押浙江卷第31-33題 閱讀理解（應(yīng)用文或說明文）-備戰(zhàn)2024年中考英語臨考題號押題（解析版）

押浙江卷第31-33題閱讀理解（應(yīng)用文或說明文）閱讀理解是英語能力培養(yǎng)的重點項目，是考試的一個重要題型，分值高、題量大。閱讀理解考查的根本是檢驗學(xué)生對有關(guān)信息的加工能力。閱讀理解能力的重要標(biāo)志是閱讀速度和理解力的正確率。因此，閱讀理解要多下功夫。多分析題型，多了解考點，真正做到有的放矢，提高命中率。在閱讀理解方面考綱對考生有六大要求，即理解主旨要義、理解文中具體信息、根據(jù)上下文推斷單詞和短語的含義、作出簡單判斷和推理、理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)、理解作者的意圖觀點態(tài)度。這六個能力要求對應(yīng)我們常見的六種題型：主旨大意題、細(xì)節(jié)理解題、詞義猜測題、推理判斷題、文章結(jié)構(gòu)題和作者觀點態(tài)度題。（2023·浙江寧波·中考真題）HowcanIhelpyou?Dr.Knowwilltryherbesttohelpwithallyourproblems.DearDoctor,Iamasixteen-year-oldstudentandI’vebeenexperiencinglotsofbackpainandheadacheslately.I’munsureaboutthecause.Likesomeofmyfriends,Ispendmyeveningsplayingcomputergamesandsurfingtheinternet.What’smore,Icarryaheavyschoolbagtoschooldaily.I’mjustanordinarystudent,butthesehealthproblemsarestartingtoworryme.WhatcanIdo?AdamDearAdam,I’munabletotellyouexactlywhat’swrong,butIcanoffersomeadvice.Firstofall,don’tspendtoomuchtimeonyourcomputer,andstopusingitlateatnight.It’simportantforteenagerstogetenoughsleep.Also,yougetheadachesfromlookingatcomputerscreensforalongtime.Ifyousitonachairforlong,itcanmakeyourbacksoretoo.Asforyourschoolbag,it’simportanttomanageitsweight.Takeanythingyoudon’tneedoutofyourschoolbag.Ifpossible,leavesomebooksormaterialsatschool.Ihopemyadviceishelpful.Anyway,Istronglyrecommend（推薦）youvisitalocaldoctorforthat.Dr.Know1．HowdoesAdamprobablyfeelabouthissituation?A．Angry. B．Excited. C．Happy. D．Worried.2．WhichofthefollowingisDr.Know’sadviceforAdam?A．Toseealocaldoctor. B．Toleaveallbooksatschool.C．Totakesomemedicine. D．Tostopusinghiscomputer.3．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?A．ScienceStudy B．SportsNews C．Teenagers’Life D．TravelStories【答案】1．D2．A3．C【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了兩封信的內(nèi)容：一名學(xué)生Adam寫給Dr.Know的求助信，以及醫(yī)生的回信。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Iamasixteen-year-oldstudentandI’vebeenexperiencinglotsofbackpainandheadacheslately.”和“I’mjustanordinarystudent,butthesehealthproblemsarestartingtoworryme.”可知Adam遇到了很多健康問題，可推知他是很擔(dān)憂的。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ihopemyadviceishelpful.Anyway,Istronglyrecommend（推薦）youvisitalocaldoctorforthat.”可知Dr.Know建議Adam去看當(dāng)?shù)氐尼t(yī)生。故選A。3．推理判斷題。本文介紹了兩封信的內(nèi)容：一名學(xué)生Adam寫給Dr.Know的求助信，以及醫(yī)生的回信，應(yīng)該可以在報紙上的“青少年的生活”板塊看到這篇文章。故選C。（2023浙江臺州·中考）4USEFULEXPRESSIONSTOIMPROVEYOURSPOKENENGLISHDoyouwanttospeakEnglisheasilyandwell?Inthislesson,we’llhelpyouimproveyourspokenEnglishwithsomereallyusefulexpressions.Forexample,“Tomwentmissingduringtherainstormlastnight,butluckily,hewasfound▲.“Bestofall,Americansusethemalot.Theyarereallyuseful!OK?Let’sstart!BrightandearlyIfyougetup“brightandearly”,yougetupveryearlyinthemorning.Example:IliketogetupbrightandearlyeverydayonholidaysoIcangoforaswimbeforebreakfast.FairandsquareIfsomethingsuchasagameordecisionis“fairandsquare”,it’shonestandfair.Example:IthinkIwonthatgamefairandsquare,eventhoughMarkwouldprobablydisagreewiththat.AliveandwellIfsomeoneis“aliveandwell”,they’refinallysafeafterbeingindanger.Example:I’mpleasedtoreportthatthemissingclimbersareallaliveandwell.FirstandforemostWeuse“firstandforemost”beforewerefertothemostimportantpartofsomething;it’slikesaying“mostimportantly”.Example:Firstandforemost,I’dliketothankeverybodyforalltheirhelp.4．Thepassageismainlytohelp.A．practicesomereadingskills B．understandsomegrammarrulesC．improvesomewritingmethods D．learnsomeusefulexpressions5．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttofillin“▲“inthepassage?A．brightandearly B．fairandsquareC．a(chǎn)liveandwell D．firstandforemost6．Thepassagecanusuallybereadinthepartofinamagazine.A．EnglishCorner B．HealthGarden C．NewsSquare D．SportsWorld【答案】4．D5．C6．A【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了提高英語口語的4個有用表達(dá)。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“4USEFULEXPRESSIONSTOIMPROVEYOURSPOKENENGLISH”可知，本文主要介紹了提高英語口語的4個有用表達(dá)。故選D。5．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Tomwentmissingduringtherainstormlastnight”和“Ifsomeoneis‘a(chǎn)liveandwell’,they’refinallysafeafterbeingindanger.”可知，Tom昨晚在暴雨中失蹤，因此還健康地活著是很幸運的，“aliveandwell”符合句意，故選C。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了提高英語口語的4個有用表達(dá)，來提高英語口語，因此文章與英語學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)，故選A。（2023浙江溫州·中考）E-wasteElectronicwaste(e-waste)comesfromcomputers,cameras,phones,fridges,TVsandsoon.Howmuche-wastehasbeenproduced?Thereistoomuche-wasteontheearth.Inthepasttenyears,506.5Mtofe-wastehasbeenproduced.Thatisasheavyasabout50,149EiffelTowers.Whatcanwedowithe-waste?E-wasteisharmfultotheenvironment.Repeatthethreewordsinourlife:reduce,reuseandrecycle.Herearesomeexamples.◆Quadloop

◆JunichiKawanishicreatedsolarlanternswithe-waste.

turnedabout79,000tonsofe-wasteintomedals.◆MixedRealityLab

◆AlexLindesignededucationaltoyswith

recycledabout136tonsofbrokencomputersintoonese-wasteforpoorkids.

thatcanbeusedagain.7．In2022,howmuche-wastewasproducedintheworld?A．59.4Mt. B．53.6Mt. C．48.2Mt. D．39.8Mt.8．WhatdidAlexLmdowithe-waste?A．Hemademedals. B．Hecreatedlanterns.C．Hedesignedtoys. D．Herecycledcomputers.9．Inwhichpartofawebsitecanwereadthepage?A．Food. B．Health. C．Travel. D．Environment.【答案】7．A8．D9．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了電子垃圾問題很嚴(yán)重，并介紹了如何處理電子垃圾。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖表內(nèi)容可知，2022年共生產(chǎn)了5940萬噸電子垃圾。故選A。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“recycledabout136tonsofbrokencomputers”可知他回收了大約136噸壞電腦。故選D。9．推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了電子垃圾問題很嚴(yán)重，并介紹了如何處理電子垃圾，故文章可能出現(xiàn)在環(huán)境版面。故選D。（2024·浙江杭州·一模）Kidshavelotsoffunindooractivitiesnowadays.Threeparentsandeducatorsareheretosharehowtheyencouragechildrentospendmoretimeoutsideandconnectwithnature.Togetkidsoffscreen,Iadviseparentsdisconnecttoo.Mystudentshavecometoenjoylookingoutforbirds.Theyalsofindjoyinusingbinoculars(雙筒望遠(yuǎn)鏡)forbirdwatching.Oneofmystudentsisnowknownasthelocal12-year-oldbirdwatcherinthecommunity.He’snowabetterbirdwatcherthanIam!Duringafishingtripwith30kidsaged10to16,Ihadtogetcreativetokeepthemactive.So,Icameupwithanidea:Whoevercatchesafishgetsagift.Althoughnoonecaughtafish,thekidslovedit.Nextmonth,we’regoingtohaveaboatracingonanearbyriver.Thekeyistocreateaninterestingspaceandgivekidsareasontojoinin.WhenteachingEnglishasasecondlanguage,Iplannedanoutdoormathlesson:howtofindthesizeofagardenbed(園圃).Butmystudentsdidn’twanttodoitbecauseoftheinsects(昆蟲)andthehotweather.Ithensuggestedgrowingsomethingtheycouldeattomakethemmoreinterestedinthegarden.Thisexperiencechangedmymindset(觀念)from“I’mtakingthemoutside”to“We’regoingoutsidetogether.”10．WhatactivitydoesSusieadviseparentstogetkidsofftheirscreens?A．Birdwatching. B．Gardening. C．Fishing. D．Hiking.11．HowdidJuankeepkidsactiveonafishingtrip?A．Byplanningaboatracing. B．Byorganizingafishingcontest.C．Bycreatinganopenspaceforplayinggames. D．Bygivingagiftforanyonewhocatchesafish.12．WhydidLinda’sstudentsrefusetheoutdoorclassatfirst?A．Becausetheydidn’tlikemath. B．Becausetheywereafraidofinsects.C．Becausetheythoughtitwastoocoldoutside. D．Becausetheydidn’twanttogettheirclothesdirty.【答案】10．A11．D12．B【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了當(dāng)今孩子們總是待在室內(nèi)，因此介紹了一些適合孩子們的課外活動。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Togetkidsoffscreen…Mystudentshavecometoenjoylookingoutforbirds.Theyalsofindjoyinusingbinoculars(雙筒望遠(yuǎn)鏡)forbirdwatching.”可知，她的建議是培養(yǎng)觀鳥的興趣。故選A。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“So,Icameupwithanidea:Whoevercatchesafishgetsagift.”可知，是通過獎勵抓到魚的人禮物來使得孩子們活躍起來。故選D。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Butmystudentsdidn’twanttodoitbecauseoftheinsects(昆蟲)andthehotweather.”可知，學(xué)生們開始不愿意出去，是因為害怕昆蟲。故選B。1.主旨大意型考查學(xué)生對文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會和理解能力。此類考查主旨和大意的題大多數(shù)針對段落(或短文)的主題，主題思想，標(biāo)題或目的，其主要提問方式是：1)Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?2)Whichofthefollowingisthispassageabout?3)Inthispassagethewritertriestotellusthat______.4)Thepassagetellsusthat______.5)Thispassagemainlytalksabout_______.6).Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?7).Whatistheauthor’smainpoint?8).Themainpurposeofthepassage?9).Thetitleofthispassagewouldbe____.做這類題，要找準(zhǔn)主題句。每段的主題句(常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中和歸納分析)一般都用來表示一個段落的主旨大意。然后根據(jù)文章意思全面理解而歸納概括出來的；但不能太籠統(tǒng)、言過其實或以偏概全。小心“首段陷阱”,不要一看開頭就選擇答案。1)干擾項可能屬文中某個具體事實或細(xì)節(jié)。2)干擾項可能屬從文中某些(不完全的)事實或細(xì)節(jié)片面推出的錯誤結(jié)論。3)干擾項可能屬非文章事實的主觀臆斷。2.具體細(xì)節(jié)型解題原則：忠于原文，聯(lián)系上下文，理清全篇的邏輯關(guān)系，決不能主觀臆斷。有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)的問題常對文中某個詞語、某句子、某段落等細(xì)節(jié)及事實進(jìn)行提問，所提問題一般可直接或間接在文章中找到答案。所以一定要將題干所涉及信息在原文中找到，找出最貼近原話的選項。此類考查事實和細(xì)節(jié)的題目大多數(shù)是針對文章的細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)計的，其主要提問方式是：1)Whichofthefollowingisright?2)Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?3)WhichofthefollowingisNotTrueinthepassage?4)Choosetherightorderofthispassage.5)Fromthispassageweknow________.★特別注意：細(xì)節(jié)理解題一定要忠實于原文及全篇的邏輯關(guān)系，決不能主觀臆斷。主旨大意題注意點：1.要找到文章的關(guān)鍵詞。2.范圍不能太大，也不能太小。3.主旨在文章開頭（如調(diào)查或研究結(jié)果、新聞報道、議論文）、主旨在文章結(jié)尾、主旨在文章第二段或第三段或主旨是需要通讀以后對各個部分概括所得。當(dāng)然概括主旨較難，需要考生能夠概括出每段的段落大意。★特別注意：文章的主旨大全面理解文章后歸納概括出來的；不能太籠統(tǒng)、言過其實或以偏概全。3.詞義猜測型同義法常在詞或短語之間有并列連詞and或or，它們連接的兩項內(nèi)容在含義上是接近的或遞進(jìn)的，由此可以推測。反義法如hotandcold，giveandreceive等，或前句為肯定，后句為否定?？傊~與詞間都起著互為線索的作用。釋義法對文章中的生詞用定語(從句)、表語甚至用逗號、破折號等標(biāo)點符號引出并加以解釋說明。情景推斷法、代詞替代法等其主要提問方式是：1)Theword“”inthepassageprobablymeans________.2)Theunderlinedword“It”inthepassagerefersto_______.3)Inthisstorytheunderlinedword“”means________.4)Here“it”means________.5)Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword_____.詞義猜測題注意點：1.要求根據(jù)閱讀材料所提供的信息，結(jié)合中學(xué)生應(yīng)有的常識和經(jīng)驗，正確判斷生詞詞組的意義或成熟詞在特定語境中表達(dá)的具體含義以及一些句子的意思。猜測詞義的詞一般為實詞及其詞組，通過構(gòu)詞、定義、對比、因果、聯(lián)想、上下文等線索確定詞義的具體內(nèi)容。2.代詞復(fù)指理解題也是猜測詞義的常考類型。用＂邏輯關(guān)系梳理法＂＂遞向?qū)ほ櫡ǎ⒗砬迦宋锛笆挛镏g的邏輯關(guān)系是關(guān)鍵所在。4.推理判斷型透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)，領(lǐng)悟作者思想傾向、觀點、立場、語氣及態(tài)度等。以原文內(nèi)容為前提，據(jù)作者的觀點理論(非考生觀點)，客觀地對文中未明顯說明的現(xiàn)象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷，做出一定解釋。做題要領(lǐng)：既要求學(xué)生透過文章表面文字信息推測文章隱含意思，又要求學(xué)生對作者的態(tài)度、意圖及文章細(xì)節(jié)的發(fā)展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點。此類題目文章中沒有明確的答案，需要考生再理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行推理和判斷。其主要提問方式是：1)Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.2)Fromthetextweknowthat______.3)Withwhichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragree？4)Whichofthefollowingmighthappenedlater?5)Thepassageisprobablytakenfroma________.6)Thewritersuggeststhat______.（2024·浙江杭州·一模）Imaginesharingyourbirthdaywiththewholecountry!That’sexactlywhathappenseveryyearinVietnam(越南).TheVietnamesedon’tcelebrateonthedaytheywereborn.Insteadeveryonegetsoneyearolderonthesameday—VietnameseNewYear’sdayor“Tet”:Peopledon’tgivebirthdaypresents,butchildrenreceiveredenvelopeswithmoneyinside.TetisthebiggestcelebrationoftheyearinVietnam—anditcanlastforaweek.BecominganadultisaveryspecialdayforgirlsinSouthAmericaandithappensontheirfifteenthbirthday—theQuinceanera.Insomeplaces,suchaspartsofMexico,thefatheroranotherrelativegivesthegirlherfirstpairofhighheelsasasymbolofbecomingawoman.Thebirthdaygirl,orquinceanera,oftengivesoutfifteencandles,onetoeachofthefifteenmostimportantpeopleinherlife.Thenthereisamealanddancing.Thequinceanera’sfirstdanceisalwayswithherfather.InJapaneveryonehasadayofftocelebratetheworld’sbiggesttwentiethbirthdayparty.ThesecondMondayofJanuaryeveryyearis“ComingofAgeDay”—thedayalltwenty-year-oldJapanesebecomeadults.Menwearsuitsandgirlsdressinbeautifulkimonos(和服).Aceremonyisheldinthelocalgovernmentofficeandafterwardsthenewadultscanpartywiththeirfriendsandfamily.13．Whatis“Tet”accordingtothetext?A．TheNewYear’sdayinVietnam. B．ThebirthdaypresentinVietnam.C．Thedaywhenachildisborn. D．Theredenvelopewithmoneyinside.14．WhichbirthdayisspecialtogirlsinSouthAmerica?A．Thetenth. B．Thefifteenth. C．Theeighteenth. D．Thetwentieth.15．InwhichcountrydopeoplecelebrateComingofAgeDay?A．Vietnam. B．Mexico. C．Japan. D．China.【答案】13．A14．B15．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了不同國家的人過的特殊生日。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“VietnameseNewYear’sdayor“‘Tet’”可知Tet是越南的新年。故選A。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BecominganadultisaveryspecialdayforgirlsinSouthAmericaandithappensontheirfifteenthbirthday—theQuinceanera.”可知對于南美洲的女孩來說，15歲的生日是特殊的。故選B。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InJapan...ThesecondMondayofJanuaryeveryyearis‘ComingofAgeDay’”可知在日本人們慶?！俺扇巳铡?。故選C。（2024·浙江寧波·一模）Lookupatthesky,andyouwillalwaysfindsomeclouds.Scientistshavegroupedcloudsintothreemaintypesandyoucantelleachtypeofcloudsbyitsshapeandbyhowhightheyareinthesky.Thestudyofcloudsisactuallyhelpfultoeveryone.16．ItispossiblethattheCirrusCloudsmayappearattheheightof________feetinthesky.A．4,500 B．6,500 C．15,000 D．25,00017．WhenyouseetheStratusClouds,it’sbestto________.A．picnicinthepark B．readathome C．exerciseoutside D．playonthebeach18．Whatcanwelearnfromthematerial?A．Cloudstudyjustbenefitsfarmersandtravellers. B．Cloudshavealottodowithweather.C．Cloudsaresignsforthechangeofbadweather. D．Cloudsaregroupedjustbytheirshapes.【答案】16．D17．B18．B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了云的主要類型。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖表可知，卷云出現(xiàn)在20000英尺到45000英尺的高空中，卷云可能出現(xiàn)在25000英尺的高空。故選D。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖表中“Stratus：asignthatlightrainorsnowmayfall”可知，看到層云，可能會下小雨或雪；所以當(dāng)你看到層云時，最好在家看書。故選B。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖表中“Cirrus：asignthatweathermaychange”以及“Stratus：asignthatlightrainorsnowmayfall”可知，看到不同類型的云，會有不同的天氣變化；我們從文章中可以了解到，云與天氣有很大關(guān)系。故選B。（2024·浙江杭州·一模）19．Whyareplanesusuallywhite?①Damagecanbefoundeasily.

②Whitecanprotectplanesfromsunlight.③Whiteplaneslookclean.

④Whiteplanescanstandoutduringnight.A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④20．Whatcoloristhetigerindeer’seyes?A．Green. B．Orange. C．Blue. D．Black.21．Onwhichofthefollowingwebsitescanwemostprobablyreadthetext?A．/ B．/C．/ D．/【答案】19．B20．A21．B【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹不同的物品有不同顏色的原因。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“First,thiscolorcanprotectplanesfromsunlight.Also,whiteletspeopleseedamageonplanesmoreeasily.Third,whiteplanesareeasiertoseeatnightorduringbadweather.可知，只有“白色的飛機(jī)看起來干凈”沒有提到。故選B。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“Orangeisbrighttohumans.Butdeerseethecolorasgreen.”可知鹿看老虎是綠色的。故選A。21．推理判斷題。本文介紹不同的物品有不同顏色的原因，故可推知該文章來自一個問為什么的網(wǎng)站。故選B。（23-24九年級下·浙江·期中）Longago,peopledidn’tneedalotofnumbers,butwhensmallvillagesgrewintobigcities,peoplestartedtoneedbiggernumberstocountbagsofcropsandmaketrades.Howdidpeopleinancienttimecountnumbers?PaclficIslandsSomePacificIslandculturescountusingthewholebody.Differentbodypartsstoodforadifferentnumber,andthenameofthatpartalsomeansthatnumber.RomeGreek,Rom