新九年級英語暑假講義(人教版)第14講Iusedtobeafraidofthedark-(學(xué)生版+解析)

第14講Iusedtobeafraidofthedark【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】詞匯SectionA：單詞：humorous,silent,helpful,score,background,interview,Asian,dare,private,guard,require,European,African,British,speech,public短語：usedto過去經(jīng)常；fromtimetotime時(shí)常；有時(shí)；talkto和……談話；turnred變紅；takeup開始從事；dealwith對付；應(yīng)付；not…anymore不再；tonsof許多；大量；becarefulwith注意；照顧；hangout閑逛；fighton繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗；makeittothetop達(dá)到頂峰；beafraidof害怕；giveaspeech發(fā)表演講；inpublic公開地；SectionB：單詞：ant,insect,influence,seldom,proud,absent,fail,examination,exactly,pride,grandson,general,introduction短語：paintpicture畫畫；onthesoccerteam在足球隊(duì)；beproudof為……感到驕傲；nolonger不再；beabsentfrom不在……(地方)；makeadecision做決定；boardingschool寄宿學(xué)校；advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事；inperson親自；gobackto回到；toone’ssurprise使某人驚奇的是；takepridein以……自豪；payattentionto注意；moveaway搬走；離開；feelgoodaboutoneself

自我感覺良好；generalintroduction總體介紹；SelfCheck：telljokes講笑話語法Usedto結(jié)構(gòu)Youusedtobeshort,didn’tyou?Heusedtobereallyshort.DidMariousetobeshort?Ididn’tusetobepopularinschool.功能用語和話題功能用語：“談?wù)撃氵^去是什么樣”（talkaboutwhatyouusedtobelike）話題：“我們怎樣改變(howwehavechanged)”Iusedtobeshort.Ididn’tusetobepopularinschool.Youusedtobeshort,didn’tyou?Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.Didheusetowearglasses?Yes,hedid./No,hedidn’t.【基礎(chǔ)知識】1、Mario,youusedtobeshort,didn’tyou?馬里奧，你過去很矮，不是嗎？(P25)usedtodosth意為“過去經(jīng)常做某事”，表示過去經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣，含有現(xiàn)在不再如此之意。usedtodo否定結(jié)構(gòu)為“didn’tusetodo”；也可用“usednottodo”；其疑問句常借用助動(dòng)詞did提問，即“Did…usetodo…?”，也可用“Used…todo…?”?！鬝heusedtogotoworkbybike.她過去經(jīng)常騎自行車去上班?！鬑edidn’tusetoeatvegetables.他過去不經(jīng)常吃蔬菜?！鬌idyouusetoworkintothenight?你以前經(jīng)常工作到深夜嗎？拓展①、beusedtodosth.意為“被用來做某事”，屬于被動(dòng)語態(tài)?！鬢oodisusedtomakepaper.木材被用來造紙。②、be/getusedtodoingsth.意為“習(xí)慣于做某事”，to是介詞。◆I’musedtogettingupearly.我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于早起。③、beusedfordoingsth.意為“被用于做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)用途?！鬞heknivesareusedforcuttingthings.小刀被用于切東西。2.、Shewasalwayssilentinclass.她在課堂上總是不說話。(P26)silent是形容詞，指人時(shí)，意為“不說話的；沉默的”；指事物時(shí)，意為“寂靜的；無聲的”。◆Hecouldn’tspeakEnglishandwascompletely

silent

duringthevisit.他不會(huì)說英語，參觀過程中一言未發(fā)?！鬞heoldhousewasquite

silent.這所舊房子非常寂靜。常用短語：besilentabout/on意為“對……保持沉默；對……未提到”；keepsilent保持沉默。拓展silent、calm和quiet辨析這幾個(gè)形容詞都有“安靜；平靜；寂靜”的意思。在修飾環(huán)境時(shí)，calm指風(fēng)平浪靜，quiet指沒有吵鬧干擾，silent指

寂靜無聲?！鬞heseawasverycalm.海面很平靜?！鬉skthemtobequiet.讓他們保持安靜?！鬒twasdeep

silent

intheforest.森林深處寂靜無聲。在修飾人時(shí)，calm指人心平氣和，毫不激動(dòng)；quiet指性情溫和、安靜等；silent側(cè)重“沉默；不說話”，但不一定不動(dòng)。◆Youshouldkeep

calm

eveninfaceofdanger.即使面臨危險(xiǎn)，你也應(yīng)當(dāng)保持鎮(zhèn)靜?！鬢eshouldkeepquietinthehospital.在醫(yī)院里我們應(yīng)該保持安靜。◆You'dbetterbesilentaboutwhat'shappened.對已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事，你最好保持沉默。3.、It’sbeenthreeyearssincewelastsawourprimaryschoolclassmates.自從最近一次見過我們小學(xué)同學(xué)已經(jīng)三年了。(P26)（1）、“It

has

been

+

一段時(shí)間

+

since從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“自從做……以來已經(jīng)多久了”。這時(shí)從句謂語動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。◆It’sbeen

two

years

since

he

joined

the

army.

他參軍兩年了。拓展當(dāng)從句謂語動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示否定含義，意為“自從不做……以來已經(jīng)多久了”?！鬒thasbeenthreeyearssinceheworkedhere.他不在這工作已經(jīng)三年了。、last在句中是副詞，意為“上次；最近”?！鬢hendidyou

last

seehim?你最近什么時(shí)候見到過他?last作副詞，還可意為“最后”?！鬑ecame

last

intherace.他在賽跑比賽中跑了最后一名。拓展last其他用法：用作動(dòng)詞，意為“持續(xù)”。◆Thehotweather

willlastuntilSeptember.炎熱的天氣將持續(xù)到九月。用作形容詞，意為“上一個(gè)；最近的；最后的”?！鬑egotmarriedlastJuly.他去年７月結(jié)的婚?！鬗uchhaschangedsincemylastvisit.自我上次來訪后，變化很大?！鬌ecemberisthelastmonthoftheyear.12月是一年的最后一個(gè)月。4、Hisfacealwaysturnedredwhenhetalkedtogirls.當(dāng)他和女孩說話時(shí)，他的臉總是變紅。（P26）turnred意為“變紅”，這里turn是系動(dòng)詞，意為“變得；變成”，后接名詞或形容詞作表語，用作表語的名詞須用零冠詞。◆Inautumntheleavesturnyellow.秋天樹葉變黃?！鬞enyearslater,heturnedwriter.十年后他成了作家。拓展turn其他用法：作動(dòng)詞，意為“轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)向；翻轉(zhuǎn)”?！鬑eturnedandswambacktothebank.他轉(zhuǎn)身向河岸游去。◆Let's

turn

to

page

8.

讓我們翻到第八頁。

◆Turnleftatthesecondcrossing.在第二個(gè)十字路口向左轉(zhuǎn)。常用短語：turnagainst背叛；turndown調(diào)小，調(diào)低；turnin上交；turnup調(diào)大，調(diào)高；turn...into...(使……)成為……；turnoff關(guān)掉；turnon打開；turnout結(jié)果是，生產(chǎn)；turnover(使)翻轉(zhuǎn)，打翻，調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)。用作名詞，意為“順序；輪流；拐彎處”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：It'sone'sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事；takeone'sturntodosth.輪流做某事?！鬒t'syour

turn

toreadnow.現(xiàn)在輪到你讀了?！鬞akethesecondturnontheleft.在左邊第二個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)彎處拐彎。常用短語：

byturns輪流地，交替地；inturn依次，輪流地；taketurns替換，輪流。5.、Candytoldmethatsheusedtobereallyshyandtookupsingingtodealwithhershyness.坎迪告訴我，她過去真的很害羞，開始學(xué)唱歌去對付害羞。（P27）（1）、takeup是由“動(dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語，意為“開始從事”?！鬉ttheageofsixtyhetookuppaintingpictures.在60歲時(shí)他開始學(xué)畫畫。拓展takeup的其他用法：占（時(shí)間、地方等），消耗。◆LearningEnglishtakesupalotofmytime.學(xué)英語占了我許多時(shí)間。②、繼續(xù)做；接著…講。◆Iputthetelephonedownandtookuptheworkagain．我放下電話繼續(xù)工作。③、拿走；拿起?！鬑etookupthetelephonereceiverandbegantodial.他拿起電話聽筒開始撥號碼。④、募捐；收集。◆Thegirlswilltakeupacollectionattheendoftheconcert．這些女孩子在音樂會(huì)結(jié)束后要募捐。⑤、讓乘客上車；接納?！鬞hebusstoppedtotakeuppassengers．公共汽車停下來讓乘客上車。、dealwith意為“對付；應(yīng)付；處理；對待”?！鬝hehasalotofworktodealwith.她有許多工作要處理?！鬥oushoulddealwithhimmorepolitely.你應(yīng)該待他更客氣一些。拓展dowith與dealwith都可作“處理”講。dowith常與連接代詞what連用，而dealwith常與連接副詞how連用。◆

Idon’tknowhowtheydealwiththeproblem.

=Idon’tknowwhattheydowiththeproblem.

我不知道他們?nèi)绾翁幚磉@個(gè)問題。Asshegotbetter,shedaredtosinginfrontofherclass,andthenforthewholeschool.當(dāng)她變得好些時(shí)，他敢于在她班里同學(xué)面前唱歌，然后在全校面前。（P27）（1）、dare用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，意為“敢于；膽敢”，有時(shí)態(tài)和人稱的變化，后面通常接動(dòng)詞不定式，在疑問句或否定句中，to

經(jīng)常被省略。◆Hedarestojumpdownfromthetopofthewall.他敢從那墻頭上跳下來?！鬢e

don’t

dare

(to)

say

anything.

我們什么也不敢說。拓展dare還可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為“敢”，有時(shí)態(tài)變化，但沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，其后接動(dòng)詞原形。通常用于疑問句、否定句或條件句中；或與whether,hardly等連用?！鬌are

you

tell

her

the

truth?

你敢告訴她真相嗎?

◆She

darenot

gooutalone.

她不敢單獨(dú)出去?！鬒don’tknowwhetherhedaretry.

我不知道他敢不敢試。I

dare

say

用于肯定句，是習(xí)慣說法，表示一種不肯定的語氣，常譯為“我相信；我想”等，有時(shí)用作反語?！鬒

dare

say

(that)

you

are

right.

我想你是對的。Howdare…?

常用來表示說話人對某人的行為表示憤慨?！鬑owdareyouspeaktomelikethat?你竟敢那樣對我講話？（2）、infrontof意為“在……的前面”?！鬞hereisalittlechildinfrontofthehouse.房前有一個(gè)小孩。辨析infrontof與inthefrontofinfrontof“在…的前面”，強(qiáng)調(diào)在某一物體外部的前面（3）、whole形容詞，意為“整個(gè)的；全部的”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“the十whole+單數(shù)名詞”。all也有此意，但語序不同：all用于冠詞、所有格或其他限定詞之前；whole用于冠詞、所有格及其他限定詞之后。allthetime總是；一直thewholetime全部的時(shí)間allmylife我的一生mywholelife我的一生注意①、如果沒有冠詞或其他限定詞，whole不能與單數(shù)名詞連用?！鬞hewholecitywasburning.整個(gè)城市都在燃燒。②、whole一般不與不可數(shù)名詞及物質(zhì)名詞連用。(誤)thewholemoney/bread(正)allthemoney/bread7、IalwaysworryabouthowIappeartoothers,andIhavetobecarefulaboutwhatIsayordo.我總是要擔(dān)心我怎樣出現(xiàn)在其他人面前，我還必須要當(dāng)心我說的話和做的事。（P27）（1）、appear用作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“出現(xiàn)；露面”?！鬗ary

appeared

inherbestdress.瑪麗穿著她最好的衣服出現(xiàn)了。拓展appear還可用作連系動(dòng)詞，意為“似乎；好像”，其后可接形容詞、名詞、不定式等作表語，也可跟that

從句或

asif

從句?！鬑eappears(tobe)quiterich

他似乎相當(dāng)富有?！鬞his

appears

(tobe)animportantmatter.這看來是件重要的事情?！鬝hedidn’tappeartoknowanythingaboutit.她似乎對此一無所知。◆Itappearsthatheforgottodohishomework.

他似乎忘記做作業(yè)了。（2）、becarefulaboutbecarefulabout意為“小心；當(dāng)心；注意；講究”，通常后接指物的名詞、動(dòng)名詞或從句。◆Becarefulaboutwhatyousay.要當(dāng)心你說的話?！鬝heistoocarefulaboutherdress.她過分講究衣著。拓展①、careful是形容詞，意為“仔細(xì)的；小心的”，可用作定語或表語。用作表語時(shí)，其后也可跟動(dòng)詞不定式、that/wh-從句?！鬊ecarefulnottobelate.小心不要遲到.◆Be

careful

thatyoudon'tdropthevase.當(dāng)心別把那花瓶打了。其他短語：becarefulof意為“當(dāng)心；注意”，后面跟指人或事物的名詞或從句。◆Sheiscarefulofwhatsheeats.

她很注意飲食。becarefulfor意為“關(guān)注；關(guān)心”?！鬞heteacheriscarefulforthesafetyofthestudents.老師關(guān)注學(xué)生們的安全。8.Youreallyrequirealotoftalentandhardworktosucceed.想要成功，你真的需要許多才藝和辛勤的工作。（P27）require用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“需要；需求”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：①、require+名詞或代詞?！鬑erequiresanewdictionary.他需要一本新字典?！鬑ersuggestion

requires

carefulthought.她的建議需要慎重考慮。②、require+動(dòng)名詞?！鬥ourhair

requires

cutting.你的頭發(fā)需要剪了。require+不定式。這時(shí)主語通常是事物，不是人，不定式用被動(dòng)式?！鬞hebaby

required

tobelookedafter.這嬰兒得有人照料。requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事。◆They

required

metokeepsilent.他們吩咐我別出聲。拓展常用短語：①、requiresth.fromsb.需要從……得到某物

。◆Nobodyrequiredanyhelpfromme.沒人需要我的幫助。requiresth.ofsb.要求某人某事?！鬞heteacherrequiredtoomuchworkofthestudents.老師要學(xué)生做的功課過多。9、Onlyaverysmallnumberofpeoplemakeittothetop.只有很少的人能出人頭地。（教材P273a)(1)、anumberof意為“許多……”，后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，number可被形容詞large,small,great等修飾?！鬒ntheworldagreatnumberofpeoplespeakEnglish.世界上有許多人說英語。注意thenumberof.意為“……的數(shù)目、數(shù)量”，后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式?！鬞henumberofthestudentsintheroomisseventeen.房間里學(xué)生的人數(shù)是17人。、makeit此處用來表示達(dá)到預(yù)定目標(biāo)，意為“辦成，做到；成功”◆TellhimIwanttoseehimtonight，atmyhouseifhecanmakeit.告訴他今晚我想見他，可以的話就在我家?！鬑ewantstomakeitasawriter.他想作為一名作家而一舉成名。beingalone獨(dú)處(教材P284c）alone形容詞，意為“單獨(dú)的；獨(dú)自的”◆Herparentswerenotathome，andshewasalone.她父母不在家，留下她一個(gè)人。辨析alone與lonelyalone①、形容詞作表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語，②、副詞作狀語表示(客觀上的)獨(dú)自、孤單，數(shù)量上就一個(gè)lonely①、形容詞作表語，表示(主觀上的)孤單、寂寞②、形容詞作定語，多修飾表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，意為“偏僻的、荒涼的”◆Theoldmanlivesaloneinalonelyvillage，butheneverfeelslonely.這位老人獨(dú)自一人住在一個(gè)偏僻的村莊。11、Itishardtobelievethatheusedtobea“problemchild”untilaconversationwithhisparentsinfluencedhiswayofthinking.直到和父母的一次交談?dòng)绊懥怂乃伎挤绞?，很難相信他過去是個(gè)“問題兒童”。（P30）(1)、Itishardtobelievethat.是一個(gè)含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句。主句中it作形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句?！鬒tishardtobelievethattheyfinishedsomuchworkduringsuchashorttime.在這么短的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)他們完成了如此多的工作，這令人難以相信。(2)、influence此處用作動(dòng)詞，意為“影響；感染；對……起作用”◆Histeacher'swordsinfluencedhimforallhislife.老師的話影響了他的一生。辨析influence與affectinfluence指使思想、行為、性質(zhì)或發(fā)展和成長等發(fā)生變化的影響，可指壞的影響，也可指好的影響，這種影響常常是潛移默化的。affect指產(chǎn)生一種足以引起反應(yīng)的影響，有時(shí)只表示“對……產(chǎn)生影響”，不含有好壞的意思；有時(shí)表示“對……產(chǎn)生不良影響”◆Theweatherinfluencesthecrops.天氣影響農(nóng)作物?！鬒tdoesnotaffectmeintheleast.這對我毫無影響。拓展influence用作名詞，意為“影響”。常用短語有：①、have(an)influenceon….意為“對……有影響”?！鬉teacherhasagreatinfluenceonhis/herstudents.老師對學(xué)生有很大的影響。②、undertheinfluenceof….意為“在……的影響之下”，特指外界物質(zhì)的影響，常指在藥物、酒精或不良因素的影響下?！鬑e'sverymuchundertheinfluenceoftheolderboys.那些比他大的男孩對他的影響很大?！鬑ewasundertheinfluenceofalcohol.他喝醉了。12、Asasmallchild,heseldomgavehisparentsanyproblems,andtheywereproudofhim.當(dāng)他是個(gè)小孩時(shí)，他很少給父母惹麻煩，父母以他為榮。（教材P302b)(l)、seldom作副詞，意為“不常；很少”，相當(dāng)于hardlyever,其反義詞為often(經(jīng)常)，通常置于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后?！鬝heseldomgoesoutbyherself.她很少獨(dú)自外出。◆Heisseldomlateforschool.他上學(xué)很少遲到。注意①、seldom具有否定意義，用于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，主謂要部分倒裝?！鬝eldomdoIgoshoppingbytaxiunlessitisraining.除非下雨，我很少打車去購物。②、seldom用于反意疑問句時(shí)，附加問句不用否定詞not?！鬞heyseldomcomelate,dothey?他們很少遲到，對嗎？、beproudof意為“為……驕傲；為……感到自豪”，of后可接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，和takepridein同義。◆Myfamilyisproudofmysuccess.我的家里人很為我驕傲。

◆Hewas

proud

ofhavingsuchagoodfriend.他為有這樣的好朋友而自豪。拓展beproudabout表示“為……覺得了不起；自高自大”，常含貶義?！鬑eisproudabouthissuccess.他為自己的成功沾沾自喜。13、Hewasnolongerinterestedinstudying.他不再對學(xué)習(xí)感興趣。（教材P302b)nolonger意為“不再”，相當(dāng)于not…anylonger。常置于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前?！鬑enolongerliveshere.Hedoesn'tlivehereanylonger.他不再住在這里了。辨析nolonger,not.anylonger與nomore,not..anymorenolonger=not...anylonger指時(shí)間或距離上的“不再(延長)”，通常修飾延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，多指現(xiàn)在的情況與過去相比，故常用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中。nomore=not..anymore表示數(shù)量和程度上的“不再”，通常修飾終止性動(dòng)詞，一般指今后“不再”；故多用于將來時(shí)◆Youcannolongerstayhere.=Youcan'tstayhereanylonger.你不能再待在這里了?！鬑ewillnomoregothere.=Hewon'tgothereanymore.他不再去那里了。14、Hewasoftenabsentfromclasses,andhefailedhisexaminations.他經(jīng)常逃課并且考試不及格。（教材P302b)(l)、beabsentfrom…意為“缺席……”。此處absent用作形容詞，意為“缺席；不在”?！鬉goodstudentwouldnotbeabsentfromclasses..好學(xué)生是不會(huì)逃課的。拓展absent用作動(dòng)詞，意為“缺席；不參加”◆Heabsentedhimselffromthemeetingyesterday..他昨天沒有出席會(huì)議。(2)、fail此處用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“不及格；失敗”；也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞，因此failhisexaminations也可表示為failinhisexaminations.◆Bobalwaysfails(in)histests.鮑勃總是測試不及格。注意fail后可跟不定式，即failtodosth.意為“未能/沒能做某事”，而不是“做某事失敗”◆Ifailedtopassthedrivingtest.我未能通過駕照考試。15、Finally,hisparentsmadeadecisiontosendhimtoaboardingschool.最后，他的父母決定送他去一所寄宿學(xué)校。（教材P302)(l)、finally用作副詞，意為“最后；終于”，其同義詞組是intheend,atlast.在句中作狀語，通常位于句首、句末或?qū)嵙x動(dòng)詞之前，be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后?！鬎inallytheygottothevillage.最后他們到達(dá)了那個(gè)村莊?！鬑eworkedoutthemathproblemfinally.他終于解出了那道數(shù)學(xué)題。◆Hewillbeascientistintheend.最后他將成為一名科學(xué)家。、send…to…意為“把……送到……”◆HisparentssenthimtoShanghaitostudy.他的父母送他到上海學(xué)習(xí)。拓展含有send的固定搭配①、sendup“發(fā)射；發(fā)出”。◆Man-madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.許多國家已經(jīng)把人造衛(wèi)星發(fā)射到太空中。②、sendaway“解雇；開除”?！鬞hebosssentawayTom.老板解雇了湯姆。sendfor“派人去請”?！鬑ismotherwasillandhesentforthedoctor.他母親病了，他派人去請醫(yī)生。16、Theheadteacheradvisedhisparentstotalkwiththeirsoninperson.校長建議他父母親自和他們的兒子談?wù)?。（教材P302b)(l)、advise用作及物動(dòng)詞，其賓語可以是名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞-ing形式，也可以是that從句。advise也可接雙賓語，其直接賓語可由名詞、帶疑問詞的動(dòng)詞不定式或that/wh-從句充當(dāng)。advise還可接由動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語的復(fù)合賓語。advise的常用句式：①、advisedoingsth.意為“建議做某事”?！鬑eadvisedleavingearly.他建議早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身。②、advisesb.todosth.意為“建議某人做某事”?！鬞hedoctoradvisedmetotakeacompleterest.醫(yī)生建議我徹底休息一下。注意：advise后不能直接跟不定式作賓語。③、advisesb.againstdoingsth.意為“勸告某人不要做某事”，有時(shí)可與advisesb.nottodosth.互換?！鬑eadvisedheragainstgoingoutatnight.=Headvisedhernottogooutatnight.他勸她晚上不要出去。④、advisesb.ofsth.意為“通知或告知某人有某情況”?！鬚leaseadviseusofthearrivalofthegoods.貨物到達(dá)時(shí)請通知我們。(2)、inperson意為“親身；親自”◆Youshouldcomehereinpersontomorrow.明天你應(yīng)該親自來這兒。17、Theyalsotoldmethateventhoughtheycouldn'tbetheretotakecareofme…他們還告訴我盡管他們不能在身邊照顧我……（教材P302b)(l)、eventhough意為“盡管；即使；縱然”，有退一步設(shè)想的意味，相當(dāng)于evenif,多用于書面語中，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句?！鬑ewentonworkingwithhisassistanteventhoughbothofthemweretired.盡管他們兩個(gè)都累了，他仍然和他的助手繼續(xù)工作。(2)、takecareof意為“照顧；照看”，相當(dāng)于lookafter?！昂煤谜疹櫋笨捎胻akegoodcareof或lookafter….well表示?！鬥oumusttakegoodcareofyourselfandkeephealthy.=Youmustlookafteryourselfwellandkeephealthy.你一定要好好照顧自己，保持健康。拓展takecare意為“小心；注意”，同義短語還有becareful和lookout,三者可以互換?！鬞akecare!It'sdangeroushere.小心！這兒危險(xiǎn)。18、theywerealwaysthinkingofmeandwouldtakeprideineverythinggoodthatIdid.……但他們一直牽掛著我，并且會(huì)為我所做的每一件好事感到自豪。（教材P302)(l)、bealwaysdoingsth.意為“總是做某事，一直做某事”，always常用在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)里，表示經(jīng)常的行為習(xí)慣。當(dāng)與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用，構(gòu)成句型“bealwaysdoingsth.”時(shí)，常表達(dá)說話人的某種情緒，如贊揚(yáng)、不滿、責(zé)備等?！鬑ewasalwaysaskinghisparentsformoney.他總是向他的父母要錢?！鬝heisalwaysthinkingofherwork.她總是想著自己的工作。(2)、pridein'“為……感到自豪/驕傲”，與beproudof同義。后接讓人引以為榮的對象，其中pride為抽象名詞，意為“自豪；驕做”，in為介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語?！鬞heyoungmothertookprideinherson.-Theyoungmotherwasproudofherson.這個(gè)年輕的媽媽為她的兒子感到自豪。19、Hisparents'lovehasmadehimfeelgoodabouthimself.父母的愛讓他覺得自己很棒。(教材P302b)feelgoodabout….意為“對……感到滿意；對……感覺良好”。其中about為介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語?！鬒thinkit'sveryimportantforthesepeopletofeelgoodaboutthemselves.我認(rèn)為對這些人來說自信是很重要的?！鬞henyoufeelgoodabouttakingit?那你覺得接受它很對？20、Toeveryone’ssurprise,thisconversationchangedLiWen’slife.使大家驚奇的是，這次談話改變了李文的一生。（P30）toone’ssurprise意為“令某人驚奇的是”，是“toone's＋情感名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示說話人對上文的看法或態(tài)度，一般放在句首作狀語，表示行為的結(jié)果?？梢杂胓reat來加強(qiáng)語氣?！鬞oourgreatsurprise,hewontheprize.使我們感到十分驚奇的是他得了獎(jiǎng)。拓展①、“toone's＋情感名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：toone'sjoy、toone'sregret、toone'sshame、toone'sdisappointment等?！鬞omydeepregret,Ilostthechancetogoabroad.令我遺憾的是我失去了出國的機(jī)會(huì)。②、含名詞surprise的短語：insurprise意為“驚奇地；吃驚地”?！鬔ohnturnedaroundandlookedatmeinsurprise.約翰轉(zhuǎn)過身來，驚奇地望著我。③、surprise還可用作動(dòng)詞，意為“使吃驚；使驚喜”。◆Putthepresentsoutofsightsowecan

surprise

her.把禮物藏起來,我們給她個(gè)驚喜。surprise的形容詞形式有surprised(吃驚的；驚奇的)和surprising(令人驚奇的)。常用短語：besurprisedat對……感到驚奇。21、Irealizedthatsincemyparentsmovedaway,I’vebeenafraidbeingalone,andhavetriedtomakemyparentspaymoreattentiontome.我意識到，自從我父母離開以來，我害怕孤獨(dú)，盡力想讓父母更多地關(guān)注我。（P30）⑴、本句是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，在從句中含有一個(gè)since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。movedaway是“動(dòng)詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“離開；搬走”，如表示“從某地搬走”后面加介詞from?！鬚eoplebegantomoveaway.人們開始走掉?！鬝hemovedawayfromthetowntwoyearsago.她兩年前從這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)上搬走了。⑵、payattentionto意為“注意；關(guān)注”，to是介詞，后面跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞。◆You

should

pay

attention

to

yourspelling.

你應(yīng)當(dāng)注意你的拼寫?！鬚leasepayattentiontotakingcareofyourbaby.請注意照顧好你的小孩。拓展payattentionto中可以用alittle/much/more/no等修飾attention，表示程度。payalittleattention意為“不太注意”；paymuchattention意為“非常注意”；paynoattention意為“不在意”。另外payattentionto也可表示“向女生獻(xiàn)殷勤；款待”。如：Helikestopayattentionstoalady.他喜歡向女士獻(xiàn)殷勤。22、EventheteacheragreedthatLiWenwaswastinghistime甚至連老師也認(rèn)為李文是在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間（教材P31)agree作動(dòng)詞，意為“同意；贊成”，其后可接動(dòng)詞不定式或賓語從句?！鬢eagreetoleaveatonce.我們同意馬上離開?！鬢eallagreethatheisagoodstudent.我們一致認(rèn)為他是個(gè)好學(xué)生。拓展①、agreewith表示“同意某人或某人的意見、想法、分析、解釋等（即持同一觀，點(diǎn)）”?！鬒don'tagreewithyou.我不同意你的意見。◆Iagreewithwhatyousay.我同意你說的話。②、agreeto主要用來表示一方提出一項(xiàng)建議、安排、計(jì)劃等，另一方同意協(xié)作?！鬢eagreedtotheirarrangement.我們同意了他們的安排?！鬝heagreedtomarriage.她同意結(jié)婚。③、agreeon主要指雙方通過協(xié)商而達(dá)成一致意見或協(xié)議?！鬢eagreedontheprice.我們就價(jià)格達(dá)成了一致意見?！鬊othsidesagreedontheseterms.雙方都同意這些條件。23、Mylifehaschangedalotinthelastfewyears.在過去的幾年里，我的生活改變了許多。(教材P323b）(l)、change此處用作動(dòng)詞，意為“改變；變化”。change還可用作名詞，意為“變化”。◆Iwillneverchangemymind.我決不會(huì)改變我的主意。◆Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。(2)、inthelastfewyears意為“在過去的幾年里”，指的是從現(xiàn)在算起的以前或到現(xiàn)在為止的幾年中的情況，與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系，因此句子的時(shí)態(tài)一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。◆Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthevillageinthelastfewyears.在過去的幾年里，這個(gè)村莊發(fā)生了巨大的變化。◆Ihavelearntalotinthelastthreeyears.在過去的三年里我學(xué)到了很多。【考點(diǎn)剖析】考點(diǎn)1、usedto用法—Myauntgoestoclimbthehilleverymorning.—Oh?Butshe________hateclimbinghills.A．usedto B．usesto C．wasusedto D．isusedto考點(diǎn)2、It's+時(shí)間+since+從句It_________fiveyearssincewelast_________eachother.A．is;hasseen B．is;saw C．was;saw D．hasbeen;haveseen考點(diǎn)3、詞組takeupInordertocurehismom,theboy________sellingflowersinhissparetime.A．putsup B．takesup C．setsup D．makesup考點(diǎn)4、詞組beproudof/takepridein—Chinahasmadeacompletevictoryinitsfightagainstpoverty.—AsChinese,we________ourcountry.A．a(chǎn)resatisfiedwith B．a(chǎn)refriendlyto C．a(chǎn)reinterestedin D．a(chǎn)reproudof考點(diǎn)5、動(dòng)詞advise的用法BecauseofCOVID-19,ourteachersadviseus________tothepublicplacesless.A．togo B．going C．nottogo D．notgoing考點(diǎn)6、詞組payattentiontoYoushouldpayattentionto________whiledrivingaroundthecorner,oryoumaybeindanger.A．slowdown B．slowingdown C．drivecarefully考點(diǎn)7、詞組giveupHewantstogiveup__________,butit'shardforhimto__________.A．drink;giveupit B．drinking;giveupitC．drinking;giveitup D．todrink;giveitup【真題演練】1．—Isitpolitetospeakandlaughloudly________?—No,Idon’tthinkso.A．inpublic B．a(chǎn)tleast C．ontime D．intime2．LiHongissoexcellentthatsheis________herfamily.A．worriedabout B．a(chǎn)ngrywith C．theprideof D．strictwith3．I’mgoingto________cookingbecauseIlikeeatingdeliciousfood.A．cleanup B．putup C．takeup D．makeup4．Theproblemisveryserious,soyouneedtogothere________.A．inpublic B．inperson C．passby D．takepridein5．Idon’tknowhowto________theoldclothes.MaybeIcangivethemawaytothecharity.A．handin B．dealwith C．takeup D．endup6．Ilivenearaverybigsupermarket,soitis________formetobuywhatIneed.A．comfortable B．convenient C．inexpensive D．complicated7．________studentsintheirschooloften________totheparkafterclass.A．Thenumberof;go B．Thenumberof;goes C．Anumberof;go D．Anumberof;goes8．Ben________alotinthelastfewyears.A．changed B．hadchanged C．willchange D．haschanged9．It’sbeenthreeyears________welastsawourprimaryschoolclassmates.A．when B．before C．since D．a(chǎn)fter10．Youshouldlearn________thesequestions.A．howtodealwith B．whattodealwith C．howtodeal D．whattodeal11．It’scoldoutside.Please______warmclothestokeepwarm.A．puton B．wear C．in D．wears12．—Doyouknowthetrafficrules?—Sure,oneofthemisthatwecan’tgoacrossthestreet________thelightisgreen.A．until B．a(chǎn)fter C．if13．Ifyouareoften________fromclasses,youmayfailinthefinalexamination.A．a(chǎn)bsent B．quiet C．a(chǎn)ctive D．silent14．—DidNancy________thephysicstest?—Yes.Shewasverysadwhensheknewherpoorgrade.A．miss B．pass C．succeed D．fail15．Thesepetcats________alotofcareandattention.A．obey B．respect C．require D．effect16．—HaveyoureadthebookHarryPotter?—Sure.Ericisalso________itandwebecomefriendsbecauseofthat.A．proudof B．a(chǎn)fraidof C．seriousabout D．interestedin17．Myuncledoesn'tlikefastfood,sohe________eatsit.A．a(chǎn)lways B．often C．usually D．seldom18．—Howdoyoudare____________toyourparentslikethat?—Sorry,Iwon’tdothatagain.A．spoke B．speaking C．tospeak D．tospeaking19．________oursurprise,hefailedthemathexam.A．In B．On C．To D．At20．—Nowmanystarsaregivingawaymoneytothepoorareas.—Thisis________whatthepeopletheremostneed.A．exactly B．quite C．luckily D．helpfully【過關(guān)檢測】一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Yourvoiceisbeautiful.Maybeyoucan_________singingasyourfuturejob.A．takeup B．putup C．setup D．makeup2．Theoldmanlivesinthesmallvillage_________.Buthedoesn’tfeel_________.A．a(chǎn)lone;alone B．a(chǎn)lone;lonely C．lonely;alone D．lonely;lonely3．Don'tgiveup!Comeon,Iknowyoucanmake__________.A．it B．this C．that D．so4．Thewinnerofthissingingcompetitionisan_________boyfromNanjing.A．eighteenyearold B．eighteenyearsold C．eighteen-year-old D．eighteen-years-old5．Thenumberofboysinourclass_________twenty-eightandanumberofthem_________goodatsports.A．a(chǎn)re;are B．is;are C．a(chǎn)re;is D．is;is6．LinTaousedtogetupearlywhenhewasatschool,_________?A．wasn’the B．didhe C．didn’the D．doesn’the7．Mysisterusuallydarestotheteachers’officeandaskherteachersomequestions.A．went B．going C．goes D．togo8．Therearesomanyproblemsinourlife.Weshouldlearntothem.A．lookfor B．findoutC．dealwith D．worryabout9．—Whyareyousoangrywithyourlittlesister?—Becauseshealwaysrequiresmeherouttoplay.A．takes B．take C．taking D．totake10．—Wholookedafteryoursickgrandmotherinhospital?—Myfatherdidthat.Hedidn’twantanybodyelse’shelp.A．infact B．inpersonC．intotal D．indisagreement11．GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinXiangyang.Weareall____________theachievements.A．knownas B．proudof C．similarto D．goodwith12．Thebestwayofsolvingtheproblemisbyaskingtheteacherforhelp.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningoftheunderlinedword?A．Dealingwith. B．Agreeingwith. C．Lookingup. D．Givingup.13．—Lookatthebirdoverthere!It’ssobeautiful!—Wow!It’sararecrane.Itappearsinthisarea.A．a(chǎn)lways B．usually C．seldom D．often14．theirsurprise,theirdaughterwonthegameatlast.A．In B．To C．With D．At15．Ourcity____alotinthepasttenyears.Wecanseewidestreetsandtallbuildingseverywhere.A．changes B．changed C．haschanged D．willchange二、根據(jù)首字母填空16．Maryisa________fromclasstodaybecausesheisinhospital.17．Heisverysuccessful.Andhisparentsarep______ofhim.18．—WhydidJohnlookunhappy?—Becausehef________theexam.19．Doyoud________towalkhomeafteryouwatchascarymovie?20．Thelittlegirlisafraidofsinginginfrontofthewholeclassbecauseofhers________.句型轉(zhuǎn)換21．Mygrandpastoppedsmokingafewmonthsago.(改為同義句)Mygrandpa________________smokingafewmonthsago.22．Andyhasdecidedtobeascientistwhenhegrowsup.（改為同義句）Andyhas________________________tobeascientistwhenhegrowsup.23．Theoldladynolongerlivedthere.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Theoldlady________livethere________________.24．Heoftenwalkedtoschoolinthepast.（保持句意基本不變）He________________walktoschool.25．Theyusedtoplaycomputergames.（改為一般疑問句）________they________toplaycomputergames?五、完成句子26．在公共場合大聲說話是不禮貌的。It'simpolitetospeaktooloudly__________.27．她過去常和朋友們閑逛。She________________________________withherfriends.28．她以前害羞，但是現(xiàn)在她不再害羞了。She________________beshy.Butnowshe________shy________.29．我真不知道如何處理這個(gè)問題。Ireallydon’tknowhowto________thisproblem.30．作為中國人，我們?yōu)槲覈母哞F感到自豪。AsChinesepeople,we________

________________ourhigh-speedtrains.第14講Iusedtobeafraidofthedark【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】詞匯SectionA：單詞：humorous,silent,helpful,score,background,interview,Asian,dare,private,guard,require,European,African,British,speech,public短語：usedto過去經(jīng)常；fromtimetotime時(shí)常；有時(shí)；talkto和……談話；turnred變紅；takeup開始從事；dealwith對付；應(yīng)付；not…anymore不再；tonsof許多；大量；becarefulwith注意；照顧；hangout閑逛；fighton繼續(xù)戰(zhàn)斗；makeittothetop達(dá)到頂峰；beafraidof害怕；giveaspeech發(fā)表演講；inpublic公開地；SectionB：單詞：ant,insect,influence,seldom,proud,absent,fail,examination,exactly,pride,grandson,general,introduction短語：paintpicture畫畫；onthesoccerteam在足球隊(duì)；beproudof為……感到驕傲；nolonger不再；beabsentfrom不在……(地方)；makeadecision做決定；boardingschool寄宿學(xué)校；advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事；inperson親自；gobackto回到；toone’ssurprise使某人驚奇的是；takepridein以……自豪；payattentionto注意；moveaway搬走；離開；feelgoodaboutoneself

自我感覺良好；generalintroduction總體介紹；SelfCheck：telljokes講笑話語法Usedto結(jié)構(gòu)Youusedtobeshort,didn’tyou?Heusedtobereallyshort.DidMariousetobeshort?Ididn’tusetobepopularinschool.功能用語和話題功能用語：“談?wù)撃氵^去是什么樣”（talkaboutwhatyouusedtobelike）話題：“我們怎樣改變(howwehavechanged)”Iusedtobeshort.Ididn’tusetobepopularinschool.Youusedtobeshort,didn’tyou?Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.Didheusetowearglasses?Yes,hedid./No,hedidn’t.【基礎(chǔ)知識】1、Mario,youusedtobeshort,didn’tyou?馬里奧，你過去很矮，不是嗎？(P25)usedtodosth意為“過去經(jīng)常做某事”，表示過去經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣，含有現(xiàn)在不再如此之意。usedtodo否定結(jié)構(gòu)為“didn’tusetodo”；也可用“usednottodo”；其疑問句常借用助動(dòng)詞did提問，即“Did…usetodo…?”，也可用“Used…todo…?”?！鬝heusedtogotoworkbybike.她過去經(jīng)常騎自行車去上班?！鬑edidn’tusetoeatvegetables.他過去不經(jīng)常吃蔬菜?！鬌idyouusetoworkintothenight?你以前經(jīng)常工作到深夜嗎？拓展①、beusedtodosth.意為“被用來做某事”，屬于被動(dòng)語態(tài)?！鬢oodisusedtomakepaper.木材被用來造紙。②、be/getusedtodoingsth.意為“習(xí)慣于做某事”，to是介詞?！鬒’musedtogettingupearly.我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于早起。③、beusedfordoingsth.意為“被用于做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)用途。◆Theknivesareusedforcuttingthings.小刀被用于切東西。2.、Shewasalwayssilentinclass.她在課堂上總是不說話。(P26)silent是形容詞，指人時(shí)，意為“不說話的；沉默的”；指事物時(shí)，意為“寂靜的；無聲的”?！鬑ecouldn’tspeakEnglishandwascompletely

silent

duringthevisit.他不會(huì)說英語，參觀過程中一言未發(fā)。◆Theoldhousewasquite

silent.這所舊房子非常寂靜。常用短語：besilentabout/on意為“對……保持沉默；對……未提到”；keepsilent保持沉默。拓展silent、calm和quiet辨析這幾個(gè)形容詞都有“安靜；平靜；寂靜”的意思。在修飾環(huán)境時(shí)，calm指風(fēng)平浪靜，quiet指沒有吵鬧干擾，silent指

寂靜無聲?！鬞heseawasverycalm.海面很平靜。◆Askthemtobequiet.讓他們保持安靜?！鬒twasdeep

silent

intheforest.森林深處寂靜無聲。在修飾人時(shí)，calm指人心平氣和，毫不激動(dòng)；quiet指性情溫和、安靜等；silent側(cè)重“沉默；不說話”，但不一定不動(dòng)?！鬥oushouldkeep

calm

eveninfaceofdanger.即使面臨危險(xiǎn)，你也應(yīng)當(dāng)保持鎮(zhèn)靜?！鬢eshouldkeepquietinthehospital.在醫(yī)院里我們應(yīng)該保持安靜?！鬥ou'dbetterbesilentaboutwhat'shappened.對已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事，你最好保持沉默。3.、It’sbeenthreeyearssincewelastsawourprimaryschoolclassmates.自從最近一次見過我們小學(xué)同學(xué)已經(jīng)三年了。(P26)（1）、“It

has

been

+

一段時(shí)間

+

since從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“自從做……以來已經(jīng)多久了”。這時(shí)從句謂語動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞?！鬒t’sbeen

two

years

since

he

joined

the

army.

他參軍兩年了。拓展當(dāng)從句謂語動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示否定含義，意為“自從不做……以來已經(jīng)多久了”。◆Ithasbeenthreeyearssinceheworkedhere.他不在這工作已經(jīng)三年了。、last在句中是副詞，意為“上次；最近”?！鬢hendidyou

last

seehim?你最近什么時(shí)候見到過他?last作副詞，還可意為“最后”?！鬑ecame

last

intherace.他在賽跑比賽中跑了最后一名。拓展last其他用法：用作動(dòng)詞，意為“持續(xù)”?！鬞hehotweather

willlastuntilSeptember.炎熱的天氣將持續(xù)到九月。用作形容詞，意為“上一個(gè)；最近的；最后的”?！鬑egotmarriedlastJuly.他去年７月結(jié)的婚?！鬗uchhaschangedsincemylastvisit.自我上次來訪后，變化很大?！鬌ecemberisthelastmonthoftheyear.12月是一年的最后一個(gè)月。4、Hisfacealwaysturnedredwhenhetalkedtogirls.當(dāng)他和女孩說話時(shí)，他的臉總是變紅。（P26）turnred意為“變紅”，這里turn是系動(dòng)詞，意為“變得；變成”，后接名詞或形容詞作表語，用作表語的名詞須用零冠詞?！鬒nautumntheleavesturnyellow.秋天樹葉變黃?！鬞enyearslater,heturnedw