Unit5HumansandnatureLesson3Racetothepole課件高中英語北師大版1（完整版）3

Unit5HUMANSANDNATURELesson3RACETOTHEPOLEEightBelow《南極大冒險(xiǎn)》Neverunderestimateanylivingspiritswilltosurviveespeciallywhenthey'resurroundedbyfamily..Languagepoints

1.base[be?s]n.基地，底部vt.以…為基地；以…為基礎(chǔ)a).basicadj.基礎(chǔ)的，基本的basicallyadv.基本上basisn.基礎(chǔ)，要素b).atthebaseof在…底部bebasedin…總部位于base…on.upon…以…為基礎(chǔ)onthebasisofsth在某事的基礎(chǔ)上；根據(jù)某事Unit52.preparationn.預(yù)備，準(zhǔn)備a).preparev.準(zhǔn)備，籌備preparedadj.事先準(zhǔn)備好的b).inpreparationfor為準(zhǔn)備…makepreparationsfor為…做準(zhǔn)備preparetodosth準(zhǔn)備做某事prepareforsth為某事做準(zhǔn)備1)他的理論是以科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)的。2)這部電影是以一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事為基礎(chǔ)的。Hebasedhis

theory

on/uponscientificexperiments.Thismovieisbasedon/uponatruestory.Languagepoints

Unit53.breakdown停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，出故障，分解，(計(jì)劃)失敗，(身體)垮掉a).breakout（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等）爆發(fā)breakup打碎，分裂，解體breakoff突然中斷

breakthrough

突破

breakin闖入preparing1)_________________(preparation)

for

theopeningceremonyarewellunderway.開幕式的準(zhǔn)備工作正在順利進(jìn)行中。2)Herparentswerebusy______________(prepare)togoonholiday.她的父母正忙于準(zhǔn)備去度假。Preparations（1）Wearesorrytoarrivelate,butthecarbrokedown.（2）Aftermanyyears,rocksbreakdownintodirt.（3）Theplanwasgood,butitbrokedown,becausetheywereunwillingtocarryitout.（4）Ifyourmothercontinuestoworklikethis,shewillbreakdownsoon.Languagepoints

4.ambitionn.抱負(fù)，野心，理想a).ambitiousadj.有野心的

b).anambitiontodosth做某事的雄心/渴望做某事sb’sambitionsofdoingsth某人做某事的理想achieve/fulfil/realiseanambition實(shí)現(xiàn)理想befullofambition滿腹雄心beambitiousfor…對(duì)…有雄心Unit5

5.provevt.證明；證實(shí)likingv.最終顯示為；被發(fā)現(xiàn)是a).provesthtosb向某人證明某事provesb/sth(tobe)+adj./n.證明某人/某物(是)…prove(that)/wh-從句

證明…provesbwrong/innocent證明某人是錯(cuò)誤的/無罪的b).provetobe…證明是…(prove為系動(dòng)詞時(shí)，不能用被動(dòng)形式)她一直未能實(shí)現(xiàn)當(dāng)名作家的夙愿。Languagepoints

Unit56.distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的；久遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)親的a).distancen.距離，間距；遠(yuǎn)方distantlyadv.遠(yuǎn)地b).bedistantfrom與…距離遙遠(yuǎn)atadistanceof在距離…處inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)處keepone’sdistance保持距離1)Thedifficultywashowhecouldprovehisideas_______otherscientists.困難在于他如何向其他科學(xué)家證明自己的觀點(diǎn)。2)Theboytriedtoprovehimself____________(be)agoodstudentandhereallyprovedbest.這個(gè)男孩努力證明自己是一個(gè)好學(xué)生，他確實(shí)被證明是最棒的。3)Astimewenton,Einstein’stheory__________________correct.to

tobe

provedtobe

Languagepoints

7.difficultyn.困難；費(fèi)勁；難題；難事a).with/withoutdifficlty費(fèi)力地，毫不費(fèi)力地havedifficultiesindoingsth做某事有困難runintodifficulty/difficulties陷入困境/遇到難題b).同義表達(dá):havetrouble/problems/ahardtime(in)doingsthUnit5Thepatientwasperceivedtohavedifficultyinbreathing.發(fā)現(xiàn)病人呼吸困難。Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you'llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions．意識(shí)足夠敏銳的話你就不會(huì)覺得這些問題很難回答。Mr.Popper’sPenguins《波普先生的企鵝》Pictureyourselfinaboatonariver,withtangerinetreesandmarmaladeskies.1.Becauseofthis,hemaderapidprogress.

因此，他進(jìn)展很快。becauseof:asaresultof

因?yàn)?，由于?fù)合介詞，后可接名詞，v.-ing和代詞egWestayedathomebecauseoftherain.Theboydidn’tdohishomeworkbecauseofwatchingTV.because和becauseofbecause和becauseof都可以表示原因，你知道它們?cè)谟梅ㄉ嫌惺裁磪^(qū)別嗎？because是連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。because+句子可以直接回答以why開頭的特殊疑問句。becauseof是短語介詞，其后常接名詞、代詞或v.-ing形式?！菊Z境應(yīng)用】根據(jù)句意選用because或becauseof填空。1)Katewaslateforwork____________shemissedtheearlybus.2)Ididn’tgotothezoo____________thehotweather.3)—Whydidn’tMikewritetoAlicelastmonth?—____________hewasverybusy.4)Tedcametothiscity____________you.becausebecauseofbecauseofBecauseThencamethefinalawardceremonyattheendoftheyear.

謂語動(dòng)詞完全位于主語之前，為全部倒裝，此時(shí)要注意句中的謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)要與后面的主語保持一致。全部倒裝主要用于以下情況:全部倒裝Outrushedthestudents.學(xué)生沖出去了。全部倒裝Therestandsaweatherstationatthetopofthehill.山頂上有一個(gè)氣象站。ToreadandtalkaboutthedifficultiesthatexplorersfaceandthepreparationsforthemToreadfordeepunderstandingTosummariseinformationTolearntoreadfortheimpliedmeaningofsentencesn.

預(yù)備，準(zhǔn)備Antarctica(南極)—thecoldestanddriestcontinentontheEarth,90%ofwhichismadeofice;it’sinhabitedbypenguinsHowmuchdoyouknowaboutAntarctica?IfyouaregivenachancetotraveltoAntarctica,willyoutakeit?Giveyourreasons.IfTomwanttoexploreAntarctica,canyougivehimsomeadviceonwhathecanpreparefortheexploration?n.

探險(xiǎn)；探索mapfood

ski(滑雪板)sledge(雪橇)Ateamofdogstents(帳篷)warmclothes1.LookatthephotosofAntarctica.Whatdifficultiesdoyouthinkexplorersmayfacethere?Whatpreparationsdotheyneedtomake?n.

探險(xiǎn)者；勘察者Whatarethetemperatureslike?Howwouldyoudresstodealwiththeweather?Howwouldyougetfood?Aretherecivilisationscloseby?TeamsScott’steamwhenthejourneybeganwhathappenedtothemReachedthepolefirstandthenreturnedsafely.Amundsen’steamOn1November,1911On8September,1911ArrivesattheSouthPolelaterthanAmundsen’steam,anddidnotreturn3.Readagain.Completetheinformationaboutthetwoexplorationteams.Thentalkaboutthejourneysbasedonyournotes.Scott’steamAmundsen’steamNationalityofthetwoteamsBeforethejourneyBritish.Norwegian.Theyorganisedfoodbases.Theyorganisedfoodbases.n.

基地，大本營(yíng)Scott’steamAmundsen’steamJourneytothedestinationTwosledgesbrokedown,thehorseshaddifficultieswiththecold.Scottandhismenhadtopushthesledgesthemselves.Hehadteamsofdogspullingthesledgesandallhismenwereonskis.Becauseofthis,hemadrapidprogress.Scott’steamAmundsen’steamArrivalatthedestinationScottarrivedatthePolewithfourteammemberson17January,1912,andwasdisheartened.AmundsenreachedthePoleon14December,1911andputaNorwegianflagthere.Thenhepreparedforthereturnjourney.Scott’steamAmundsen’steamThereturnjourneyMenwereverytiredandwererunningoutoffood.Theweatherconditionswereterrible.Theybroughtrocksbackforscientificevaluation.Allmembersdied.Amundsenandhisteamarrivedsafelybacktotheirstartingbaseon25January,1912,tendaysaheadoftheirplannedschedule.4.SummarisethechangeoffeelingsonScott’steam’sreturnjourney.Givereasonsforthewordsorphrasesyouhavechosen.HowdidScott’steamfeelatthebeginningofthejourney?Howdidtheyfeelattheend?Whydoyouthinkthischanged?hopelessandhelpless(Themenweretiredandwererunningoutoffood.)determinedanddevoted(Theyfoundtimetolookforrocksandcarriedtwentykilosofrocksallthewaywiththem.)sadbutcourageous(EdgarEvanshadaterriblediseaseanddied.ThenexttogowasCaptainOates.Weallhopetomeettheendwithasimilarspirit.)5.ReadtheunderlinedsentencesfromScott’sdiaryandletter.Workouttheimpliedmeaningofthesesentencesfromthecontext.Writeyourinferencesbelow.SkillBuilderMakinginferencesSometimesthingsarenotstatedexplicitly(明確地)inthetext.Tounderstandwhatismeant,youneedtoreadbetweenthelines.Thisiscalled“makinginferences”.Readthesentence/paragraphcarefully.Readthelinesbeforeandafterit.Useyourlogicandknowledgetounderstandtheimplied(暗含的)meaningofthetext.line21Theylostthereasonforthejourney.line26Themenweregettingweaker.line33Heisgoingtowalkintothecoldanddieawayfromtheteam.line42Thejourneycostthementheirlives.6-1.WouldyousaythatScottandhisteamwerelosers?Whyorwhynot?EventhoughScottandhisteamlosttheracetothePole,theyshowedtruedeterminationandstrengthofcharacterwhichisseeninheroes.Scottandhisteamareinspirationalandnotlosers.Scott’steamhadalwayskepttheirgoalsinmind.Theycarriedtherockseveninextremelydifficultsituations.Thespiritandwhattheyhavedonehelpedfollowersdofurtherresearch.6-2.HowdoyouunderstandAmunden’ssayingaboutScott’sdeath“CaptainScottleftarecord,forhonesty,sincerity,forbravery,foreverythingthatmakesaman”?CaptainScottwroteadiarydetailinghisjourney,eachentrywastruthfulandhonest.Hewashonestaboutthefeelingsofhisteamandhisfears.CaptainScottandhisteambroughtbackrocksforresearch,theydidnotonlythinkaboutthemselvesbutalsoaboutthegreatergoodofhumankindandtheeffectoftheresearch.8.ReadthesentencesfromScott’sdiaryandletteragain.1Discusswhathewastryingtosayineachone.Lines20-21:FindingAmundsen’steamhadarrivedearly,Scott’steamfeltdefeatedanddespaired.Lines25-26:Eachonewantedtoencouragetheother,butnoonewasreallysureaboutwhat’sgoingtohappen.Theyweregettingweak.Lines33-36:Althoughtheywerefacingextremedifficulties,noonewantedtoshowtheweakness.Alltheteammemberswantedtoactlikeagentlemananddiebravely.Lines41-42:Scottfullyunderstoodthattheycouldnotpullthroughandtheycametotheirfinaltime.Hethoughttheexplorationwasworthwhile,butitjustcosttoomuch.Lines44-45:ThesewereScott’slastwords.2Highlightthepartsthatimpressyoumostandexplainwhy.9.Discussthefollowingquestions.Readthetextagainifnecessary.1Whydoyouthinkthewriterofthetextusedtheword“race”inthetitle?Theword“race”mayhavethefollowingmeaningsinthetext:It’saracebetweenScott’steamandAmundsen’steamtoseewhocangettothePolefirst.ForScott’steam,it’saracebetweensurvivalanddeath.ForScott’steam,it’salsoaracebetweentheterribleconditiontheteamfaceandtheirperseveranceandbravery.2WhywastheworldshockedbyScott’sdeath?PeoplewereshockedbyScott’sdeathpossiblybecause:Scottandhisteammembersdiedsobravely.Theydidn’tgiveawaythestoneseveninsuchbadconditions.Theygotwithinjust11milesofoneoftheirfoodbases.Theydiedinthewayofagentleman.breakdownbeginhisjourneyto...beonthewayto...theraceto...

inpreparationfor...bethefirsttoleavemakerapidprogresshaveseriousdifficultieswith...tendaysaheadoftheirplannedschedulerunoutoffoodhavegreatdifficultywalkinghaveaterriblediseasetheactofabravemanmakethemheroes-tionCanyouaddmorewords?-less-ful-ness-lyexpectationcarelessorganizationuselesspeacefulbeautiful

happinesskindnessquicklyhappily

很多單詞都是通過加前綴或后綴變成一個(gè)全新的單詞，這些前綴和后綴是有規(guī)律可循的，利用前綴和后綴來記單詞，記憶效率可以大幅提升。前綴改變單詞詞義，后綴決定單詞詞性。前綴后綴prefixsuffix否定、方向、程度體現(xiàn)單詞的詞性-ful形容詞-ment名詞-er名詞-ly形容詞、副詞-en動(dòng)詞dis-in-否定re-相反；再次；向后ex-出，外；以前的pre-前post-后后綴意義例詞-tion表示“行為”，這個(gè)后綴的引申意有“行為的過程，結(jié)果，情況，性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，動(dòng)作”。attention

-less表示“無……的，不……的”homeless-ful表示“充滿......的”

shameful-ness表示性質(zhì)、情況、狀態(tài)

darkness-ly副詞后綴，表示狀態(tài)、方式、程度、方向、次序、時(shí)間等probably

WordBuilderSuffixesprepare____________situate___________hope___________cheer___________explore___________anxious___________sad___________preparation-tion-less-ful-ness-lyAsuffixisaletteroragroupoflettersthatisaddedtotheendofawordtochangeitsmeaning.Suffixes-lessmeanswithout,e.g.fearless-fulmeansfullof,e.g.helpful-nessmeansastateorqualityandmakesanoun,e.g.kindness-lyformsadverbsfromadjectives,e.g.kindlyWordBuilderSuffixesprepare____________situate___________hope___________cheer___________explore___________anxious___________sad___________preparation-tion-less-ful-ness-lysituationhopeless