頡斌斌老師考研長(zhǎng)難句66句精講背誦譯文

頡斌斌老師考研長(zhǎng)難句66句精講背誦譯文主講人：頡斌斌實(shí)戰(zhàn)篇（譯文）OfallthechangesthathavetakenplaceinEnglish-languagenewspapersduringthepastquarter-century,perhapsthemostfar-reachinghasbeentheinexorabledeclineinthescopeandseriousnessoftheirartscoverage.(2010英語(yǔ)一text132425秒）譯 圍和嚴(yán)肅性出現(xiàn)了不可避免的衰落。Itisdifficulttothepointofimpossibilityfortheaveragereaderundertheageoffortytoimagineatimecriticismcouldbefoundinmostbig-citynewspapers.(2010text143850秒）譯文：對(duì)于40歲以下的讀者來(lái)說(shuō)，他們很難想象曾經(jīng)有一個(gè)時(shí)代可以在大多數(shù)大都市報(bào)上讀到高品質(zhì)的藝術(shù)評(píng)論。Forexample,someearlysocietiesceasedtoconsidercertainritesessentialtotheirwell-beingandabandonedthem,nevertheless,theyretainedaspartsoftheiroraltraditionthemythsthathadgrownuparoundtheritesandadmiredthemfortheirartisticqualitiesratherthanfortheirreligioususefulness.(45857秒)譯 例如，早期的一些社會(huì)群體不再認(rèn)為某些特定的宗教儀式對(duì)人們的幸福安康是至關(guān)重要的，的神話傳說(shuō)恰恰又保留下來(lái)作為口頭傳統(tǒng)文化的一部分并且他們特別喜歡這些神話傳說(shuō)并不是因?yàn)樗鼈兊淖诮虄r(jià)值而是因?yàn)樗鼈兊乃囆g(shù)價(jià)值。Yetaconsiderablenumberofthemostsignificantcollectionsofcriticismpublishedinthe20thcenturyconsistedinlargepartofnewspaperreviews. (2010英語(yǔ)一text15111秒）譯 文：然而，20世紀(jì)出版的大量重要評(píng)論文集多是報(bào)紙?jiān)u論。WeareevenfartherremovedfromtheunfocusednewspaperreviewspublishedinEnglandbetweentheturnofthe20thcenturyandtheeveofWorldWarⅡ,atatimewhennewsprintwasdirt-cheapandstylishartscriticismwasconsideredanornamenttothepublicationsinwhichitappeared.(2010英語(yǔ)一text151725秒）譯 文：我們離20世紀(jì)初至二戰(zhàn)前夕這一時(shí)期英國(guó)報(bào)紙上發(fā)表的主題自由的評(píng)論相差甚遠(yuǎn)。當(dāng)時(shí)，新聞?dòng)眉垉r(jià)格低廉，新穎的藝術(shù)評(píng)論被視為刊物的裝飾?！癝ofewauthorshavebrainsenoughorliterarygiftenoughtokeeptheirownendupinjournalism,”Newmanwrote,“thatIamtemptedtodefine‘journalism’as‘a(chǎn)termofcontemptappliedbywriterswhoare.’”(2010英語(yǔ)一text153846秒）譯 把‘新聞業(yè)’定義為‘不受讀者歡迎的作家’對(duì)‘受讀者歡迎的作家’的輕蔑之辭?！盋urbsonbusiness-methodclaimswouldbeadramaticabout-face,becauseitwastheFederalCircuititselfthatintroducedsuchpatentswithits1998decisionintheso-calledStateStreetBankcase,approvingaassets.(2010英語(yǔ)一text26041秒）譯 本1998年所謂的美國(guó)道富銀行案的裁決中引入了這類專利，批準(zhǔn)對(duì)某種共同投資資產(chǎn)的管理方法授予專利。TheFederalCircuitissuedanunusualorderstatingthatthecasewouldbeheardbyall12ofthecourt’sjudges,ratherthanatypicalpanelofthree,andthatoneissueitwantstoevaluateiswhetheritshouldBankruling.(2010英語(yǔ)一text262830秒）譯 同尋常的指令，聲明該案將由法院全部12名法官共同審理，而不是通常的三人陪審團(tuán)，同時(shí)法院將衡量是否應(yīng)當(dāng)“重新考慮”美國(guó)道富銀行案的裁決。InhisbookTheTippingPoint,MalcolmGladwellarguesthat“socialepidemics”aredriveninlargepartbytheactionsofatinyminorityofspecialindividuals,oftencalledinfluentials,whoareunusuallyinformed,.(2010英語(yǔ)一text333040秒）譯 由極少善于游說(shuō)或人脈廣泛。Theresearchers’argumentstemsfromasimpleobservationaboutsocialinfluence:Withtheexceptionofoutsizepresenceisprimarilyafunctionofmedia,notinterpersonal,influence—eventhemostinfluentialmembersofapopulationsimplydon’tinteractwiththatmanyothers.(2010英語(yǔ)一text37046秒）譯 人也不會(huì)與那么多人交往。Theserulessaytheymustvaluesomeassetsatthepriceathirdpartywouldpay,notthepricemanagersthemtofetch.(2010英語(yǔ)一text472724秒）譯 管機(jī)構(gòu)愿意出售的價(jià)格來(lái)評(píng)估。TheIASBsaysitdoesnotwanttoactwithoutoverallplanning,butthepressuretofoldwhenitlaterthisyearisstrong.(2010英語(yǔ)一text474315秒）譯 則要面臨的壓力巨大。CharlieMcCreevy,aEuropeancommissioner,warnedtheIASBthatitdid“notliveinapoliticalvacuum”couldyetdevelopdifferentrules.(2010英語(yǔ)一text48041秒）譯文：歐洲官員查理·“政治真空中”，歐洲遲早可以制定出不同的規(guī)則。Anddeadmarketspartlyreflecttheparalysisofbankswhichwillnotsellassetsforfearofbookinglosses,supposedbargains.(2010英語(yǔ)一text481258秒）譯 產(chǎn)，也不愿購(gòu)買(mǎi)那些所謂的廉價(jià)資產(chǎn)。TheFASBandIASBhavebeenexactlythat,cleaninguprulesonstockoptionsandpensions,forspecialinterests.(2010英語(yǔ)一text482505秒）譯 團(tuán)的反對(duì)，整頓股票期權(quán)和養(yǎng)老金的規(guī)定。Thechildwhoisraisedinanenvironmentwheretherearemanystimuliwhichdevelopcapacityforexperiencegreatlyintellectualdevelopment.(84010秒）譯 到極大地提升。Butbrainresearchershavediscoveredthatwhenweconsciouslydevelopnewhabits,wecreateparallelpaths,andevenentirelynewbraincells,thatcanjumpourtrainsofthoughtontonew,innovativetracks.(2009英語(yǔ)一text184726秒）譯 生成全新的腦細(xì)胞，它們能使我們的思維列車跳轉(zhuǎn)到新的、具有創(chuàng)造性的軌道上去。Attheendofadolescence,however,thebrainshutsdownhalfofthatcapacity,preservingonlythosemodesofthoughtthathaveseemedmostvaluableduringthefirstdecadeorsooflife.(2009英語(yǔ)一text14245秒）譯 要的思維方式。Itisawisefatherthatknowshisownchild,buttodayamancanboosthispaternal(fatherly)wisdom—or38秒）譯 確認(rèn)自己是孩子的父親。Morethan60,000peoplehavepurchasedthePTKssincetheyfirstbecameavailablewithoutprescriptionslastyear,accordingtoDougFogg,chiefoperatingofficerofIdentigene,whichmakestheover-the-counterkits.(2009英語(yǔ)一text29819秒）譯 文：Identigene公司生產(chǎn)這種親子鑒定設(shè)備，據(jù)該公司首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官道格·福格所說(shuō)，自從去年不需處方就可購(gòu)買(mǎi)親子鑒定設(shè)備后，購(gòu)買(mǎi)人數(shù)已超過(guò)6萬(wàn)人。Amongthemostpopular:paternityandkinshiptesting,whichadoptedchildrencanusetofindtheirbiologicalrelativesandfamiliescanusetotrackdownkidsputupforadoption.(2009英語(yǔ)一text291946秒）譯 到有血緣關(guān)系的親屬，家庭也可用其追蹤被收養(yǎng)孩子的下落。ThisDNAcanrevealgeneticinformationaboutonlyoneortwoancestors,eventhough,forexample,justthreegenerationsbackpeoplealsohavesixothergreat-grandparentsor,fourgenerationsback,14other(2009英語(yǔ)一text293532秒）614DNA只能揭示一到兩位祖先的基因信息。Criticsalsoarguethatcommercialgenetictestingisonlyasgoodasthereferencecollectionstowhichasampleiscompared.(2009英語(yǔ)一text294519秒）譯文：批評(píng)者還認(rèn)為，商業(yè)性基因檢測(cè)的準(zhǔn)確率取決于與樣本比對(duì)的參照數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。Progressinbothareasisundoubtedlynecessaryforthesocial,politicalandintellectualdevelopmentoftheseandallothersocieties;however,theconventionalviewthateducationshouldbeoneoftheveryhighestprioritiesforpromotingrapideconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesiswrong.(2009英語(yǔ)一text341558秒）是錯(cuò)誤的。Wearefortunatethatitis,becausebuildingneweducationalsystemsthereandputtingenoughpeoplethroughthemtoimproveeconomicperformancewouldrequiretwoorthreegenerations.(2009英語(yǔ)一text310050秒）從而提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益需要兩三代人的努力。YettheresearchrevealedthattheU.S.factoriesofHonda,Nissan,andToyotaachievedabout95percentoftheproductivityoftheirJapanesecounterparts—aresultofthetrainingthatU.S.workersreceivedonthejob.(2009英語(yǔ)一text3101050秒）95%。Morerecently,whileexamininghousingconstruction,theresearchersdiscoveredthatilliterate,non-English-speakingMexicanworkersinHouston,Texas,consistentlymetbest-practicelaborproductivitystandardsdespitethecomplexityofthebuildingindustry’swork.(2009英語(yǔ)一text3 第10講19分42秒）譯 文：最近，研究人員在調(diào)查房屋建筑業(yè)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管建筑行業(yè)工作復(fù)雜，但在得克薩斯州休斯敦市，那些不識(shí)字、不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的墨西哥工人卻始終能達(dá)到勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率的最高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。TotakethisapproachtotheNewEnglandersnormallymeanstostartwiththePuritans’theologicalinnovationsandtheirdistinctiveideasaboutthechurch—importantsubjectsthatwemaynotneglect.(2009英語(yǔ)一text411042秒）譯 文按照這種方法研究新英格蘭人通常意味著要從清教徒的神學(xué)創(chuàng)新和其對(duì)教會(huì)的獨(dú)特理念著手——這些是不容忽視的重要主題。BesidestheninetyorsolearnedministerswhocametoMassachusettschurchesinthedecadeafter1629,therewerepoliticalleaderslikeJohnWinthrop,aneducatedgentleman,lawyer,andofficialoftheCrown(2009英語(yǔ)一text4111739秒）譯文：在162990位知識(shí)淵博的牧師外，還有像約和皇家官員。Whilefewcraftsmenorfarmers,letalonedependentsandservants,leftliterarycompositionstobeitisobviousthattheirviewswerelessfullyintellectualized.(2009英語(yǔ)一text41124分16秒）譯文：盡管偶有工匠或農(nóng)民（更不用提靠他們養(yǎng)活的家人及仆人了）留下可供分析的文學(xué)作品，但是很明顯，他們的觀點(diǎn)沒(méi)有得到充分的知識(shí)化。frustrations,andreligioushope—allcametogetherinadecisivemomentwhenheopenedtheBible,toldhisfatherthatthefirstlinehesawwouldsettlehisfate,andreadthemagicalwords.(2009英語(yǔ)一text4113440秒）力的文字。Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthatsexhormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.(2008英語(yǔ)一text1114603秒）受壓力時(shí)比同等條件下的男性產(chǎn)生更多的引起激素變化的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。Thekindsofinterpersonalviolencethatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,unfortunately,parentsorotherfamilymembers,andtheytendnottobeone-shotdeals.(2008英語(yǔ)一text112019秒）他成員，而且往往也不是一次性的事情。Iwaslivinginsomuchfrustrationthatthatwasmyescape,togotoschool,andgetaheadanddobetter.(2008英語(yǔ)一text1121335秒）譯文：我曾經(jīng)的生活十分不如意，以至于上學(xué)讀書(shū)、取得進(jìn)步和做得更好成了我的出路。TheInternet—andpressurefromfundingagencies,whoarequestioningwhycommercialpublishersaremakingmoneyfromgovernment-fundedresearchbyrestrictingaccesstoit—ismakingaccesstoscientificresultsareality.(2008text2122235秒）研究項(xiàng)目中賺錢(qián)。網(wǎng)絡(luò)的出現(xiàn)和科研贊助機(jī)構(gòu)施加的壓力使人們獲得科研成果成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。Thereport,byJohnHoughtonofVictoriaUniversityinAustraliaandGrahamVickeryoftheOECD,makesheavyreadingforpublisherswhohave,sofar,madehandsomeprofits.(2008英語(yǔ)一text2123335秒）譯文：這篇報(bào)告由澳大利亞維多利亞大學(xué)的約翰·霍頓（JohnHoughton）和經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組·（GrahamVickery）共同撰寫(xiě)，其內(nèi)容使迄今為止榨取了豐厚利潤(rùn)的出版商如芒在背。Thebodiesplayingmajorprofessionalsportshavechangeddramaticallyovertheyears,andmanagershavebeenmorethanwillingtoadjustteamuniformstofitthegrowingnumbersofbigger,longerframes.(2008英語(yǔ)一text3123918秒）譯 的制服尺寸，以適應(yīng)日益增多的更壯更高的身軀。Thoughtypicallyabouttwoinchestallernowthan140yearsago,today’speople—especiallythoseborntofamilieswhohavelivedintheU.S.formanygenerations—apparentlyreachedtheirlimitintheearly1960s.(2008英語(yǔ)一text3124912秒）譯 文：盡管現(xiàn)在的美國(guó)人一般要比140年前高約兩英寸，但是他們——尤其是在美國(guó)生活了幾代的移民家庭的后人——在20世紀(jì)60年代初顯然達(dá)到了身高的極限。Butasdietandhealthimproved,childrenandadolescentshave,onaverage,increasedinheightbyaboutaninchandahalfevery20years,apatternknownastheseculartrendinheight.(2008英語(yǔ)一text313027秒）譯文：但是，隨著飲食和健康水平的改善，兒童和青少年的身高平均每20年增高約1.5英寸，這一模式是眾所周知的身高增長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)期趨勢(shì)。Moreover,eventhoughhumanshavebeenuprightformillionsofyears,ourfeetandbackcontinuetostrugglewithbipedalpostureandcannoteasilywithstandrepeatedstrainimposedbyoversizelimbs.(2008英語(yǔ)一text3131321秒）譯 勢(shì)相抗衡，難以承受過(guò)大的四肢反復(fù)施加的壓力。TheyhavebeenspurredinpartbyDNAevidencemadeavailablein1998,whichalmostcertainlyprovedThomasJeffersonhadfatheredatleastonechildwithhisslaveSallyHemings.(2008英語(yǔ)一text4132643秒）譯 文：1998年獲得的DNA證據(jù)幾乎肯定地證明托馬斯·杰斐遜和他的奴隸莎莉·赫明斯至少生了一個(gè)孩子，這種DNA證據(jù)在某種程度上激起了歷史學(xué)家的興趣。WhileWashingtonandJeffersonprivatelyexpresseddistasteforslavery,theyalsounderstoodthatitwaspartofthepoliticalandeconomicbedrockofthecountrytheyhelpedtocreate.(2008英語(yǔ)一text4133524秒）譯 創(chuàng)建的國(guó)家的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)基石的一部分。Thethree-fifthsformulahandedJeffersonhisnarrowvictoryinthepresidentialelectionof1,800bystatesintheElectoralCollege(2008英語(yǔ)一text4134254秒）譯 大選中險(xiǎn)勝。Washington,whohadbeguntobelievethatallmenwerecreatedequalafterobservingthebraveryoftheblacksoldiersduringtheRevolutionaryWar,overcamethestrongoppositionofhisrelativestogranthisinhiswill.(2008英語(yǔ)一text4135153秒）譯 顧親屬的強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)，在他的遺囑中賦予他的奴隸自由。Ifyouweretoexaminethebirthcertificatesofeverysoccerplayerin2006’sWorldCuptournament,youwouldmostlikelyfindanoteworthyquirk:elitesoccerplayersaremorelikelytohavebeenborninthethaninthelatermonths.(2007英語(yǔ)一text114018秒）譯 文如果您查看2006年世界杯賽每位足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的出生證明極有可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)奇怪的現(xiàn)象：精英足球隊(duì)員更可能出生在前半年而非后半年。Thissuccess,coupledwithlaterresearchshowingthatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,ledEricssontoconcludethattheactofmemorizingismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.(2007英語(yǔ)一text114110秒）譯 出結(jié)論：記憶行為是一種認(rèn)知練習(xí)，而不是直覺(jué)行為。It’snotobvioushowthecapacitytovisualizeobjectsandtofigureoutnumericalpatternssuitsonetoanswerquestionsthathaveeludedsomeofthebestpoetsandphilosophers.(2007英語(yǔ)一text2142813秒）學(xué)家都很難回答的問(wèn)題。SuperhighscoreslikevosSavant’sarenolongerpossible,becausescoringisnowbasedonastatisticalpopulationdistributionamongagepeers,ratherthansimplydividingthementalagebythechronological(2007英語(yǔ)一text2144845秒）譯文：像沃斯分布為基礎(chǔ)，而不是僅僅用智力年齡除以實(shí)際年齡再乘以100計(jì)算得出。Inhisarticle“HowIntelligentIsIntelligenceTesting?”Sternbergnotesthattraditionaltestsbestassessanalyticalandverbalskillsbutfailtomeasurecreativityandpracticalknowledge,componentsalsocriticallifesuccess.(2007英語(yǔ)一text215022秒）鍵因素。ResearchhasfoundthatIQpredictedleadershipskillswhenthetestsweregivenunderlow-stress,conditions,IQwasnegativelycorrelatedwithleadershipthatis,itpredictedtheopposite.(2007英語(yǔ)一text2151220秒）預(yù)測(cè)的結(jié)果與實(shí)際相反。Steelworkers,airlineemployees,andnowthoseintheautoindustryarejoiningmillionsoffamilieswhomustworryaboutinterestrates,stockmarketfluctuation,andtheharshrealitythattheymayoutlivetheirretirementmoney.(2007英語(yǔ)一text3152027秒）譯文：鋼鐵工人、航空公司職員以及汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)工人正在加入不得不擔(dān)心利率和股票市場(chǎng)的波動(dòng)、退休金不夠養(yǎng)老的殘酷現(xiàn)實(shí)的數(shù)百萬(wàn)家庭行列。Formuchofthepastyear,PresidentBushcampaignedtomoveSocialSecuritytoasavings-accountmodel,withretireestradingmuchoralloftheirguaranteedpaymentsforpaymentsdependingoninvestmentreturns.(2007英語(yǔ)一text3152709秒）譯文：過(guò)去大半年以來(lái)，布什總統(tǒng)致力于將社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系轉(zhuǎn)化成儲(chǔ)蓄存款模式，退休人員把大部分或者全部保障報(bào)酬用來(lái)交換投資效益所得的報(bào)酬。healthcareandtheshareofitbornebyfamilieshaverisen—andnewlyfashionablehealth-savingsplansarespreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuchhigherofinvestmentriskforfamilies’futurehealthcare.(2007英語(yǔ)一text3153632秒）譯 文醫(yī)療保健的絕對(duì)成本以及家庭承擔(dān)的份額都上漲了——新近流行的健康儲(chǔ)蓄計(jì)劃正在從立法機(jī)關(guān)向沃爾瑪?shù)膯T工普及，免賠額度更高了，家庭未來(lái)醫(yī)療保健的投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也更高了。Evendemographicsareworkingagainstthemiddleclassfamily,astheoddsofhavingaweakelderlyparent—andalltheattendantneedforphysicalandfinancialassistance—havejumpedeightfoldinjustonegeneration.(2007英語(yǔ)一text3154821秒）譯文：就連人口統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)也對(duì)中產(chǎn)階級(jí)不利，因?yàn)橹挟a(chǎn)階級(jí)家庭中父母一方年老體弱——以及隨之產(chǎn)生的物質(zhì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)援助需要——的可能性，在一代人的時(shí)間里就猛增了八倍。Fromthemiddle-classfamilyperspective,muchofthis,understandably,looksfarlesslikeanopportunitytoexercisemorefinancialresponsibility,andagooddealmorelikeafrighteningaccelerationofthewholesaleshiftoffinancialriskontotheiralreadyoverburdenedshoulders.(2007英語(yǔ)一text316030秒）譯 看起來(lái)遠(yuǎn)不像是承擔(dān)更多財(cái)務(wù)責(zé)，而更像是將金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大規(guī)模轉(zhuǎn)移到他們本已負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重的肩膀上的可怕加速行為。Justasbossesandboardshavefinallysortedouttheirworstaccountingandcompliancetroubles,andimprovedtheirfeeblecorporationgovernance,anewproblemthreatenstoearnthem—especiallyinAmerica—thesortofnastyheadlinesthatinevitablyleadtoheadsrollingintheexecutivesuite:datainsecurity.(2007英語(yǔ)一text4162714秒）譯 董事終于解決了最棘手的財(cái)務(wù)和違規(guī)問(wèn)題，改善公司脆弱的管理機(jī)制后，一的問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)了即信息安全問(wèn)題——尤其在美國(guó)這會(huì)讓他們登上令人不快的頭條新聞，這難免會(huì)使一些企業(yè)高管飯碗不保。Left,untilnow,toodd,low-levelITstafftoputright,andseenasaconcernonlyofdata-richindustriessuchasbanking,telecomsandairtravel,informationprotectionisnowhighontheboss’sagendain英語(yǔ)一text4164525秒）譯 電信、航空這類擁有大量數(shù)據(jù)的行業(yè)受到關(guān)注，而現(xiàn)在卻是各行各業(yè)老板重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。andemployeedatathisyear—fromorganizationsasdiverseasTimeWarner,theAmericandefensecontractorScienceApplicationsInternationalCorpandeventheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley—haveleftmanagershurriedlypeeringintotheirintricateITsystemsandofpotentialvulnerabilities.(2007英語(yǔ)一text4171227秒）際科學(xué)應(yīng)用集團(tuán)（美國(guó)國(guó)防工程承包人），甚至還涉及加州大學(xué)伯克利分校。這使管理者不IT系統(tǒng)和商業(yè)程序，以便找出潛在的缺陷。Surelyitshouldbeobvioustothedimmestexecutivethattrust,thatmostvaluableofeconomicassets,iseasilydestroyedandhugelyexpensivetorestore—andthatfewthingsaremorelikelytodestroytrustthanapersonaldatagetintothewronghands.(2007英語(yǔ)一text4172352秒）有用心的人手中。Meanwhile,thetheftofinformationaboutsome40millioncredit-cardaccountsinAmerica,disclosedonJune17th,overshadowedahugelyimportantdecisionadayearlierbyAmerica’sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)thatputscorpo