下一代協(xié)議堆棧-RAN體系結(jié)構(gòu)、協(xié)議堆棧和功能（英文）

TheNext-generationProtocolStack-RANArchitecture,ProtocolStackandFunction1TheNext-generationProtocolStack----RANArchitecture,ProtocolStackandFunction2ExecutiveSummaryThewhitepaperfirstlyreviewstheevolutstack.FacingthefuturenativeAIcharacteristipotentialapplicationscenabasis,thinkingabouttheprotocolstacksmartendogenousnetworkiscontinuousattentionandthinkingoftheacademicandindustrialcresearchofthe6Gcommunicationprotocolstackarchitectureandfunctionpromotethecomprehensivedevelopmentof6G.摘要絡(luò)的協(xié)議棧架構(gòu)、功能、演進(jìn)的思考。本白皮書希望引起學(xué)術(shù)界和產(chǎn)業(yè)界對6G通信協(xié)議棧架構(gòu)與功能增強(qiáng)方向研究的持續(xù)關(guān)注和思考，真正能夠做到DOICT深3 2 2 4 62.1Reviewoftheevolutionoftheprotocolstack 62.2Futurescenarioanalysis 92.3Technicalchallengesfor6Gcommunication 283.Thenextgenerationprotocol 303.1Potentialfeaturesoffutureprotocolstacks 303.2Thearchitectureofthenext-generationprotocolstack 343.3Reviewon3.0protocolstackfunction 494.Next-generationprotocolstackenhancement 514.1Space-Air-Ground-SeaIntegratedNetwork 514.2IntelligencebasedRAN 544.3AdaptiveprotocolstackfornewarchitecturetosupportRANnodescooperation 564.4Integratedsensingandcommunication 61 65 67 68 6941.IntroductionThewhitepaperproposes6Gprotocolstackviewsandthinkingforonthepublishedversionssuchas"TWiththeopeningofthe5Gcommerinstitutions,industriesandotherpartiesaregraduallyturningtotheresearchofanew6GFlagshipoftheUniversityofOuluinFinlandtookthelearesearchinstitutesandvariousindustrieshavealsobegun6GresearchTherearesomewhitepapershavestudiedthe6Gnetworkarchitecture,andpotentialkeytechnologies,whichIntermsofvisionandrequirements,6Gwillbuildaandefficientinterconnectionofhumans,machinesandthings.6Gwillcreatdigitalworldaccuratelyreflectsandpredictstherealstateofthephysicalworldinreal5future,artificialintelligencommunicationsystemanwhichmeansAItechnologyisnativeto6Gnetworks.Inative-AInetworkarchitectIntermsofkeytechnologies,thenative-AIairinterface,thatis,thedeepintegrationofAI,machinelearning(ML)andotherteexistingmodulardesignframeworkandefficientcommunication.Therebyththeself-operationandself-evolutionnetIntermsofnetworkarchitecture,theNative-Aintegratedcapabilitiesofcommunication,computing,andperceptionofnetworkofnativeintelligence,nativesecurity,multi-domainintegrationAIcapabilityofthe6Gnetwork,whichrealizestheendogenousintelligenceofthearchitecturelevel.ItcanrealinetworkandAItoprovidecommunicationaintelligentperception,intelligentconnection,orchestrationofDOICTintegration,layingthefoundatconnectionofallthings.applicationscenarios,keytechnologies,networkarchitecture,whichall-roundinnovationintheoryanddesconceptfortheevolutionsustainabledevelopmentof6Gnetwork62.Situationandchallenge2.1Reviewoftheevolutionoftheprotocolstacksystem(5G)hasalsobeencommercializedin20havetakenplaceinnetworkwirelesstransmissiontechnology,airinterfaceprotocols,evolution)supportsunifiedacceotherthroughtheX2incentralizedcontroloftheRNCanRRClayer,andscheduling,acctheRRMmeasurement,basedontheoriginalfunctionsoftheNodeBoftheUsystem.Inotherwornetwork.SuchanetworkstructprotocolstackissimilartotheUMTSsystem,7packetdataconvergpackets,andtheIPpacketsaretransmittingviatheairiThecontrolplaneprotocolstackisssamefunctionsasinuserplane.TheRRClayerconnectionmanagemen8measurementreportingandcontrol.TheNASnetworksideandmainlauthentication,idlestatemobilitymanagement,paging,securitycontrol,etc..SBAarchitectureincludesmodularizationofnetworkcapabilities,theservice-orientedinterfaces,andtheC-planeandU-planeseparatinetworkhasacloserrelationshipwithbusiness,andsupportsnetquicklysupportavarietyofnewbusinessapplications.serviceofthethewirelessresourceandphysicallayerFromtheuserperspective,5Ghasthesamestructureas4GexcgranularityoftheQoSrequirement,thebasict9introducedtorealizethemappingbetweenDRBandFigure5NRUserPla2.2Futurescenarioanalysis2.2.1Space-Air-Ground-SeaITheconstructionofterrestrialmobilecommunicationnetworksisli95%ofmarineareaswithoutmobileradioconnectivity,whichisfarfroconstructionofaglobalmobilecommofSpace-Air-Ground-Sea(SAGS)integrationwicommunications,anditsperformancemetricsintegratedcommunicationplatforms),ground-based(spectrumresourcestoachieveInternetaccessformanyusersworldwide,andpfastandconsistentcommunicationsintegrateprecisepositioning,navigation,remotefunctionstosupportregionaleconomicFigure6.ThearchitectureoftheSpace-Air-Ground-SeaintegratednetworkFromtheperspectiveofapplicationscenarios,theinlandareascoveredbytheterrestrialnetwork,whichgivesfulnetworkburdenontheground.Satellitesorhigh-altitudeplaaviationmobility,andpost-disasteremergencysupadvantagesofwidecoverage,freefromterrainconstraints,flexibledeploymenmorethan3billionpeoplewithoutaccesstotheInternet.Thecoordinationofterrestrialandnon-terrestrialyearwith4.4billionpassengers,and80,000freighterswith38millionvoyages,allofwhicharetargetcustomersofSAGSconnectionsedimensions.Holographictelepresenceisbecomingarealitywiththerapiddevelopmentinthesupportingtechnologienext-generationwirelessnetworks.Holographicthroughreal-timecaptuCurrentcommerciallyavailable3Ddisplayprprinciple,whichonlyutilizeshumanbinoculardepthperceptiontocreate3Dillusion.3Dholographicdisplayhasbeenconsideredasanultimateglasses-freetruAsholographicdisplaytapplications:allowtechnicianstointeractwithholographdynamicallyinteractfromremotewithultra-realisorrobot;5)immersiveentertainment,gaming,spangles.Dependingonthepositionoftheviewerrelativetotheimage,adifferent“scene”fromaslightlydifferentviewpoint.StreamingholographinetworktothedisplaysystemshasbecomeanimportantresearchtostreamholographicdatafromremotelocBesidestherequirementsoflowlatencyandhighreliabilityincreaseupto1Tbpsbutdepebandwidthandcomputeforoptimshouldnotexceed7ms(durationforhalfaframdimensions,ontheorderof1000concurrentflowsmayneenetworkshouldbecapableofprioritizingcriteria(relatedtoviewingpositionantargetobject.Capturrenderedintoahologram,andencoded.TheholoholographicdisplayorbeamVolumetricmediaishighlycompressed,andthevolumeinumberofanglesortilts.Evenwithcompressionbandwidth.Tocopewithit,thecurreaimingtoreducedatathatneedstobetransmittedbymeansofeliminatingportionsofthecontentthatwillgounnoticedontheuser’sposition.SchemestTheeffectivenessdependsontheabilitytoprediinteractivitywiththecontent).Inaddition,perfectsynchronizationofconcurrentflowswillbeneeded.Contrarytoothertystreaming),theinteractivitychallengeofimmersiveHTCwillrequireultra-lowlatencyevenifdealingwithprerecordedcontentthatdoesnotinvolvereal-timevirtueofchangingviewingangleandposition.Insummary,handlingHTCtraffic,thencompetenttothespecificultra-lowdelay(1mssynchronization.HTC-enablednetworkwilldesignfordistributedcontrolintelligence,cross-layeroptimization,flexibleprotocollayerde2.2.3DigitaltwinnDigitaltwinisthereal-timemirrorimageofphysicalentitiesinthedigitalworld,withthecharacteristicsofreal-timeinteraction,real-timeiterativeoperationanddataandpredicttheoperationdirectimaintenance".Inthedigitaltwinnetwork,sombeiterativelyoptimiinterferenceontheexistingDigitaltwinnetworkisanetworksystemwithphysicalnnetworkbasedondataandmoThe6Gdigitaltwinsysteintelligence,whichprovidesbasicsupporandsimplifiestheoperatingloadandcomplthe6Gdigitaltwinsystemandthenatonlineoperationsfortheoperation,maintenance,application-oricalculationofthephysicalnetwork,andbecomethebrainofthephysicalnetwork,directingeachpartofthephysicalnetworcapabilityrequiredbytheAsshowninFigure7,theprotocolstackschemeofnmaintenancesystem,corenetwork,transmissionnetworkandaccessneFigure7Aprotocolstackfunctionofnativeintelligenceanddigitaltwinprocessingfunction,whichprocessesthemeasnetworksideandthetermimeasurementinformationforstorage;3.AIprocessingfunction,wsub-functions,andgewhichmainlyreflectsthedigitaperformscellmanagementmanagement,trafficmanagement,etc.Theabovemanagementfunctionthedigitaltwinofthenetandpolicytransmissionatthecelllevel,Digitaltwinfunctionmitheaccessnetwork.L3DTinRANisresponsibleforonlineprocessingofdatarecethepacketheaderinformation,payloadlength,cachestatus,etc.ofeachpacket.DTinRRMisresponsiblefortheonlinesimulageneratescontrolrelatedtohandovunctionrealizesthefunctionconfigurationofDUsdrivenbyAI,selectionandorchestrationcorrespondingtoMACULslayerisresponsibleforonlinesimulatchannelestimation,channelmodeladaptatiforinformationexchange.Undertheunifiedcoordinatiodownstreamdataprocessingfortheoverallrequirementsofthecorenetnetwork,aswellasthedivisionofworkofeachneservicecharacteristicsappliedbytheUEandthecharacteristicsofthistypeofserviceaccumulatedduringthesystemopnetworkandwirelessnetworkconsidertheQoSguaranteecharacteristicsestablishingend-to-endbearerCN,TNandRANrespectivelypwiththeiractualoperation.IftreportedtoOAMintTheintelligentcontrolprocessofnetworkinternalintegratedservicFigure8servicecontrolinteractionflowchFigure8showstheinteractionprocessofnativeintelligenceanddigitalapplicationorloadbalancingTNmonitorsthequalityofdatapacketsrectransmissionnode(sucoccupancyrate,packetdetentiondTheCUmonitorsthequalityofservicedatapacketsreceivedandtransmittedbyeachuseronthewirelessliratioofdatapacketstoberDUmonitorsthereceptionanairinterface,includingHARQretransmislargedatapacketssentbysegmentation,theratioofconcatenationintolargedatapackets,thetimesofdatapacketsmovedbetweenIfitneedstobeinitiatedthroughthenetworkoperationandmaintenancepipeline,monitoringinformationreceivedandtransmittedbytheuserinthenetwork,thetransmissionqualityassurancreceivingandtransmitting,therunningstatusinformationoreportedinformationd3.TheOAMsystemmonitorsthedatavolumeofthewholenetworkservice.Icontrolpolicyupda4/5/6/7.OAMsendsservicupdate),andCNcanadjustthecorresposerviceaccordingtothepolicForTN,thetransmissincreasingordecreasingthe(logical)bandwidthofadjustingthedatatransmissionsertransmissionnode,layerformulatingtargetedHARQmechanismforthebearerofcorrespondingtypesofservices,airinterfacetransmphysicalresources(physicalchannel,andcorre/demodulation,power,controlcompanionchannel,etc.).Duringtheoperationofthesystem,OAMsystemtribetweenCNandbasestationaccordingtotheresultsofAIandDTinspection.signalingandAS(AccessStratum)configuratgeneratesacorrespondingcompletionconfirmationm2.2.4NewUltra-DenseNeConnectiondensityisdefinedasth5G,therequirementofconneThedatatrafficandthenfor6G.Devicedensitymaygrowtohundred(s)ofdevicespercubicmeter.TandIndustrialautomatibusesandevencivilaircrafts.Heretheinfrastructureareseamlesslyconnectedw(includingsensorsanduserapplicationtermMulti-sensoryextendedreality:Augmented,mixed,andvirtua(AR/MR/VR)applications,capturingmulti-sensoryinpuserinteractionareconsideredunderthisusecase.Extremelyhighper-userdimmersiveexperience.Remoteconneccommunicationswillrequiredatmultiplesensors,thedeIndustrialautomationantransformationofmanufacturingindustriesandprocessesthroughcyber-physicalintelligence.Inordersystems,andcommunicationtechnologiesareutilizedintheindemergingneedfortheultra-densedeploymentofInsummary,in6G,thenumberofdevicesconnectedtothewirelbemuchlargerthanthenumberofpodifferenttothepopulationdistribution.SomedistinctcharacteristicsofnewUDNcanconnectiondensityonurban/ruralmaynotbeappliconnectiondensitywillbeextendedfromareatospatial;3)thecoverage2.2.5IntegratedsensingandcommunInwirelesscommunication,electromagneticwtransmittertothereceiverthroughspahasthesensingcapability.Thereae.g.thenumberofbasestationsinChinaisontheorderofonemillicommunicationisoneofthemosteffectivemeanstobuildadigitaltwinworld.Thesensingandcommdirection,distance,andspeedofthesensingtarget,ortargranging,imaging,etc.Thesesensingservicescanbeusedtoofwirelesscommunicationsandthequalityoflifeandproduction.Accordingtothesuchasmeteorology,lifeserecognition,facialexpressionrecognition,breathingmonitoring,heartbeatmonitoringmedicalhealth,andThedeterministicnetworkwasoriginallyproposedtosolvetheprobl"best-effort"mechanismofthepacket-switchednetworkcannotandjitterrequirementsofmultipleservices.Deterministicnetworktechnologythecontinuousimprovementofmobilenetworkperformance,vebusinesseshavegraduallybeguntousTSNtoguaranteetheperformanceofindustrialtime-sensitiveservices.Withthediversificationanddifferentiationofservicesindeterminacy.TherealizationofnativedeterminacyinthemobilenetworkwillbecomeInthefuture,thediversifiedscenariosanddifferentiatednetworkrequireexistingdeterministicdelayandjitter,butalsodeterministicbandwidthanddeterministicpositioning,reliability,availabilityandcertaintyrequirementsandreusethetechnicalsystemofURLLC.In6Gmobilenetwork,includingtheRANside,inordertomeetdeterministnativedeterministiccapabilitieswhichcanintelligentlysensebusinessneeds,performprecisetimesynchronizationandreal-timeanddynamicallocationofRANresBesides,6GwillnotonlyachievenativedeverticalindustryprotocolstoguaranteethenAstherapiddevelopmentoffthetraditionalcommunicatiorequirementsoffuturenetwork.Tobreakthroughthebottleneckfortraditionalcommunicationnetwork,thefusionbetweenAI/MLtechnologycommunicationnetworkseemstobeoneofthetrendsofthefutComparedwiththetraditionalcommunicationnetwork,AIcommunicationnetworkandtcommunicationnetworkintIntelligentnetworknotonlyemphasizoptimization,butalsopaysattentionontheroleofterminalsintheintelligentnetwork.Intraditionalcommunicationsystem,terminalsusuallypassivelyacceptnetworkterminalscanactivelyparticipathroughreal-time/near-real-timeintebetterprovidepersonalizedservicesforterminalInthefuture6Gera,theuserexperiencesincommunication,Sensing,compandintelligencewillbegreatlyboosted,befullysatisfied.Thenew6Gnetworkcapabilitiesintermsofradiosignals,resources,functions,andservices,butalsosupportthenewarchitectureandnetworkingmechanisusersforself-development,self-initiative,customization,privacy,anindependentcommunicationconneccorenetworkauthentication,sessionestablishment,andradioaccessnetpowerfulthanthoseofthenetworksidestatuspromotionof6GusersandthecontinuousimprovementofUEcapabilities,thefrompassivetoactiverole,fromsimplybeingserofUEslocallybasedonspecificsubscriptionrequirements,andthenanymemberUEinthesubnetworkcanaccessthe6Gnetworkwiththe6Gnetwork.Suchacommunicationdevicescanbeconnectedtothe6Gnetworktogetheratthesametime,multipleusergroupsassociatedwiththesameserviccollaboratinginthesametaskscanbeconnec2.2.9Multi-partiesNativeNeInthefuture6Gera,thenpowerful,comprehensiveandintelligentsergranularitiesandmakefulsocialrelations,thusformingmoretargetedInthetraditionalIMTmobilesystems,thenetworktopologyisrelatcontinuity.Networkplanningandoptiminetworkingbynetworkslicing,parametersetoptimization,means,whichresultsinpoorperfointroductionofmore6Gnetworkingmodes,tofurtheroptimizetheoverallwirelesscInthemulti-partiesnativenetworkingscenarios,new6Gnetworkcharacteristicsofdifferentgranularitiesandservi2.2.10Theenergyandcost-prioritizednetworkinInthefuture6Gera,new6Gnetworkandultimatesystemperformances,butshoularchitectureandnetworkingmechanisms.Thevisiarchitecturehastwobasicprinciples:Compatibilityandsimplicisustainabledevelopment"DuringtheevolutionoftraditionalIMTmobilesystems,eachgenerationofinterfacespecificationsturnstobemorecompconsumptionandcostturnstobehigher.DespitethereductionandcostsbyusingAIandvariremainsgrimandunsustainabcommercialusageofnew6GnetworksTheenergyandcost-prioritizednetworkingmeansthat,onthepremiseofenergyconsumptionandoperationcostwilltendmassiveconcurrenttransmissionscenariosofsmalldatapacketsinbroadbandsystems,andnarrowbandservicesinnarrowservices,andthetechnologiesofintegratingandutilizinghmulti-band,andfull-btechnologies")willbeoneoftheimportantmeansThe"multi-band"technoloordiscretewirelessspectrumresnetworkresourceutilization,toreducecostandincreaseeInthetraditionalIMTmobilesystems,duetothelimitedcethejointusageofmulti-frequencyresourcesisstaticandsegmented.AlthoughexistingmainstreamtechnologiessuchasCAandDChaveresourcemaintenance,independently,whichcausesredundancyandwasteofschedulerresources.ThehandoverdelaybetweenPCellandSCaggregationinidlemodeneedtoInamulti-bandaggregatednetwork,airinterfacecarrierresomanner.Radiocarrierresources,correspondiandutilizelower-layermulti-bandresources.Suchusagescenarwithalargenumberofdiscretespectrumresources,carrierresothecontinuousemergenceofnscenariosinthe6Gera,suchasdigsuper-poweredtransportation,integrationofintelligence,andintegrationofground,air,spaceandsea,requiretmayincludeextremeuserexperiencerate,ultra-lowlatency,ultramaintenanceefficiency.Theseproblemsshouldbefuincludeandmakerationaluseofnewtechnologies,antheevolutionprocessmaycomefromthefolnetworkperformance.For5Gwirelessnetwork,theprotocolstructureishieandallservicesneedtobeprocessedbylayers.However,theprocessingofeachlaytransmission.Moreover,alargenumberofsignalinginteractionsarerequiredtonetworkresource.Therefore,thedesignof6Gnetworkneedsenhancethefunctionasmuchimplementintelligentairinterface,resourcemanagemnetworkoperationandmaintenance.However,sincetheinitialnetwbreakthroughsandinnovationsfromtheentirenetworkstructmorecomplexnetworkscalpowerconsumption.Forexample,thebasicdeploymentof5Gisafull-functideploymentbasedonthebasestation,thatis,afull-functwhereveritneedstobecovered,whichwillinevitablyleadtohighernetworkshouldprovideindustrycustomerswithmoreagileon-demandnetworkconfigurationandcustomizedappThefourthaspectisthatthefuturecontrolmanagementtechnologymanagementandfastserviceserviceexperienceanddebuildinganewprotocolnetwork,andbuildingamulti-dimensional,full-sceneaccessandsymbioticintegrationsystemwillbethekey3.Thenextgenerationprotocolstackarchitecture3.1PotentialfeaturesoffutureprotocolstacksThroughoutthehistoryofthedevelopmentofmobilecommunication,thenetworkformhasbeencmobilecommunicationtechnologiesandservicerequirements.protocolstackfunctionareaubiquitousconnectionofallscenariosandtheintthediversificationof6Gsecomplexityofthenetwork.Inordertosolvcharacteristicsofon-demandfulfillmentrequirements,whichwilltendtobediversifiedandpersonalized.Therefore,6Gnetworkshouldperformon-demandfunctiondepandresourceconfiguratiservicecapabilitysupplytoprovideuserswithpersonalizedon-demandubiquitousnetworkcoThe6Gnetworkneedsaliteandunifiedprotocolsystemtprotocolandcommunicationaccesstechnology,theunifiedprotocolarchitbeintroducedinaplug-and-playmanner,achievingthepurposeofunifyingthenetworkprotocolsystem.Thelitedesigngreatlyreducesthenumberofprotocolsandsignalinginteractionsrequicomplexityofthenetwork,whilemakingithavethecharacteristicsofpowerfulfunction,toughness,securityandrSoftrealizerapidservicedeployment,automaticupdateandsoftwareversions,andnetworkcanrealizeend-to-endmicroservitizationfunctions,networkautomationandintelligetrulyrealizesinternalandexternalcoordination.InternalAIccapabilitiesofexternalAIintothenetworkthroughtheintelligentplatformtoprovidecorrespondingnewservicesandsuppothenetwork,bringingfurtherimprovementofcontent.Atthesametime,thenetworkModularprocessingisoneofthekeyfeaturesoftraditionalprotocolstafunctionsamongdiffere