高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 考點(diǎn)二十六 說(shuō)明文練習(xí)（含解析）-人教版高三英語(yǔ)試題

考點(diǎn)二十六說(shuō)明文Cloze1限時(shí)12分鐘NewYear'sEveisatimetocelebrateandenterthenewyearwithasmileonyourface.WhenIwasakid,thethingIenjoyedmostaboutNewYear'sEvewastryingtostayawakeuntilmidnight.Myparentsdidn't__1__metogotobedearly,butmyheavyeyelidsusually__2__mewellbeforethenewyeararrived.WhenIwokeupthenextmorning,mymumwouldaskmeifIwantedtomakeaNewYear's__3__.Ihadno__4__whatitwas.Aftershe__5__ittome,IsaidIwouldtryto__6__lesswithmyolderbrother.Thisgotmea(n)__7__andapatontheheadfrommymum.__8__，theresolutionlastedonlyuntildinnertime,whenmybrotherandIgotintoa(n)__9__aboutwhowouldsetthe__10__.ANewYear'sresolutionisadecisiontodoornottodosomethinginorderto__11__apersonalgoalorbreakahabit.Itcomesatatimewhenpeople__12__thepastyearandmakeaneffortto__13__themselvesasthenewyearbegins.Likemany__14__，NewYear'sresolutionshavealongandinteresting__15__.NewYear'sDaywasfirstcelebrated4,000yearsagoinancientBabylon.AlthoughtheBabyloniansdidnothaveawrittencalendar,historiansdeterminedthatthey__16__thestartofthenewyearinlateMarchwiththearrivalofthespringseason.IfyouwouldliketomakeaNewYear'sresolutionthisyear,therearesome__17__toconsider,forexample,volunteeratachurchoranimalrescueorganization.RememberthatittakesworktokeepaNewYear'sresolution.Don'tworryifyou__18__onceortwice.Ifyouare__19__towhatyouwanttoaccomplish,you'llbea__20__personattheendoftheyearthanatthebeginning.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了新年決心的由來(lái)、重要性及實(shí)現(xiàn)新年決心的途徑。1．A.suggest B．forceC．demand D．forbid答案：B根據(jù)句意及生活常識(shí)可知，孩子平時(shí)是要按時(shí)睡覺(jué)的，但在新年尤其是新年前夕是可以熬夜的，所以父母在這一天不會(huì)強(qiáng)迫“我”去早些睡覺(jué)。故選B。2．A.betrayed B．beatC．surprised D．disappointed答案：B由but可知，此處與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，指新年還沒(méi)到來(lái)，“我”就困了。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，我們困了會(huì)說(shuō)眼皮打架了。故選B。3．A.wish B．guessC．resolution D．comment答案：C根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，新年大人們常要孩子制定新的計(jì)劃，故媽媽會(huì)問(wèn)“我”的新年決心；第二段首句中的“resolution”是提示。故選C。4．A.plan B．opinionC．thought D．idea答案：D“我”不知道那是什么。作為孩子自然不知道新年決心指的什么。故選D。5．A.showed B．passedC．left D．explained答案：D“我”不知道新年決心是什么，所以媽媽就向“我”解釋。explainsth.tosb.“向某人解釋某事”，故選D。6．A.chat B．talkC．fight D．share答案：C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，既然是向媽媽表決心，肯定是好的行為。所以“少與哥哥打架”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。7．A.complaint B．blameC．smile D．honor答案：C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，“我”說(shuō)“我”盡量少與哥哥爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，媽媽拍了“我”的頭，對(duì)“我”的新年決心表示肯定，故可推測(cè)出媽媽是高興的，C符合題意。8．A.Luckily B．UnfortunatelyC．Amazingly D．Honestly答案：B此處指早晨剛向媽媽表決心，可晚餐時(shí)又開(kāi)始和哥哥爭(zhēng)吵了，因此unfortunately“不幸地”符合題意，故選B。9．A.argument B．situationC．conversation D．a(chǎn)greement答案：A不幸的是，決心僅僅持續(xù)到晚餐的時(shí)候，“我”和哥哥又開(kāi)始爭(zhēng)論，故選A。10．A.firework B．bedC．table D．clock答案：C由語(yǔ)境可知，此處指晚餐時(shí)擺餐具，故選C。11．A.accomplish B．designC．create D．a(chǎn)bandon答案：A新年決心是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)人目標(biāo)或改掉習(xí)慣而去做什么或不做什么，故A符合題意。12．A.lookforwardto B．lookbackonC．lookdownupon D．lookoutof答案：B分析后面的賓語(yǔ)是“thepastyear”，指過(guò)去的一年，即回顧過(guò)去的一年；對(duì)新的一年才用lookforwardto...“期待，希望……”，故B符合題意。13．A.improve B．enjoyC．entertain D．relax答案：A分析句意可知，此處指新年伊始，努力提高自己，故選A。14．A.habits B．placesC．countries D．traditions答案：D分析句意并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處指新年決心像其他傳統(tǒng)一樣，故選D。15．A.story B．meaningC．history D．mystery答案：C由下一段中的第一句可知，此處指在新年來(lái)臨前夕表達(dá)決心的傳統(tǒng)有悠久的歷史，故選C。16．A.observed B．witnessedC．fixed D．established答案：A本文主要講述新年的慶祝，此處指巴比倫人在3月末，隨著春季的來(lái)臨慶祝新年的開(kāi)始，observe“慶祝；歡度”，故選A。17．A.requirements B．factorsC．rules D．choices答案：D本句中所舉的例子針對(duì)新年決心提出了幾個(gè)選擇，故D符合題意。18．A.slipup B．makeupC．turnup D．drawup答案：A要堅(jiān)持新年決心是需要努力的。如果你有一兩次疏忽，不要擔(dān)心。slipup“疏忽”，故選A。19．A.calm B．devotedC．grateful D．enthusiastic答案：B由上文中對(duì)新年決心的解釋可知，此處指倘若你專(zhuān)心于你想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的新年決心，故選B。20．A.wealthier B．smarterC．healthier D．better答案：D根據(jù)句意可知，如果你專(zhuān)心于你想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的新年決心，年底時(shí)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己比年初更優(yōu)秀。故選D。Cloze2限時(shí)13分鐘Theworld'slastmalenorthernwhiterhino,Sudan,hasdiedafter“age-relatedcomplications”，researchersannouncedonMarch,20,sayinghe“__1__theheartofmanywithhisdignityandstrength”．Thewhiterhinohadbeenpartofan__2__efforttosavethesubspeciesfromextinctionwiththehelpofthetwosurvivingfemales.Hisdeathwon'thaveanimpactonthe__3__tosavethesubspecies,asthe__4__turnstofertilizationtechniques.“Hewasagreatambassadorforhisspeciesandwillbe__5__fortheworkhedidtoraiseawarenessgloballyofthe__6__facingnotonlyrhinos,butalsothemanythousandsofotherspeciesfacingextinctionasaresultofhuman__7__，”saidRichardVigne.ThelastmalenorthernwhiterhinohadbeenborninSudan,takentoaCzech__8__andthentransferredtoKenyain2009.Rangers__9__Sudandescribedhimasgentle.“Therhinosignificantly__10__tosurvivalofhisspeciesashefatheredtwofemales，”theconservancysaid.“Additionally,hisgeneticmaterialwas__11__yesterdayandprovidesahopeforfuture__12__atreproductionofnorthernwhiterhinos__13__advancedcellulartechnologies.”“Oneday,hisdeathwill__14__beseenasadecisivemomentforconservationistsworldwide，”Vigneadded.“Sudan'sdeathisa__15__symbolofhumanignorefornatureandit__16__everyonewhoknewhim.Butweshouldnotgiveup，”saidJanStejskal.“Wemust__17__theuniquesituationinwhichcellulartechnologiesareusedfor__18__ofcriticallyendangeredspecies.Itmaysound__19__，butthankstothenewlydevelopedtechniquesevenSudancouldstill__20__hischildren.Wewillbehappyforeveryonewhowillhelpusinourjointeffort.”篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。地球上最后一頭雄性北方白犀牛蘇丹在患上與年齡相關(guān)的并發(fā)癥后死亡，但我們可以利用一項(xiàng)新研發(fā)的細(xì)胞技術(shù)來(lái)繁殖犀牛。1．A.broke B．lostC．knew D．stole答案：Dstealone'sheart在這里表示“贏得某人的歡心”。2.A.innocent B．impossibleC．a(chǎn)mbitious D．unrealistic答案：C根據(jù)空格后面的內(nèi)容可知，這是一個(gè)在僅僅剩余的兩頭雌性犀牛幫助下，拯救瀕臨滅絕的犀牛亞種的雄心勃勃的努力。3.A.abilities B．waysC．chances D．efforts答案：D上文已經(jīng)提到了“an__2__effort”，故選efforts。4.A.energy B．focusC．interest D．curiosity答案：B根據(jù)后面的“turnstofertilizationtechniques”可知，這頭雄性犀牛的死亡不會(huì)對(duì)拯救犀牛亞種產(chǎn)生影響，因?yàn)槿藗兊淖⒁饬D(zhuǎn)向了受孕技術(shù)。5.A.remembered B．preparedC．rewarded D．praised答案：A本句是對(duì)這頭犀牛的贊美，說(shuō)明它將被人們永遠(yuǎn)記住。6.A.punishment B．difficultyC．choice D．pressure答案：B根據(jù)后面的“facingnotonlyrhinos,butalsothemanythousandsofotherspeciesfacingextinction”可知，不僅僅是犀牛，其他很多即將滅絕的物種都面臨困難。7.A.population B．senseC．a(chǎn)ctivities D．hobbies答案：C物種瀕臨滅絕，是因?yàn)槿祟?lèi)活動(dòng)的結(jié)果。8.A.house B．farmC．village D．zoo答案：D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這頭犀牛出生后被送往一個(gè)動(dòng)物園，比較符合常識(shí)。9.A.caringfor B．meetingwithC．bringinginto D．shootingat答案：A根據(jù)上下文可知，照顧犀牛Sudan的管理員認(rèn)為它很溫柔。10．A.turned B．contributedC．learned D．a(chǎn)dded答案：B根據(jù)后面的“ashefatheredtwofemales”可知，它是兩頭雌性犀牛的父親，因此它為保護(hù)犀牛物種的生存做出了貢獻(xiàn)。11．A.purchased B．discoveredC．collected D．a(chǎn)nalyzed答案：C根據(jù)空格前后的內(nèi)容可知，它的基因被人類(lèi)收集。12．A.attempts B．trendsC．situation D．successes答案：A由于收集了它的基因，這樣為以后人們嘗試?yán)孟冗M(jìn)的細(xì)胞技術(shù)來(lái)繁殖犀牛提供了一線希望。13．A.by B．withinC．for D．a(chǎn)t答案：A根據(jù)后面的“advancedcellulartechnologies”可知，是通過(guò)先進(jìn)的細(xì)胞技術(shù)來(lái)繁殖犀牛。by“通過(guò)，使用”。14．A.seriously B．hopefullyC．painfully D．completely答案：B與前面的“Oneday”呼應(yīng)，指將來(lái)的某一天，對(duì)于世界各地的環(huán)保主義者們來(lái)說(shuō)，它的死亡將有希望被看成是一個(gè)決定性的時(shí)刻。15．A.great B．hopefulC．cruel D．welcome答案：C與前面的“death”呼應(yīng)，指它的死亡是人類(lèi)忽視自然的一個(gè)殘忍的信號(hào)。16．A.saddened B．comfortedC．touched D．impressed答案：A與前面的“Sudan'sdeath”呼應(yīng)，指它的死亡讓所有了解這頭犀牛的人們感到傷心。17．A.liveupto B．breakawayfromC．putupwith D．takeadvantageof答案：D結(jié)合前面的“weshouldnotgiveup”可知，即使這頭唯一的雄性犀牛死了，我們也不能放棄，我們應(yīng)該利用細(xì)胞技術(shù)來(lái)繁殖犀牛。18．A.conservation B．growthC．birth D．importance答案：A根據(jù)前面的“cellulartechnologies”可知，這種細(xì)胞技術(shù)是為了保護(hù)那些瀕危物種的。conservation“(動(dòng)植物、森林等的)保護(hù)”。19．A.unbelievable B．interestingC．reasonable D．terrible答案：A根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容可知，由于這種新研發(fā)的細(xì)胞技術(shù)，Sudan可能仍然會(huì)有它的孩子，這聽(tīng)起來(lái)令人難以置信。20．A.raise B．haveC．a(chǎn)ffect D．teach答案：B根據(jù)前面的“thankstothenewlydevelopedtechniques”可知，由于新研發(fā)的細(xì)胞技術(shù)，可以使已經(jīng)死亡的Sudan仍然有它的孩子。Cloze3限時(shí)14分鐘Sciencefictionthrillersfrequentlyfeatureaccidentsthatcauseastronautstofloatawayintospace.__1__thishasyettohappenintherealworld,itisa__2__everyastronautisawareofwhenconductingaspacewalk.To__3__suchanaccident,spaceexplorersarenotonlytiedtothespacecraftbutalsofitted__4__abackupsafetykit.SimplifiedAidForEVARescue(SAFER),the“l(fā)ifejacket”，whichis__5__likeabackpack,containsabottleofpressurizednitrogenand__6__thrusters(推進(jìn)器).Incaseanastronautfloatsaway,he/shecanusethecontroller__7__tothefrontofthespacesuittoreturntothespacecraft.Theonly__8__isthatSAFERisoperatedbyhand,whichmeansitisofnouseiftheastronautbecomes__9__，orgetsinjured.To__10__theproblem,theCharlesStarkDraperLaboratoryisworkingwithNASAtocreateanapplicationtostartSAFER__11__.Dubbed“takemehome”，itinvolvesfittingspacesuitswithsensorsthat__12__theastronaut'smovement,acceleration,andrelativepositiontoastationaryspacecraft.SincethereisnoGPSindeep__13__，theteamhascomeupwithtwocleverwaystodeterminetheastronaut'sexact__14__.Thefirstusesacameratocapturethelandmarksaroundtheastronaut,whilethesecondmethod__15__his/herlocationwiththehelpofthesurroundingstars.Incaseofa(n)__16__，theastronautcansimplypressabutton,andthesystemwill__17__him/herbacktothespacecraft.Moreimportantly,thebuttoncanbe__18__controlledbyacrewmembertorescueanastronautintrouble.Thesystemwouldbeusefulforavarietyofother__19__，includingassistingfirefighterstonavigatethroughsmoke-filledrooms,enabling__20__tolandsafely,andevenbringingdisoriented(迷失方向的)deepseadiversbacktothesurface.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一種能把在太空行走中不幸飄走的宇航員安全帶回宇宙飛船的“救生夾克”。1．A.Unless B．ThoughC．Since D．Because答案：Bthough在此引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。2．A.merit B．priceC．process D．risk答案：D雖然這類(lèi)事件在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中還沒(méi)有發(fā)生過(guò)，但這是每一個(gè)從事太空行走的宇航員都非常清楚的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。3．A.prevent B．examineC．witness D．discover答案：Aprevent在此是“預(yù)防”之意。4．A.over B．onC．with D．for答案：Cbefittedwith意為“安裝……，配備……”。太空探險(xiǎn)者不但被與宇宙飛船系在一起，而且配有備用的安全工具包。5．A.treated B．wornC．hung D．folded答案：B太空行走者穿上這種“救生夾克”，這種“救生夾克”看上去像背包一樣。6．A.huge B．clumsyC．potential D．tiny答案：D根據(jù)常識(shí)判斷這個(gè)穿在太空行走者身上的推進(jìn)器會(huì)很小。7．A.devoted B．a(chǎn)ddictedC．a(chǎn)ttached D．a(chǎn)dapted答案：Cattachedto意為“附在……上面”，符合文意。8．A.drawback B．bonusC．a(chǎn)ccess D．solution答案：A由后文可知，唯一的缺點(diǎn)是SAFER是手動(dòng)操控的。9．A.unbearable B．uncertainC．uncomfortable D．unconscious答案：D由“SAFERisoperatedbyhand”可知，這就意味著如果宇航員昏迷或受傷的話，系統(tǒng)就不起作用了。10．A.detect B．spotC．solve D．a(chǎn)nalyze答案：Csolve意為“解決(問(wèn)題)”，符合文意。11．A.mechanically B．a(chǎn)utomaticallyC．magically D．physically答案：B前文“operatedbyhand”有提示，故可判斷這種應(yīng)用程序能自動(dòng)開(kāi)啟SAFER。12．A.change B．copyC．interrupt D．monitor答案：D這些感應(yīng)器能夠監(jiān)測(cè)宇航員的動(dòng)作、加速和與靜止不動(dòng)的宇宙飛船的相對(duì)位置。13．A.space B．seaC．darkness D．silence答案：A在深空中沒(méi)有GPS信號(hào)，他們就想出了兩個(gè)方法來(lái)確定宇航員的準(zhǔn)確位置。14．A.size B．heightC．location D．feature答案：Clocation在此是“方位”之意，符合文意。后文“his/herlocationwiththehelpofthesurroundingstars”也有提示。15．A.keepstrackof B．keepspacewithC．losestouchwith D．takesadvantageof答案：A動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)keeptrackof意為“跟蹤，記錄”，符合文意。keeppacewith“跟上，趕上，并駕齊驅(qū)”；losetouchwith“與……失去聯(lián)系”；takeadvantageof“利用”。16．A.fire B．incidentC．flooding D．emergency答案：Demergency在此意為“緊急情況”，符合語(yǔ)境。17．A.translate B．transplantC．transport D．transform答案：C一旦出現(xiàn)緊急情況，宇航員只要一按按鈕，系統(tǒng)就會(huì)把他/她送到宇宙飛船上。18．A.remotely B．casuallyC．personally D．cautiously答案：A更重要的是，這個(gè)按鈕還可以由其他成員進(jìn)行遙控，以救助處于困境中的宇航員。19．A.models B．a(chǎn)pplicationsC．brands D．versions答案：B這個(gè)系統(tǒng)還有許多其他的用途。20．A.cyclists B．driversC．climbers D．skydivers答案：D后文“l(fā)andsafely”有提示，故skydivers(跳傘運(yùn)動(dòng)員)最佳。Cloze4限時(shí)13分鐘Eco-tourisminvolvespeopletravelingtobeautifulbutenvironmentallysensitiveplaces.Suchtripsare__1__carriedoutwithanexperiencedguide.Overrecentyears,thistypeoftravelhasbeensteadilygaining__2__asmorepeoplesearchfornewtravelexperiences.Eco-tourismhasmanybenefits.First,allthe__3__spentbythetouristsisusedto__4__theimportantenvironmentalspotstheyvisit.Second,ithelps__5__tobetterunderstandtheenvironment,thereby__6__theirknowledgeoftheworld.Furthermore,thisstyleoftravelisalsomore__7__ofthelocalculture.Comparedto__8__tourists,eco-touristsuseenergymoreefficiently,savewaterandproducelessrubbishbyfindingwaysto__9__it.Thesebehaviourshavea__10__andlastingeffectonthelocalenvironment.Twothingsareneededtomakeeco-tourisma(n)__11__.First,itshouldbedoneinsmallgroups.Andsecond,becauseitrequiresconsiderableeffort,botheco-touristsandlocalsmustbe__12__intheircommitmenttoimprovingtheenvironment.Greentravelprovideslocalpeoplewithjobsinparks,__13__andshops.Onegreatachievementofeco-tourismhasbeenthe__14__ofillegalhunting.Formerhunterscannowworkasguidestohelpkeeptheanimals__15__intheirnaturalsurroundings.Greentravelalso__16__localpeople'squalityoflife,especiallychildren's.Peruisonecountryusingeco-tourismtopromoterespectforthe__17__.It'snowabletotakebettercareofitsrainforestsbecauseofa(n)__18__onmoresustainable(不破壞生態(tài)平衡的，可持續(xù)的)travel.__19__this,localpeople'slivingstandardshaveimproved.ManyothersarenowfollowingPeru's__20__andusingeco-tourismtopreservetheirenvironmentforthefuturegenerations.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。近幾年生態(tài)旅游越來(lái)越受到大家的青睞，文章重點(diǎn)陳述了生態(tài)旅游的好處。1．A.finally B．usuallyC．suddenly D．roughly答案：B這樣的旅行通常在有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的導(dǎo)游的幫助下進(jìn)行。故B項(xiàng)正確。2．A.pleasure B．satisfactionC．popularity D．freedom答案：C根據(jù)下文“morepeoplesearchfornewtravelexperiences”可知，更多的人尋求新的旅游體驗(yàn)，所以這種旅行受到大家的歡迎。故C項(xiàng)正確。3．A.money B．timeC．energy D．effort答案：A根據(jù)下文“isusedto__4__theimportantenvironmentalspotstheyvisit”可知，游客所花的錢(qián)被用于重要的生態(tài)景點(diǎn)。故A項(xiàng)正確。4．A.pollute B．protectC．purchase D．explore答案：B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，既然是生態(tài)旅游，那么游客所花的錢(qián)是被用來(lái)保護(hù)生態(tài)景點(diǎn)。故B項(xiàng)正確。5．A.scientists B．huntersC．guides D．visitors答案：D根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，應(yīng)該是生態(tài)旅游有助于游客更好地了解自然環(huán)境。故D項(xiàng)正確。6．A.approving B．confirmingC．enriching D．supporting答案：C根據(jù)上文“betterunderstandtheenvironment,thereby”可知，生態(tài)旅游幫助游客更好地了解自然環(huán)境，因此能夠豐富他們的知識(shí)。故C項(xiàng)正確。7．A.respectful B．a(chǎn)wareC．uncertain D．independent答案：A根據(jù)上文可知，生態(tài)游幫助游客了解、保護(hù)自然環(huán)境，這對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕且环N尊重。berespectfulofsth.“尊重某物”，故A項(xiàng)正確。8．A.rich B．curiousC．lazy D．normal答案：D根據(jù)空格前的“Comparedto”及語(yǔ)境可知，此處指與平常的游客相比，生態(tài)旅游的游客能更有效地使用資源、節(jié)約用水等。故D項(xiàng)正確。9．A.use B．recycleC．copy D．restrict答案：B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，他們想辦法循環(huán)利用資源，目的是減少垃圾的產(chǎn)生。故B項(xiàng)正確。10．A.challenging B．disappointingC．positive D．risky答案：C根據(jù)上文及空格后的“l(fā)astingeffectonthelocalenvironment”可知，這些行為對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境有積極持久的影響。故C項(xiàng)正確。11．A.success B．a(chǎn)dventureC．tool D．symbol答案：A根據(jù)下文提到的兩點(diǎn)可知，人們需要做到這兩點(diǎn)才會(huì)讓生態(tài)游成功。故A項(xiàng)正確。12．A.polite B．sincereC．doubtful D．grateful答案：B根據(jù)下文“theircommitmenttoimprovingtheenvironment”可知，既然是承諾改善環(huán)境，那么態(tài)度應(yīng)該真誠(chéng)。故B項(xiàng)正確。13．A.mines B．factoriesC．schools D．hotels答案：D根據(jù)常識(shí)并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，生態(tài)旅游給當(dāng)?shù)厝颂峁┝嗽诠珗@、賓館和商店工作的機(jī)會(huì)。故D項(xiàng)正確。14．A.ban B．resultC．decline D．a(chǎn)ppearance答案：C本段列舉了生態(tài)旅游的好處。根據(jù)下文“Formerhunterscannowworkasguides”可知，以前的狩獵者現(xiàn)在可以當(dāng)導(dǎo)游，所以生態(tài)游的一個(gè)成就就是非法狩獵行為有所減少。故C項(xiàng)正確。15．A.close B．safeC．friendly D．a(chǎn)ctive答案：B根據(jù)上文可知，生態(tài)游使非法狩獵行為減少了，以前的狩獵者現(xiàn)在當(dāng)導(dǎo)游，這樣有助于保證動(dòng)物的安全。故B項(xiàng)正確。16．A.influences B．examinesC．balances D．improves答案：D本段列舉了生態(tài)旅游的好處。根據(jù)最后一段中的“l(fā)ocalpeople'slivingstandardshaveimproved”可知，生態(tài)旅游也可以改善當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦纳钯|(zhì)量。故D項(xiàng)正確。17．A.environment B．lawC．economy D．hosts答案：A根據(jù)下文“followingPeru's__20__andusingeco-tourismtopreservetheirenvironment”可知，秘魯利用生態(tài)游來(lái)提高人們對(duì)環(huán)境的尊重意識(shí)。故A項(xiàng)正確。18．A.effect B．theoryC．focus D．discussion答案：C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指秘魯將重點(diǎn)放在可持續(xù)旅游上。A項(xiàng)意為“影響”；B項(xiàng)意為“理論”；C項(xiàng)意為“重點(diǎn)；焦點(diǎn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“討論”。故C項(xiàng)正確。19．A.Butfor B．AccordingtoC．Inspiteof D．Inadditionto答案：D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指除了能更好地保護(hù)雨林之外，生態(tài)游還有一個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)，即提高了當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳钏?。A項(xiàng)意為“要不是”；B項(xiàng)意為“根據(jù)”；C項(xiàng)意為“盡管”；D項(xiàng)意為“除……之外”。故D項(xiàng)正確。20．A.example B．ruleC．a(chǎn)dvice D．tradition答案：A根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指許多國(guó)家都效仿秘魯，利用生態(tài)游保護(hù)環(huán)境。followone'sexample意為“效仿某人”，符合語(yǔ)境。故A項(xiàng)正確。Cloze1限時(shí)12分鐘(2020·惠州市高三第一次調(diào)研考試試題)It'sonceagainbeendeclaredtheworld'smostpopularmuseum.__1__，itmaynotbea__2__thingfortheLouvre(盧浮宮)inParis.Themuseumbrokeitsown__3__in2018,welcoming10.2million__4__andclaimingthetopspotinanindexoftheworld'smost－visitedmuseums.ButtheLouvre'suptick(小幅增加)invisitorsis__5__toomuchformanyofitsworkers.And__6__byreceptionandsecuritystaffoverthenumberoftourists__7__throughitsdoorshavehitopeninghoursthroughouttheweek.“TheLouvreissuffocating(使人窒息的)，\”theworkers'unionsaidinastatement.“Thepublichasincreasedbymorethan20%since2009,butthepalacehasnotgrown，\”it__8__.Themuseumwas__9__onMondayandopenedlaterthanadvertisedonWednesday,duetoa__10__withthedissatisfiedworkers.Visitorshave__11__outsidethebuildingthroughouttheweek,andthosewithoutbookingshavebeen__12__.Althoughtensionswithitsworkers__13__，themuseum'sbottomlineislooking__14__.TheLouvrebrokeits2012__15__recordlastyear,markingadramatic__16__fromasharpdownturninvisitsin2017.Thedownturnwasduetoasuddendecreasein__17__inParis.Thesocialmediathatare__18__aboutBeyoncéandJay－Z'smusic__19__filmedatthemuseummayhaveaffectedthatincrease.ButwhilevisitornumbersroseattheLouvre,overallattendancewasrelatively__20__amongthetop20museumsintheworldlastyear.Attendancegrewamongthetop20byjust0.1%from2017to2018.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了游客量的增加使巴黎盧浮宮不堪重負(fù)。巴黎盧浮宮2018年的游客量打破其以往紀(jì)錄，給其工作人員帶來(lái)重壓甚至導(dǎo)致罷工，但帶來(lái)的收益很可觀。1．A.Moreover B．HoweverC．Finally D．Eventually答案：B上文是說(shuō)盧浮宮又一次被宣布成為世界上最受歡迎的博物館。根據(jù)該句中的“maynotbe”及下文游客量上升給盧浮宮工作人員帶來(lái)的重壓可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“然而，對(duì)于巴黎盧浮宮來(lái)說(shuō)，這可能不是一件很好的事情”。故選B。2．A.splendid B．skepticalC．tough D．sad答案：Asplendid意為“極佳的，非常好的”；skeptical意為“懷疑的”；tough意為“困難的；棘手”。由句意知應(yīng)選A。3．A.promise B．ruleC．record D．law答案：C根據(jù)該句中的“thetopspot”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，這家博物館接待了1,020萬(wàn)游客，打破了它的紀(jì)錄。故選C。4．A.musicians B．a(chǎn)rtistsC．visitors D．volunteers答案：C由語(yǔ)境知此處表示游客，故選C。5．A.acquiring B．sufferingC．blaming D．proving答案：D根據(jù)下文中的“TheLouvreissuffocating(使人窒息的)”可知，盧浮宮的游客量的這個(gè)小幅增加最后證明(prove)是盧浮宮的工作人員所不能承受的。6．A.strikes B．quarrelsC．fights D．contests答案：A根據(jù)下文工會(huì)在一份聲明中所說(shuō)的話可知，因?yàn)橛咳氩┪镳^大門(mén)的游客太多，接待處和安保處的工作人員實(shí)行罷工，故選A。7．A.flooding B．jumpingC．crawling D．slipping答案：Aflood意為“大量涌入”；crawl意為“爬行”；slip意為“悄悄疾行；溜”。由句意知，此處應(yīng)選A。8．A.stopped B．a(chǎn)ddedC．started D．paused答案：B根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，工會(huì)在一份聲明中表態(tài)，此處應(yīng)是工會(huì)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)。9．A.decorated B．repairedC．visited D．closed答案：D根據(jù)本句中的“opened”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，該博物館在星期一的時(shí)候閉館，后來(lái)又于周三開(kāi)放。故選D。10．A.lecture B．meetingC．speech D．lesson答案：B結(jié)合選項(xiàng)和常識(shí)可知，推遲開(kāi)放的原因是一次和對(duì)現(xiàn)狀不滿意的盧浮宮工作人員的會(huì)議，故選B。11．A.queued B．dinedC．helped D．served答案：A根據(jù)該句中的“outsidethebuilding”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處表示游客在盧浮宮外面排隊(duì)等候，故選A。12．A.turnedup B．turnedoverC．turnedaway D．turnedon答案：C根據(jù)上文游客量太大，有票的還需排隊(duì)等候可知，那些沒(méi)有訂票的游客就被拒絕進(jìn)入博物館。turnsb.away意為“把某人拒之門(mén)處，不準(zhǔn)某人進(jìn)入”，故選C。13．A.dieout B．payoffC．fadeaway D．goon答案：D盡管博物館和工作人員的這種緊張關(guān)系正在繼續(xù)，但是博物館的收益看起來(lái)還是很可觀。14．A.healthy B．funnyC．tinny D．cozy答案：Ahealthy“健康的”；tinny“(聲音)尖細(xì)的”；cozy“溫暖舒適的”。bottomline表示盈虧線，故此處應(yīng)用healthy。15．A.quality B．a(chǎn)ttendanceC．photo D．worker答案：B盧浮宮于去年打破了它在2012年創(chuàng)下的游客到訪(attendance)紀(jì)錄，故選B。16．A.alarm B．a(chǎn)ttackC．recovery D．prediction答案：C由上文提及破記錄可知，相對(duì)于2017年游客量急劇下降，2018年是一個(gè)巨大的“回升”。故選C。17．A.paintings B．productsC．population D．tourism答案：D參觀盧浮宮屬于旅游行業(yè)。tourism表示“旅游業(yè)”。18．A.innocent B．selfishC．crazy D．generous答案：C此處表示對(duì)在盧浮宮拍攝的Beyoncé和Jay－Z特別癡迷的社交媒體也造成了此次游客量的增加。becrazyaboutsb./sth.“對(duì)某人/某物著迷”為固定搭配。19．A.concert B．videoC．festival D．industry答案：B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指這兩位紅歌手的音樂(lè)錄影帶(video)在博物館取景拍攝，故選B。20．A.high B．hugeC．round D．flat答案：D根據(jù)該句中的“Butwhile”和下文中的“byjust0.1%”可知，雖然盧浮官的游客量是上升的，但是世界上前20名的博物館的整體的到訪率相對(duì)而言是不景氣的(flat)。Cloze2限時(shí)12分鐘(2019·重慶七校高三上學(xué)期聯(lián)合考試)Thejobofraisingchildrenisatoughone.Childrendon'tcomewithaninstructionmanual(說(shuō)明書(shū)).Andeachchildis__1__.Soparentssometimespulltheirhairoutinfrustration,not__2__whattodo.Butinraisingchildren,whatwedois__3__byourculture.Naturallythen,AmericanparentsteachtheirchildrenbasicAmerican__4__.ToAmericans,thegoalofparentsistohelpchildren__5__ontheirownfeet.From__6__，eachchildmaygethisorherownroom.Aschildrengrow,theygetmore__7__tomaketheirownchoices.__8__choosetheirownformsofentertainment,aswellasthefriendsto__9__themwith.Whenthey__10__youngadulthood,theychoosetheirownjobsandmarriage__11__.Ofcourse,manyyoungadultsstill__12__theirparents'adviceandapprovalforthechoicestheymake.Butoncethey“l(fā)eavethe__13__”ataround18to21yearsold,theywanttobeontheirown,not__14__totheirmothers'apronstrings(圍裙帶)．TherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildreninAmericaisveryinformal.Americanparents__15__theirchildrenasindividuals—notasextensionsofthemselves.They__16__themtoachievetheirowndreams.Americanspraise,encourageandgivetheirchildrenthe__17__tosucceed.Whenchildrenbecomeadults,theirparentsbecomemorelike__18__.But__19__topopularbelief,mostadultAmericansdon'tmaketheirparentspayforroomandboardwhentheirparentscometo__20__them.Evenasadults,theyrespectandhonortheirparents.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)人養(yǎng)育孩子的方式。1．A.strange B．differentC．new D．unlike答案：B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)可知，每個(gè)孩子都是不同的(different)，故選B。2．A.noticing B．rememberingC．knowing D．deciding答案：C與上文“Childrendon'tcomewithaninstructionmanual(說(shuō)明書(shū))．”呼應(yīng)可推知，父母不知道(knowing)如何應(yīng)對(duì)，很沮喪，故選C。3．A.influenced B．madeC．controlled D．changed答案：A根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)可推知，父母在養(yǎng)育孩子方面的做法會(huì)受相關(guān)文化的影響(influenced)，故選A。4．A.services B．standardsC．laws D．values答案：D與上文“byourculture”呼應(yīng)可推知，此處表示美國(guó)的父母會(huì)教給孩子們基本的美國(guó)式價(jià)值觀(values)，故選D。5．A.sit B．getC．stand D．rise答案：C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示幫助孩子獨(dú)立，與下文“theywanttobeontheirown”呼應(yīng)。standonone'sownfeet為固定用法，表示“獨(dú)立自主，自立”。故選C。6．A.adulthood B．girlhoodC．boyhood D．childhood答案：D根據(jù)下文“Aschildrengrow”可推知，此處表示從幼年(childhood)開(kāi)始，孩子們就有屬于自己的房間，故選D。7．A.freedom B．spaceC．time D．money答案：A根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及下文“tomaketheirownchoices”可推知，隨著孩子們長(zhǎng)大，他們有更多的自由(freedom)去自己作決定。8．A.Adults B．TeenagersC．Americans D．Parents答案：B承接上文“Aschildrengrow”，并與下文“Whenthey__10__youngadulthood”呼應(yīng)可推知，此處表示青少年(Teenagers)，故選B。9．A.help B．joinC．share D．provide答案：C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示青少年自己選擇娛樂(lè)的方式，以及分享(share)這些娛樂(lè)方式的朋友。sharesth.withsb.意為“與某人分享某物”，故選C。10．A.gain B．passC．become D．reach答案：D結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及下文中的“youngadulthood”可推知，此處表示孩子們到(reach)了人生的另一個(gè)階段，故選D。11．A.wives B．partnersC．husbands D．couples答案：B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及空前的“marriage”可知，此處表示選擇他們的配偶(partners)，故選B。12．A.seek B．inviteC．try D．choose答案：A根據(jù)該句中的“still”“advice”，并結(jié)合常識(shí)可推知，對(duì)于自己的選擇，許多年輕人會(huì)尋求(seek)父母的建議和贊同。13．A.room B．studyC．nest D．place答案：C根據(jù)下文中的“theywanttobeontheirown,not__14__totheirmothers'apronstrings(圍裙帶)”和空前的“l(fā)eave”可推知，孩子們?cè)?8歲到21歲左右離家獨(dú)立。leave/flythenest為固定用法，表示“搬出父母家，離家獨(dú)立”。故選C。14．A.connected B．heldC．stuck D．tied答案：D根據(jù)上文中的“theywanttobeontheirown”，并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可推知，此處表示長(zhǎng)大成人的孩子們不想系(tied)在媽媽的圍裙帶上，想獨(dú)立自主，故選D。betiedtosth.意為“和某物聯(lián)系在一起，依附于某物”。15．A.look B．viewC．think D．recognize答案：B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示美國(guó)父母把孩子們視為(view)個(gè)體。固定詞組view...as...意為“把……視為……”，符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。16．A.hope B．suggestC．a(chǎn)llow D．command答案：C根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示美國(guó)父母允許(allow)孩子們?nèi)?shí)現(xiàn)他們自己的夢(mèng)想。固定詞組allowsb.todosth.意為“允許某人做某事”，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。17．A.power B．trustC．energy D．confidence答案：D根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及該句中的“praise”“encourage”可推知，美國(guó)父母給予孩子們信心(confidence)去獲得成功，故選D。18．A.friends B．companionsC．members D．seniors答案：A根據(jù)上文“TherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildreninAmericaisveryinformal.”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可推知，當(dāng)孩子們長(zhǎng)大成人，父母會(huì)變得更像孩子的朋友(friends)了，故選A。19．A.known B．similarC．contrary D．due答案：CBut表示轉(zhuǎn)折，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示與普遍的看法相反。固定詞組contrarytosth.意為“與……相反”，故選C。20．A.notice B．visitC．watch D．observe答案：B根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，此處表示當(dāng)父母來(lái)訪(visit)時(shí)，美國(guó)人并不會(huì)讓父母支付食宿費(fèi)用，故選B。Cloze3限時(shí)12分鐘(2019·福建福州龍?zhí)┮恢懈呷钥?Inmanymoviesandbookssetinthefuture,robotscanflyspaceships,workasmaidsorbutlers,andevenactaspoliceofficers.The5-foot,300-pound“K5”robotsarepartofatrialprogramto__1__amachine'sabilitytoperformthedutiesofasafetyofficer.Therobotsare__2__withHDsecuritycameras,sensors,alarms,etc.Inaddition,theyhaveanartificialintelligencesystemthatwill__3__ahumansecurityguardiftherobotsnoticeanythingunusual.Therobots'__4__canalsoanalyzefacesandreadlicenseplates.Therobotscancheckwhetheraplate__5__belongstoastolenvehicle.Plus,therobots'onboardcamerasareableto__6__goodqualityvideoinlow-lightconditions.TheK5isableto__7__throughitsenvironmentbyusingGPSaswellasaninternalnavigationsystem.EachtimetheK5isbroughttoa__8__place,ahumanusesawirelesscontrollerto__9__therobotaroundthearea.ThishelpstheK5“l(fā)earn”aboutits__10__.“Yougiveitabasemapandthenitstarts__11__fromthat，”saysStacyStephens,theco-founderofKnightscope.Unlikehumans,theK5securityguardsdon'tneed__12__—theycanworkalmost24hoursaday.Therobotsrunonrechargeablebatteries,andasingle__13__lasts24hours.Ifarobotnoticesthatitsbatteryisgetting__14__，itwillreturntoachargingportandplugitself__15__.Ittakesonly15－20minutesforittofullyrecharge