2021年高考英語調(diào)研大一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)33Unit3UndertheseaB卷

課時(shí)作業(yè)33UndertheseaⅠ.閱讀理解A(廈門外國語學(xué)校階段考試)Untilrecently,scientistshadmappedonlyabout20percentoftheseafloor.Butourknowledgeofthedeepseasischangingbecauseofinformationfromsatellites.Scientistshaveproducedanewmapthatprovidesadetailedpictureoftheoceans.Themapisexpectedtohelpoceanographers(海洋學(xué)家),industryandgovernments.Thenewmapistwiceasdetailedasthemapmade20yearsago.DavidSandwellisageophysicsprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia.Heandotherscientistsworkedonthemappingproject.Hesaystheyturnedtospacetolookdeeperintotheocean.Thescientistscollectedandstudiedinformationfromtwosatellites.SomeofthedatacamefromtheEuropeanSpaceAgency'sCryo-2satellite.ItwasplacedinEarth'sorbittowatchseaice.TheothersatelliteistheAmericanSpaceAgency'sJason-1.Itisstudyingthesurfaceoftheoceans.Scientistscombinedthesatellitedatawithimagesgatheredbysonar(聲吶)equipmentonships.Sonarworksbysendingsoundwavesthroughthewater.Whenthesoundwaveshitanobject,itspresenceisconfirmed.Thenewmapshowstheseafloorasithasneverbeenseenbefore.Itshowsthousandsofunderwatermountainsandplaceswherecontinentspulledapart.Itshowswhereearthquakeswereactivemanyyearsago.Theyallareburieddeepunderneaththeoceanfloor.DavidSandwellsaysthemapisapowerfultoolforfisheries,thoseinterestedinprotectingtheenvironmentandforoilexploration.“Thepetroleumexplorationindustryisinterestedinhowtoreconnectthecontinents,bringthembacktogethertectonicallysoyoucanmapthebasinsononecontinentaledge—say,Africa—andusethattoestablishwherethesimilarbasinwouldbeontheothercontinentaledgeinSouthAmerica.”Ifscientistsknowthatinformation,theymaybeabletofindoilfields.Thenewdataalsowillhelpscientistsimprovetheirestimatesofoceandepths.Thisinformationcanhelpshipstravelsafelyandimprovemilitaryoperationsandscientificprojectsworldwide.MrSandwellthinksscientistswillmakemanymorediscoveriesastheyexaminethenewmapandtheinformationitprovides.這是一篇介紹關(guān)于新的海洋洋流地圖的科普類文章。這個(gè)地圖不僅能提供詳細(xì)的大洋的圖片而且還可以看到大洋底部的狀況，我們通過這個(gè)地圖可以判斷多年前發(fā)生在海洋底部的大地震。1．WhichoneisNOTmentionedaboutthebenefitsbroughtbythenewmap?A．Fisheries. B．Scientificprojects.C．Shipmanufacture. D．Oilexploration.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“...themapisapowerfultoolforfisheries,thoseinterestedinprotectingtheenvironmentandforoilexploration.”可知，新式地圖的編制有利于漁業(yè)，環(huán)境科學(xué)研究以及石油勘探等方面，但并沒提到造船業(yè)。2．Whatcanweknowaboutthenewmap?A．Itshowswhereearthquakeswillhappen.B．Itwillbehelpfultoindustryandgovernments.C．Itisthreetimesasdetailedastheoldoneyearsago.D．Itshowstheseafloorasithaseverbeenseenbefore.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Themapisexpectedtohelpoceanographers(海洋學(xué)家),industryandgovernments.”可知，新式地圖有望幫助海洋學(xué)家，工業(yè)及政府。3．Thetextislikelytoappearin________.A．a(chǎn)newspaper B．a(chǎn)nadvertisementC．a(chǎn)sciencemagazine D．a(chǎn)financereport答案：C解析：推理判斷題?？v觀全文，主要講述了新式地圖給海洋科學(xué)、工業(yè)科學(xué)、石油勘探等方面帶來的有利之處。故可以推測(cè)該文來源于科技雜志。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ThedetailedpictureoftheoceansB．UnderwatermountainsandplacesC．MorediscoveriesabouttheoceansD．Scientistscreatenewmapsofoceanfloor答案：D解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Scientistshaveproducedanewmapthatprovidesadetailedpictureoftheoceans.Themapisexpectedtohelpoceanographers(海洋學(xué)家),industryandgovernments.”以及下文對(duì)新式地圖繪制過程及在各領(lǐng)域方面的運(yùn)用可知，本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家繪制的新式海底地圖。B(哈爾濱第三中學(xué)模擬考試)Diseasesspreadinmanyways.Aninfectedpersoncancoughorsneezeonsomeonenearby,orheorshecanspreadgermsthroughahandshake.Butsometimeswepickupgermsindirectly.Asickpersonmightleavebehindbacteriaorviruseswhenheorshetouchesadoorhandle,forexample.Butwhatifthosesurfacescouldcleanthemselves?TwoteenagersfromHongKongaskedthemselvesthesamequestion.Nowthey'vedevelopedadoorhandlethatcankillgermsoncontact.Theideaissimple:everytimethedoorisopened,themovementcreatespowerthatstartsagerm-killingreactiononthehandle.Inlabtests,theirsystemkilledabout99.8percentofthegermsthattheyspreadontolabdishescoveredwiththeirmaterial.Researchbyothershasshownthatdoorhandlesinpublicareasareoftenhometolotsofbacteriaandviruses,notes17-year-oldSumMing(Simon)Wong.HeandhisschoolmateKinPong(Michael)Li,18,wantedtodesignacoveringfordoorhandlesthatwouldkillgerms.Afterdoingsomeresearch,theylearnedthatamineralcalledtitaniumdioxideisknowntokillbacteria.It'salreadyusedinmanyproducts,frompaintstodesserts.Tomaketheircovering,theteenagersmadethemineralintoaveryfinepowder.Titaniumdioxidekillsbacteriabestwhenlitbyultravioletlight,saysSimon.UVlightisfoundinsunlight.ButUVlightdoesnotnaturallyshineonindoorhandlesandcan'tbeusedatnight,sotheteenagerslighttheirdoorhandlesfromwithin.Tomakesurethelightreachesthecoatedsurface,theteenagersmadeeachoftheirdoorhandlesoutofclearglass.Eachendfitsintoabracket(托架).Insideoneofthebrack-etsisastronglight-emittingdiode(LED).FromitcomesUVlight.Andhere'stheinterestingpart:thepowerthatmakestheUVlightshinecomesfromopeningandclosingthedoor.ThepowerfromthedooristhencarriedbywiretotheLEDinsidethedoorhandle.Thedoorhandlesystem,MichaelandSimonsay,mightcostnomorethanabout$13tobuild.本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了兩名青少年發(fā)明了一種門把手，這種把手可以殺死留在上面的病菌。5．Thewaysdiseasesspreadarementionedatthebeginningofthetextto________.A．demonstratehowmostdiseasesarespreadindirectlyB．remindreadersoftheimportanceofcleaningtheirhandsC．explainhowtokillbacteriaorviruseseffectivelyD．helptodescribeanewinventionthatpreventsdiseasesfromspreading答案：D解析：推理判斷題。本文介紹了兩名青少年發(fā)明了一種可以殺死病菌的門把手。文章首段提到病菌傳播的方式就是為了引出這項(xiàng)新發(fā)明，故選D項(xiàng)。6．MichaelandSimon'sdoorhandle________.A．istooexpensiveforordinaryfamiliesB．ispoweredbythemovementC．worksbetteratnightthaninthedaytimeD．ismadeofametalthatcantakeintheUVlight答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“...everytimethedoorisopened,themovementcreatespowerthatstartsagerm-killingreactiononthehandle.”可知，這種把手是通過使用者開關(guān)門來產(chǎn)生動(dòng)力的，故選B項(xiàng)。7．TheLEDisplacedinsidethebracketsto________.A．supplyenoughpowertothehandlesystemB．producetitaniumdioxidetokillbacteriaC．provideUVlighttohelptitaniumdioxideworkbetterD．directtheUVlightinsunlighttothecoatedsurface答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段第一句和第七段最后兩句可知，LED會(huì)產(chǎn)生紫外線，二氧化鈦受到紫外線照射就可以從最大程度上殺死病菌，故選C項(xiàng)。8．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsMichaelandSimon'sdoorhandlesystem?A．Cautious. B．Critical.C．Enthusiastic. D．Disappointed.答案：C解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。結(jié)合文中作者敘述該發(fā)明的語句“Theideaissimple...”“Andhere'stheinterestingpart...”可知，作者對(duì)這項(xiàng)發(fā)明是很熱情的，故選C項(xiàng)。Ⅱ.完形填空(江西撫州臨川一中檢測(cè))Twoyearsago,whenIwasstillatuniversity,Ialsoworkedatarestaurant.EverydayIwouldseepeoplesittingthere,doingwhateverthey__1__.HowIenviedthem!Icouldn't,__2__，becauseIhadtoworkninehoursadayand__3__therestofthetime.FortherestofmylifeIwill__4__thedifficultiesofthattimeforever.LastSunday,itwasrainy;a__5__washittingthecity.Whataperfectdaytositand__6__！Iwentintoacoffeebar,orderedacupofcoffee,andsatdowntoreadthenewspaper.Thenanoldman,helpedbyanurse,enteredwithhiswholebodyshaking.Everystepseemedtobea__7__forhim.Iwasn'tsure,buthelooked__8__tome.Iapproachedhim,andrecognizedhimasoneofmycustomerstwoyearsago.Hewasaretiredprofessor.Wehadbecomefriendsinthe__9__.Weoftendidwordpuzzlestogether,andhewasalwaysthefirstto__10__.Oneday,aftersomeweeks,Ifinallyfinishedbeforehim.Thenextdayhegaveme,asa__11__，anexpensiveScrabbleset,whichIwould__12__havebeenabletoaffordmyself.Ifeltvery__13__whenIsawhimagainthistime.Hehadlovedto__14__，butnowhismouthcouldnotmanageit.__15__andwiseashehadbeen,hewasstruckbykidneycancerlikeanordinaryman.ItoldhimIhadgotmarriedanddecidednotto__16__mystudies.Iwasembarrassed__17__IknewIwaslettinghimdown,butheseemedtosensemy__18__andsaidsomethingIwouldnever__19__.“Kate,manypeoplespendtheirwholelife__20__happiness.Bethankfulthatyouhavefoundit.”在一個(gè)暴雨天，作者在一家咖啡店里喝咖啡，遇到了幾年前在打工的飯店里認(rèn)識(shí)的一位老人，老人的一句話讓她感觸頗深。1．A.liked B．interestedC．imagined D．chose答案：A解析：“我”每天都能看到顧客坐在那里做他們喜歡做的事情。2．A.meanwhile B．howeverC．therefore D．whatever答案：B解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，“我”卻不能這樣做。這句話與上文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選however。3．A.date B．studyC．sleep D．play答案：B解析：文章首句談到“我”一邊學(xué)習(xí)，一邊工作。這里應(yīng)填study。4．A.desire B．describeC．remember D．record答案：C解析：“我”以后會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)記住那個(gè)時(shí)期所經(jīng)歷的困難。5．A.bomb B．planeC．flood D．storm答案：D解析：前半句提示為雨天，應(yīng)選storm。6．A.relax B．entertainC．talk D．wait答案：A解析：這一天特別適合坐下來休息。7．A.pleasure B．surpriseC．power D．struggle答案：D解析：根據(jù)上一句可知，這位老人身體顫抖得厲害，看起來走路對(duì)他來說都是件困難的事。beastruggle“是困難(費(fèi)勁)的事”。8．A.funny B．strang