大學(xué)英語IV 第3單元 作業(yè)題

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題(只有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)正確，共40道小題)

1.—Howlongwillittaketogetwell?

［本題2分］

(A)Itstarted3daysago.

(B)Ihavewaitedforalmost30minutes.

(C)Ifyoustopsmoking,youllrecoversoon.

(D)It'snothingbuttheflu.

的選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

解答參考：［第三單元］C當(dāng)病人問醫(yī)生“病多久才會(huì)好”時(shí)，醫(yī)生一般會(huì)直接告訴你答案。只有C"如果你停止吸煙，很快

就會(huì)康復(fù)的”才符合。A"病是三天前開始的”；B“我已經(jīng)等了約30分鐘了”；D“沒什么就是感冒了"；都是答非所問。

2.—I'dliketomakeanappointmentwithDr.Brooks.

［本題2分］

(A)Youmaycome10o'clockThursdaymorningifyoulike.

(B)DrBrookscanseeyouinabout15minutes.

(C)Thankyouverymuchforcallingandmakinganappointment.

(D)Is10o'clockThursdaymorningfinewithyou?

你選擇的答案：D［正確］

正確答案：D

解答參考：［第三單元］D此對話可能是病人打電話預(yù)約看病時(shí)間，接電話的一般是護(hù)士。應(yīng)注意對話雙方的身份。對于

病人的提問，最佳答案D提出一個(gè)時(shí)間與對方商榷，最禮貌、最得體。A缺乏這種商量的語氣，B沒有給病人選擇甚至

準(zhǔn)備的機(jī)會(huì),C只在掛電話之前使用，且過于冗長。

3.—HowoftenshouldItakethemedicine?

［本題2分］

(A)Youshoulddrinkmorewater.

(B)You'dbetterlieinbed.

(C)Threetimesadayaftermeals.

(D)Youshouldkeepwarm.

你選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

解答參考：［第三單元］C病人問醫(yī)生“我多久吃一次藥？”，所以應(yīng)選C“一日三次，飯后服用”。而A“你應(yīng)多喝點(diǎn)水”；B“你

最好臥床休息”；D“你應(yīng)保持身體暖和”都不是答案。

4.-Whendidyoursymptomsbegin?

［本題2分］

(A)Ididn'tsleep.

(B)Ihaveanupsetstomach.

(C)Idon'tfeelwell.

(D)Theybeganlastnight.

作選擇的答案：D［正砌

正確答案：D

解答參考：［第三單元］D當(dāng)醫(yī)生問病人“你的癥狀什么時(shí)候開始的？”，應(yīng)選D“昨天晚上開始的工而A“我睡不著覺”；B“我

胃不舒服”：C“我不舒服”都是些癥狀，故不能選。

5.—.CanIhelpyou?

—Hello.MywifeisDrTurner'spatient,andsheisnotfeelingwellthismorning.

［本題2分］

(A)DrTurner'soffice

(B)ThisisMary

(C)WelcometoDrTurnersoffice

(D)Thankyouforcalling

|你選擇的答案：A［正確］

正確答案：A

解答參考：［第三單元］A這種對話很可能是電話對話，發(fā)生在病人家屬和護(hù)士之間。接工作電話時(shí)，首先要說明自己所

在部門，而不是自己的姓名。C在正式場合迎接客人時(shí)使用；D在電話結(jié)束前使用。

6.—Doctor,willthismedicinehaveanysideeffects?

［本題2分］

(A)Thismedicineisverygood.

(B)Thismedicineissoexpensive.

(C)Thismedicineisuseful.

(D)Itw川probablymakeyousleepy

你選擇的答案：D［正確］

正確答案：D

解答參考：［第三單元］D當(dāng)病人問醫(yī)生“這藥有什么副作用”，D“它可能會(huì)讓你犯困”應(yīng)該是正確答案。而A、B、C都不是

針對副作用而做出的回答。

7.一Whereisthedoctor'soffice?

［本題2分］

(A)Youarethe14thpatienttoday.

(B)He'llseeyouinRoom3.

(C)Youcan'tmissit.

(D)Youwillprobablywaitforawhile.

你選擇的答案：B［正確］

正確答案：B

解答參考：［第三單元］B此對話可能發(fā)生在病人和護(hù)士之間，病人問“醫(yī)生的辦公室在哪里”時(shí)，最好的答案就是B“他在

三號診室”。而A“你是今天第14個(gè)病人”；C“你不能錯(cuò)過了"：D“你可.能要等一會(huì)兒”都不是適合題意的答案。

8.—Howlonghaveyoubeenfeelinguncomfortable?

［本題2分］

(A)Ifeeldizzy.

(B)Ihaveapoorappetite.

(C)Foralmost3days.

(D)Ifeelbettertoday.

版選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

解答參考：［第三單元］C當(dāng)醫(yī)生問“你病了多久了”時(shí)，病人應(yīng)該告訴醫(yī)生生病的時(shí)間，所以C合題意。而我頭暈”；B

“我胃口不好”；D“我今天好點(diǎn)了”都是答非所問。

9.-Doctor,Istrainedmybacktheotherdayworkinginthegarden.

［本題2分］

(A)Whysocareless?

(B)Well.YouneedanX-ray.

(C)Whendiditstart?

(D)Well,goandstayinbed.

你選擇的答案：B［正確］

正確答案：B

解答參考：［第三單元舊當(dāng)病人對醫(yī)生說“我前幾天在花園干活時(shí)拉傷了背?！睉?yīng)對病人病情的陳述，最適當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢甘荁,

表示需要進(jìn)一步查看病情。A、D不符合語境；C與上文語義重復(fù)。

10.一I'mDoctorHouse.Whatseemstobetheproblem?

［本題2分］

(A)Ican*tbearthestrainatwork.

(B)Istrainedmybackatwork.

(C)Theworkboresme.

(D)It'skillingme.

|你選擇的答案：B［正確］

正確答案：B

解答參考：［第三單元］B當(dāng)醫(yī)生問“我有什么可.以幫助你”時(shí)，他希望你回答哪里感到不適，所以此題應(yīng)選B“我頭暈，還

咳得厲害”。A、C的語義與上下文不相關(guān)；D語義不清楚。

11.AdamisamanforIhavethegreatestrespect.［本題1分］

(A)that

(B)who

(C)whom

(D)which

你選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

解答參考：［第三單元］C當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，?般規(guī)則是用who/that指人，用which/that指物。當(dāng)關(guān)系

代詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)，一般可以用whom/who/that指人，用which/that指物；但在正式語體中當(dāng)介詞前置時(shí)，

只能用whom指人，which指物?！咀g文】亞當(dāng)是我最尊敬的一個(gè)人。

12.Hetriedtostandonhishandsforfiveminutes,isratheradifficultthingtodo.［本題1

(A)that

(B)which

(C)whose

(D)/

際選擇的答案：B［正確］

正確答案：B

解答參考：［第三單元］B在非限制性的定語從句中，通常用who(m)指人，用which指物。在某些情況下，which的先行

詞可以指上文的整個(gè)句子，所以B是正確的。A.that一般不可以用于非限制性定語從句；C、whose在這里不符合句

意；這里的which也不能省略，所以D也不能選?！咀g文】他嘗試倒立5分鐘，這是一件相當(dāng)有難度的事情。

13.hisisthebestinstrumentwehaveinourlaboratory.［本題1分］

(A)which

(B)what

(C)that

(D)where

你選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案:C

解答參考：［第三單元］C當(dāng)定語從句所修飾的名詞前有形容詞的最高級時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能是that.【譯文】這是我們實(shí)驗(yàn)

室里最好的儀器。

14.ThisistheonlyEnglish-ChinesedictionaryIhave.［本題1分］

(A)what

(B)that

(C)whom

(D)which

你選擇的答案：A［錯(cuò)誤］

正確答案：B

解答參考：［第三單元］B當(dāng)定語從句所修飾的名詞前有序數(shù)詞first,second…或only,last等詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。

【譯文】這是我唯一的一本英漢字典。

15.Wehaveboughtsomenewmachines,workverywell.［本題1分］

(A)what

(B)that

(C)who

(D)which

作選擇的答案：D［正砌

正確答案:D

解答參考：［第三單元］D限制性定語從句既可以用which也可以用that引出，而非限制性定語從句中指事物的關(guān)系詞

只能用which,,【譯文】我們買了一些新機(jī)器，它們的工作性能很好。

16.Shehaseverythingagoodwifeshouldhave.［本題1分］

(A)that

(B)which

(C)whom

(D)what

你選擇的答案：D［錯(cuò)誤］

正確答案：A

解答參考：［第三單元］A當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞all.anything,everything,nothing,something,little,none,few,much

等時(shí)，只能用that來引導(dǎo)后面的從句，并且that可以省略?！咀g文】她具有一個(gè)好妻子應(yīng)有的所有美德。

17.ThefourtravelersIsharedtheroomwerekindpeople.［本題1分］

(A)who

(B)whom

(C)fromwhich

(D)withwhom

你選擇的答案：D［正確］

正確答案：D

解答參考：［第三單元］D此題考察sharesth.withsb,此句中，關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)，一般可以用whom/

who/that指人，with前置，后面只能跟whom,所以選withwhom.?！咀g文】這四個(gè)和我同住一間屋的旅客都是隨和

的人。

18.thenumbersinemployment,thehotelindustrywasthesecondlargestindustryinthiscountryI

astyear.［本題1分］

(A)inlinewith

(B)intermsof

(C)inaccordancewith

(D)inproportionto

你選擇的答案：B［正確］

正確答案：B

解答參考：［第三單元］BIntermsof依據(jù)，根據(jù)，在...方面；Inlinewith跟....一致；Inaccordancewith按照,

依照，與……一?致；Inproportionto按著……比例，與……成正比?！咀g文】從就業(yè)人員的數(shù)字來說，這個(gè)國家去年

的第二大工業(yè)是飯店業(yè)。

19.Lastyear,Maryhersecondchild.［本題1分］

(A)produced

(B)born

(C)gavebirthto

(D)created

你選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

解答參考：［第三單元］Cgivebirthto生育，產(chǎn)生：produce生產(chǎn)(產(chǎn)品)；bom是bear的過去分詞，一般用bebor

n,意思是“出生"；create創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作?！咀g文】去年夏天，瑪麗生了第二個(gè)小孩。

20.Hetoclimbthesteepcliffbutafteronlyafewminutesfounditwouldbetoodangerous.［本題1

分］

(A)risked

(B)dared

(C)attempted

(D)practiced

你選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

解答參考：［第三單元］Cattempttodo嘗試、努力做；riskdoingsth.冒險(xiǎn)做某事；daretodo敢做：practice實(shí)

踐?！咀g文】他試圖攀登這陡峭的懸崖，但幾分鐘后他就發(fā)現(xiàn)這太危險(xiǎn)了。

21.Thearticlehasproved.［本題1分］

(A)useful

(B)isuseful

(C)beenuseful

(D)use

你選擇的答案：A［正確］

正確答案：A

解答參考：［第三單元］A此題考察prove+adj.所以，只能選useful?！咀g文】這篇文章證明非常有用。

22.Happinessdoesn'talwaysmoney.［本題1分］

(A)gofor

(B)gothrough

(C)goback

(D)gowith

你選擇的答案：D［正確］

正確答案：D

解答參考：［第三單元］Dgowith伴隨；gofor努力獲取，主張；gothrough經(jīng)歷；goback回去。【譯文】幸福并

不總是與金錢聯(lián)系在一起。

23.Whilenuclearweaponshavedangers,somecountriesarestilltryingtheirbesttodevelopthemt

oday.［本題1分］

(A)unseen

(B)constant

(C)obvious

(D)potential

你選擇的答案：D［正確］

正確答案：D

解答參考：［第三單元］Dpotential潛在的，可能的；unseen看不見的，未見過的；constant不變的；obvious明顯的。

【譯文】雖然核武器有潛在的危險(xiǎn)，但如今仍有一些國家在努力發(fā)展它。

24.Youmustgivethismatter.［本題1分］

(A)priority

(B)advantage

(C)right

(D)quality

你選擇的答案：A［正確］

正確答案：A

解答參考：［第三單元］Agiveprioritytosb./givesb.Priority給某人優(yōu)先權(quán)【譯文】你必須優(yōu)先處理此事。

25.Successinschoolmuchhardwork.［本題1分］

(A)callsfor

(B)callsoff

(C)callsup

(D)callsback

你選擇的答案：A［正確J

正確答案：A

解答參考：［第三單元］Acallfor要求，需要；calloff放棄，取消；callup征召，喚起；callback召回。【譯文】

要在學(xué)校取得成功是需要許多艱苦努力的。

26.Anassemblylinemakesitimpossibleforaworkertodoanythingwork,［本題1分］

(A)otherthan

(B)ratherthan

(C)morethan

(D)betterthan

|你選擇的答案：A［正確］

正確答案：A

解答參考：［第三單元］Aotherthan除了；ratherthan而不是；morethan比...多：betterthan比....好?！咀g文】

生產(chǎn)線使一個(gè)工人不可能做工作之外的任何事情。

27.yourselftothejobinhand,andyou'llsoonfinishit.［本題1分］

(A)reply

(B)imply

(C)apply

(D)supply

懈選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

解答參考：［第三單元］Capply適用，應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用；reply回答，答復(fù)；imply暗示，含有……的意思；supply供給，

供應(yīng)?！咀g文】你專心于手頭的工作，很快就會(huì)完成的。

28.Almosteverythingamanagerdoesdecisions;indeed,somesuggestthatthemanagementproces

sisdecisionmaking.［本題1分］

(A)imposes

(B)improvises

(C)involves

(D)indicates

I你選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

解答參考：［第三單元］Cinvolve牽涉；impose強(qiáng)加(負(fù)擔(dān)，任務(wù)等)，征稅；improve改進(jìn)，改善；indicate指出,

表明?！咀g文】一個(gè)管理者做的幾乎所有的事情都離不開決策。確實(shí)，有人提出管理的過程就是做決定的過程。

29.Manypeoplelikewhitecolorasitisaofpurity.［本題1分］

(A)symbol

(B)sign

(C)signal

(D)symptom

你選擇的答案：A［正確］

正確答案：A

解答參考：［第三單元］Asymbol象征；sign征兆，記號；signal信號；symptom癥狀?！咀g文】許多人喜歡白色因

為它象征著純潔。

30.ThedoctortoldPennythattoomuchtothesunisbadfortheskin.［本題1分］

(A)expansion

(B)extension

(C)exhibition

(D)exposure

|你選擇的答案：D［正確］

正確答案：D

解答參考：［第三單元］D此題考察exposureto+n.暴露在...下，expansion擴(kuò)充，膨脹；extension延長；exhibi

tion展覽。【譯文】醫(yī)生告訴彭妮過度暴曬對皮膚不好。

31.Dogsareoftenregardedthefriendsofhumanbeings.［木題1分］

(A)being

(B)be

(C)as

(D)of

作選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

解答參考：［第三單元］C此題考察as的用法。regard...as..."把……看作是……”【譯文】狗通常被看作是人類的朋

友。

32.Airwhenheated.［本題1分］

(A)extends

(B)expands

(C)enlarges

(D)increases

你選擇的答案：B［正確］

正確答案：B

解答參考：［第三單元］Bexpand膨脹，擴(kuò)充；extend延長；enlarge擴(kuò)大，放大；increase增加，增大?！咀g文】空

氣遇熱膨脹。

33.Thecarwentandcrashed.［本題1分］

(A)incontrol

(B)outofcontrol

(C)undercontrol

(D)offcontrol

你選擇的答案：B［正確］

正確答案：B

解答參考：［第三單元］Boutofcontrol失去控制；incontrol在控制之下;undercontrol在控制中；offcontrol沒有

這種用法。【譯文】汽車失去控制，撞壞了。

34.Whathedidwillputhimrisk.［本題1分］

(A)at

(B)in

(C)to

(D)for

|你選擇的答案：A［正確］

正確答案：A

解答參考：［第三單元］Aatrisk處于危險(xiǎn)【譯文】他的所作所為會(huì)將自己置丁?危險(xiǎn)之中。

35.Asalittleboy,hehastoomuchresponsibility.［本題1分］

(A)takenin

(B)takenon

(C)takenout

(D)takenoff

你選擇的答案：B［正確］

正確答案：B

解答參考：［第三單元］Btakeon承擔(dān)；takein吸收，理解；takeout拿走；takeoff起飛，脫掉?！咀g文】作為一

個(gè)小孩，他承擔(dān)了太多的責(zé)任。

36.Supposethepeopleoftheearthareusingtheoilresourcessoon.Whatwillhappentoourlife?

［本題1分］

(A)off

(B)of

(C)up

(D)at

你選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案:C

解答參考：［第三單元］Cuseup用完，耗盡【譯文】假如人們將耗盡地球上石油資源，那生活會(huì)怎樣？

37.WeChinatheGreatWall.［本題1分］

(A)associate...with

(B)connect...in

(C)combine...with

(D)relate...with

你選擇的答案：A［正確］

正確答案：A

解答參考：［第三單元］Aassociate...with把...聯(lián)系起來;connect...to/with和....有聯(lián)系；combine...with把

結(jié)合起來；relate…t。把……聯(lián)系起來?！咀g文】我們想起中國，就聯(lián)想到長城。

38.Theseproductshavebeencreatedtotherequirementsofthemarket.［木題1分］

(A)reach

(B)answer

(C)meet

(D)suit

作選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

解答參考：［第三單元］Cmeettherequirements符合、滿足要求【譯文】這些產(chǎn)品被制造出來以滿足市場的要求。

39.It'sthatthiscityhasapopulationofmorethan1,000,000.［本題1分］

(A)estimated

(B)judged

(C)appreciated

(D)evaluate

你選擇的答案：D［正確］

正確答案：D

解答參考：［第三單元］DIt'sestimatedthat...據(jù)估計(jì)...；judge判斷；appreciate鑒賞;evaluate估價(jià)，定值。

【譯文】據(jù)估計(jì)，這個(gè)城市人口超過一百萬。

40.It'sverydifficulttothemeaningofawordwithoutacontext.［本題1分］

(A)describe

(B)define

(C)determine

(D)decide

你選擇的答案：B［正確］

正確答案：B

解答參考：［第三單元］Bdefine下定義；describe描繪，描寫；determine確定；decide決定?！咀g文】脫離上下文,

很難給一個(gè)詞的意思下定義.

二、閱讀理解、完形填空題(共5道小題)

41.

Marsistheobviousfirstchoicefortraveltootherplanets.OfalltheotherplanetsintheSolarSystem,

Marsevenwithitspresentcold,hostileenvironmentisthemostlikeEarth.AbouthalfEarth'sdiameterwith

one-thirdthegravityandonly1percentoftheatmosphere,spacecraftshavefoundthatMarsnonethelessha

rborstheimportantassetofwaterbeneathitssurfaceandinitsfrozenpoles.

EverytwoyearsitsorbitdrawsitclosertoEarth,anditspresenceinthenightskyisaconstantreminde

rofwhatmightbe.Lastsummer,itcamewithin34.6millionmilesofEarth,itsnearestapproachinalmost6

0,000years.

OnlyVenusiscloser,andwithanaveragetemperatureofabout850degrees,itisnotwelcoming.Incon

trast,Marsispleasantlycool,fromabout200degreesbelowzerorightuptofreezing.

Fromthepresenceofwaterandrelativelytemperateclimatecomesanotherpowerfulattraction."Thefasci

nationwithMarscentersaroundtheissueoflife/'Dr.Zubrinsaid."Marsiskeytoansweringthatcriticalque

stion,istherelifesomewhereotherthanEarth?^^

Dr.LouisD.Friedman,executivedirectorofthePlanetarySociety,said,uThefundamentalquestionpeopl

ewantansweredis'WhereamIfromandwhereamIgoing?'"Headded,"Marscantellusabouttheorigin

oflifeandthedestinyoflife.Findingevidenceofpastorpresentlife,evenifonlyprimitivemicrobes,would

meanthatlifedidnotoccuronlyonEarthhesaid."And"，hesaid,“Marsistheonlyplanetweknowofth

athumanshaveachanceofcolonizingtoprovetheywillnotbeforeverEarth-bound.*'

“Marsbecomestheexperiment,"Dr.Friedmansaid."Ifwecan'tmakeitonMars,thenEarthisourlimit

andwearegoingtohavetore-examineourrelationshiptoourhomeplanet?

［共5題］

(1)Marsistheobviousfirstchoicefortraveltootherplanets,because.［本題2分］

(A)Marsiscoldandhostile

(B)TheenvironmentofMarsismostsimilartothatofEarth.

(C)MarshasabouthalfEarth'sdiameter,one-thirdthegravityand1percentoftheatmosphere

(D)SpacecraftshavefoundwateronMars.

你選擇的答案：C［錯(cuò)誤］

正確答案：B

(2)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?［本題2分］

(A)Earthiscoldandhostile,justlikeMars.

(B)MarsismuchbiggerthanEarth.

(C)MarsisclosesttoEarthofalltheotherplanetsinthesolarsystem.

(D)Venusisn'tanidealchoiceformantotravelbecauseofitshightemperature.

你選擇的答案：D（正確］

正確答案：D

(3)AccordingtoDr.Zubrin,peoplearefascinatedwithMarsbecause,［本題2分］

(A)Marshaswaterbeneathitssurfaceandinitsfrozenpoles.

(B)Marshasarelativelytemperateclimate.

(C)Marsiskeytoanswering“IstherelifesomewherebesidesEarth?"

(D)Marsisverybeautiful.

|你選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

(4)WhichisNOTmentionedbyDr.LouisD.Friedman?［本題2分］

(A)FindingevidenceofpastorpresentlifeonMarswouldmeanthatlifedidnotoccuronlyonEarth.

(B)Marscantellusabouttheoriginoflifeandthedestinyoflife.

(C)Marsistheonlystarthathumanshaveachanceofreaching.

(D)Ifwecan'tmakeitonMars,Earthhastobeourlimit.

你選擇的答案：A［錯(cuò)誤］

正確答案：C

(5)Wemaydescribethispassageas.［本題2分］

(A)entertaining

(B)imaginative

(C)scientific

(D)humorous

你選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

參考答案：

［第三單元］;第5小題：C推斷題。該篇文章談?wù)摰氖腔鹦?，并且給出了詳細(xì)的數(shù)據(jù)和科學(xué)家們的論據(jù)，因此我們可

以推斷出這是一篇科普文章，所以整篇文章的特征應(yīng)該是“科學(xué)的”。

42.

Foroveradecade,thetechniqueofdistractionhasbeenresearchedandsuccessfullyappliedinclinicalp

racticeinordertoreducepainassociatedwithcertainmedicalprocedures.Distractiontechniquesarebased

onthepatient'slimitedcapacityforattention,resultinginareductioninthepatient'sattentiontothestimulus

andthereforeareductioninthestimulusitself.Itwasassumedthattheidealdistracterwouldrequireanop

timumamountofattentioninvolvingvarioussenses(visual,auditoryandkinesthetic),anactiveemotionalinvol

vement,andparticipationfromthepatienttocompetewiththesignalsoftheharmfulstimuli.

Theadvanceddistractiontechniques(ADTs)recentlydevelopeduse3Dimagescombinedwithdynamica

udiostimuli,makingthetechniquesmorelikelytomeettherequirementsofanidealdistracterthanthetraditi

onaldistractionmethodssuchaswatchingafilmorplayingasimplecomputergame.

TheADTssimulatereal-lifesituations,andthepossibilitiesareinfinite.Forexample,untilnowuserscould

choosebetweentakingaflight,driving,downhillskiing,exploringbuildingsandmanymoreactivities.

Inthisstudy,peer-reviewedpublicationsonADTsandpainhavebeenreviewedtodeterminetheclinical

effectivenessandimportanceofusingthesetechniquesasananalgesic.TheresultssuggestthattheADTsc

ansignificantlyreducethepainassociatedwithmedicaltreatment.Theuseofsuchanalgesiawasclinicallyr

evealedinmostcases,especiallyinpatientswithveryhighorunbearablelevelsofpain.ItwasfoundthatIe

velsofanxietywerereducedduringtheexposure,andthesideeffects,suchas'simulatorsickness*,wereha

rdlyobservedatall.

WecanconcludethatADTsareveryusefulasanalgesia,andcanreducetheamountofanalgesicadmi

nistered.Thisnewfieldofstudycanbegintomoveforwardbeyonditscurrentinitialphasebyplacingmore

emphasisonmethodologyandpsychologicalaspects.

供5題］

(1)WhichisNOTthereasonwhydistractiontechniquescanreducethepatient'spain?［本題2分］

(A)Becausedistractiontechniquescanremovethepainoutofthepatient'sbody.

(B)Becausedistractiontechniquesarebasedonthepatient'slimitedcapacityforattention.

(C)Becausedistractiontechniquescancauseareductioninthepatient'sattentiontothestimulusandtheref

oreareductioninthestimulusitself.

(D)Becausedistractiontechniqueswouldrequirevarioussenses,anactiveemotionalinvolvement,andpartic

ipationfromthepatienttocompetewiththesignalsoftheharmfulstimuli.

你選擇的答案：D［錯(cuò)誤］

正確答案：A

(2)ThatADTsisbetterthanthetraditionaldistractionmethodsbecause.［本題2分］

(A)ADTsincludewatchingafilmorplayingasimplecomputergame.

(B)ADTsrequirepeopletotakeaflight,driving,downhillskiing,exploringbuildings,etc.

(C)ADTsuse3Dimagescombinedwithdynamicaudiostimuli.

(D)ADTsareusedinreal-lifesituations.

你選擇的答案：B［錯(cuò)誤］

正確答案:C

(3)AccordingtoPara.4,whenADTsareused,whichofthefollowingwillNOThappen?［本題2分］

(A)Thepainassociatedwithmedicaltreatmenthascompletelygone.

(B)Levelsofanxietywerereducedduringtheexposure.

(C)Thesideeffects,suchas'simulatorsickness\werehardlyobservedatall.

(D)ADTscansignificantlyreducethepainrelevanttomedicaltreatment.

作選擇的答案：C［錯(cuò)誤］

正確答案：A

(4)Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat.［本題2分］

(A)TheeffectofADTsarethesameasthatofanalgesia.

(B)WecanreducetheamountofanalgesiawiththehelpofADTs.

(C)WecanreplaceanalgesiawithADTs.

(D)Wehavealreadyachievedsuccessinthestudyofdistractiontechniques.

你選擇的答案：D［錯(cuò)誤］

正確答案：B

(5)Thispassagemainlytalksabout［本題2分］

(A)distractiontechniquesthathelpeasepainduringmedicaltreatment.

(B)therelationbetweenADTsandtraditionaldistractionmethods.

(C)theadvantagesofusingADTsoveranalgesic.

(D)thedifferencebetweenADTsandtraditionaldistractionmethods.

你選擇的答案：A［正確］

正確答案：A

參考答案：

［第三單元］;第5小題：A主旨題。通讀全文，我們得知文章主要講的是分心術(shù)有助于減輕醫(yī)療痛苦。

43.

Howcanwegetridofgarbage(垃圾)？Dowehaveenoughenergysourcestomeetoutfutureenergyn

eeds?Thesearetwoimportantquestionsthatmanypeopleareaskingtoday.Somepeoplethinkthatwemi

ghtbeabletosolvebothproblemsatthesametime.Theysuggestusinggarbageasanenergysource.

Foralongtimepeoplehaveburiedgarbage,ordumped(MH到)itonemptyland.Nowwhileemptyla

ndisgettingscarce,moreandmoregarbageisbeingproducedeachyear.Fortunately,garbagecanbeag

oodfuel(燃料)touse.Thethingsingarbagedonotlooklikecoal,petroleum(石油)，ornaturalgas;butthe

yarechemicallysimilartothesefossilfuels.Asweuseupourfossil-fuelsupplies,wemightbeabletouse

garbageasanenergysource.

Burninggarbageisnotanewidea.SomecitiesinEuropeandAmericahavebeenburninggarbagei

susedtoboilwater.Thesteamthatisproducedisusedtomakeelectricityortoheatnearbybuildings.In

Paris,France,somepowerplantsburnalmost2milliontonsofthecity'sgarbageeachyear.Theamountof

energyproducedisthesameaswouldbeproducedbyburningalmostahalfmillionbarrelsofoil!

Butthereareproblemsinusinggarbageasafuel.Somegarbagethatburnseasily,likefoodscraps

(殘?jiān)?，碎?andpaper,mustbeseparatedfrommetals,glass,andothermaterialsthatdonotburneasily.T

hisseparationprocessisnormallycostly.Anotherproblemisthatburninggarbagecanpollutetheair.

Ourfossilfuelsuppliesarelimited.Burninggarbagemightbeonekindofenergysourcethatwecan

usetohelpmeetourenergyneeds.Thismethodcouldalsoreducetheamountofgarbagepilinguponthe

earth.

［共5題］

(1)Burninggarbagecansolvetwoproblems—.［本題2分］

(A)Theshortageofenergyandtoomuchgarbageontheearth.

(B)Theshortageofenergyandtheshortageofemptylandforholdinggarbage.

(C)Airpollutionandtheshortageoffossilfuel.

(D)Airpollutionandtheshortageofenergy.

你選擇的答案：B［錯(cuò)誤］

正確答案：A

(2)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?［本題2分］

(A)Thesteamproducedisusedtomakeelectricity.

(B)Theheatproducedisusedtoboilwater.

(C)Thesteamproducedisusedtoheatbuildings.

(D)Thegarbageburnedisturnedintofossilfuels.

你選擇的答案：C［錯(cuò)誤］

正確答案：D

(3)Accordingtothepassage,whichkindofgarbagecanbeburntdirectly?［本題2分］

(A)Metalsandpaper.

(B)Foodscrapsandpaper

(C)Glassandfoodscraps.

(D)Metalsandglass.

你選擇的答案：B［正確］

正確答案：B

(4)Garbageissimilartochemically.［本題2分］

(A)naturalgas

(B)fossilfuels

(C)metals

(D)glass

|你選擇的答案：B［正確］

正確答案：B

(5)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?［本題2分］

(A)EnvironmentalProtection

(B)UseofGarbage

(C)Garbage-AnEnergySource

(D)GarbageDisposal

你選擇的答案：C［正確］

正確答案：C

參考答案：

［第三單元］;第5小題：C主旨題。縱觀全文，文章主要講的是垃圾與能源的關(guān)系。

44.

Doyouforgettoturnoffthelightsandheaterswhenyougooutofaroom?In2040itwillnotmatter.T

heywillturnthemselvesoff—andonagainwhenyoureturn.Youwillchoosethetemperatureforeachroom,

thelightingandthehumidity.Asensorwilldetectthepresenceofahuman(and,withluck,ignorethedo

g!)andturnthesystemson,andwhenthehumansleaveitw川turnthemoffagain.

Thesensorswillworkthroughthecentralhomecomputer,andtheywilldomuchmorethanjustturnthe

firesandlightsonandoffforyou.Theywilldetectfaultyelectricalappliances,plugsorswitches,isolatethe

msothattheycannotharmanyone,andthenwarnyouthattheyneedrepair.Theywilldetectfireandifyo

uareoutofthehouse,thecomputerwillcallthefirebrigade.Itwillalsocallthepoliceifthesensorsdetect

anintruder.Thiswillnotbetoodifficultbecausethelocksontheoutsidedoorswillbeelectronic.Youwill

openthemusingyourpersonalcard-theoneyouuseforshopping—maybeusinganumberknownonlyto

you.

Itwillbeimpossibletolosethekey,andahousebreakerwillhavetotamper(撥弄)withthelockorwith

awindow.Itisnotverydifficulttomakesuchtamperingsendasignaltothecomputer.

Thecomputerwillbemorethanafireman,policeman,orservant.Itwillbeanentertainer,andmostofy

ourentertainmentwillcomerightintoyourhome.Itdoesnow,ofcourse,butby2040"entertainment"willm

eanmuchmore.Foronething,youwillbeabletotakepartactively,ratherthanjustwatching.

［共5