jù)充分,從后面的byfoot可猜出詞義。Route“路線”，新課標詞，猜詞依據(jù)充分,而且此題是語法填空題，不標注對解題沒有影響。Tribute“致敬”，非課標詞，猜詞依據(jù)不充分，不標注會加大考生對句意的理解難度。沒有標注漢語的非課標詞，對解題的影響StDavid’sHallWalesCardiffMermaidQuayCardiffBayShermanCyrruWelshPromsCardiffTheHayesCathaytheWestEndCoffincockatoosallocentricGinniBazlintonAntarcticapenguinGentooplungeChichesterTierradelFuegohumpbackAndrewReynoldscatamaranShirleyFitzgeraldAnthonyPortugalTillyChanceMollyFloraKilimanjaroKashgar不標注漢語的這些非課標詞匯出現(xiàn)較多的主要是人名和地名，學(xué)生可以通過猜測推斷，不影響學(xué)生做題。三、全卷詞匯歸類：試卷以舊課標詞匯命題（加粗為試題中出現(xiàn)的詞匯，不加粗則是在課標中出現(xiàn)的詞匯）（一）派生名詞：1.ment動詞名詞動詞名詞動詞名詞entertainentertainmentdevelopdevelopmentstatestatement2.tion/ation(tion,ion,去e+ation)動詞名詞動詞名詞動詞名詞presentpresentationimpressimpressionattractattractionrecognizerecognitionrealizerealizationfoundfoundationselectselectioninviteinvitationbinebination3.ence/ance動詞名詞動詞名詞referreferenceelegantelegance4.ing動詞名詞dancedancing5.以er/or/ant結(jié)尾的表示人的名詞動詞名詞動詞名詞動詞名詞researchresearcherlearnlearnersortsortercheckcheckerreadreaderdancedancer6.其他：名詞名詞動詞名詞形容詞名詞historyhistorianarchitectarchitecturedynamicdynamismmodernmodernitytourtouristdiversediversity（二）派生形容詞1.al名詞形容詞名詞形容詞名詞形容詞classicclassicalofficeofficialcultureculturalprofessionprofessionaltraditiontraditionalnationinternational2.ful名詞形容詞名詞形容詞skillskilfulthoughtthoughtfulbeautybeautifulcheercheerful3.y動詞形容詞動詞形容詞likelikelylovelovely4.ic名詞形容詞名詞形容詞geometrygeometrichistoryprehistoricallocentryallocentric同中心的operationoperatic5.able動詞形容詞動詞形容詞動詞形容詞suitsuitableaccessaccessibleforgetunforgettable6.ive動詞形容詞動詞形容詞impressimpressivecreatecreative其它：名詞形容詞名詞形容詞名詞形容詞independenceindependentsignificancesignificanteleganceelegant（三）派生副詞形容詞副詞形容詞副詞形容詞副詞differentdifferentlycultureculturallyincreaseincreasinglyentireentirelyfullfullyprobableprobablyeventualeventuallyeasyeasilyusualusuallymainmainly（四）合成詞websitetrialanderrorSignalReaderschildhoodmainlandhumpbackshaperecognitionfollowupgatekeeperslastminutewildlifeunderwatertwoyearoldShapeSorterskickstartedsouthernmostsunriseunderlineferryboateverywherewatchwordsbusinessmankeyhole（五）熟詞生義1.Withanimpressive2,000seatconcerthall,StDavid’sHallishometotheannualWelshPromsCardiff.（A篇）單詞熟義生義homen.家n.發(fā)源地2.Everyweekendthisis“Wales”premieredyclubwherehavingagreattimeistheorderforbothaudiencesandedystarsalike.（A篇）單詞熟義生義premiern.總理adj.首要的，首位的3.Itishardtonameaedystarwhohasn’tbeenonthestagehere.（A篇）單詞熟義生義namen.名字，名稱v.叫出……的名字4.PresentingthebestoftheWestEndalongwiththepickoftheUK’stouringshows,theNewTheatreisCardiff’soldestsurvivingtraditionaltheatre.（A篇）單詞熟義生義bestadj.最好的n.最好的事物或人pickv.挑選或選擇n.精品5.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.（B篇）單詞熟義生義trackn.足跡，軌跡v.跟蹤，追蹤6.InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe’dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.（C篇）單詞熟義生義boardn.板，木板v.登上（船）7.AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.（D篇）單詞熟義生義pilotn.飛行員v.領(lǐng)航（船只）8.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine,andwewentoutseparatewaysheforalunchbreak,Itoexplorethecity.（D篇）單詞熟義生義runv.跑n.旅程，航程9.“I’llmisstheseoldboats,”hesaidasweparted.（D篇）單詞熟義生義partn.部分，一部分v.分別10.We’vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry.（D篇）單詞熟義生義drivev.駕駛，開車n.沖勁，干勁11.Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry，themorefortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.（七選五）單詞熟義生義practicev.練習n.習俗，習慣12.Thewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourpanions.（七選五）單詞熟義生義handlen.柄，把手v.（用手）拿12.Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.（七選五）單詞熟義生義bitev.咬n.（咬下的）一口13.Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry.單詞熟義生義givenv.給(give的過去分詞)adj.特定的14.becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.單詞熟義生義seasonn.季節(jié)v.加調(diào)料15.Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange.（七選五）單詞熟義生義randomadj.隨意的adj.奇怪的,不可思議的16.Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem.（七選五）單詞熟義生義stickv.粘貼n.條，棍v.將……插入17.Ayearlater,muchtomydelight,thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtome.單詞熟義生義producev.生產(chǎn)v.拿出，掏出proposev.提議，建議V.求婚18.Youcantellalotaboutamanbyhowhetreatshisdogs.（完形填空）單詞熟義生義tellv.告訴v.知道，看出，判斷19.WhenIfirstdatedSteve,Ilearnedhehadadog,Molly,andacat,Flora.（完形填空）單詞熟義生義learnv.學(xué)習v.得知，獲悉20.AvisuallychallengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststepjourneytheBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.單詞熟義生義journeyn.旅行v.（尤指長途）旅行全卷用詞共2633詞題型段落詞數(shù)題目及選項詞數(shù)閱讀理解A篇29560閱讀理解B篇259127閱讀理解C篇32095閱讀理解D篇373138七選五21984完形填空25388語法填空201短文改錯103書面表達18五、結(jié)論通過對真題的研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)真題詞匯的構(gòu)成如下：《高中課程標準》所列詞匯、派生詞、詞匯的合成詞、縮略詞、首字母大寫的專有名詞。由以上研究結(jié)論可知，應(yīng)對舊高考，應(yīng)當把《高中課程標準》所列的3500個詞匯無死角，每個詞匯的拼寫、拓展出來的各種詞性、漢語釋義，都要記。但是學(xué)生手上只有課本，沒有《高中課程標準》，而且課程標準上所列的單詞沒有詞性、沒有漢語釋義，也不能滿足學(xué)生的要求。另外，建議一線教師盡量熟讀并研究《高中課程標準》，從而在詞匯教學(xué)中有的放矢。高考必備詞綴小結(jié)高考必備詞綴小結(jié)（一）名詞后綴：一動詞名詞1.+ment注意：judgejudgment2.+ion/+ation,去e+ion，去e+tion,去e+ation4.ence/ance5.ing6.以er/or/+ant結(jié)尾的表示人的名詞7./ian/ist/ism8.+yrecover→recovery;discover→discovery注意：describe→descriptionintend→intentionchoose→choice;vary→variety;tend→tendency;advise→advice;apologize→apology;classify→classification;grow→growth形容詞名詞1.ate→acy2.ble→bilityable→ability;responsible→responsibility;possible→possibility;flexible→flexibility3.nessweak→weakness;kind→kindness;ill→illness;sad→sadness;happy→happiness4.+y/+tydifficult→difficulty,honest→honesty,cruel→cruelty,safe→safety6.th注意:free→freedom;wise→wisdom;short→shortage高考必備詞綴小結(jié)（二）形容詞后綴：al/去e+almusic→musical;person→personal;nation→national;centre→central;practice→practicalnature→natural;culture→cultural;agriculture→agricultural;architecture→architectural2.+ful/less3.+y;去e+y;雙寫+yhealth→healthy;sleep→sleepy;difficult→difficulty;noise→noisy;sun→sunny4.ic/ical5.able6.+ly7.+iveact→active;attract→attractive;impress→impressive;create→creative+aryimagine→imaginary+erneast→eastern;west→western;south→southern;north→northern;southwest→southwestern+ibleaccess→accessible;horror→horrible;terror→terrible+ishfool→foolish;self→selfish;child→childish+ousdanger→dangerous;anxiety→anxious;ambition→ambitious;curiosity→curious;humor→humorous13.cialfacefacial;benefitbeneficial;officeofficial14.ance→ant/ence→ent/ency→entimportance→important;significance→significant;