湖北省2023-2024學年高二年級下冊3月聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

湖北省云學名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高二下學期3月聯(lián)考英

語試卷

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳的

選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話

僅讀一遍。

1.WhatwillJoeprobablydobeforeskiingnexttime?

A.Takeatrainingcourse.

B.Wearbetterequipment.

C.Dowarm-upexercise.

2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atalibrary.B.Atapolicestation.C.Atabank.

3.Whatdoesthemanneedtodowiththetallgreenplant?

A.Giveenoughsunlight.B.Wateriteverytwoweeks.C.Keepitawayfromthe

window.

4.WhatdoesthemanthinkofSlowTV?

A.Ifsdull.B.Ifsinspiring.C.Ifsrelaxing.

5.Whydidthewomanfailtoseethematch?

A.Shegottheflu.B.Shehadtowork.C.Shevisitedhersick

colleague.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項

中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，

各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WhatdoweknowaboutMichael?

A.Hewillleaveinsixmonths.

B.Healwaysgetstotheofficeearly.

C.Heoftenhelpscolleagueswithwork.

7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingtomorrow?

A.GivingMichaelacall.B.GoingtoMichaefsoffice.C.InvitingMichaeltolunch,

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Howmucharethebrowncookiesperkilogram?

A.$5.B.$10.C.$15.

9.Whydoesthemanbuypalmoil-freeproducts?

A.Toeathealthily.B.Tosavemoney.C.Toprotectrainforests.

10.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?

A.SurftheInternet.B.Makepayment.C.Continueshopping.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Tourguideandtourist.

12.Whenwillthespeakersgototheartexhibition?

A.OnWednesday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSunday.

13.Whichofthefollowingisfreeofcharge?

A.Thetickets.B.Thebusfares.C.Foodanddrinks.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.WhowillholdapartyonSaturday?

A.Danielle.B.Dave.C.Thespeakers5parents.

15.WhatwillthemandoonSaturdaynight?

A.Dohishomework.B.Pickuphisparents.C.Watchasoccergame.

16.HowlongwillthewomanhavethecaronSundayatmost?

A.Abouttwohours.B.Aboutfourhours.C.Abouteighthours.

17.Whatarethespeakerstryingtodo?

A.Prepareforaparty.B.Cometoanagreement.C.Givetheirparentsasurprise.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?

A.Students.B.Volunteers.C.Teachers.

19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutvolunteerjobs?

A.Mostofthemareofferedinwinter.

B.Theyarebeneficialtothevolunteers.

C.Schoolsarebadlyinneedofvolunteers.

20.Whatisthetalkabout?

A.Ajobwebsite.B.Ajobapplication.C.Ajobdescription.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37?5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Areyouanxiousabouthowtospendyourholidaywithyourkidseffectively?Areyouataloss

duetonotknowinghowtostimulateyourkids9interest?Nowjustsatisfyyourteens'desireforthe

unusualinBristolwithshoppingandattractiveart.

MAKINGTHEIRMARK

Whileitcanbetoughtopersuadesometeenstoembraceart,you511finditeasierinBristol.Ybu

won'thavetorackyourbrains（絞盡月齒汁）toencounterthehandiworkofthecity'sfamousone,

becausetherearemorethan200-oddstreetartistsinthecitywhereTheWalloffersatwo-hour

tourofthemust-seeworksandBristoFs30yearsofgraffitihistory.Therearespray-painting

workshopstoo,ifyourteenswanttogiveitashot.

AWHOLENEWWORLD

Ifallthatgraffitileadstoanew-foundinterestinart,thenthenextstepisWakeTheTiger,anew

artexperience.Throughmysteriouscreativeworks,hiddenforestsandsecretpassageways,you

andyourfamilywillenterthemagicworld.Ifsperfectforteenfantasyfans.

ONLOCATION

RememberSkins?The00sdramawasahitwithteensforitsrealisticplot,andnowanewoneis

discoveringitonNetflix.MuchoftheshowwasfilmedinBristolandtheBristolFilmOfficehas

puttogetheramapofallofthekeylocations.VisitBristolandtheBristolFilmOfficehavealso

mappedotherhitshows,includingSherlockandDoctorWho.

VINTAGEFINDS

Ifyourteensarekeentodeveloptheirvintage（復古的）rockstyle,takethemtoParkStreetto

discoverthevintageshops,includingUncleSam'sVintage,perfectforeverythingfromAmerican

varsity（校隊的）jacketstoLevi'sjeans,aswellasTheVintageThriftStore,LootVintageand

Sobeys.

1.WhydoestheauthorrecommendBristol?

A.Becauseitiseasiertolearnarthere.

B.Becauseartistsherearemorefamous.

C.Becausetherearenumerousgreatartistsandworks.

D.Becauseithaslongergraffitihistorythanothercities.

2.Whatcan'tteensdoinBristol?

A.Buyvintagejeans.B.Beexposedtomapsoffilm.

C.Encounterfamousfilmstars.D.Payavisittothesplendidgraffitihistory.

3.Whoisthetargetofthisarticle?

A.ArtistsB.ParentsC.TeenagersD.Fansofpainting

K答案Hl.c2.C3.B

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了在布里斯托爾，可以讓十幾歲的青少年喜

愛的購物和沉浸式藝術(shù)。

【1題詳析】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“MAKINGTHEIRMARK”下文中“Youwon'thavetorackyourbrains（絞

盡腦汁）toencounterthehandiworkofthecity'sfamousone,becausetherearemorethan

200-oddstreetartistsinthecitywhereTheWalloffersatwo-hourtourofthemust-seeworksand

Bristol5s30yearsofgraffitihistory.Therearespray-paintingworkshopstoo,ifyourteenswantto

giveitashot.（你不必絞盡腦汁就能看到這座城市著名的涂鴉藝術(shù)家的作品，因為這座城市有

200多名街頭藝術(shù)家，theWall提供了兩個小時的必看作品之旅，以及布里斯托爾30年的涂

鴉歷史。）”可知，Bristol這座城市有200多名街頭藝術(shù)家，在這里能看到這座城市著名的涂

鴉藝術(shù)家的作品；由此可知，作者推薦Bristol是因為這里有很多偉大的藝術(shù)家和作品。故

選C。

【2題詳析】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“MAKINGTHEIRMARK”下文中“Youwon'thavetorackyourbrains（絞

盡腦?十）toencounterthehandiworkofthecity'sfamousone,becausetherearemorethan

200-oddstreetartistsinthecitywhereTheWalloffersatwo-hourtourofthemust-seeworksand

BristoPs30yearsofgraffitihistory.（你不必絞盡腦汁就能看到這座城市著名的涂鴉作品，因為

這座城市有200多名街頭藝術(shù)家，theWall提供了兩個小時的必看作品之旅，以及布里斯托

爾30年的涂鴉歷史。）、“AWHOLENEWWORLD”下文中“thenthenextstepisWakeThe

Tiger,anewartexperience.Throughmysteriouscreativeworks,hiddenforestsandsecret

passageways,youandyourfamilywillenterthemagicworld.It'sperfectforteenfantasyfhns.（接

下來便是WaketheTiger,一種全新的藝術(shù)體驗。通過神秘的創(chuàng)意作品，隱藏的森林和秘密

通道，您和您的家人將進入神奇的世界。非常適合青少年奇幻迷廣、"ONLOCATION”下文

中“MuchoftheshowwasfilmedinBristolandtheBristolFilmOfficehasputtogetheramapof

allofthekeylocations.VisitBristolandtheBristolFilmOfficehavealsomappedotherhitshows,

includingSherlockandDoctorWho.（該劇大部分在布里斯托爾拍攝，布里斯托爾電影辦公室

已經(jīng)繪制了所有關(guān)鍵地點的地圖O參觀布里斯托爾和布里斯托爾電影辦公室還繪制了其他熱

門節(jié)目的地圖，包括《神探夏洛克》和《神秘博士》。戶以及“VINTAGEFINDS”下文中“Ifyour

teensarekeentodeveloptheirvintage（復古的）rockstyle,takethemtoParkStreettodiscover

thevintageshops,includingUncleSam'sVintage,perfectforeverythingfromAmericanvarsity

（校隊的）jacketstoLevi'sjeans,aswellasTheVintageThriftStore,LootVintageandSobeys.（如

果你的孩子們熱衷于培養(yǎng)他們的復古搖滾風格，帶他們?nèi)ス珗@街（ParkStreet）看看那些古

董店，包括山姆大叔的古董店（UncleSam'svintage）,從美國校隊的夾克到李維斯的牛仔褲，

應有盡有，還有thevintageThriftStore、Lootvintage^0Sobeyso）”可知，在Bristol,青少年

可以參觀Bristol30年輝煌的涂鴉歷史，在WaketheTiger體驗奇幻世界，接觸電影地圖以及

購買復古牛仔褲。C選項“Encounterfamousfilmstars.（遇到著名的電影明星）”沒有提至U，故選

Co

【3題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Areyouanxiousabouthowtospendyourholidaywithyourkids

effectively?Areyouatalossduetonotknowinghowtostimulateyourkids'interest?Nowjust

satisfyyourteens5desirefortheunusualinBristolwithshoppingandattractiveart.（你是否為如

何有效地與孩子共度假期而焦慮？你是否因為不知道如何激發(fā)孩子的興趣而不知所措？現(xiàn)

在，只要滿足你的青少年對布里斯托爾不尋常的購物和吸引人的藝術(shù)的渴望。戶中的“spend

yourholidaywithyourkidseffectively"、''stimulateyourkids'interest”以及"satisfyyourteens'

desire”可推知，本文面向的目標讀者是十幾歲青少年孩子的家長們。故選B。

B

OncereferredtoasanaInsta-hiker\Joshisajuggler（玩雜耍的人）ofmanydifferentjoys:his

wife,children,friends,jobasaCorporateActionsanalyst,adirectorshipatBlackProfessionals

Scotland.Thelabelcouldbefarfromthetruth.

Hisjobishigh-pressuredandtime-sensitive,asuit-and-tieenvironment,inwhichonetinymistake

cancostmillions.Buthillwalkingisnotawaytorunfromreality."I'mnotescapingfrom

anything,“Joshclaimsfirmly.Youwouldn'tencouragesomeonetolivefortheirjob,andhe

appliesthatlogictothethingshelovestodo,welcomingtheoutdoorsintohislifeonhisown

terms.

Rather,peoplemeanseverythingtoJosh.'Tmnotasoloexplorer.Ifsaboutthejourney,people

andconversations,thelittlemomentsasmuchasitisaboutbigmoments.9,ThisinspiredBlack

ScottishAdventurers.HisrelationshipwiththeHighlandsbegankeepingpacewithhismoveto

Scotlandoveradecadeago,bornofasenseoffunandfreedom,ratherthanadesireforchallenge.

Withoveradecadeofhillwalkingbehindhim,JoshstartedencouragingBlackpeopleintothe

mountainsthroughaWhatsAppgroupforlike-mindedindividuals.Now,theBSAcommunityand

teamarepromotinginclusionandoutdoorsaccessfortheBlackcommunity.

Joshsays,“Beinginthehillsisanextensionofmylife,ofwhoIam,andwhoIwanttobe.^^He

goesintothemountainswhenhewantsto,inordertointegratewiththenaturalworld.Buthe'sas

likelytoseefriendsinEdinburghasheistowalkaMunro.Hequicklyadmits"I'masocial

animal,anyway!,?

Josh'sabilitytoliveinthemoment,mountainsideornot,isrefreshing.Hegives“glorytothose

whoseekthemountainsasashelter,9,butadds,t6IwanttofindbalancebetweendoingwhatIlove

andbeingwithpeopleIlovesoIdon'tputmyselfinahole.IstrengthentherelationshipsIhave

withmynon-hillwalkingfamilyandfriends,andwon'tseparatemyselffrompossibilities.9,

4.WhydoesJoshclimbmountains?

A.Toescapefromstressfulwork.B.Toenjoythepleasureandfreedom.

C.Tosatisfyhiscuriosityaboutnature.D.Toencourageblackpeopletoliveforjob.

5.WhatdoesJoshdoforBlackpeople?

A.Makehillaccessibletothem.B.Furtherinclusionofblackpeople.

C.Encouragethemtoclimbmountains.D.Helpthemfindbalancebetweenworkandplay.

6.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthelastbutoneparagraph?

A.Joshexpectstobeanadventurer.

B.Joshgetslostinhispressuredwork.

C.Joshthinkshighlyofhillwalkingaswellasfriends.

D.Joshclimbsmountainssoastomakepeacewithnature.

7.WhichwordscandescribeJoshbest?

A.Considerateandwarm-hearted.B.Cautiousandpeople-centered.

C.Ambitiousandhighly-motivated.D.Straightforwardandindependent.

R答案』4.B5.C6.C7.A

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，文章講述了熱愛戶外活動的登山者Josh的故事，他從登

山中找到快樂和自由，鼓勵鼓勵黑人爬山，促進對黑人社區(qū)的包容性和戶外活動；他在追求

自己愛好的同時，加強與家人與非登山家庭和朋友的關(guān)系。

【4題詳析】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“HisrelationshipwiththeHighlandsbegankeepingpacewithhis

movetoScotlandoveradecadeago,bornofasenseoffunandfreedom,ratherthanadesirefor

challenge.（十多年前，他搬到蘇格蘭，與蘇格蘭高地的關(guān)系也隨之開始，這是一種樂趣和自

由的感覺，而不是對挑戰(zhàn)的渴望。丫'可知，Josh登山是為了享受快樂和自由。故選B。

[5題詳析]

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Withoveradecadeofhillwalkingbehindhim,Joshstarted

encouragingBlackpeopleintothemountainsthroughaWhatsAppgroupforlike-minded

individuals.Now,theBSAcommunityandteamarepromotinginclusionandoutdoorsaccessfor

theBlackcommunity.（在經(jīng)歷了十多年的爬山經(jīng)歷后，喬希開始通過一個由志同道合的人組

成的WhatsApp群，鼓勵黑人上山。現(xiàn)在，BSA社區(qū)和團隊正在促進黑人社區(qū)的包容和戶外

活動。廠可知，Josh通過一個由志同道合的人組成的WhatsApp群，鼓勵黑人爬山，促進對

黑人社區(qū)的包容性和戶外活動。故選C。

【6題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Joshsays,“Beinginthehillsisanextensionofmylife,ofwhoI

am,andwhoIwanttobe."Hegoesintothemountainswhenhewantsto,inordertointegrate

withthenaturalworld.Buthe'saslikelytoseefi'iendsinEdinburghasheistowalkaMunro.He

quicklyadmitswFmasocialanimal,anyway!”（Josh說：，在山上是我生命的延伸，是我是誰，

我想成為誰的延伸。’為了與自然融為一體，他想去的時候就去山里。但他在愛丁堡見到朋

友的可能性和去Munro徒步的可能性一樣大。他很快承認:，不管怎樣,我是一種社交動物!’)”

可知，Josh喜愛去登山，他認為去山上是他生命的延伸，能夠與自然融為一體，同時他也愛

社交與朋友相處，他去見朋友的可能性和去山里徒步的可能性一樣大；由此可知，在倒數(shù)第

二段中作者是想告訴我們，Josh認為爬山和交朋友一樣重要。故選C。

【7題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)根據(jù)第四段中"Withoveradecadeofhillwalkingbehindhim,Joshstarted

encouragingBlackpeopleintothemountainsthroughaWhatsAppgroupforlike-minded

individuals.Now,theBSAcommunityandteamarepromotinginclusionandoutdoorsaccessfor

theBlackcommunity.（在經(jīng)歷了十多年的爬山經(jīng)歷后，喬希開始通過一個由志同道合的人組

成的WhatsApp群，鼓勵黑人上山?，F(xiàn)在，BSA社區(qū)和團隊正在促進黑人社區(qū)的包容和戶外

活動。）”以及最后一段中Josh所說的話力wanttofindbalancebetweendoingwhatIloveand

beingwithpeopleIlovesoIdon'tputmyselfinahole.IstrengthentherelationshipsIhavewith

mynon-hillwalkingfamilyandfriends,andwon'tseparatemyselffrompossibilities.（我想在做

我愛的事和和我愛的人在一起之間找到平衡，這樣我就不會把自己陷入困境。我會加強與非

登山家庭和朋友的關(guān)系，不會把自己與各種可能性分開。廠可知，Josh通過一個由志同道合

的人組成的WhatsApp群鼓勵黑人爬山，促進對黑人社區(qū)的包容性和戶外活動，同時，他能

夠照顧家人與朋友的感受，在登山和家人之間找到平衡，加強與非登山家庭和朋友的關(guān)系；

由此可知，Josh是個非常體貼而又熱心的人。故選A。

C

ShenzheninGuangdongprovincehasbecomethefirstcityinChinatoallowspecialistnursesto

prescribe（開藥方）selecteddrugsandordertests,inamovethatisexpectedtoincrease

efficienciesinthehealthcaresystemandreducethepatient-loadburdenonphysicians.

UnderanewruleinOctoberthattookeffectinJanuary,eligiblenurseswillbepermittedtoorder

examinations,treatmentsconsideringtheirexpertskillsandknowledgeofspecialistnursingor

communityhealthcare.Theirprescriptionsmustbebasedonexistingdiagnoses（診斷）madeby

physicians.

Tobecomeanursingspecialist,applicantsshouldhaveabachelor'sdegreeinnursing,fiveyears

ofworkingexperience,obtainedanadvancednursingqualificationandhaveattendeda

months-longspecialisttrainingprogramandpassedafinaltest.

“Medicalinstitutionsmustreviewinappropriateprescriptionsgivenbynurses,saidtheregulation.

“Nursingspecialistswhoarefoundtohavegiventhreeormoreimproperprescriptionswillhave

theirprescribingpowerstoppedforthreetosixmonthsandwillhavetoundergoretrainingbefore

regainingtheauthorization,itadded.

""Consideringthedifferenceinprofessionalpositioning,medicaleducationbackgroundandwork

experiencebetweenphysiciansandnurses,itisnecessarytofullyanalyzethenecessityand

practicabilityofthenurses'prescriptiveauthority/thecommissionsaid.

ZhouWensihasabachelor'sdegreeinnursingandisnowaspecialistnurseinperiodontitis（牙周

炎）,orgumdisease,atShenzhenStomatologyHospitalinthecity'sPingshandistrict.

“Ourhospitalhasnotbegunallowingustoprescribe.Iftherulegoesintoeffectinthefuture,

we'lllikelybeabletodirectlyprescribemouthwash,anti-inflammatorydrugsandpainkillersto

patients,shesaid.

However,shealsonotedthatmostpatientsvisitingthehospitalareinneedoftreatment

deliveredbydoctorswithassistancefromnurseslikeher,sothenewregulationisnotexpectedto

haveamajorimpact.

8.WhydoesShenzhengivepermissionforspecialistnurses'specialrights?

A.Toimprovetheoverallabilityofthespecialistnurses.

B.Tospeedupthedevelopmentofthehealthcaresystem.

C.Toenhancetheworkefficiencyandlightendoctors5load.

D.Torespondtothedemandsofdoctors,nursesandpatients.

9.Whatdoestheword"eligible“underlinedinthesecondparagraphreferto?

A.well-recognizedB.QualifiedC.flexibleD.hard-working

10.Whatdowelearnaboutthenewregulation?

A.Aspecialistnurseshouldfollowtherulesstrictly.

B.Noinstitutionstakechargeoftheprescriptions.

C.Notallspecialistnursescanprescribedrugsfreely.

D.Aspecialistnursealwayshastheprescribingpower.

11.WhatisZhouWensi9sattitudetowardtheprospectofnurses'prescribingdrugs?

A.Doubtful.B.Indifferent.C.Neutral.D.Hopeful.

K答案』8.C9.B10.A11.A

【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了為了提高醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)的工作效率和減輕醫(yī)生

的負擔，深圳市允許專科護士為病人開處方。

【8題詳析】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的"amovethatisexpectedtoincreaseefficienciesinthehealthcare

systemandreducethepatient-loadburdenonphysicians（此舉有望提高醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)的效率，減輕醫(yī)

生的病人負擔）”可知，深圳給予?？谱o士特殊權(quán)利是為提高工作效率，減輕醫(yī)生的負擔。故

選C。

【9題詳析】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“eligiblenurseswillbepermittedtoorderexaminations,treatments

consideringtheirexpertskillsandknowledgeofspecialistnursingorcommunityhealthcare（.......

的護士將被允許根據(jù)自己的專業(yè)技能和專科護理或社區(qū)醫(yī)療知識來安排檢查和治療）”可知，

能夠被允許為病人檢查和治療的護士應該是有著相應的專業(yè)技能和專科護理或社區(qū)醫(yī)療知

識的，即有資質(zhì)的護士，因此劃線詞意為“有資格的”，故選B。

【10題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Tobecomeanursingspecialist,applicantsshouldhaveabachelor's

degreeinnursing,fiveyearsofworkingexperience,obtainedanadvancednursingqualification

andhaveattendedamonths-longspecialisttrainingprogramandpassedafinaltest.（要成為一名

護理專家，申請人應該擁有護理學士學位，五年的工作經(jīng)驗，獲得高級護理資格，參加為期

數(shù)月的專業(yè)培訓計劃，并通過最終考試。戶可知，專業(yè)護士應該嚴格遵守規(guī)定。故選A。

【11題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“However,shealsonotedthatmostpatientsvisitingthehospital

areinneedoftreatmentdeliveredbydoctorswithassistancefromnurseslikeher,sothenew

regulationisnotexpectedtohaveamajorimpact（然而，她也指出，大多數(shù)來醫(yī)院就診的病人

都需要醫(yī)生在她這樣的護士的幫助下進行治療，因此新規(guī)定預計不會產(chǎn)生重大影響。）”可知，

周文思認為新規(guī)不會對護士的工作產(chǎn)生較大的影響，因此周文思對護士開處方的前景持質(zhì)疑

態(tài)度。故選A。

D

IntherichcountriesoftheWest,theelectricvehiclerevolutioniswellunderway.

Climate-consciousconsumersdriveTeslasorPolestarsforreasonsofmoralityandfashion.Poorer

countriesarealsoexperiencingawaveofelectrifiedtrend.InBangladesh,electricthree-wheeler

taxis,knownastuk-tuks,arerapidlyreplacinggas-poweredonesonthestreets.Suchelectric

vehiclesareclimatefriendly,costeffective,andhelpreduceairpollution.

Yetaglanceunderthehood（弓I擎蓋）ofthesevehiclesrevealsapoisonoussecret:eachtuk-tuk

runsonfivemassivelead-acidbatteries,containingalmost300poundsofleadintotal.Everyyear

andahalforso,whenthosebatteriesneedtobereplacedandrecycled,about60poundsoflead

leakintotheenvironment.Batteryrecycling,oftenatsmall-scaleunregulatedfactories,isahighly

profitablebutdeadlybusiness.

Leadisdangerous,andanyexposuretoitisharmfultohumanhealth.Leadthathasenteredthe

environmenthurtspeopleonanextraordinaryscale.Thenumerouswaysleadentersair,water,soil,

andhomesacrossthedevelopingworld-andtheenormousdamageitdoestohumanhealth,

wealth,andwelfare——causesoneofthebiggestenvironmentalcrisesintheworldyetreceives

littleattention.

TheWorldBankestimatesthatleadkills5.5millionpeopleperyear,whichwouldmakeita

biggerglobalkillerthanAIDS,malaria,diabetes,androadtrafficdeathscombined.Ontopofthe

shockingdeaths,thesocialburdenofleadpoisoningisextraordinary,asisitscontributionto

globalinequality-ourresearchonthecognitiveeffectsofleadpoisoningsuggeststhatitmay

explainaboutone-fifthoftheeducationalachievementgapbetweenrichandpoorcountries.

Butunlikemanychallengesfacedbydevelopingcountries,leadpoisoningisaproblemthatis

fixablewithsomeattentionandarelativelymodestfinancialinvestment.Bettermonitoring,

research,andrulescanhelpprotectchildrenallovertheworldfromthedreadfuleffectsoflead

poisoningandreducethemassiveglobalcostsitbrings.

12.Howdoestheauthordescribetheleadprobleminparagraph2?

A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Byanalyzinghiddencauses.

C.Bylistingconvincingnumbers.D.Byexplainingitsworkingprinciple.

13.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Leadentersrichcountriesinvariousways.

B.Leadpoisoningmaymakepoorsocietiespoorer.

C.Exposuretoleaddoesn'tnecessarilyharmsomeone.

D.Leadleakinghascausedgreatpanicinbothcountries.

14.Whatcanbedonetosolveleadpoisoningindevelopingcountries?

A.Fixingtheseusedbatteries.B.Puttingcertaineffortandmoney.

C.Prohibitingtheillegaluseoflead.D.Reducingthecostofrecyclinglead.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheImpactsofLeadPoisoningonHumanHealth

B.TheOutcomesofUsingElectricVehicles

C.TheWaystoSolveLeadProblem

D.TheGlobalLeadPoisoningCrisis

K答案U12.C13.B14.B15.D

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要闡述了目前全球都在發(fā)展環(huán)保節(jié)能的電動汽車，

但是鉛酸電池中的鉛是危險的，任何接觸都對人體健康，鉛中毒給人類健康、財富和福利造

成的巨大損害，不僅造成死亡還帶來極大的社會負擔。

【12題詳析】

推理判斷題。第二段中“Yetaglanceunderthehood（引擎蓋）ofthesevehiclesrevealsa

poisonoussecret:eachtuk-tukrunsonfivemassivelead-acidbatteries,containingalmost300

poundsofleadintotal.Everyyearandahalforso,whenthosebatteriesneedtobereplacedand

recycled,about60poundsofleadleakintotheenvironment.Batteryrecycling,oftenat

small-scaleunregulatedfactories,isahighlyprofitablebutdeadlybusiness.（然而，只要看一眼

這些車輛的引擎蓋，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個有毒的秘密：每輛嘟嘟車都是由五塊巨大的鉛酸電池驅(qū)動

的，總共含有近300磅的鉛。每一年半左右，當這些電池需要更換和回收時，大約有60磅

的鉛泄漏到環(huán)境中。電池回收通常在不受監(jiān)管的小型工廠進行，這是一項高利潤但致命的業(yè)

務(wù)。）”作者通過用具體數(shù)字列出嘟嘟車鉛酸電池中鉛的量來說明目前所面臨的鉛污染問題；

由此可知，作者通過列出令人信服的數(shù)字來說明目前的鉛問題。故選C。

【13題詳析】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thenumerouswaysleadentersair,water,soil,andhomesacrossthe

developingworld—andtheenormousdamageitdoestohumanhealth,wealth,andwelfare—

causesoneofthebiggestenvironmentalcrisesintheworldyetreceiveslittleattention.（在發(fā)展中

國家，鉛以多種方式進入空氣、水、土壤和家庭一以及它對人類健康、財富和福利造成的

巨大損害——造成了世界上最大的環(huán)境危機之一，但卻很少受到關(guān)注。）”以及第四段中“On

topoftheshockingdeaths,thesocialburdenofleadpoisoningisextraordinary,asisits

contributiontoglobalinequality—ourresearchonthecognitiveeffectsofleadpoisoning

suggeststhatitmayexplainaboutone-fifthoftheeducationalachievementgapbetweenrichand

poorcountries.（除了令人震驚的死亡之外，鉛中毒的社會負擔是巨大的，就像它對全球不平

等的貢獻一樣——我們對鉛中毒的認知影響的研究表明，它可以解釋富國和窮國之間教育成

就差距的五分之一。）”可知，在發(fā)展中國家，鉛以多種方式進入空氣、水、土壤和家庭，對

人類健康、財富和福利造成的巨大損害，不僅造成死亡還帶來極大的社會負擔，使貧窮的社

會更貧窮。故選B。

【14題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Butunlikemanychallengesfacedbydevelopingcountries,lead

poisoningisaproblemthatisfixablewithsomeattentionandarelativelymodestfinancial

investment.Bettermonitoring,research,andrulescanhelpprotectchildrenallovertheworld

fromthedreadfuleffectsofleadpoisoningandreducethemassiveglobalcostsitbrings.（但是，與

發(fā)展中國家面臨的許多挑戰(zhàn)不同，鉛中毒是一個可以通過一些關(guān)注和相對適度的財政投資來

解決的問題。更好的監(jiān)測、研究和規(guī)則可以幫助保護世界各地的兒童免受鉛中毒的可怕影響，

并減少其帶來的巨大全球成本。）”可知，發(fā)展中國家可以通過一些關(guān)注和相對適度的財政投

資，進行更好的監(jiān)測、研究以及制定規(guī)則來解決鉛污染和鉛中毒問題；由此可知，發(fā)展中國

家可以通過投入一定的努力和金錢解決鉛中毒問題。故選B。

【15題詳析】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“IntherichcountriesoftheWest,theelectricvehiclerevolutionis

wellunderway.Climate-consciousconsumersdriveTeslasorPolestarsforreasonsofmoralityand

fashion.Poorercountriesarealsoexperiencingawaveofelectrifiedtrend.（在西方富裕國家，電

動汽車革命正在如火如荼地進行。有氣候意識的消費者出于道德和時尚的原因駕駛特斯拉或

北極星。較貧窮的國家也正在經(jīng)歷一波電氣化趨勢。）”以及第二段“Yetaglanceunderthehood

（弓I擎蓋）ofthesevehiclesrevealsapoisonoussecret:eachtuk-tukrunsonfivemassivelead-acid

batteries,containingalmost300poundsofleadintotal.Everyyearandahalforso,whenthose

batteriesneedtobereplacedandrecycled,about60poundsofleadleakintotheenvironment.

Batteryrecycling,oftenatsmall-scaleunregulatedfactories,isahighlyprofitablebutdeadly

business.（然而，只要看一眼這些車輛的引擎蓋，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個有毒的秘密：每輛嘟嘟車都是

由五塊巨大的鉛酸電池驅(qū)動的，總共含有近300磅的鉛。每一年半左右，當這些電池需要更

換和回收時，大約有60磅的鉛泄漏到環(huán)境中。電池回收通常在不受監(jiān)管的小型工廠進行，

這是一項高利潤但致命的業(yè)務(wù)。）”可知，全球都在發(fā)展電動汽車，經(jīng)歷電氣化，但是鉛酸電

池中的鉛是危險的；下文主要闡述了鉛中毒給社會和健康帶來的極大危害；由此可知，文章

主要講述目前發(fā)展電動汽車帶來的鉛污染問題、世界上鉛中毒的嚴峻形勢及其給社會和健康

帶來的極大危害；D選項“TheGlobalLeadPoisoningCrisis（全球鉛中毒危機）”能夠概括文章

主旨，適合作為最佳標題。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12?5分）

閱讀短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Dogsbarkateachotherforavarietyofreasons,accordingtoTrevorSmith,adogtrainer.4tBut

mainly,9,hesays,“dogsusebarkingastheirprimarycommunicationtooltoexpresstheirneeds/5

Itmaybeespeciallydifficultwhentheybarkattheirfellowfour-leggedfriends-whichbegsthe

question:16

TheyAreFeelingAnxious

Yourdogmaybeanxiousbynature,andbeingaroundotherdogsmayheightenhissensitivity.

Andhemayrespondwithhisprimarycommunicationtool:barking.17Butwithtimeand

patience,mostdog-barkingissuescanbemanaged.

18

Adogmaybarkatotherdogstotrytoengageinplay.He'sessentiallycallingtheotherdog,trying

togetittojoininthefun.Ifyou'reatthedogparkandknowyourdoggenerallyplayswellwith

others,nowisthetimetosethimfreesohecanengageinsomepositiveplaytime.

TheyAreBeingAngry

Adogthatbarksatotherdogsmayormaynotevergettothepointwherehecanplaywithother

dogs.19Othersjustaren'tfriendlywithotherdogs.

Ifyourdog'sfacialexpression,tailpositionandbarkingshowhe'sfeelingplayful,thesolutionto

stoppinghimfrombarkingmaybetolethimplayorsocializewithotherpupsinanenvironment

wherehefeelssafe.20'"Throughconsistentlypositiveinformation,yourfurryfriendwill

learnwhichbehaviorsarerewarded,avoidthosethatreceivenorewardsandbecomecomfortable

insituationswheretheyencounterthedisruptingstimuli.^^

A.TheyAreBeingPlayful.

B.TheyAreFeelingOptimistic.

C.howcanwesatisfytheirdemands?

D.whyexactlydodogsb