2023北京朝陽區(qū)高二下學(xué)期期末英語試題及答案

2023北京朝陽高二（下）期末英語2023.7（考試時間100分鐘滿分100分）本試卷共10頁。考生務(wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分知識運用（共三節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，共分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。WhenIwasinseventhgrade,IvolunteeredatalocalhospitalduringtheIspentmostofthetimetherewithGillespie,__1__tohimandhelpingwithanythingthatneededbedone.He__2__hadanyvisitors,andnobodyseemedtocareabouthiscondition.Hebecameaclosefriendofmine,eventhoughhe__3__withonlyoccasionalpressonhand.Gillespiewasinacoma（昏迷）.ThenIleftforaweektovacationwithparents,andwhenIcameback,Gillespiewasgone.Ihavethenervetoaskthenurseswherehewas,for__4__theymighttellmehehaddied.SeveralyearsInoticeda___5___facethegasstation.Hewasalive!IwentovertoaskhimitwasGillespiewasinafiveyearsago.uncertainlookonhisface,herepliedyes.WhenIexplainedwhoIwas,tears___6___inhiseyes,andhegavemethewarmesthugIhadeverreceived.Gillespiebegantellmeashe___7___thereacoma,hecouldsensemypresence.Hefirmlybelievedthatwasmy___8___thathadkepthimalive.bothcriedforawhile,exchangedahug,andwentourseparateways.AlthoughIseenhimsince,fillsmyheartwithjoyeveryIknowthatImadea___9___betweenhislifeanddeath.Morehehasalsomadeanenormousinfluencelife.Iwillneverhim.He___10___help.1.A.pointing2.A.justB.wavingB.neverC.listeningC.sometimesC.respondedC.envyD.talkingD.alwaysD.operatedD.sorrowD.magic3.A.promised4.A.angerB.admittedB.fear5.A.familiar6.A.wentback7.A.layB.seriousB.felloverB.grewC.typicalC.driedoutC.waitedD.welledupD.tested8.A.smileB.courageB.suggestionC.adviceD.voice9.A.connectionC.differenceC.guaranteesD.decisionD.strengthens10.A.representsB.deserves第二節(jié)選詞填空（共10小題；每小題1分，共分）閱讀下面句子，根據(jù)句意，從方框中選擇恰當?shù)脑~或詞組并用其正確形式填空。HaveanimpactonMakeupmindreliablebarriersubmitrevealberesponsiblecompetitivefigureoutendupneedadegreeto________injobmarket.12.needmore________informationbeforewecantakeaction.13.Themountainsactedasanatural________thespreadofthedisease.14.Themoviewewantedtoseewassoldoutwe________seeingadifferentone.15.Ifyou________something,isyourdutytodealwithitandmakedecisionsrelatingtoit.16.Thoseinterestedinthepositionshould________theirapplicationstotheStudentUnion.17.AsurveyoftheBritishdiet________thatagrowingnumberofpeopleareoverweight.18.hadaveryproductivemeetingbecauseIfeltwe________alotofproblems.19.innovation________economyquite20.Summervacationiscoming,butI________wheretotakevacation.（請務(wù)必將第至題的答案寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)）第三節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1分，共分）閱讀下面句子，根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1閣恰當?shù)脑~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。21.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.22.Network_________(establish)in2022andhasalreadyworked23.Thisis_________myfatherhastaughtme-toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.24.Arescuerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.25.Thenationalparkhasacollectionofwildlife,_________(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.26.I_________(read)halfoftheEnglishnovel,andI’lltrytofinishattheweekend.27.Unless_________(invite)tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.28.Theheadmasterhasmade_________clearthatthemeetingwillnotbeput29.Theexperiment_________(conduct)thelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.30._________(see)fromthetopofthehill,thecityappearsmoresplendid.（請務(wù)必將第21至30題的答案寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共題；每小題2分，共分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。APublicspeakingcanbestressful,butpreparationcanreducethestressofspeakingfrontofpeople.Hereareastepstohelpyoumakepresentation.???Selectandresearchyourtopicreadingwillhelpyougatherenoughmaterialandfocusyourresearchatthepreparationstage.Developaroughoutlineofwhatyoumightinclude-thiscancomefromanykeypointsyourlecturehastoldyoutoinclude.Organizeyourresearchintoyouroutline.Keepthetimelimitinmind,andmakeanycutsofunnecessaryorirrelevantinformation.?adraftofyourspeech.Itisespeciallyusefulifyouareusingvocabularythatyoumightbefindingdifficultto??Summariseyourwrittenspeechintobriefnotes.Thesewilleventuallybecomeyournumberednotecards.Prepareanyvisualthatyouaregoingtousesupportyourpresentation.Remembervisualaidsshouldbesimpleandeffectiveinsupportingwhateveryouaresaying.Practise???Knowyourstuff-confidencecomeswithknowledgeofcontent,Ifyouknowwhatyouaretalkingabout,thenyoufeelnervousaboutwhatyouaregoingPracticepresentingyourspeechfrontofaandifyouhaveenoughcourage,askyourtrustedfriendswatchyou.Themoreyoupractice,themoreconfidentyouwillbe.Askforconstructiveadvice.Askyourfriendsforadviceaboutyourgestures,speedofandeventheclarityofyourmessage.Present???Gettothepresentationearlyandmeetyouraudienceastheywalkin.Thismightbeagoodwaycalmyournerves,asyouknowwhointheroom.Practicestandingatthefronttogetyourfeeltheroomandspacebeforeyoubegin.Also,makesureanytechnologythatyouareusinginthepresentationisworking.Relax-ifyouarefullyprepared,youwillmakeit!31.Whatcanbeincludedintheoutlineofyourspeech?A.Thereasonyouchoosethetopic.B.keypointsrequiredtalkabout.C.wordsyoufindhardtoD.Thelistofmaterialreadonthetopic.32.Howcanyoureducenervousnessinapresentation?A.Knowyourspeechcontentwell.B.Arrivethepresentationontime.C.alltheadvicefromyourfriendsD.Usenotechnologycaseitgoeswrong.33.makeanspeech,youneedto__________.A.writedowneverydetailonthenumberednotecardsB.presentasmuchinformationaspossibletoconveyyourideasC.readextensivelytocollectsufficientmaterialrelatedyourtopicD.usevividcomplexvisualaidsdrawtheattentionofaudienceBMywifeHannahandIusuallykeephouseplants.Anythingpotsgetseitheroverwateredorunderwatered.Aftermydiagnosis（診斷）withabrainIlovedhavesomethinggreenandalivearoundus.thenIgotaluckybambooplantinapotfromfriendMitch.ItoldHannahIwantedtocarefortheplantmyself.Asaphysician,Iwasusedtoprovidingcare.Sincemydiagnosis,Ihadrelyonhelpfromotherpeople,leavingmefeelingaimlessandupset.theplanttaughtmeIcouldstillbeaOverthenextfewmonths,Irecoveredfromsurgeryandcompletedthefirstroundoftreatment.BoththebambooandIwerethriving（繁榮）.Then,beganshowsignsofstress.NomatterwhatIdid,theleaveskeptdroppingtothemakingdiscouragedand“Ievencareforsimpleplant!”Iyelled.“I’mfailing!”Hannahremindedmethatwe’dseenhouseplantsdiebefore.SheaskedmeIwasgettingworkedupaboutthisparticularone.“Ifmyluckybamboodies,”Icriedout,“Imightdietoo!”Identifyingwiththeplanthadmecomfort,Nowthattheplantwasstruggling,Ifeltincreasinglyfearful.oneIrealizedIhadwronglyconnectedmycarefortheplant-somethingoverwhichIhadleastsomecontrol-withownsurvival-somethingoverwhichIhadnocontrol.Whenmycancerreturned,itwouldnotbebecauseofanyfailureonmypart-notbecauseIatesugaroccasionallyandcertainlynotbecauseIfailedkeepthisplantalive.Asmyanxietylessened,Ilearnedfromonlinetipscareformydyingplant.Imovedthebambootoalargerpot,separatingitsrootstogiveitroomWhenitwasbackthesunnywebothbegantothriveagain.34.Whatmadetheauthorchangehisattitudetowardkeepinghouseplants?A.HerecoveredfromB.Hegotaluckybambooplant.D.Helearnedhowwateraplant.C.Hewasdiagnosedwitha35.Whatwasthemaincausefortheanxiety?A.HisstrugglewithB.Hisdecisioncarefortheplant.C.Hisinabilitytolookafterhimself.D.Hisbelieflinkinghissurvivalto36.Whatcanlearnfromthepassage?A.Everythingcomestothosewhowait.B.PositivethinkingisacureofC.yourselfthatyoucandoandgetit.D.carrythepassporttoyourownsuccess.CGrowingup,Chelseadreamedofbecomingaseabiologistandstudyingexcitinganimalslikesharks.Instead,shelaterfoundherselflookingthroughamicroscopeattheofasnail（蝸牛）andsawthousandsoflittlewhitesausage-shapedparasites（寄生蟲）.Throughthemicroscope,eachparasitehadtwodarkeyespots,whichmadethemsurprisinglyattractive.“Icouldn’tbelievethatI’dbeenlookingatsnailsforaslongasIhadandmissingallthecoolhappeninginsidethem,”saysnowaparasitologistatUniversityofNearlyhalfofallknownanimalsonEarthareparasites.Accordingoneatenthofthemalreadybecertaintoextinctionduetoclimatechange,lossoftheirhosts,andintentionalattemptsofwipingthemout.Butnowitseemsthatpeoplecare.Bydefinition,parasitesliveoronahostandtakesomethingfromthathost.Nutnotallparasitescauseharm,andonlyasmallpercentagetheirhosts.Infact,parasitesplayEssentialrolesinecosystems,Keepingsomepopulationscheckwhilehelpingtofeedothers.parasiteskeepingthemincheck,populationsofsomeanimalswouldexplode.Manyparasitesmoveintotheirnexthostbycontrollingthehostthey’rein,whichdrivethathostintomouthsothattheanimalcanbefed.Evenhumanhealthentirelybenefitfromwipingoutparasites.Thehumanimmunesystem（免疫系統(tǒng)）evolvedwithagroupofparasites,andwhenwekilledthemourimmunesystemsbeganattackingourselves.Somepeoplewithdiseasehaveevenpurposelyinfectedthemselveswithintestinal（腸道的）parasiteslivedeservesourattention.Ifyougetunderstandthem,youfindthebraveryandattractionofparasites.They’veevolvedclevermeansofsurvival,frombecomingatonguetocontrollingthemindofcockroach（蟑螂）scientistseagersavealltheparasites.Theguineaworm,forinstance,getsahardpassfromeventhemoststubbornconservationists.Itgrowsadulthoodinsidealeg,causingharmtohealth.goalofpromotingparasiteconservationtomakeeveryonefallinlovewiththem.Instead,tocallarelaxationourwaragainstallofthem,becausestillsomuchweunderstandabouttheirvaluetoecosystemsandmaybeeventopeople.37.WhatdoestheauthorindicatebyreferringChelseastory?A.Allparasitologistsinitiallyintendedtostudyparasites.B.Parasiteseasilyignoredcomparedwithanimals.C.Animalslikesharkshavemoreresearchvaluethanparasites.D.Scientistsstudyparasitesbecauseoftheirattractiveappearance.38.Theauthorusestheexampleunderlinedinparagraph4to__________.A.introduceanapproachC.presentanassumptionB.drawacomparisonD.illustrate39.Whatcaninferfromthepassage?A.Parasitescansmartlysurvivewithouttheirhosts.B.Conservationistsbelieveallparasitesshouldbeprotected.C.Someparasitesareimportantthebalanceofourecosystem.D.Parasitescanchangetheirhostsbydirectlymovingontootheranimals.40.Whichwouldbethebesttitlethepassage?A.WhyareparasitesDyingOut?B.WhyShouldSpareParasites?C.HowDoParasitesEcosystems?D.HowCanCreateaParasites?DTheartificial-intelligencechatbotChatGPThasshakeneducatorssinceitsNovemberrelease.NewCitypublicschoolshavebannedfromtheirnetworksandschooldevices.Thereis,perhapsonesubjectareathatseemthreatened,ItturnsoutChatGPTisquitebadmaths.“I’mnothearingmathsinstructorsexpressconcernaboutsaidPaulvonHippel,aprofessorattheUniversityofwhostudiesdatascienceandstatistics.“I’mnotsureusefulformathsatall,whichfeelsstrangebecausemathswasthefirst-usefortheartificial-intelligencedevices.”strugglewithmathsisinherentinthistypeofAI,knownasalanguagemodel.Itscansaamountoftextfromacrossthewebanddevelopsamodelthatmightbeextremelyeffectiveforwritinggrammaticallycorrectresponsestoessayrequirement,butnotforsolvingamathsproblem.Inanemail,IaskedDas,asearch-enginewhyChatGPTgetssomesimplequestionsrightbutotherscompletelywrong.“Maybetherightanalogy（類比）isifyouaskaroomofpeople,whohavenoideawhatmathsisbuthavereadmanyhieroglyphics‘Whatcomesafter2+2,’theymightweseea4,’whatChatGPTisdoing.”But,headds,“Mathsjustaseriesofhieroglyphics.theprocessofcalculating.”Itgreatpretendingyouknowthroughamathsclassbecauseyouonlyrecognizethemistakesifyouknowthemaths.Anotherreasonthatmathsinstructorsarelessanxiousaboutthisinnovationisthattheyhavebeenherebefore.fieldwasupendedforthefirsttimedecadesagowiththegeneralavailabilityofcomputersandcalculators.“Mathshashadthebiggestrevolutionbasedonmachineryofanymainstreamsubject,”saidConradthestrategicdirectorofResearch.“Intherealworld,sincecomputerscamealong,havemaths,scienceandengineeringgottenconceptuallysimpler?No,completelytheopposite.askingharderandharderquestions,goingupalevel.”AIwillprobablygetthepointwhereitsmathsanswersarenotonlyconfidentbutcorrect.Apurelanguagemodelnotbeupforthejob,butthetechnologywillimprove.Ingeneral,AI,likecomputers,willlikelyultimatelybemostusefulthosewhoalreadyknowafieldwell.Theyknowthequestionstoask,howtoidentifytheshortcomingsandwhattodowiththeAtool,inotherwords,forthosewhoknowthemostmaths,nottheleast.41.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inherent”Paragraph3mostprobablymean?A.StableB.PracticalC.LimitedD.Natural42.Whatcanknowfromreply?A.Calculatingrequiressomeknowledgeofhieroglyphics.B.ChatGPTisgoodatsolvingmathematicalquestionsbyC.ReadinghieroglyphicspreventsChatGPTsolvingmathsquestionsD.responseisbasedonlanguagemodelsinsteadofcalculations.43.Whatcanbeinferredfrommathsinstructors’calmnessaboutChatGPT?A.ChatGPTisusefultoidentifymathsmistakes.B.revolutionmademathseasiertounderstand.C.Newtechnologywillenduppushingtheboundariesofmaths.D.ChatGPThasbeenbannedfromnetworksandschooldevices.44.AsforAI,whichwouldtheauthorprobablyagreeA.Itwillplaytheroleforprofessionalsinafield.B.Itwillbecomeconfidenttosolveallthemathsproblems.C.Itwillturnthemathsfieldoveragainjustlikecomputers.D.Itwilltakethejobsfromhumansasthetechnologyimproves.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Childrenloveplayingoutdoors,Theyusuallygetwithnoregardforthecolouroftheirclothing.getdirty!”onceaconstantfamilywarning,asparentswatchedtheirchildrenruintheirbestclothes.Theyhappyrunningthroughfieldsorclimbingtrees.___45___.Accordingtotheexperts,parentshaveconcerntoomuchaboutit.Recentresearchshowsthatthedirtoutsidecandevelopresistancetoarangeofillnesses.Certainnaturalmaterials,suchasmud,containsurprisinglypowerfulmicroorganisms（微生物群）whosepositiveimpactonhealthweareonlybeginningfullyunderstand___46___.Manyofthepsychologicalbenefitsofoutdoorplayestablishedaswell.Ourbrainsevolvedinbeautifullandscapes,andtheweperceivetheworldisparticularlysuitedtowildoutdoorspaces___47___IthelpsrefreshthebrainandevenreducedepressionandOnestudyfoundthatchildrenwithADHD（注意力缺陷多動癥）werebetterabletoconcentratefollowinga20-minutewalkinthepark.Beijingclosetograssandtreesseemedtohaveabeneficialtheirminds.___48___Ithelpschildrendevelopthetheirsensesandmovementinteract,whichhelpsthemgraduallyunderstandtheexternalenvironmentandtheinternalconnectionsofthingsways.Ifchildrenplaywithothers,theycanlearnhowtocommunicatewithothersanddevelopstrategiestopromotesocialization.withtheattractionofvideogamesandsocialmedia,contactwithnatureisrarerthaninthepast.Moreandmoreparentsbeginrecognizetheimportanceofoutdoor__49__Theybelievethatnotonlydoesmakechildrenemotionallyhappybutitalsohasapowerfulontheirwellbeing.A.ForthereissimplynoopportunitytogetB.Outdoorplaycabalsovaluablelearningexperiences.C.Thismeansthatnaturalscenesprovidetheperfectlevelofstimulation.D.Theymaysecretlywishtheirchildrenhadthechancetopickupaofdirt.E.Theyrecommendusingnatureasanaccessiblewayofinteractingwithothers.ItwasobviousthatwhiteswouldturnbrownbeforethedaywasG.Outdoorplaydoesbettertophysicalgrowth,comparedwithgetting第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第50、512分，第52題3分，第題5分，共分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答?！癆nappleadaykeepsthedoctorallknowthathealthyhabitscanhelpusbuildastrongbuthowwecanahappylife?Overthepasttwodecades,scientistshaveidentifiedmanytechniquestoraiseourhappiness,butthesemethodscannotworkmagic.“Thingslikepovertyorinjuryareobviouslygoingtoyourwell-being,”saysLaurieSantos,at“Butformanyofus,ourhappinessismuchmoreunderourcontrolthanwethink.”freecourse,TheScienceofexploresevidence-basedwaysincreasehappiness.Foratasteofwhatthecourseinvolves,considerourtendencytocompareourselvesnegativelywiththepeoplearoundus.Byrecognizingwhenthosethoughtshavestartedtoarise,canconsciouslyshiftthereferencepointtosomethingneutral（中立的）thiskindofthinking,youmaystarttofeelmorecontent.Theuseofgratitudejournals,whereyouregularlycountyourblessing,workonasimilarbasis.haveatendency“hedonicadaptation”,essentiallygettingusedthegoodthingsinourlifeovertime,andtakingthemforgranted,sotheynolongerbringusthesameinterest—weshoulddelaythatprocess.Othertipslikesmallactsofkindnessmaysurpriseyouwithrewardingexperience.thoseapproachestohappierlifeshouldbeusedThereisnowsomeevidencethatpursuitofhappinesscanhavetheoppositeifbecomestime-consuming,Keepingagratitudejournalappearsbeeffectiveifisusedonceaweek.ItseemsthatthetechniquemaybecomeaburdenifitispracticedtooThereseemslittledoubtthatwecanlearnbebutweshouldrecognizethatthepathabetterlifeiswithupsanddowns.cannotremoveeverynegativefeeling,butwithsomescience-backedstrate