外研版中考英語復習第九章句子種類及簡單句教學課件

第九章句子種類及簡單句考點導圖中考考點回顧考點題型考頻(5年4考)考點內(nèi)容感嘆句單項填空1年1考2019,2020,2022,2023：How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！語法選擇4年2考短文填空5年1考1

單項填空40.______smartthedriverlesscaris！Ireallywanttohaveone.A.What

B.Whata C.Whatan D.How考點解析

考查感嘆句句型“How＋形容詞/副詞＋主語＋謂語！”。故選D。2

語法選擇“Wow！”shecriedproudly.“__39__highmybutterflyflies！”A.What

B.Whata C.Whatan

D.How考點解析

考查感嘆句句型“How＋形容詞/副詞＋主語＋謂語！”。故選D。3

短文填空Youmaynotknow__67__popularteais.考點解析

考查感嘆句句型“How＋形容詞/副詞＋主語＋謂語！”。故填how。4

語法選擇Everythingwasmagical.__35__excitedDavidwas!A.How B.What C.Whatan考點解析

考查感嘆句句型“How＋形容詞/副詞＋主語＋謂語！”。故選A?？键c精講精練考點1陳述句【概念】陳述句:用來陳述一個事實或闡述一個觀點，分為肯定句和否定句。1.陳述句的肯定與否定類別構(gòu)成舉例肯定句主語+謂語動詞+其他.ChinaisthelargestcountryinAsiainsize.中國是亞洲面積最大的國家。Peopleusuallyusesmartphonesinthe21stcentury.在21世紀，人們通常使用智能手機。否定句主語＋be動詞＋not＋其他.JapanisnotthelargestcountryinAsiainsize.日本不是亞洲面積最大的國家。主語＋助動詞（do/does/did/will/have…）＋not＋動詞原形/過去分詞＋其他.Ididn'tsayanything.我什么也沒說。Ihaven'theardfromhimlately.我最近沒收到他的來信。主語+情態(tài)動詞+not+動詞原形+其他.Youmustnotparkhere.你不準在這里停車。2.陳述句的其他否定形式(1)對謂語動詞的否定，除了not，還可以用never,hardly,seldom等。例Heneversmokes.他從不抽煙。練She__________showedherfeelings.她很少表露情緒。(2)對主語或賓語的否定，常用no,few,little,nothing,nobody等。例Fewhomebuyerswillnoticethischange.很少購房者會注意到這個變化。練Icando__________aboutit.對此事我無能為力。seldomnothing1.TimisreadingJourneytotheWest.（改為否定句）(2023重慶A卷)Tim________________JourneytotheWest.2.Tinafinishesherhomeworkbefore6o'clockeveryday.（改為否定句）（2023重慶B卷）Tina____________________________________herhomeworkbefore6o'clockeveryday.isn'treadingdoesn't/neverfinish/finishes3.Michaelshutthedoorafterhearingthenews.（改為否定句） (2022四川達州)Michael____________________thedoorafterhearingthenews.4.Ibrushmyteethtwiceaday.(改為否定句) (2022重慶A卷)I_____________________________myteethtwiceaday.didn'tshutdon't/neverbrush5.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatsevenlastnight.(改為否定句) (2022重慶B卷)I____________________myhomeworkatsevenlastnight.wasn'tdoing考點2疑問句【概念】疑問句：主要用來提出問題、詢問情況，分為一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句（高考語法項目）。1.疑問句的分類類別構(gòu)成舉例一般疑問句(用yes或no回答)Be動詞＋主語＋其他？—Washeafraidofthedark？他以前怕黑嗎？—Yes，hewas./No，hewasn't.是的，他怕。/不，他不怕。助動詞（Do/Does/Did/Will/Have…）＋主語＋動詞原形/過去分詞＋其他？—DoyoulikeEnglish？你喜歡英語嗎？—Yes，Ido./No，Idon't.是的，我喜歡。/不，我不喜歡。情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形+其他？—Canyouplaythepiano?你會彈鋼琴嗎？—Yes，Ican./No，Ican't.是的，我會。/不，我不會。續(xù)表類別構(gòu)成舉例特殊疑問句(不能用yes或no回答)特殊疑問詞（不作主語或主語的定語）+一般疑問句？Whydotheyoungseldomgoouttotheshopsnow?為什么年輕人現(xiàn)在很少去商店？特殊疑問詞（作主語或主語的定語）+其他？（句子用陳述句的語序）Whocanhelpme?誰能幫我？Whosebikeisbroken?誰的自行車壞了？選擇疑問句（不能用yes或no回答）一般疑問句+AorB/A,BorC？—IsthegirlwithshorthairfromAmericaorEngland?那個短發(fā)女生是來自美國還是英國？—She'sfromAmerica.她來自美國。特殊疑問句，AorB/A,BorC？—Whichdoyouprefer,cartoonsorcomedies?卡通片和喜劇，你更喜歡哪個？—Neither.Ilikedocumentaries.兩個都不喜歡。我喜歡紀錄片。2.how詞組引導的特殊疑問句：根據(jù)句意及回答選擇how詞組(1)howoften多久一次(問頻率)回答：never/everyday/twiceamonth等例—Howoftendoesanearthquakehappenhere？在這里，多久發(fā)生一次地震？—Almosteveryyear.幾乎每年都發(fā)生。(2)howlong①多久；多長時間（問時間）回答：for+一段時間/since+某個時間點/since+一段時間+ago例—Howlonghaveyoulivedhere？你在這里住多久了？—Forseveralmonths.有幾個月了。②多長(問長度)回答：數(shù)詞+長度單位例—HowlongistheAmazonRiver？亞馬孫河有多長？—About6,440kilometers.約6440千米。(3)howsoon多久以后（問時間）回答：in+一段時間例—Howsooncanyoufinishthework？你要多久才能完成這項工作？—Inhalfanhour.半小時后。(4)howfar多遠(問距離)回答①：數(shù)詞+長度單位例—HowfarisitfromMacaotoHongKong？澳門距離香港多遠？—About62kilometers.約62千米?；卮稷冢簳r間's+walk/ride/drive/flight等例—HowfarisitfromDongguantoShenzhen？東莞距離深圳多遠？—Aboutonehour'sdrive.約1小時車程。(5)howmany(+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞)多少(問數(shù)量)例—Howmanybookscanyousee?你可以看到多少本書？—Twelve.12本。(6)howmuch①(+不可數(shù)名詞)多少（問數(shù)量）例—Howmuchwaterdoyouneed？你需要多少水？—Threecupsofwater.3杯水。②多少錢（問價格）例—Howmuchisthisphone？這部手機多少錢？—About5,300yuan.約5300元。()1.—_______haveyoubeenamemberoftheYouthLeague?—Forthreeyears.（2023江蘇連云港改編）A.Howlong B.Howfar C.Howoften()2.—_______isitfromyourschooltotheNatureMuseum?—About3kilometers.（2023廣西）A.Howfar B.Howold C.HowmuchAA()3.—_______doyouvisityourgrandparents?—Onceaweek.IplaychesswiththemeverySundayevening.(2023吉林長春改編)A.Howmuch B.Howoften C.Howlong ()4.—_______didtherainstormcome?—Whilewewerehavingaphysicslessonyesterday.A.Why B.Where C.When BC考點3祈使句【概念】祈使句：主要用來表示請求、命令、建議、禁止或祝愿等,其主語you通常被省略,謂語動詞用原形。1.肯定祈使句：(Please+)動詞原形+其他.例Pleasestopattheredlight！紅燈時請停下來！練Please________anumbrellawithyou.It'sgoingtorain要下雨了，請帶把傘。take2.否定祈使句：Don't+動詞原形+其他.例Don'ttalkinclass！在課堂上別說話！練Don't_____attentiontowhattheysay.別在意他們說的話。3.let引導的祈使句：Let+賓語(+not)+動詞原形+其他.例Letmehearwhatpeoplearelookingforwardto.讓我聽聽人們在期盼什么。練Lethim___________suchwords.讓他不要再重復這些話了。4.表示禁止的標語：No+名詞/動名詞！例Nophotos！禁止拍照！練No__________！禁止停車！paynotrepeatparking()1.Hey,guy,can'tyouseethesignoverthere？Itsays,“_______Fishing！”A.No B.Not C.Don't ()2._______more,andyou'llimproveyourspokenEnglish.A.Tospeak B.Speak C.SpeakingAB()3.Ben,_______goswimmingintheriveralone！It'sdangerous.A.doesn't B.don't C.didn't()4.Let's______soloudly.Thebabyissleeping.A.nottotalk B.talknot C.nottalkBCnonotsaydopassmaketurn5.________sureeveryonehasatextbookwhenthenewtermstarts.6.Please________thetelevisionoffbeforeyougotobed.7.Hey,thissignsays,“________smoking!”Youarenotallowedtosmokehere.8.Letus________wastethewonderfultime!9.No,youcan'tdrivethroughtheforest.Lookatthesign.Itsays,“No________here!”MaketurnNonotpassing考點4感嘆句【概念】感嘆句：用來表達贊美、驚訝、喜悅或氣憤等強烈的感情，句末常用“！”。構(gòu)成舉例How+形容詞/副詞(+主語+謂語+其他)！(5年4考)Hownicetheweatheristoday!今天天氣真好！What+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(+主語+謂語+其他)?。紿ow＋形容詞＋a/an＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(＋主語＋謂語+其他)！Whatagoodday(we'vehadtoday)?。紿owgoodaday(we'vehadtoday)！(我們今天度過了)多么美好的一天?。hat+形容詞+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞(+主語+謂語+其他)！Whatbeautifulclothestheyare!這些衣服真漂亮！Whatniceweatheritistoday!今天天氣真好！How＋主語＋謂語(+其他)！ HowImissedyou！我多么想念你啊！()1._______interestingmovieitis!Iwanttoseeitagain.（2023吉林）A.What B.Whatan C.How()2._______usefulknowledgetheastronautinTiangongClassroomhastaughtus!（2023遼寧營口改編）A.How B.What C.WhataBB()3._______beautifulday!Let'stakeawalkbythelake.（2023湖南株洲）A.What B.Whata C.How()4.—_______cleantheclassroomis!—Soitis.Thestudentscleaniteveryday.A.How B.What C.WhataBAaanhowexcitegoodwhywhat5.—________amazingChatGPTis!—Yes.Thenewinventionmakesitquitesimpleforpeopletowritepapersandstories.(2023山東濱州改編)6.TheywontheChampionshipofGuangdongDartsMatch,too.________awonderfulprojectitis!（2023廣東廣州改編）HowWhat7.—Whatan________speechourheadmastergaveusjustnow!—Yeah,itwasreallyaninspirationtousall.(2022山東濱州改編)8.—HaveyouwatchedWangYaping'ssciencelecture(講座)fromChina'sspacestation?—Yes.What________interestinglectureitis!(2022四川廣元改編)9.What________usefulinventionthewashingmachineis!excitingana考點5簡單句1.簡單句的五種基本句型構(gòu)成舉例主語＋謂語.(SV)(謂語為不及物動詞)Theaccident

happened.事故發(fā)生了。

SV主語＋系動詞＋表語.(SVP)Ourclassroom

looks

big.我們的教室看起來很大。

SVP主語＋謂語＋賓語.(SVO)(謂語為及物動詞)Theboy

likes

tennis.這個男孩喜歡網(wǎng)球。SVO主語＋謂語＋間接賓語＋直接賓語.(SVOO)(謂語為及物動詞)Harry'sfriend

passes

him

theball.哈利的朋友把球傳給了他。

SVOO主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補足語.(SVOC)(謂語為及物動詞)Technology

makes

ourlife

better.科技讓我們的生活更美好。

SVOC練判斷下列句子的句型結(jié)構(gòu)(SV/SVP/SVO/SVOO/SVOC)（1）TinagavemeaniceChristmasgift. __________（2）Jennycleanedtheclassroom. __________（3）Wekeeptheclassroomclean. __________（4）Thetrainisleaving. __________（5）Thekidsarehappy. __________SVOOSVOSVOCSVSVP2.therebe句型（1）遵循“就近原則”：therebe句型中的be動詞應與其后最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。例Thereisanotebookandtwopensonmydesk.我的書桌上有一本筆記本和兩支鋼筆。練There______twopensandanotebookonmydesk.我的書桌上有兩支鋼筆和一本筆記本。are（2）therebe句型的時態(tài)及句式類別一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般將來時肯定句Thereis/are…Therewas/were…Therewillbe…Thereis/aregoingtobe…否定句Thereisn't/aren't…Therewasn't/weren't…Therewon'tbe…Thereisn't/aren'tgoingtobe…一般疑問句及其回答—Is/Arethere…?—Yes,thereis/are.—No,thereisn't/aren't.—Was/Werethere…?—Yes,therewas/were.—No,therewasn't/weren't.—Willtherebe…?Is/Aretheregoingtobe…?—Yes,therewillbe.Yes,thereis/aregoingtobe.—No,therewon'tbe.No,thereisn't/aren'tgoingtobe.練①_______________nolettersyesterday.昨天一封信也沒有。②______________________________achanceforparentstolookaroundtheschool.家長將有機會參觀學校。③_____________enoughroomforus,letaloneanyguests.連我們都沒有足夠的空間，更不用說客人了。④______________anyotherquestions?還有其他問題嗎？TherewereTherewillbe/isgoingtobeThereisn'tArethere(3)therebe與have/has的區(qū)別:①“Therebe+主語+其他.”表示“某地存在某人、某物”。例Thereismoreroominfirstclass.頭等艙更寬敞。②“主語+have/has+其他.”表示“某人擁有某物”。例Youhavebeautifuleyes.你有一雙漂亮的眼睛。【注意】表示“有某人正在做某事”，要用“Therebe＋sb.＋doingsth.(＋其他).”。例Thereareseveralchildrenswimmingintheswimmingpool.有幾個孩子正在游泳池里游泳。()1.There_______abigtreebehindtheshop.Youcanseemanybirdsinit.（2023甘肅白銀改編）A.is B.are C.was()2.Wehope_______acomputeroneverystudent'sdeskinthefuture. (2022天津改編)A.thereis B.therewas C.therewillbeAC()3.—There_______abasketballgameagainstClassTwonextSunday.—Isee.Iwillcomeandcheeryouon. A.willhave B.isgoingtobeC.isgoingtohave()4.There_______anylemonade(檸檬水)left.Let'smakesomenow.A.is B.isn't C.aren'tBB()5.—Wasthereatallmaninthemeetingroomjustnow?—_______.Ididn'tseeanyonethere.A.Yes,therewas B.No,therewasn't C.No,itwasn'tB語篇考點專練一、語法選擇主題：護士勇救瀑布落水者難度：★★建議用時：6mins LastAugustwewenttoawaterfall.There__1__anumberofpeopleplayinginthewater. Sittingontherockswithmyhusband，Iwaswatchingsomeparents__2__guardingtheirkidsawayfromtherocks'edges(邊緣).Ifeltgladthatour8-year-oldsonWyattcouldlookafterhimself.()1.A.was B.were C.are()2.A.nervousness B.nervousC.nervouslyBC“___3___running!”Isaidtohimfromtimetotime.“__4__awayfromtheedges.”ButIsoonrelaxed，andwewereallhavingfuninthewater. Suddenly，IsawWyattsitdownbetweentworocksintherunningwater.Thenhe__5__overtheedge. “Help,please！”Icried，overandover.ButIonlyheard__6__husbandsaidtohiswife，“Weareleaving！”()3.A.Don't B.Not C.No()4.A.Tostay B.Stay C.Staying()5.A.disappearsB.disappearedC.isdisappearing()6.A.a B.an C.theCBBA“Pleasedon'tgo！”Ibegged(乞求).Buttheywalkedstraightaway. WhenIclimbeddowntotherocks，therewasayoungwoman__7__myhusbandpullWyattoutofthewater.Shewasgivingfirstaid.“I'mLisa，anurse.I'mnotleavingyou.”“__8__warm-hearted(熱心腸的)ladyyouare！”Icouldn'thelpcrying.NotonlyIbutalsomyhusbandwasthankfultoLisa.()7.A.helping B.help C.helped()8.A.How B.What C.WhataAC Wyattwastakentothehospitalimmediately.Thenext8hourswasasleeplessnightforus.Thenwe__9__WyattwasgoingtobeOK.“__10__canheleaveforhome，doctor？”Iasked.“In2days.” MeetingLisahasremindedmehowweneedhelpfrompeoplewedon'tknow!()9.A.weretold B.told C.tell()10.A.Howlong B.Howsoon C.HowfarAB二、短文填空主題：瑜伽難度：★★建議用時：6mins 請從方框內(nèi)選擇適當?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使文章完整連貫。注意每空一詞，每詞僅用一次，有兩詞為多余項。theyw