08- 備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語模擬卷（新高考Ⅰ卷專用）（解析版）

備戰(zhàn)2024年高考英語模擬卷（新高考I卷專用）黃金卷08（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatisthetotalvalueofthetoycars?A．￡50. B．￡130. C．￡150.【答案】C【原文】M:Hi,I’dliketomakeatoydonation.W:Oh,great!Thanks.Wow,thesearegreattoycars!M:Yeah,theyweremyson’s.Thereare30oftheminthatbag.Theycost￡5each,ifyoubuythemnew!2．WhendidMr.Robinstartthemeeting?A．At10:30a.m. B．At11:30a.m. C．At1:30p.m.【答案】A【原文】W:WhereisMr.Robin?Heissupposedtocometomyofficenow,at11:30a.m.M:Heisinthebudgetmeetingwhichstartedanhourago.Trycallinghim.W:Idid,buthedidn’tanswer.Anyway,ifyouseehim,tellhimI’mfreeuntil1:30p.m.3．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A．Skinproblems. B．Eatinghabits. C．Healthcare.【答案】B【原文】W:Ican’tbelieveyoueattheskinofyourapple.Idon’teatit,asittastessour.M:Idon’tcaremuchforthetaste,butforitshealthbenefit.Ieattheskinofpearstooforthesamereason.4．Whydoesthemanchoosetheguitar?A．Hewantstobedifferent. B．Hewantstofollowsuit. C．Hewantstolookcool.【答案】A【原文】M:Idecidetolearntheguitar!I’vealwayswantedtoplaymusic,andtheguitarisinteresting.W:Cool!Butwhatmakesyoudecidetochoosethisinstrument?M:Allmyfriendsplaytheviolin,andIwanttobedifferent.Thepianosoundsbeautifulbutitistooexpensive.Theguitarisperfectforme!5．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Husbandandwife. B．Colleagues. C．Repairmanandcustomer.【答案】B【原文】W:Oh,Mark.I’mgladyou'restillhereattheoffice.Couldyoudrivemehomeafterwork?M:Sure.Butwhere’syourcar,Jane?W:Oh,itisinthegarage.Itbrokedownonmywaytoworkthismorning.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6．Whatdoesthegirlsuggestaboutthefirstpairofshoes?A．They’reagoodvalue. B．They’reeasytowalkin. C．She’llbepopularifshewearsthem.7．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Salesmanandcustomer. B．Fatheranddaughter. C．Uncleandniece.【答案】6．C7．B【原文】W:CanIgettheseshoes,please?M:Areyoujoking?Thoseshoesaresixhundreddollars!W:Butallthecoolgirlsatschoolhavethem!M:Well,theanswerisno.Andyou’dneverbeabletowalkinshoeslikethat.Thoseheelsmustbearoundfiveinchestall.W:Highheelsaresuper“in”rightnow.UncleTimboughtsomeforSamantha!I’lldoextrachores!Please?M:Noway.Doyouknowhowmanychoresyou’dhavetodotoaffordthose?Lookattheseoverhere.They’resixtydollarsandhavealowheel,soyoucanwalkinthemwithoutgettinguncomfortable.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8．Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A．Makeareservation. B．Changehisflight. C．Cancelhisorder.9．Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A．OnJanuary13th. B．OnJanuary14th. C．OnJanuary15th.【答案】8．B9．A【原文】W:ReservationCenter.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Yes.It’saboutmyplaneticket.W:MayIhaveyourname,please?M:MynameisZhangRui.Infact,IhaveareservationonFlightNo.125forZhenjiang,leavingBeijingat2:00p.m.tomorrow.NowI’dliketomakeachangeofmytravelschedule.W:Whendoyouplantomakeit?M:Isitpossibletochangemybookingtothedayaftertomorrow?W:Yes.YouarereconfirmedonFlightNo.125forZhenjiang,leavingBeijingat2:00p.m.onJanuary15th.M:Thanksalot.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10．Whatdidthemanwanttobewhenhewasachild?A．Adoctor. B．Aracingdriver. C．Anambulancedriver.11．Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutthejobheisbeingtrainedfor?A．Itmakeshimfeelill. B．Itisabigresponsibility. C．Itrequiresalotofluck.12．WhatcanweknowaboutBrady?A．Hesavedaman. B．Hehadaheartattack. C．Hewashitbyacar.【答案】10．A11．B12．A【原文】W:Howisyourtraininggoing,Brady?M:I’vegotfourmoreweeksandthen,aslongasIpass,Iwillbeanofficialambulancedriver.W:Whydidyouwanttobeoneofthose?Youalwayshadyourheartsetonbecomingadoctorwhenyouwerealittleboy.Then,whenyouwereateenager,youwantedtobearacingdriver!M:Well,thiswayIcombinethetwo!W:Yes,Isupposeyoudo!What’sitlikedrivinganambulance?M:It’squitearesponsibilityanditcanbequitestressful.W:Haveyoudriveninanemergency?M:Yes,Idrovetheambulancethroughthecityduringtherushhour.Weweretryingtosaveamanwhohadhadaheartattackandwenearlycrashed!W:Whathappenedintheend?M:Wegothimtohospitaljustintime.Heisdoingwellnow.W:I’msogladtohearthat.Goodluckinyourfinalfewweeks.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13．Whatdoesthemanprobablydoforaliving?A．Heisafilmreviewer. B．Heisajournalist. C．Heisamagazineeditor.14．Whatisthewoman’sfavoritefilmever?A．KillBill. B．JackieBrown. C．PulpFiction.15．Whatdayisittoday?A．Thursday. B．Friday. C．Saturday.16．Howdoesthemanfeelattheendoftheconversation?A．Verygrateful. B．Muchcalmer. C．Alittleannoyed.【答案】13．B14．C15．B16．C【原文】M:Bonnie,I’msupernervousrightnow.W:Why,what‘sup?IthoughtyouwereflyingdowntoL.A.today.Areyouafraidofflyingorsomething?M:No,Iflyallthetime.It’sjustthatI’mdoingmybiggestinterviewofmyentirecareertomorrow,andIdon’twanttomessitup.W:Comeon,you’vebeenatthemagazineformorethanayear.Youreditorwouldn’tsendyoudownthereunlesshehadconfidenceinyourabilities.Whoistheinterviewwith?M:QuentinTarantino.W:Uh…what?QuentinTarantino?Thedirector?Areyouserious?M:Yeah!W:Oh,myGod!Ican’tbelievethis!PulpFictionismyfavoritemovieofalltime,andKillBillmightbenumbertwo.AndevenmyparentslikedJackieBrown.He’s,like,A-listfamous!Hemightbethebestdirectorofthelasttwentyyears.M:DoyouseenowwhyI’mnervous?W:Yes,I’dbescaredoutofmymindifIwereyou.Butthiswillbegoodforyourcareer.Hey,thereissomethingthatIstilldon’tunderstand.M:What?W:WhyonearthdidQuentinTarantinoagreetodoaninterviewforyourmagazine,Trevor?M:What’sthatsupposedtomean?W:Um…nevermind.Goodluckdownthere!Getagoodnight’ssleeptonightbecauseSaturdaywillbethebiggestdayofyourlife!聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17．Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A．Newstaff. B．Tourguides. C．Tourists.18．Howoftenisthesafetymeetingheld?A．Everymonth. B．Everytwoweeks. C．Everyweek.19．Whatarethelistenersallowedtowearinthelab?A．Jackets. B．Loosebelts. C．Sportsshoes.20．Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A．Tocomeupwithnewideas.B．Tointroducerulesinthelab.C．Toinvitesomesuggestions.【答案】17．A18．C19．C20．B【原文】M:Hello,welcometothelab!Itwillbeyourworkplacefromnowon.PleaseremembersomerulesIexplaintoyoutoday.MynameisTony.Iamyourguideforthislabtour.Asyoumayhavebeentoldalready,thereisasafetymeetingonceaweek.Iexpectyoutoknowthelabsafetyrules.Therewillbeabrieftesteverytwoweeks.Howyouperforminthistestwillbenotedinyourpersonnelfileandcouldaffectyoursalary.ThemostimportantinformationIwanttogiveyounowisaboutsafetyandcleanliness.Firstofall,theonlyacceptableshoesaresportsshoes;don’twearjackets,necklacesorloosebelts;youshouldwearfull-protectedclothinginthelab.Second,everythingmustbekeptclean.Washyourhandsbeforehandlinganyequipment.Thisisextremelyimportant.Toolsandjarsshouldbekeptabsolutelycleanandavoidanypollution.OK.Anyquestions?第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A（2023上·山東·高三山東省實驗中學?？茧A段練習）NewYorkBroadwayShow:AladdinHaveagenie(精靈)grantyourwishtoseetheDisneyclassicliveonBroadway!Provider:TiqetsInternationalB．V.Duration:2h30minsTicketInfo:A．$91.20AdmissiontoAladdinB．SmartphoneticketsacceptedC．InstantticketdeliveryHighlights&Description

Rolloutthemagiccarpetandgetreadyforawholenewworld.TheproducerofTheLionKingbringsthetimelessstoryofAladdintotheNewYorkstageinamusicalspectacularforthewholefamily.FromtheproducerofTheLionKing,thismagicalspectacleispackedwithallyourfavoritesongsfromtheDisneyanimatedclassicAladdin,andmore!CometotheNewAmsterdamTheatreandstepinto“AWholeNewWorld”!Instructions

Yourticketswillbesenttoyouviaemail.PleaseshowyourticketattheNewAmsterdamTheatreentranceforthetimeanddateofyourshow.Seatingstarts30minutespriortoshowtime,buttheremaybeawaittoenterthetheatreduetothesecuritycheck.Pleasegiveyourgroupplentyoftimetogettothetheatreandfindtheirseats.Latecomerswillbeaccommodatedduringthefirstappropriatebreakintheperformance.RescheduleandCancellationPolicy

Refundsarenotpossibleforthisticket.Reschedulingisnotpossibleforthisticket.21．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．ADisneybrochure. B．Atravelblog.C．Aticketingwebsite. D．ABroadwayintroduction.22．WhatisthefeatureoftheBroadwayshowAladdin?A．ItissetinancientAmsterdam.B．ItisadaptedfromTheLionKing.C．ItisananimatedclassicfromDisney.D．Itisamagicalmusicalwithmanysongs.23．Ifyouarrivelate,youwill__________.A．bekeptwaitinguntilthefirstsuitablebreak.B．beturnedawayandtherefundisimpossible.C．berescheduledfortheearliestavailableshow.D．beadmittedimmediatelyafterthesecuritycheck.【答案】21．C22．D23．A【導語】這是一篇應用文。本文主要介紹了在紐約百老匯演出的劇目《阿拉丁》的票務信息。21．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“toseetheDisneyclassicliveonBroadway(在百老匯現(xiàn)場觀看迪士尼經(jīng)典電影)”、“TicketInfo(票務信息)”部分的“A.$91.20AdmissiontoAladdin(91.20美元阿拉丁門票)、B.Smartphoneticketsaccepted(接受智能手機票)、C.Instantticketdelivery(即時送票)”以及“RescheduleandCancellationPolicy(重新安排和取消政策)”部分的“Refundsarenotpossibleforthisticket.(這張票不能退款)、Reschedulingisnotpossibleforthisticket(此票無法重新安排)”可知，本文主要介紹了一部即將演出的劇目的訂票信息，最有可能來自于訂票網(wǎng)站上，故選C項。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Highlights&Description(亮點和描述)”部分的“inamusicalspectacularforthewholefamily(為全家?guī)砹艘粓鰤延^的音樂盛宴)”以及“thismagicalspectacleispackedwithallyourfavoritesongs,fromtheDisneyanimatedclassicAladdin,andmore(這個神奇的奇觀充滿了你最喜歡的迪士尼經(jīng)典動畫《阿拉丁》中的歌曲，等等)”可知，這部劇是一部有許多歌曲的神奇音樂劇，故選D項。23．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Instructions(說明書)”部分的“Latecomerswillbeaccommodatedduringthefirstappropriatebreakintheperformance.(遲到者將在演出的第一個適當休息時間得到安排)”可知，遲到者的就座安排要一直等到第一次合適的休息時間，故選A項。B（2023上·福建廈門·高三廈門市湖濱中學?？计谥校㏕erasaHilldidnotintendtodosomethingunplanned.ItbeganwhenTerasawasobservingahorseauction(拍賣).Achestnut:racehorsewasforsale?“ShewasthemostbeautifulthingI’deverseen,thoughithadaninjuredleg,”saidTerasa.Whenthebiddingstarted,Terasasurprisedherselfbysteppingin.Finally,TerasabecamethenewownerofSierra,andSierra,limping(跛)andhurtwithpainfromabrokenknee,becamealabourofloveforTerasa.Afterthreelongmonthsofnursingherundertheguidanceofalocalanimaldoctor,thelegrecovered.Itwasn’tonlySierra’slegthatneededtorecover;Sierraneededtorelearnhowtotrustpeople.TerasathoughtthebestwaytowinSierra’strustandfondnesswastofeedhertreats.TerasakeptprovidingSierrawithmanytreats,butnonepassedthesniff(嗅)test.Desperate,Terasaexperimentedbymakingherownmixtureofmolassesandgrains,whichshebakedinherownkitchen.ThecookieswereahitwithSierraandotherhorses,sendingTerasa’slifeinanewdirection.Hertreats,called“Barnies”,weresoldtoalocalstoreandlikehotcakes,withinmonthslocalbusinessmenbegandemandingformore.Terasa’skitchenwasnolongerbigenoughfortheincreaseddemand,movingheroperationtoanOshawacompany.Thenaserioushealthproblemthreatenedtoruinherplans.TerasacalleduponthesameresolutionthathadhelpedhersaveSierratohelpherovercomeherownillness.FamilyandfriendscametoherrescueandkeptBarniesLtd.going.Almostayearlater,healthyandmoreresolutethanever,TerasafoundanationaldistributorandBainiesbegansellingin144storesacrossCanada.AndwhataboutSierra,theinspirationforallthissuccessandchange?Thehorsehasfullyrecoveredandhasbecomeawonderfulridinghorse.24．WhydidTerasacreateherowncookies?A．Toshowsuperbcookingskills. B．ToprovideaspecialdietforSierra.C．Tofindawaytobondwiththehorse. D．Tolaythefoundationforherbusiness.25．WhichbestdescribesTerasaaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Inflexible. B．Pessimistic. C．Confident. D．Determined.26．Whyisthelastparagraphaneffectiveconclusion?A．Itraisesavaluablequestion.B．Itprovidessurprisinginformation.C．Itreturnstothetopicoftheopeningparagraph.D．Itcontinuesthefocusoftheparagraphbeforeit.27．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Aremarkableencounter. B．Afamousfoodcompany.C．Arescueofaweakhorse. D．Acareerfrompreviousdevotion.【答案】24．C25．D26．C27．D【導語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了TerasaHill在一場拍賣會上拍下賽馬Sierra，并在之后救治了她受傷的身體和心靈，同時促使她成功開創(chuàng)了自己的公司的故事。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“TerasathoughtthebestwaytowinSierra’strustandfondnesswastofeedhertreats.(Terasa認為贏得塞拉信任和喜愛的最好方法就是喂她吃東西)”及“Desperate,Terasaexperimentedbymakingherownmixtureofmolassesandgrains,whichshebakedinherownkitchen.ThecookieswereahitwithSierraandotherhorses,sendingTerasa’slifeinanewdirection.(絕望之下，Terasa嘗試自己制作糖蜜和谷物的混合物，并在自己的廚房里烘烤。這些餅干很受塞拉和其他馬的歡迎，讓Terasa的生活進入了一個新的方向)”可知，Terasa自己做餅干是為了建立一種與馬聯(lián)系的方式，她認為通過食物能獲得Sierra的喜歡和信任。故選C項。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“TerasakeptprovidingSierrawithmanytreats,butnonepassedthesniff(嗅)test.Desperate,Terasaexperimentedbymakingherownmixtureofmolassesandgrains,whichshebakedinherownkitchen.ThecookieswereahitwithSierraandotherhorses,sendingTerasa’slifeinanewdirection.(Terasa不停地給塞拉提供許多食物，但沒有一個通過嗅覺測試。絕望之下，Terasa嘗試自己制作糖蜜和谷物的混合物，并在自己的廚房里烘烤。這些餅干很受塞拉和其他馬的歡迎，讓Terasa的生活進入了一個新的方向)”可推知，雖然剛開始Terasa并沒有獲取馬的信任，但是她通過自己嘗試做餅干，最后Sierra喜歡上了她做的餅干，可以看出，Terasa是一個堅定的人。故選D項。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TerasaHilldidnotintendtodosomethingunplanned.(TerasaHill并沒有打算做一些沒有計劃的事情)”及““ShewasthemostbeautifulthingI’deverseen,thoughithadaninjuredleg,”saidTerasa.(“她是我見過的最美麗的東西，盡管她的一條腿受傷了，”Terasa說)”及最后一段“AndwhataboutSierra,theinspirationforallthissuccessandchange?Thehorsehasfullyrecoveredandhasbecomeawonderfulridinghorse.(那Sierra呢，她是所有這些成功和改變的靈感來源？這匹馬已經(jīng)完全康復，成為了一匹了不起的鞍馬)”可推知，第一段講述Terasa是一個有計劃的人，但是一匹受傷的馬的出現(xiàn)讓她打破了常規(guī)，最后一段描述這匹馬恢復了，這匹馬也是Terasa事業(yè)上成功和自我改變的來源。文章最后一段回到了開頭一段的主題。故選C項。27．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段描述Terasa做餅干與馬Sierra建立起聯(lián)系及第四段“Terasa’skitchenwasnolongerbigenoughfortheincreaseddemand,movingheroperationtoanOshawacompany.(Terasa的廚房已經(jīng)無法滿足不斷增長的需求，于是她把廚房搬到了奧沙瓦的一家公司)”和第五段“FamilyandfriendscametoherrescueandkeptBarniesLtd.going.Almostayearlater,healthyandmoreresolutethanever,TerasafoundanationaldistributorandBainiesbegansellingin144storesacrossCanada.(家人和朋友來救她，讓巴尼有限公司繼續(xù)經(jīng)營下去。大約一年后，在比以往任何時候都更健康、更堅定的情況下，Terasa找到了一個全國經(jīng)銷商，巴尼開始在加拿大各地的144家商店銷售)”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了Terasa全心投入救了一只馬，在這其中開創(chuàng)了公司BarniesLtd.的故事，即，她從之前的投入和奉獻中獲得了她的事業(yè)，并且成功了。故選D項。C（2023上·廣東廣州·高三華南師大附中校考階段練習）Anyonecanbelateahandfuloftimes,buttobethepersonwhoisalwayslate—that’sanart,afrustratingart.Or,asideeffectofyourpersonality,scientistshavefound.Sowhatisitthatcausessomepeopletoconstantlymisstrains,makeittotheweddingjustafterthebride’sshownupandregularlyannoytheirfriends?Andwhyisitsohardforustofixit?“Thereareallsortsofpunishmentsforbeinglate,butwearestilllateevenwhenthosepunishmentsandconsequencesexist.”saidJustinKruger,asocialpsychologistatNewYorkUniversity.Oneofthecommonestreasonswhypeoplearefrequentlylateisthat-theyfailtoaccuratelyjudgehowlongataskwilltake—somethingknownastheplanningfallacy.Researchhasshownthatpeopleonaverageunderestimatethetunetocompleteataskbyasignificant40percent.Besides,forever-late-comersaremorelikelytobemultitaskers.A2023studyfoundthatoutof181subwayoperatorsinNewYorkCity,thosewhopreferredmultitaskingweremoreoftenlatefortheirjob.Thisisbecausemultitaskingmakesithardertohavetheawarenessofwhatyou’redoing.It’salsodiscoveredthereisapersonalitytypethat’smorelikelytobelate.Whilehighlynervous,achievement-orientedTypeAindividualsarcmorepossibletobepunctual,TypeBindividuals,however,whoarecalmerandmorerelaxed,haveahigherchancetobelate.Admittedly,knowingallofthisdoesn’tnecessarilyhelpfixtheproblem.Butscientistsarestartingtoworkonstrategiesthatcanslowlyimproveourpunctuality.Forpeoplewhoconstantlyunderestimatetasks,breakingdownanactivityintodetailedstepscanhelppeopleestimatehowlongsomethingwilltakemoreaccurately.Asforyourpersonalitytype,unfortunately,thereisn’tmuchyoucandotochangethat.Butacceptingthatyouneedtostruggleforitmayjusthelp.Acceptance,afterall,isthefirststeptochange.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fallacy”meaninparagrqph3?A．Areasonableargument. B．Amistakenbelief.C．Amodestexpectation. D．Arealisticidea.29．Whichofthefollowingisafeatureofforever-late-comers?A．Theytacklemorethanonetaskatatime.B．Theyplantospendlongertimeonatask.C．Theysufferfromconcentrationdifficulties.D．Theyhavehighexpectationsforachic’vcments.30．Whatisapossiblewaytohelpthosewhoarealwayslate?A．Learningtoacceptwhoyouare. B．Changingyourpersonalitytype.C．Keepingtothetimetableaccurately. D．Divideataskintosmallerones.31．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Latecomersshouldbeseverelypunished.B．Timemanagementcontributestosuccess.C．Thehabitofbeinglateisrelatedtocharacter.D．Acceptingyourpersonalityimprovespunctuality.【答案】28．B29．A30．D31．C【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了人們經(jīng)常遲到的原因，以及科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)遲到的習慣可能與性格有關(guān)。28．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Oneofthecommonestreasonswhypeoplearefrequentlylateisthat-theyfailtoaccuratelyjudgehowlongataskwilltake”（人們經(jīng)常遲到的一個最常見的原因是——他們不能準確地判斷一項任務需要多長時間）以及“Researchhasshownthatpeopleonaverageunderestimatethetunetocompleteataskbyasignificant40percent.”（研究表明，人們平均低估了完成一項任務所需時間的40%。）由此可知，此處為這就是所謂的計劃謬誤。故可猜測劃線單詞fallacy為“謬論”的意思，結(jié)合選項B項Amistakenbelief“錯誤的信念”意思一致。故選B項。29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Besides,forever-late-comersaremorelikelytobemultitaskers.”（此外，永遠遲到的人更有可能同時處理多項任務。）可知，永遠遲到的人的特征可能是一次要處理很多任務，是多重任務的。BCD選項均與原文實意不符。故選A項。30．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Butscientistsarestartingtoworkonstrategiesthatcanslowlyimproveourpunctuality.Forpeoplewhoconstantlyunderestimatetasks,breakingdownanactivityintodetailedstepscanhelppeopleestimatehowlongsomethingwilltakemoreaccurately”（但科學家們正開始研究可以慢慢提高我們準時性的策略。對于那些經(jīng)常低估任務的人來說，將一項活動分解成詳細的步驟可以幫助人們更準確地估計一件事需要多長時間。）可知，對于那些經(jīng)常遲到的人，他們可以將任務分成更小的任務，從而更好的估計任務所花費的時間。故選D項。31．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Anyonecanbelateahandfuloftimes,buttobethepersonwhoisalwayslate—that’sanart,afrustratingart.Or,asideeffectofyourpersonality,scientistshavefound.”（任何人都可能遲到幾次，但做一個總是遲到的人，那是一種藝術(shù)，一種令人沮喪的藝術(shù)。或者，這是你性格的副作用，科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)。）和后文對遲到的人的特征的分析可知，本文主要介紹了遲到的習慣與性格有關(guān)。故選C項。D（2023上·湖南長沙·高三長沙一中?？茧A段練習）ResearchersfromETHZurich,theUniversityofZurich,andtheUniversityHospitalZurichhavemadeasignificantbreakthroughinthefieldofprecisionmedicine.TheyhavedevelopedamachinelearningapproachknownasCellOTthatcanpredicthowindividualcellsreacttospecifictreatments.Thisdevelopmentpromisesmoreaccuratediagnosesandtherapeutics,particularlyinthefightagainstcancer.Precisionmedicine,whichaimstofindthemosteffectivedrugcombinationanddosage(劑量)basedonindividualpatientcharacteristics,hasbeenacriticalgoalinthebattleagainstcancer.Centraltothisisunderstandinghowindividualcellsrespondtotreatment,achallengethattheresearchteamfromZurichhastackledhead-onwiththeirinnovativemethod.CellOTisagroundbreakingapproachthatidentifiesthedistinctreactionsindividualcellswithinalargerpopulationcanhavetoadrug.Theaverageresponseofacellpopulationoftendoesnotcapturethefullcomplexityofhowcertaintumorcellssurviveordevelopresistancetodrugs.CellOTaddressesthisbypredictingtheeffectsofperturbations(擾動)oncells,pavingthewayformoreeffectiveandpersonalizedcancertreatments.Perturbationsarechangescausedbychemical,physical,orgeneticinfluences,suchastheeffectsofdrugsoncancercells.Byunderstandingwhichcellsrespondtoadrugandidentifyingthetraitsofresistantcells,researcherscandevelopnewtreatmentstrategiesthatpreventcellgrowthorcausepathogenic(致病的)cellstodie.ForCellOT,theresearchersusenovelmachinelearningalgorithmsandtrainthesewithbothdatafromunperturbedcellsanddatafromcellsthatchangedafteraperturbationresponse.Intheprocess,thealgorithmlearnshowcellularperturbationreactionsarise,howtheyprogress,andthelikelyphenotypes(顯性類型)ofalteredcellstates.Thestudy,publishedinNatureMethods,showsthatCellOTisnotjusteffectiveforcancercells.Itcanalsobeusedonotherpathogeniccellsinvolvedinautoimmunediseaseslikelupuserythematosus(紅斑狼瘡),indicatingitspotentialinadvancingtreatmentsforvariousdiseases.AkeyinnovationofCellOTisitspredictiveability.Byevaluatingexistingcellmeasurementdata,andthusexpandingtheknowledgeofcellularperturbationreactions,CellOTcanpredicthowindividualcellswillrespondtoperturbationsthathavenotbeenmeasuredinthelaboratory.Thiscapabilityopensupnewavenuesfortargetedandpersonalizedtreatments.WhileCellOTholdsimmensepromise,comprehensiveclinicaltrialsarestillrequiredbeforetheapproachcanbeusedinahospitalsetting.Nevertheless,thedevelopmentofthismethodmarksasignificantsteptowardsamorenuanced(細膩的)understandingofindividualcellresponsestodrugs.Itfuelsthehopeformoreeffectivecancertreatmentsandadvancesinprecisionmedicine.32．Theunderlinedword“this”inParagraph3refersto_______.A．variousresponsesofacellpopulationtodrugsB．theaveragereactionofacellpopulationtodrugsC．theresistancefromagroupofcancercellstodrugsD．thesurvivalofapopulationofcancercellstodrugs33．Accordingtothetext,CellOT_______.A．hasprovedefficientinsomeZurichhospitalsB．cancauseperturbationsinsideahumanbodyC．maybringaboutbettertreatmentsforvariousdiseasesD．focusesonmonitoringthedevelopmentofcancercells34．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThelimitationsofCellOT.B．SuggestionsforCellOTimprovement.C．Anexplanationoffurtherresearch.D．FutureimplicationsofCellOT.35．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AGroundbreakingMedicineforCancerB．PrecisionMedicineisAroundtheCornerC．HowMachineLearningHelpsZurichDoctorsD．CellOT:AdvancingPrecisionCancerTreatment【答案】32．A33．C34．D35．D【導語】本文是一篇科技說明文。文章介紹了醫(yī)學界的一大突破——使用基于機器學習的CellOT技術(shù)來預測人體癌細胞對藥物的反應，為未來針對癌癥進行精準治療奠定基礎(chǔ)。32．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的“CellOTisagroundbreakingapproachthatidentifiesthedistinctreactionsindividualcellswithinalargerpopulationcanhavetoadrug.Theaverageresponseofacellpopulationoftendoesnotcapturethefullcomplexityofhowcertaintumorcellssurviveordevelopresistancetodrugs.(celllot是一種突破性的方法，可以識別更大群體中的單個細胞對藥物的不同反應。細胞群對于藥物的平均反應通常不能反映某些腫瘤細胞如何生存或產(chǎn)生耐藥性的全部復雜性)”可知，“CellOTaddressesthis”指的是CellOT能解決前人解決不了的問題，即上文的“找出組成群體的每個細胞對藥物的不同反應”，也就是“variousresponsesofacellpopulationtodrugs”。故選A。33．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Thestudy,publishedinNatureMethods,showsthatCellOTisnotjusteffectiveforcancercells.Itcanalsobeusedonotherpathogeniccellsinvolvedinautoimmunediseaseslikelupuserythematosus(紅斑狼瘡),indicatingitspotentialinadvancingtreatmentsforvariousdiseases.(這項發(fā)表在《自然方法》雜志上的研究表明，CellOT不僅對癌細胞有效。它還可以用于與紅斑狼瘡等自身免疫性疾病有關(guān)的其他致病細胞，這表明它在推進各種疾病的治療方面具有潛力)”可知，CellOT也有助于其他疾病的治療。故選C。34．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“WhileCellOTholdsimmensepromise,comprehensiveclinicaltrialsarestillrequiredbeforetheapproachcanbeusedinahospitalsetting.Nevertheless,thedevelopmentofthismethodmarksasignificantsteptowardsamorenuanced(細膩的)understandingofindividualcellresponsestodrugs.Itfuelsthehopeformoreeffectivecancertreatmentsandadvancesinprecisionmedicine.(雖然CellOT具有巨大的前景，但在將該方法用于醫(yī)院環(huán)境之前，仍需要進行全面的臨床試驗。然而，這種方法的發(fā)展標志著更細致地了解單個細胞對藥物的反應邁出了重要的一步。它為更有效的癌癥治療和精準醫(yī)學的進步帶來了希望)”可知，本段首先提及CellOT目前的局限性，但接下來重點是對CellOT的光明前景做出預測。故選D。35．主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“TheyhavedevelopedamachinelearningapproachknownasCellOTthatcanpredicthowindividualcellsreacttospecifictreatments.Thisdevelopmentpromisesmoreaccuratediagnosesandtherapeutics,particularlyinthefightagainstcancer.(他們開發(fā)了一種被稱為CellOT的機器學習方法，可以預測單個細胞對特定治療的反應。這一進展有望帶來更準確的診斷和治療方法，特別是在對抗癌癥方面)”可知，文章介紹了醫(yī)學界的一大突破——使用基于機器學習的CellOT技術(shù)來預測人體癌細胞對藥物的反應，為未來針對癌癥進行精準治療奠定基礎(chǔ)，D項“CellOT：推進癌癥精準治療”為最佳標題。選項A存在錯誤：本篇文章的話題是一個旨在用機器算法來幫助攻克癌癥的新技術(shù)，并非治療癌癥的新藥；而選項B“PrecisionMedicineisAroundtheCorner(精準藥物即將到來)”對本文的話題偷換了概念；選項C“HowMachineLearningHelpsZurichDoctors(機器學習如何幫助蘇黎世醫(yī)生)”存在不當之處：CellOT還需要進一步的臨床試驗才能在醫(yī)院投入使用。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（2023上·山東泰安·高三統(tǒng)考期中）BreakingtheHabitofPeople-PleasingIfyoufeellikeyoumaybeapeople-pleaser,you’renotalone.Mostpeoplehaveagrowingdesireforpleasingothers.36Itcanalsoresultinweakboundaries,problemswithdecision-making,andlowself-worth.Forthatreason,it’simportanttorecognizeandovercomeyourownpeople-pleasingbehaviors.Herearesimpleexercisesthatyoucanstartworkingontoday.1.Practicebeingalone37Trustthatpeoplewillnotabandonyou,evenifyoudon’tdropeverythingforthem.Believeyouarelovableforwhoyouare,notwhatyoudo.Practicethisbygoingtoamovieorrestaurantalone.2.Keepplanswithyourself38Otherwise,youaresendingamessagetoyourbrainthataplanyoumakewithyourselfdoesnotholdasmuchvalueasaplanyoumakewithsomeoneelse.Don’tbreakanyplansyoumakewithyourself,whetherit’sgoingtothegymorstudyingforanexam.3.Practicesaying“no”Ifyou’reapeople-pleaseryoumayfindithardtosay“no”becauseyoufeelitcomesacrossascrueloruncaring.39Beclear,bedirect,anduse“I”statements.Trystatementslike:“Iwouldreallylovetobeabletohelpyou,butunfortunately,I