湖南省長沙市師范大學附屬中學2024屆高三下學期模擬考試（一）英語試卷 含解析

第1頁/共1頁湖南師大附中2024屆模擬試卷(一)英語注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthewoman’ssuggestion?A.Gotothecastleinanothercity.B.Visitthemuseum.C.Visitthecitybybus.2.Whoisthewomancomplainingabout?A.Herteacher.B.Herkid.C.Herhusband.3.Howistheweathernow?A.Cloudy.B.Sunny.C.Rainy.4.Whatmadethenoiselastnight?A.Abomb.B.Atire.C.Alight.5.WhyisJaneupset?A.Shegotaparkingticket.B.Hercarstoppedworking.C.Shefoundnoparkingspace.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whichdaydoesthemanwanttheticketsfor?A.Today.B.Tomorrow.C.Friday.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Orderhisticketsbyphone.B.Gotoanotherticketoffice.C.Buyaticketforthewoman.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomanworryabout?A.Displayingherworks.B.Changingherdesignstyle.C.Meetingafamousdesigner.9.Whohasinspiredthewoman’sworkmost?A.ChristianDior.B.GuoPei.C.CocoChanel.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whendidthemanfinishhiswork?A.Atnight.B.Duringthelunchbreak.C.Intheafternoon.11.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodotonight?A.Writeanessay.B.Teachherhistory.C.Stopplayingthepiano.12.Howmightthewomanfeelabouttheman’splayingthepiano?A.Upset.B.Thankful.C.Curious.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Fatherandson.C.Friends.14.WhatisHarry’sfatherresponsiblefor?A.Carinsurance.B.Healthinsurance.C.Businessinsurance.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisanexpertincars.B.Sheisagreenhandindriving.C.Sheisafanofsportscars.16.WhichwordcanbestdescribeHarry?A.Considerate.B.Tolerant.C.Ambitious.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdoesthevoiceguideprovide?A.Directionstoeachroom.B.Descriptionsofexhibits.C.Schedulesforkeyevents.18.Howmanyexhibitionroomsarethereinthemuseum?A.7.B.15.C.50.19.Whatlanguagecouldvisitorschooseforavoiceguide?A.OnlyEnglish.B.Anylanguage.C.Oneoutofsevenprovided.20.Whatgiftcanavoiceguideuserget?A.Alistofviewedexhibits.B.Ane-bookaboutthemuseum.C.Apictureofapopularexhibit.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheSydneyRoyalEasterShowwillbeheldover12daysfromFriday,22MarchtoTuesday,2April,2024atSydneyOlympicPark.ThisyeartheShowisheldoutsideofschoolholidayssoweekendsareexpectedtobebusy,particularlytheEasterLongWeekend(Friday,29MarchtoMonday,1April).Visitingonaweekdaytoavoidthelargestcrowdsishighlysuggested,especiallyifyou’revisitingwithyoungchildren.Transport:TicketstotheEasterShowincludeevententryandtravelonpublictransport.Avoidthetrafficdelaysandcatchpublictransportinstead.Expressandlimited-stoptrainswillruntoOlympicParkfromCentralandWesternLinestationsonweekendswithsomeadditionalservicesonweekdays.SydneyOlympicParkMajorEventBuseswillruneachdayoftheEasterShowwithreturnbusesbetweenOlympicParkandthetrainstationfromearlymorninguntilaround3pmandfrom7pmuntil10:30pmeachnight.Buseswillrunevery10to20minutes,andtimetablesvaryonweekdaysandweekends.TrackworkwillcontinueduringtheShowandmayaffectyourtripbytrainormetro,dependingonwhereyouaretravellingfrom,soplanaheadbeforeleavinghome.GettingaroundiseasywiththeOpalTravelapp.TheOpalTravelappistheofficialTransportforNSWapptohelpyougetaroundpublictransport.Youcanplanyourtrips,checkyourtravelactivitiesandfares,topuponthegoandmore.MajorEvents:Friday,22March—NetballatKenRosewallArenafrom1pm—2:30pmSaturday,23March—JokerXueatQudosBankArenafrom8pm—9:30pmSunday,24March—NetballatKenRosewallArenafrom4pm—6pmFriday,29March—NRL:BulldogsvRabbitohsatAccorStadiumfrom7:30pm—9:30pmSaturday,30March—$UICIEBOY$atQudosBankArenafrom7:30pm—10pmFormoreinformationoneventsintheprecinct,visitWhat’sonatSydneyOlympicPark.1.Whatisthebestrecommendedtimeforvisitingtheshow?A.Schoolholidays. B.Weekends. C.Weekdays. D.Longweekends.2.Whichday’smajoreventisinaccessibletothebusservices?A.Friday,22March. B.Sunday,24March. C.Friday,29March. D.Saturday,30March.3.WhatistheMAINbenefitofusingtheOpalTravelapp?A.Itoffersconvenientbalancerecharging. B.Itoffersadiscountforyourtransport.C.Itoffersroadconditioninformation. D.Itoffersnavigationservicestothepark.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【導語】本文為一篇應用文，介紹了悉尼皇家復活節(jié)秀的交通方式及活動信息?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段“Visitingonaweekdaytoavoidthelargestcrowdsishighlysuggested,especiallyifyou’revisitingwithyoungchildren.(強烈建議在工作日參觀，以避免最擁擠的人群，特別是如果你帶著小孩參觀)”可知，復活節(jié)秀推薦參與時間為工作日。故選C。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據Transport中關鍵句“SydneyOlympicParkMajorEventBuseswillruneachdayoftheEasterShowwithreturnbusesbetweenOlympicParkandthetrainstationfromearlymorninguntilaround3pm,andfrom7pmuntil10:30pmeachnight.(悉尼奧林匹克公園大型活動巴士將在復活節(jié)期間每天運行，往返于奧林匹克公園和火車站之間的巴士從早上到下午3點左右，從晚上7點到晚上10點半)”及MajorEvents部分“Sunday,24March—NetballatKenRosewallArenafrom4pm—6pm(3月24日，周日——下午4點至6點在肯·羅斯沃爾球館舉行的籃球賽)”可知，巴士在下午3點到晚上7點之間停止服務，Sunday,24March（3月24日周日）的活動在下午4-6點進行，無法乘巴士到達。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據Transport中關鍵句“TheOpalTravelappistheofficialTransportforNSWapptohelpyougetaroundpublictransport.Youcanplanyourtrips,checkyourtravelactivitiesandfares,topuponthegoandmore.(澳寶旅游應用程序是新南威爾士州官方交通應用程序，可以幫助您繞過公共交通工具。你可以計劃你的旅行，檢查你的旅行活動和票價，在旅途中充值等等)”可知，該應用可以隨時充值余額。故選A。BGrowingupinasmallvillageinGhana,OseiBoatengwatchedmanyofhisfamilymembersandneighborsstruggletoaccessbasichealthcare.Inmanyregionsofthecountry,itcantakehourstogettothenearesthospital.“Mygrandmotherwasaverybigpartofmylife,”saidBoateng.“Itwasveryhardwhenwelosther,anditwasduetosomethingthatcouldhavebeeneasilyprevented.Thatisthepainfulpartofit.”Feelinganurgentcalltohelp,Boatengdecidedhewouldmakeithislife’smissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhana.Hestartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation,andin2021,heconvertedavanintoamobiledoctor’sofficecalledtheHopeHealthVanandstartedbringinghealthcaredirectlytothoseinneed.Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancestoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovideroutinemedicalcareforfree.Oneachtrip,Boateng’steamconsistsofanurse,aphysician’sassistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkandurinalysisaswellasprescribeandprovidemedications.Sinceitslaunch,BoatengsaystheHopeHealthVanhasservedmorethan4,000Ghanaiansacrossmorethan45ruralcommunitieswhootherwisedon’thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcare.Boatenghasbigplansforthefuture.Hehopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.HehasgoneallinonhisOKBHopeFoundation,recentlyquittinghisjobtodedicatehistimetobringinghealthcaretohishomecountry.Butforhim,thesacrificesarewellworththereward.4.WhyisBoateng’sgrandmothermentioned?A.Toshowhisdeeplove. B.Tohighlightthepoorhealthcare.C.Tocallforequality. D.Toblamethegovernment.5.Whatcannotpatientsgetinthevan?A.Routinemedicalchecks. B.Prescribedmedicine.C.Minoroperations. D.Mentaltherapy.6.WhatcanbestdescribeBoateng?A.Conservativeandcautious. B.Selflessandrisky.C.Caringandtolerant. D.Devotedandambitious.7.What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.HopelesshealthcareinGhana B.NonprofitorganizationsboominginGhanaC.Doctor’sofficeonwheels D.Empoweringmedicalschools【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了Boateng開辦OKB希望基金會，通過移動診所的形式拯救生命的原因，以及該基金會的影響?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段中“GrowingupinasmallvillageinGhana,OseiBoatengwatchedmanyofhisfamilymembersandneighborsstruggletoaccessbasichealthcare.Inmanyregionsofthecountry,itcantakehourstogettothenearesthospital.(OseiBoateng在加納的一個小村莊長大，他目睹了他的許多家庭成員和鄰居為獲得基本醫(yī)療保健而苦苦掙扎。在該國的許多地區(qū)，去最近的醫(yī)院可能需要幾個小時)”和““Itwasveryhardwhenwelosther,anditwasduetosomethingthatcouldhavebeeneasilyprevented.Thatisthepainfulpartofit.”(我們失去她的時候非常難過，這是因為一些事情本可以輕易預防。這是痛苦的部分)”可知，提及Boateng的奶奶是想強調Ghana基礎醫(yī)療條件不好，很多本可以容易治愈的疾病奪走人們的性命。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancestoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovideroutinemedicalcareforfree.Oneachtrip,Boateng’steamconsistsofanurse,aphysician’sassistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkandurinalysisaswellasprescribeandprovidemedications.(流動診所和醫(yī)療隊每周有幾次長途前往加納的偏遠社區(qū)，免費提供常規(guī)醫(yī)療服務。每次旅行，Boateng的團隊都由一名護士、一名醫(yī)生助理、一名醫(yī)師和一名手術助理組成。在面包車里，他們可以進行血液檢查和尿液分析等基本實驗室，也可以開處方和提供藥物)”可知，病人在面包車里可以得到常規(guī)醫(yī)療檢查、被開處方藥和小手術，不能得到心理治療。故選D項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。由第二段中“Feelinganurgentcalltohelp,Boatengdecidedhewouldmakeithislife’smissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhana.Hestartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation,andin2021,heconvertedavanintoamobiledoctor’sofficecalledtheHopeHealthVanandstartedbringinghealthcaredirectlytothoseinneed.(Boateng感到有人迫切需要幫助，他決定將為加納的偏遠社區(qū)提供醫(yī)療保健作為自己一生的使命。他創(chuàng)辦了自己的非營利組織OKB希望基金會，并于2021年將一輛面包車改裝成了一個名為“希望健康車”的流動醫(yī)生辦公室，并開始將醫(yī)療保健直接帶給那些需要幫助的人)”和最后一段中“Boatenghasbigplansforthefuture.Hehopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.HehasgoneallinonhisOKBHopeFoundation,recentlyquittinghisjobtodedicatehistimetobringinghealthcaretohishomecountry.(Boateng對未來有著宏偉的計劃。他希望擴大范圍，不僅為生活在加納偏遠地區(qū)的人，也為其他國家的人提供更一致、更高質量的醫(yī)療服務。他全力支持他的OKB希望基金會，最近辭去了工作，把時間花在為祖國帶來醫(yī)療保健上)”可知，Boateng提供免費醫(yī)療服務，最后一段提到了主人公的遠大抱負，并辭職全力投入，說明Boateng是一個專心致志，雄心勃勃的人。故選D項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。由第二段中“Feelinganurgentcalltohelp,Boatengdecidedhewouldmakeithislife’smissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhana.Hestartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation,andin2021,heconvertedavanintoamobiledoctor’sofficecalledtheHopeHealthVanandstartedbringinghealthcaredirectlytothoseinneed.(Boateng感到有人迫切需要幫助，他決定將為加納的偏遠社區(qū)提供醫(yī)療保健作為自己一生的使命。他創(chuàng)辦了自己的非營利組織OKB希望基金會，并于2021年將一輛面包車改裝成了一個名為“希望健康車”的流動醫(yī)生辦公室，并開始將醫(yī)療保健直接帶給那些需要幫助的人)”和其他內容可知，文章講述Boateng返鄉(xiāng)，開辦OKBHopeFoundation通過“希望健康車”的流動醫(yī)生辦公室提供免費醫(yī)療服務，C項“車上的醫(yī)生辦公室”適合作為標題。故選C項。CIfyou’reeatingprotein(蛋白質),youcouldbeswallowinghundredsoftinypiecesofplasticeachyear,researchfinds.AnewstudybyresearcherswiththenonprofitOceanConservancyandtheUniversityofTorontofoundmicroplastics—tinyparticlesrangingfromonemicrometertoahalf-centimeterinsize—innearly90percentofproteinfoodsamplestested.TheresearchersanalyzedmorethanadozendifferenttypesofcommonproteinsthatcouldwindupontheaverageAmerican’splate,includingseafood,pork,beef,chicken,tofuandseveralplant-basedmeatalternatives.TheyestimatedthatanAmericanadultcouldconsume,onaverage,atleast11,000microplasticpiecesperyear.Thestudy’sfindingsprovidefurtherevidenceoftheavailabilityofsmallplasticparticles—whichhavebeendiscoveredeverywherefromAntarcticsnowtoinsidehumanbodies—andhowtheycanendupinthefoodweeatandthewaterwedrink.“Whilewestillreallydon’thaveanyideawhatthehumanhealthconsequencesofthisare,ifthereareanyatall,weneedtotakethisseriouslybecausethisisaproblemthat’snotgoingawayonitsown,andit’sonlygoingtogetworsethemoreplasticweuseandthrowaway,”Leonardsaid.ButLeonardandotherexpertscautionedagainstusingthefindingstodrawfinalconclusionsabouthowmicroplasticscandirtyfoodandtheamountofplasticthatcouldbehidinginproteins.Thestudy’ssamplesizewasnotbigenoughandtheresearchersnotedthattherewashighvariabilityinmicroplasticconcentrationsinthesamples.Theresearchersalsoonlycountedmicroplasticparticlesthatwerelargerthanorequalinsizeto45micrometers.“Itjusthighlightsthatweneedtodomoreresearch,”saidBiancaDatta,afoodscientistnotinvolvedinthenewresearch.8.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thenatureofplasticparticles. B.Theresearchers’discovery.C.Thevarietyoffoodsonadiningtable. D.Theconclusionoftheresearch.9.WhatisLeonard’sattitudetowardsthefindings?A.Cautious. B.Critical. C.Confident. D.Concerned.10.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthelastparagraph?A.Toshowthelimitationoftheresearch.B.Tohighlightthedangerofmicroplasticconcentrations.C.Toappealforenvironmentalprotection.D.Tostresstheurgencyofthestudy.11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle?A.Stayawayfromplastics B.PossibleeffectsoffoodprocessingC.Youmaybeeatingplastics D.Apoisonedfoodsystem【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【導語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了研究表明，我們日常生活飲食可能會讓我們攝入大量的微塑料?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第三段“TheresearchersanalyzedmorethanadozendifferenttypesofcommonproteinsthatcouldwindupontheaverageAmerican’splate,includingseafood,pork,beef,chicken,tofuandseveralplant-basedmeatalternatives.TheyestimatedthatanAmericanadultcouldconsume,onaverage,atleast11,000microplasticpiecesperyear.(研究人員分析了十幾種不同類型的常見蛋白質，這些蛋白質最終可能出現(xiàn)在普通美國人的盤子里，包括海鮮、豬肉、牛肉、雞肉、豆腐和幾種植物性肉類替代品。他們估計，一個美國成年人平均每年至少會攝入1.1萬個微塑料碎片)”可知，本段主要介紹了這項研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第五段““Whilewestillreallydon’thaveanyideawhatthehumanhealthconsequencesofthisare,ifthereareanyatall,weneedtotakethisseriouslybecausethisisaproblemthat’snotgoingawayonitsown,andit’sonlygoingtogetworsethemoreplasticweuseandthrowaway,”Leonardsaid.(倫納德說：“雖然我們仍然不知道這對人類健康有什么影響，如果有的話，我們需要認真對待，因為這是一個不會自行消失的問題，而且我們使用和扔掉的塑料越多，情況只會變得更糟?！?”可知，Leonard對于這項發(fā)現(xiàn)的態(tài)度是擔憂的。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Thestudy’ssamplesizewasnotbigenoughandtheresearchersnotedthattherewashighvariabilityinmicroplasticconcentrationsinthesamples.Theresearchersalsoonlycountedmicroplasticparticlesthatwerelargerthanorequalinsizeto45micrometers.“Itjusthighlightsthatweneedtodomoreresearch,”saidBiancaDatta,afoodscientistnotinvolvedinthenewresearch.(該研究的樣本量不夠大，研究人員指出，樣品中的微塑料濃度存在很大的可變性。研究人員還只統(tǒng)計了尺寸大于或等于45微米的微塑料顆粒。沒有參與這項新研究的食品科學家比安卡·達塔說：“這只是突出表明我們需要做更多的研究?！?”可知，文章最后一段是為了說明研究的局限性。故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據全文內容尤其是第一段“Ifyou’reeatingprotein(蛋白質),youcouldbeswallowinghundredsoftinypiecesofplasticeachyear,researchfinds.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果你吃蛋白質，你每年可能會吞下數百塊小塑料)”可知，本文介紹了我們日常生活飲食可能會讓我們攝入大量的微塑料，C選項“你可能在吃塑料”適合作為本文標題。故選C。DThedaysofhavingadictionaryonyourbookshelfarenumbered.Butthat’sOK,becauseeveryonealreadywalksaroundwithadictionary—nottheoneonyourphone,buttheoneinyourhead.Justlikeaphysicaldictionary,yourmentaldictionarycontainsinformationaboutwords.Thisincludestheletters,soundsandmeaning,orsemantics,ofwords,aswellasinformationaboutpartsofspeechandhowyoucanfitwordstogethertoformgrammaticalsentences.Whileaphysicaldictionaryishelpfulforsharedknowledge,yourpersonalmentaldictionaryiscustomizedbasedonyourindividualexperiences.Whatwordsareinyourmentaldictionarymightoverlapwiththementaldictionaryofsomeoneelsewhoalsospeaksthesamelanguage,buttherewillalsobealotofdifferencesbetweenthecontentofyourdictionaries.Youaddwordstoyourmentaldictionarythroughyoureducational,occupational,culturalandotherlifeexperiences.Thiscustomizationalsomeansthatthesizeofmentaldictionariesisalittlebitdifferentfrompersontopersonandvariesbyage.Researchersfoundthattheaverage20-year-oldAmericanEnglishspeakerknowsabout42,000uniquewords,andthisnumbergrowstoabout48,000byage60.Somepeoplewillhaveevenlargervocabularies.However,yourmentaldictionarycan’tbelikeaphysicaldictionarysinceitisdynamicandquicklyaccessed.Yourbrain’sabilitytoretrieveawordisveryfast.Inonestudy,researchersmappedthetimecourseofwordretrievalamong24collegestudentsbyrecordingtheirbrainactivitieswhiletheynamedpictures.Theyfoundevidencethatparticipantsselectedwordswithin200millisecondsofseeingtheimage.Afterwordselection,theirbrainscontinuedtoprocessinformationaboutthatword,likewhatsoundsareneededtosaythatchosenwordandignoringrelatedwords.Thisiswhyyoucanretrievewordswithsuchspeedinreal-timeconversations,oftensoquicklythatyougivelittleconsciousattentiontothatprocess.Thenexttimeyouhaveaconversationwithsomeone,takeamomenttoreflectonwhyyouchosethespecificwordsyoudid.Rememberthatthewordsyouuseandthementaldictionaryyouhavearepartofwhatmakeyouandyourvoiceunique.12.Inparagraph2,theauthorexplains“mentaldictionary”by________.A.makingcomparisons B.analyzinginfluencesC.drawingconclusions D.offeringassumptions13.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A.People’svocabularywillpeakattheageof60.B.Thecontentofone’smentaldictionaryisinherited.C.Careershaveanimpactonthesizeofamentaldictionary.D.NativeEnglishspeakerssharethesamementaldictionaries.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retrieve”meaninparagraph4?A.Revise. B.Reacquire. C.Retell. D.Represent.15.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewithmost?A.Peopleareawareofthewordchoosingprocess. B.Thinktwicebeforewhattosayinaconversation.C.Printdictionarieswillbereplacedbymentalones. D.Ourchoicesofvocabularyprobablytellwhoweare.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了心理詞典與實體詞典的區(qū)別以及心理詞典的特點?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段段首句“Justlikeaphysicaldictionary,yourmentaldictionarycontainsinformationaboutwords.”（就像實體詞典一樣，你的心理詞典也包含有關單詞的信息。）以及段尾句“Whileaphysicaldictionaryishelpfulforsharedknowledge,yourpersonalmentaldictionaryiscustomizedbasedonyourindividualexperiences.”（雖然實體詞典有助于分享知識，但你的個人心理詞典是根據你的個人經驗定制的。）可知，作者通過比較心理詞典和實體字典來解釋mentaldictionary的具體含義，故選A項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Youaddwordstoyourmentaldictionarythroughyoureducational,occupational,culturalandotherlifeexperiences.”（你通過自己的教育、職業(yè)、文化和其他生活經歷將單詞添加到你的心理詞典中）可知，職業(yè)對于心理詞典的容量大小有影響。故選C項?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據上文“However,yourmentaldictionarycan’tbelikeaphysicaldictionarysinceitisdynamicandquicklyaccessed.”（然而，你的心理詞典不能像實體詞典一樣，因為它是動態(tài)的和快速訪問的）和“Theyfoundevidencethatparticipantsselectedwordswithin200millisecondsofseeingtheimage.”（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)有證據表明，參與者在看到圖像后200毫秒內選擇了單詞）可知，你的大腦恢復單詞的能力非?？臁Ｋ詣澗€詞的意思是“重新獲得”。故選B項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段段尾句“Rememberthatthewordsyouuseandthementaldictionaryyouhavearepartofwhatmakeyouandyourvoiceunique.”（記住，你所使用的詞匯和你所擁有的心理詞典是使你和你的聲音獨一無二的部分）可知，“人們的說話用詞是展現(xiàn)個體獨特性的一個方面”，說明我們對詞匯的選擇可能會告訴我們自己是誰。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。PEERPRESSUREHaveyoueverbeenforcedtodoanything?Haveyoueverfeltthatyouareinatightcornerbecauseofsomeone’scomment?____16____Peerpressureistheinfluenceasocialgrouphasonhimorher.____17____Weallwanttobepartofagroupandfeellikewebelongtoourcommunity.Peerpressurecanhappenwhenweareinfluencedtodosomethingthatwewouldnotusuallydobecausewewanttobeacceptedbyourpeers.Childrenandyoungadultsfeelsocialpressuretobeinlinewiththepeergroup.Peerpressurecaninfluencehowpeopledress,howtheytalk,whatmusictheylistento,whatattitudestheyadoptandhowtheybehave.Teenagerswanttobeliked,tofitinandtobeaccepted.____18____Peoplewhoarelowinconfidenceandunsureofthemselvesmaybemorelikelytoseektheirpeers’approvalbygoingalongwithriskysuggestionsorchoosingthe“wrong”path.Studentscandoalottoavoidpeerpressure.Themostimportantthingistobuildupself-confidence,sothatitiseasiertosay“no”tothepeergroup.____19____It’sagoodideaforteenstosurroundthemselveswithpositiverolemodels—peoplewhodon’tmakefunofthem,butacceptthemandareconfidentthemselves.It’salsoimportantforyoungpeopletothinkabouttheconsequencesoftheiractions.____20____Iftheystopandthinkabouttheconsequences,theymightmakeadifferentdecision.A.Whydoespeerpressurehappen?B.Teenscantalktoagrown-uptheytrust.C.Studentscandothisbychoosingtheirfriendswisely.D.Iftheygiveintopeerpressure,whatcouldbetheresult?E.Thismeanspeerpressurecanbepowerfulandhardtoresist.F.We’veallexperiencedthesituationslikethat—peerpressure.G.Weneedtorecognizewhenitispositiveandwhenitisnegative.【答案】16.F17.A18.E19.C20.D【解析】【導語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了什么是同輩壓力及如何處理同輩壓力?！?6題詳解】后文“Peerpressureistheinfluenceasocialgrouphasonhimorher.(同輩壓力是一個社會群體對他或她的影響)”提到了peerpressure“同輩壓力”的定義，前文用兩個問句介紹了“同輩壓力”帶來的感受，F(xiàn)選項“我們都經歷過類似的情況——同輩壓力”承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。【17題詳解】空處為本段首句，后文“Peerpressurecanhappenwhenweareinfluencedtodosomethingthatwewouldnotusuallydobecausewewanttobeacceptedbyourpeers.(當我們因為想要被同伴接受而被影響去做一些我們通常不會做的事情時，同伴壓力就會發(fā)生)”表示同輩壓力什么時候會發(fā)生，A選項“為什么會有同輩壓力”符合本段主旨，引出下文。故選A?！?8題詳解】前文“Peerpressurecaninfluencehowpeopledress,howtheytalk,whatmusictheylistento,whatattitudestheyadoptandhowtheybehave.Teenagerswanttobeliked,tofitinandtobeaccepted.(同輩壓力會影響人們的穿著、說話方式、聽什么音樂、采取什么態(tài)度以及行為方式。青少年希望被人喜歡，融入社會，被人接受)”表示同輩壓力如何影響別人，后文“Peoplewhoarelowinconfidenceandunsureofthemselvesmaybemorelikelytoseektheirpeers’approvalbygoingalongwithriskysuggestionsorchoosingthe“wrong”path.(缺乏自信和不自信的人更有可能通過接受有風險的建議或選擇“錯誤”的道路來尋求同伴的認可)”表示不自信的人會如何選擇認可，E選項“這意味著同伴壓力是強大的，難以抗拒的”中This指代前一句內容，表示同輩壓力影響力很大，同樣解釋了后文的原因。故選E?！?9題詳解】本段第一句話可知，本段介紹了避免同輩壓力的方法，由“Themostimportantthingistobuildupself-confidence,sothatitiseasiertosay“no”tothepeergroup.(最重要的是建立自信，這樣更容易對同齡人說“不”)”可知，此句表示要建立自信，后文“It’sagoodideaforteenstosurroundthemselveswithpositiverolemodels—peoplewhodon’tmakefunofthem,butacceptthemandareconfidentthemselves.(對青少年來說，讓他們周圍的人都是積極的榜樣是個好主意——這些人不會取笑他們，而是接受他們，對自己有信心)”表示尋找給自己帶來積極的朋友是重要的，C選項“學生可以通過明智地選擇朋友來做到這一點”與下文語境一致。故選C。【20題詳解】空前“It’salsoimportantforyoungpeopletothinkabouttheconsequencesoftheiractions.(對年輕人來說，考慮自己行為的后果也很重要)”為本段的第二個建議，結合后文“Iftheystopandthinkabouttheconsequences,theymightmakeadifferentdecision.(如果他們停下來想想后果，他們可能會做出不同的決定)”可知，D選項“如果他們屈服于同輩壓力，結果會是什么”表明了思考結果的可能性的例子，符合這一建議。故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ayoungvlogger,adeptat(擅于)sharinghumorandsincerity,risestofame,tacklingvarioustopicsandempoweringothersalongtheway,MengWenjiereports.“Ineverexpectedthevideotobeso____21____untilIclickedonit!”This____22____isfrequentlysharedbyviewersunderLahongsang’videos.Inher20s,Lahongsangisa(n)____23____vloggerwitheightyearsofexperience,whohashumorously____24____herlife.GrowingupintheInternetera,she____25____videorecordingandsocialmediasharing.In2016,asahighschooler,Lahongsangkickedoffher____26____ontheChineseplatformBilibili.“Duringthatsummer,Ifelt____27____oneday,soIdecidedtotrysomethingnovel,”sherecalled.Eventhoughherveryfirstvideo____28____professionalism,ithumorously____29____astudent’sambitionfortheupcomingsemester.Despiteloadsofschoolwork,Lahongsang____30____updatedhercontentwith____31____topicssuchasstudy,anime,andmakeup.“AsavloggerwheneverIencountersomethingworthrecording,Icaptureit,”shesaid,“I’mnotsureexactlywhat____32____peopletomyvideos,butmanyviewerssaymyvideos____33____them,somaybethat’sit.”AsamemberofGenZ,Lahongsangenjoysembracingnewthingsandexperiencesthatbroadenher____34____,asindicatedbyherBilibilihomepageintroduction:“Takeon100different____35____.”21.A.funny B.trending C.educational D.advanced22.A.upgrade B.command C.comment D.experience23.A.innocent B.trustworthy C.demanding D.seasoned24.A.launched B.documented C.observed D.noticed25.A.excelsin B.relieson C.goesbeyond D.turnsdown26.A.term B.career C.journey D.occupation27.A.exhausted B.bored C.fulfilled D.hopeless28.A.abandoned B.possessed C.guaranteed D.lacked29.A.motivated B.brought C.represented D.realized30.A.cautiously B.silently C.consistently D.effortlessly31.A.extra B.diverse C.hit D.relevant32.A.draws B.admits C.saves D.relates33.A.amuse B.calm C.touch D.alarm34.A.powers B.database C.audiences D.vision35.A.projects B.lives C.responsibilities D.looks【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.A26.C27.B28.D29.C30.C31.B32.A33.A34.D35.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了一位擅長分享幽默和真誠的視頻博主——拉宏桑?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：直到我點擊了它，我才發(fā)現(xiàn)視頻會這么有趣！A.funny滑稽的；B.trending流行的；C.educational教育的；D.advanced先進的。根據下文“whohashumorously

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herlife.”可知，拉宏桑的視頻非常的滑稽，有趣。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這條評論經常被觀眾在拉宏桑視頻下分享。A.upgrade升級；B.command命令；C.comment評論；D.experience經歷。根據空后“isfrequentlysharedbyviewersunderLahongsang’videos.”可知，是對視頻的評論被分享了。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：20多歲的拉宏桑是一位經驗豐富的視頻博主，擁有八年的經驗，她幽默地記錄了自己的生活。A.innocent無辜的；B.trustworthy值得信賴的；C.demanding要求高的；D.seasoned老練的，富有經驗的。根據空后“witheightyearsofexperience”可知，拉宏桑是一位經驗豐富的視頻博主。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：20多歲的拉宏桑是一位經驗豐富的視頻博主，擁有八年的經驗，她幽默地記錄了自己的生活。A.launched發(fā)起；B.documented記錄；C.observed觀察；D.noticed注意。根據下文“Asavlogger,wheneverIencountersomethingworthrecording,Icaptureit,”可知，拉宏桑記錄了自己的生活。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她成長于互聯(lián)網時代，擅長視頻錄制和社交媒體分享。A.excelsin擅長；B.relieson依賴；C.goesbeyond超越；D.turnsdown拒絕。根據上文“Ayoungvlogger,adeptatsharinghumorandsincerity,”可知，拉宏桑擅長視頻錄制和社交媒體分享。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2016年，作為一名高中生，拉宏桑在中國平臺嗶哩嗶哩開啟了她的旅程。A.term學期；B.career職業(yè)；生涯；C.