江蘇省蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題(解析版)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期二模英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASummercampseverywherearefillingupfast,butopportunitiesremainopenforcampswherefunandgamescomearoundfood-growingit,thatis.Yourkidswilllearnhowtotendtovegetablesandlivestock(家畜)andalmostcertainlytastethefruitsoftheirlabor.Here’sasmallsamplingofwhat’soutthere.Muscot,NewYorkThisfarm,offersahalf-dayWanglerCampforkids(alivestock-centredexperience)andatwo-weeklongYoungFarmerscampforkidsingradesonethrougheight.Campsrangefrom$150forweeklonghalf-daysessionsto$350forfull-daysessionsSproutai’Up,ColoradoAnagriculturefarmwithafocusoneducation,Sprout’Upoffersskill-buildingprogramsforteensthroughouttheyear,buttheirsummercampforkidsisallaboutfun.Inadditiontofarmactivitiesthekidsspendtimeatalocalclimbinggym.Threeweeklyhalf-daysessionsareavailableforhalf-daysessionsareavailablefor$200each.Humboldt,CaliforniaLocatednorthofSanFrancisco,thissleepawaycampspreadsoutoverseveralhundredacresinthecoastalhillsofSonomaCounty.Thelodging(住處)istent-style,withoutdoorshowers.Arangeoffarmactivitiesareavailablethroughoutthesummer.Alegre,GeorgiaYourkidswillcleanandbrushahorse,andlearntomilkagoatatthiscamp.Three-daysessions(morningsonly)cost$125,andparentscanattendwiththeirchildrenforanextrafee.1.Whichcampbestsuitskidswhoenjoyclimbing?A.Museum. B.Sprout’Up. C.Humbold. D.Alge.2.WhatcankidsdoinAlegre?A.Interactwithanimals. B.Havesessionsintheafternoon.C.Sleepintentsatnight. D.Enjoythesceneryofcoastalhills.3.Whatdothefourcampshaveincommon?A.Theyprovidefull-daycamps. B.Theyofferfarm-themedcamps.C.Theyarelocatedinthesamestate. D.Theyfocusonhealtheducation.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了與農(nóng)業(yè)相關(guān)的夏令營(yíng)活動(dòng)?！即鸢浮?.B2.A3.B【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sproutai’Up,Colorado下的“Inadditiontofarmactivitiesthekidsspendtimeatalocalclimbinggym.(除了農(nóng)場(chǎng)活動(dòng)，孩子們還在當(dāng)?shù)氐呐蕩r館消磨時(shí)間)”可知，Sproutai’Up最適合喜歡攀巖的孩子。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Alegre,Georgia下的“Yourkidswillcleanandbrushahorse,andlearntomilkagoatatthiscamp.(你的孩子們將在這個(gè)營(yíng)地里給馬洗澡，給馬刷牙，學(xué)習(xí)給山羊擠奶)”可知，在Alegre孩子們能與動(dòng)物互動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Muscot,NewYork下的“Thisfarm,offersahalf-dayWanglerCampforkids(alivestock-centredexperience)andatwo-weeklongYoungFarmerscampforkidsingradesonethrougheight.(這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)為孩子們提供了半天的旺格勒夏令營(yíng)(以牲畜為中心的體驗(yàn))，為一年級(jí)到八年級(jí)的孩子們提供了為期兩周的青年農(nóng)民夏令營(yíng))”，Sproutai’Up,Colorado下的“Anagriculturefarmwithafocusoneducation,Sprout’Upoffersskill-buildingprogramsforteensthroughouttheyear,buttheirsummercampforkidsisallaboutfun.(Sprout’Up是一個(gè)專注于教育的農(nóng)場(chǎng)，全年為青少年提供技能培養(yǎng)項(xiàng)目，但他們?yōu)楹⒆觽兣e辦的夏令營(yíng)都是為了好玩)”，Humboldt,California下的“Arangeoffarmactivitiesareavailablethroughoutthesummer.(整個(gè)夏天都有一系列的農(nóng)場(chǎng)活動(dòng))”以及Alegre,Georgia下的“Yourkidswillcleanandbrushahorse,andlearntomilkagoatatthiscamp.(你的孩子們將在這個(gè)營(yíng)地里給馬洗澡，給馬刷牙，學(xué)習(xí)給山羊擠奶)”可知，這四個(gè)夏令營(yíng)都提供農(nóng)場(chǎng)主題的營(yíng)地。故選B項(xiàng)。BDeforestatio——byclear-cuttingorwildfires——hasmassiveconsequencesbothonclimateandhealth.ButleavingreforestationtoMotherNaturecantakedecades,particularlyasdisastrouswildfiresareincreasinginfrequencyandintensity.Andthetime,costandlaborinvolvedmakestraditionalmethodsoftreeplantingnotaspracticalastheyoncewere.BryceJonesknowshowharditistoreplantforests.Forfourmonthsin2013,heworkedasatreeplanterthroughoutCanada.“There’snotechnologythere,”hesays.“Theonlywayyoucanaccomplishreforestationisthroughtheair.”Butitwasn’tuntil2019thathehitontheonethathethoughthadpotential:usedrones(無(wú)人機(jī))tofirespeciallydesignedseedpods(莢)intotheground-at10timesthenormaltemperatureandcosting20percentlessthantraditionalmethods.HeproposedtheideatohisbrotherandFlashForcerwasborn.Hisfirstgoalwastoplantabilliontreesby2025.Theteamtookoutaloan,boughtadroneandused3DprintersatJones’sschooltomakecastsofthepods.Now,onlytwoandahalfyearslater,thecompanyhasagroupofdroneswitheachabletocarryseveralthousandpodsperflight.Threeoperatorsworkinafield,controllingfivedrones,whoseflighttake15to20minutes.FlashForcer’sbigdrawisitsseedpod,whichcontainseverythingseedlings(幼苗)needtosurvivesurvival.Anditstechnologyallowsthemtoreachpost-burnsitesorremoteareasthataredifficultfortraditionaltreeplanting.Therearechallengeseveryday,Jonessays,astheyworktoimprovetheengineering,hardware,softwareandseed-podrecipes.Thentherearethechallengespresentedbytheclimate——thisyear,recordtemperatures,recordwildfiresanddrought.“Thatwassomethingthatwastotallyoutofourcontrol,”hesays.Unlikesometraditionalformsofreforestation,FlashForcerisfocusedonbiodiversity.ForJones,thetargetofplantingabilliontreesby2025isjustthebeginning.“Ihaveadreamthatthecompanywillplantonsixcontinents——everywherewhereourtechnologyisneeded,”hesays.4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinparagraph1?A.Thebenefitsofreforestation.B.ThepowerofAImachines.C.Thewayofputtingoutwildfires.D.Thenecessityofusingnewplantingmethods.5.WhatcontributestotheparticularappealofFlashForest?A.Itsdroneoperators. B.Thefrequentflights.C.Itsseedpod. D.Thelowcostofseedlings.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph4referto?A.Extremeweather. B.Dronetechnology.C.3Dequipment. D.Computersoftware.7.WhatcanweinferaboutFlashForestfromthelastparagraph?A.Itchangeditsfocusinthepast.B.Itwillachieveitsfinaltargetin2025.C.Itmightbeavailableworldwideoneday.D.Ithasreplacedtraditionalformsofreforestation.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是新聞報(bào)道。這篇文章主要報(bào)道了一項(xiàng)新的科技應(yīng)用——使用無(wú)人機(jī)進(jìn)行森林再造。〖答案〗4.D5.C6.A7.C【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Deforestatio——byclear-cuttingorwildfires——hasmassiveconsequencesbothonclimateandhealth.ButleavingreforestationtoMotherNaturecantakedecades,particularlyasdisastrouswildfiresareincreasinginfrequencyandintensity.Andthetime,costandlaborinvolvedmakestraditionalmethodsoftreeplantingnotaspracticalastheyoncewere.(森林砍伐——通過砍伐樹木或野火——對(duì)氣候和健康都有巨大的影響。但是，把重新造林交給大自然可能需要幾十年的時(shí)間，尤其是在災(zāi)難性的野火頻率和強(qiáng)度都在增加的情況下。而且所涉及的時(shí)間、成本和勞動(dòng)力使得傳統(tǒng)的植樹方法不像以前那么實(shí)用了)”可知，作者在第一段想告訴我們用傳統(tǒng)的種樹方法也不切實(shí)際，意思就是我們需要更新更先進(jìn)的種樹方法，也就是采用新的種植方法的必要性。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Theteamtookoutaloan,boughtadroneandused3DprintersatJones’sschooltomakecastsofthepods.Now,onlytwoandahalfyearslater,thecompanyhasagroupofdroneswitheachabletocarryseveralthousandpodsperflight.Threeoperatorsworkinafield,controllingfivedrones,whoseflighttake15to20minutes.FlashForcer’sbigdrawisitsseedpod,whichcontainseverythingseedlings(幼苗)needtosurvivesurvival.Anditstechnologyallowsthemtoreachpost-burnsitesorremoteareasthataredifficultfortraditionaltreeplanting.(該團(tuán)隊(duì)貸款，購(gòu)買了一架無(wú)人機(jī)，并在瓊斯的學(xué)校使用3D打印機(jī)制作了豆莢的模型?，F(xiàn)在，僅僅兩年半之后，該公司就擁有了一組無(wú)人機(jī)，每架無(wú)人機(jī)每次飛行都能攜帶數(shù)千個(gè)吊艙。三名操作員在一個(gè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作，控制五架無(wú)人機(jī)，飛行時(shí)間為15到20分鐘。FlashForcer最大的吸引力在于它的種子莢，里面包含了幼苗生存所需的一切。它的技術(shù)使它們能夠到達(dá)燃燒后的地點(diǎn)或傳統(tǒng)植樹難以到達(dá)的偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)。)”可知，F(xiàn)lashForcer最大的吸引力在于它的種子莢。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。that為代詞，應(yīng)是代指前文提到的事物，根據(jù)前文“Thentherearethechallengespresentedbytheclimate——thisyear,recordtemperatures,recordwildfiresanddrought.(然后是氣候帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)——今年，創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的氣溫、創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的野火和干旱。)”可知，that代指應(yīng)是前文提到的極端天氣。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Unlikesometraditionalformsofreforestation,FlashForcerisfocusedonbiodiversity.ForJones,thetargetofplantingabilliontreesby2025isjustthebeginning.“Ihaveadreamthatthecompanywillplantonsixcontinents——everywherewhereourtechnologyisneeded,”hesays.(與一些傳統(tǒng)形式的再造林不同，F(xiàn)lashForcer專注于生物多樣性。對(duì)瓊斯來(lái)說，到2025年種植10億棵樹的目標(biāo)僅僅是個(gè)開始。他說：“我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想，公司將在六大洲——任何需要我們技術(shù)的地方——建廠?！?”可知，從本段可推斷也許FlashForest以后會(huì)推廣至全世界。故選C項(xiàng)。CThehumanvoiceisadelicatething.Eachperson’sdistinctivevoiceisproducedwhenairfromthelungscausesthevocalcords(聲帶)tovibrate(震顫).Thesevocalcordscaneasilygetdamaged.Accordingtoa2005study,30%ofthepopulationwillexperienceavoicedisorderatsomepointintheirlife.InastudypublishedinthejournalNatureCommunicationsthisweek,agroupofbioengineeringresearchersfromtheUniversityofCaliforniahaveputforwardanattractivesolution.Theyhavedesignedandtestedasoftpatch(小片)thatcanbestuckontoaperson’sneck,whereitwillpickupmusclemovementsand,withthehelpofmachine-learningalgorithms(算法)thatprocessthesignals,translatethemintospeech.Whenapersonlosestheirvoicetoday,theeasiestfixistoturntotyping,texting,orwritingnotestocommunicate.Typingcanbeslowandconvenient,saysJunChen,thepaper’sleadauthor,andwritingnotesisonlypossibleingoodlighting.Thenewsolutionwouldthereforebeabletoclearallthesehurdles.Dr.Chen’sdeviceworksbasedonsomethingcalledthemagnetoelasticeffect.Essentially,whentinymagnetic(磁性的)bitsareplacedintosoftmaterials,theirmagneticpropertiescanchangeasthematerialisstretched.Whenthethroatmusclesmoveunderthesoftpatch,theresultingmagnetoelasticeffectscanbechangedintoelectricalsignals.Inatestwitheightparticipants,thevariationscanbechangedbyelectricalsignals.Researchersrecordedthesignalsasthesubjectsspokeandmouthedfivedifferentsentences.Theythentrainedamachine-learningmodelwhichwasthenabletopredictwhichofthefivesentencestheparticipantsspoke-whetheraloudorinsilence-withmorethan90%accuracy.Thereisawaytogoyet,fornowthedevicecanonlyrecognizethefivephrasesitwastrainedon.Plus,tomakeitpracticalatscale,theresearcherswillneedtocollectalotmoredata.8.Inparagraph1,theauthormainlywantstotellusthat____.A.lungsareeasilydamagedB.thehumanvoiceisuniqueC.vocalcordsvibratetoproducesoundD.voicedisordersareaproblemworthyofattention9.Whydoestheauthormentionthebiometriceffect?A.Toexplaintheworkingprinciple. B.Topresentasolution.C.Tointroducethechallenge. D.Tomakeacomparison.10.Whatisthefunctionofthesoftpatch?A.Predictingfivedifferentsentences.B.destroyingthebackgroundmagneticfield.C.Slowingthemovementsofthroatmuscles.D.Helpingturnmusclemovementsintoelectricalsignals.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PredictingtheImportanceofVoiceRestorationB.UsingAlgorithmsinBioengineeringResearchC.OvercomingVoiceLosswithaninnovativePatchD.FindingthePrincipleofCommunicationDevices【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說明文。介紹了一項(xiàng)最新的科學(xué)研究成果，即一種可以貼在人脖子上的軟貼片，能夠通過捕捉肌肉運(yùn)動(dòng)并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為語(yǔ)言。〖答案〗8.D9.A10.D11.C【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thehumanvoiceisadelicatething.Eachperson’sdistinctivevoiceisproducedwhenairfromthelungscausesthevocalcords(聲帶)tovibrate(震顫).Thesevocalcordscaneasilygetdamaged.Accordingtoa2005study,30%ofthepopulationwillexperienceavoicedisorderatsomepointintheirlife.(人類的聲音是一種微妙的東西。每個(gè)人獨(dú)特的聲音是由肺部的空氣引起聲帶振動(dòng)而產(chǎn)生的。這些聲帶很容易受損。根據(jù)2005年的一項(xiàng)研究，30%的人在一生中的某個(gè)階段會(huì)經(jīng)歷聲音障礙)”可知，本段主要想告訴我們聲音障礙是一個(gè)值得關(guān)注的問題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyhavedesignedandtestedasoftpatch(小片)thatcanbestuckontoaperson’sneck,whereitwillpickupmusclemovementsand,withthehelpofmachine-learningalgorithms(算法)thatprocessthesignals,translatethemintospeech.(他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)并測(cè)試了一種柔軟的貼片，可以貼在人的脖子上，在那里它會(huì)捕捉肌肉運(yùn)動(dòng)，并在處理信號(hào)的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法的幫助下，將它們轉(zhuǎn)化為語(yǔ)音)”以及第三段“Whenapersonlosestheirvoicetoday,theeasiestfixistoturntotyping,texting,orwritingnotestocommunicate.Typingcanbeslowandconvenient,saysJunChen,thepaper’sleadauthor,andwritingnotesisonlypossibleingoodlighting.Thenewsolutionwouldthereforebeabletoclearallthesehurdles.(如今，當(dāng)一個(gè)人失聲時(shí)，最簡(jiǎn)單的解決辦法就是打字、發(fā)短信或?qū)懝P記來(lái)交流。該論文的第一作者JunChen說，打字可能既慢又方便，而且只有在良好的光線下才能寫筆記。因此，新的解決方案將能夠清除所有這些障礙)”和第四段“Dr.Chen’sdeviceworksbasedonsomethingcalledthemagnetoelasticeffect.(陳博士的裝置是基于磁彈性效應(yīng)工作的)”可知，作者提到magnetoelasticeffect是為了解釋貼片的工作原理。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Essentially,whentinymagnetic(磁性的)bitsareplacedintosoftmaterials,theirmagneticpropertiescanchangeasthematerialisstretched.(從本質(zhì)上講，當(dāng)微小的磁性鉆頭被放入柔軟的材料中時(shí)，它們的磁性會(huì)隨著材料的拉伸而改變)”以及第五段“Whenthethroatmusclesmoveunderthesoftpatch,theresultingmagnetoelasticeffectscanbechangedintoelectricalsignals.(當(dāng)喉部肌肉在軟貼片下運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)，產(chǎn)生的磁彈性效應(yīng)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為電信號(hào))”可知，軟貼片的功能是幫助將肌肉運(yùn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)化為電信號(hào)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“InastudypublishedinthejournalNatureCommunicationsthisweek,agroupofbioengineeringresearchersfromtheUniversityofCaliforniahaveputforwardanattractivesolution.Theyhavedesignedandtestedasoftpatch(小片)thatcanbestuckontoaperson’sneck,whereitwillpickupmusclemovementsand,withthehelpofmachine-learningalgorithms(算法)thatprocessthesignals,translatethemintospeech.(在本周發(fā)表在《自然通訊》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究中，來(lái)自加州大學(xué)的一組生物工程研究人員提出了一個(gè)有吸引力的解決方案。他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)并測(cè)試了一種柔軟的貼片，可以貼在人的脖子上，在那里它會(huì)捕捉肌肉運(yùn)動(dòng)，并在處理信號(hào)的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法的幫助下，將它們轉(zhuǎn)化為語(yǔ)音)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了一種可以貼在人脖子上的軟貼片，能夠通過捕捉肌肉運(yùn)動(dòng)并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為語(yǔ)言，所以C項(xiàng)“OvercomingVoiceLosswithaninnovativePatch(用創(chuàng)新的貼片克服失聲)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。DInrecentyears,muchofmylifeasaconsumerhasshiftedtowhatIliketocallbackground.AsI’vesubscribedtomoreappsandstreamingplatforms,significantsumsofmymoneytendtoslipawayeachmonthwithoutmyeverthinkingaboutit.Thinkofitasanautomatedtrade.Spendingwithoutthetroubleofspending.Acquaintionwithoutaction.Orthought.Butwhilethisfloodofsubscriptionswassoldtomeontheconditionthatitwouldmakemylifemoretrouble-free,therewasacertainshockIfeltupondiscoveringhowmuchIwasspendingwithoutrealizingeachmonth($179.45).Yousee,thethingaboutbackgroundspendingisthatittendstohappen,well,inthebackgroundwithoutyourfullattention.Andthereliesthepoint.“Handoveryourcreditcarddetailsandletustakecareoftherest,”thesecompaniespromote.Butbyagainsingtheirname,we’vebecomelazy,positiveconsumers.Andthislazinessbreeds(導(dǎo)致)morelazinessbecausemostofuscan’tbebotheredwithconductingregularreviewsofoursubscriptionspending.We’retoolazytoevennoticeorcancelit!Iknowit’snotjustmewhoissuddenlylivinglifeasasmart-braisedsubscriber.Theaverageconsumerspends$273permonthonsubscriptions,accordingtoa2021studyof2,500bydigitalservicesfirmWestMorose.Notasinglepersonsurveyedknewwhathisactuallymonthlyspendingwas.It’sunderstandablewhythismodelissoattractivetobusinesses.Ascompaniesquestionedtraditionaladvertisingmodels,subscriptionofferedthepromiseof“sellingonceandearningforever.”Andwhilesubscriptionserviceshavebeenaroundfordecades(thinkWineoftheMonthClub),morecustomershavebeenwillingtosignupthankstothewidespreadavailabilityofsmartphonesandtheincreasingeaseofhomedelivery.Whilethesesubscriptionpromiseeaseandhappiness,notallofusaresatisfied.Lastyear,theKamenyInstitutefound40percentofconsumerbelievetheyhavetoomanysubscriptions.Almosthalfofusalsothinkwepaytoomuchforstreamingvideo-on-demandsubscriptions.12.Whatcanweknowaboutbackgroundspendinginparagraph2?A.Itspurpose. B.Itsfeature. C.Itsprocedure. D.Itsrequirement.13.Whatmakesitpossibleforbackgroundspendingtohappen?A.Itsattractiveprice. B.Somepeople’spoorhabit.C.Itssecureservice. D.Somepeople’saddictiontoit.14.Whyisthesubscriptionmodelappealingtobusinesses?A.Itoffersgoodhomedeliveryservices.B.Itisliketraditionaladvertisingmodels.C.Itispopularamongsmartphoneproducers.D.Itbringsrepeatedprofitsthroughasinglesale.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsbackgroundspending?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Critical. D.Unclear.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷，揭示了訂閱服務(wù)可能導(dǎo)致消費(fèi)者在不知不覺中花費(fèi)巨額資金，同時(shí)也指出了這種消費(fèi)模式的便利性和潛在問題。〖答案〗12.B13.B14.D15.C【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thinkofitasanautomatedtrade.Spendingwithoutthetroubleofspending.Acquaintionwithoutaction.Orthought.(將其視為自動(dòng)化交易。不用麻煩地花錢。無(wú)需行動(dòng)或思考的熟悉過程)”可知，作者是在描述背景支出的特征，即它是一種自動(dòng)化的、不需要思考或行動(dòng)的消費(fèi)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段““Handoveryourcreditcarddetailsandletustakecareoftherest,”thesecompaniespromote.Butbyagainsingtheirname,we’vebecomelazy,positiveconsumers.Andthislazinessbreeds(導(dǎo)致)morelazinessbecausemostofuscan’tbebotheredwithconductingregularreviewsofoursubscriptionspending.We’retoolazytoevennoticeorcancelit!(“交出你的信用卡信息，其他的交給我們來(lái)處理”，這些公司如此宣傳。但一聽到他們的名字，我們就變成了懶惰而積極的消費(fèi)者。而這種懶惰會(huì)滋生更多的懶惰，因?yàn)槲覀兇蠖鄶?shù)人都不想費(fèi)心去定期檢查我們的訂閱支出。我們甚至懶得注意或取消訂閱！)”以及第六段“Notasinglepersonsurveyedknewwhathisactuallymonthlyspendingwas.(沒有一個(gè)接受調(diào)查的人知道自己每月的實(shí)際支出是多少)”可知，可知，是有些人的壞習(xí)慣讓后臺(tái)支出成為可能。故選B項(xiàng)。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“It’sunderstandablewhythismodelissoattractivetobusinesses.Ascompaniesquestionedtraditionaladvertisingmodels,subscriptionofferedthepromiseof“sellingonceandearningforever.”Andwhilesubscriptionserviceshavebeenaroundfordecades(thinkWineoftheMonthClub),morecustomershavebeenwillingtosignupthankstothewidespreadavailabilityofsmartphonesandtheincreasingeaseofhomedelivery.(可以理解為什么這種模式對(duì)企業(yè)如此有吸引力。當(dāng)公司質(zhì)疑傳統(tǒng)廣告模式時(shí)，訂閱提供了“一次銷售，永遠(yuǎn)盈利”的承諾。雖然訂閱服務(wù)已經(jīng)存在了幾十年(想想月度葡萄酒俱樂部吧)，但由于智能手機(jī)的普及和送貨上門的日益便利，越來(lái)越多的客戶愿意注冊(cè))”可知，因?yàn)橛嗛喣Ｊ酵ㄟ^一次銷售帶來(lái)了重復(fù)的利潤(rùn)，所以對(duì)企業(yè)有吸引力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilethesesubscriptionpromiseeaseandhappiness,notallofusaresatisfied.Lastyear,theKamenyInstitutefound40percentofconsumerbelievetheyhavetoomanysubscriptions.Almosthalfofusalsothinkwepaytoomuchforstreamingvideo-on-demandsubscriptions.(雖然這些訂閱承諾輕松和快樂，但并非所有人都滿意。去年，卡米尼研究所發(fā)現(xiàn)，40%的消費(fèi)者認(rèn)為他們的訂閱量太多了。近一半的人還認(rèn)為，我們?yōu)榱髅襟w視頻點(diǎn)播訂閱支付了太多費(fèi)用)”可知，作者對(duì)背景支出持批評(píng)態(tài)度，認(rèn)為消費(fèi)者為此付出了太多,而收效甚微。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouaretryingtoassessaperson’scharacter,makesureyoudonotrelytooheavilyonfactorsthatcanbemisleading.Instead,observetheindividual’sabilitytotellthetruthandtocommit.___16___Youcantellalotaboutaperson’scharacterbyobservinghowhetreatsotherpeople.___17___Itmaybedifficulttodeterminehowhetreatsdifferenttypesofpeopleifyouonlyencounterhiminasingleenvironment,suchastheworkplace.Itisoftenpossible,however,togetsomeideaofhismannerofinteractionwithdifferenttypesofpeoplethroughconversationwithhim.Whetherornotapersonishonestsaysalotabouthischaracter.Theattitudeapersonhasabouthonestycanalsoindicatewhattypeofpersonheis.___18___Tosomedegreethetypesoflieshemaytellandhismotivesfordoingsomatter.___19___Theword“commitment”oftencausespeopletoinstantlythinkofcloserelationships.Whetherapersoncanrespectthevows(誓約)andagreementsisusuallyanindicationofcharacter.Aperson’scharacterisaffectedbyhisattitude.___20___Attitudecanaffectmanyaspectsofaperson’slife,includinghowhardheworksandhisabilitytobesupportiveofothers.Whenyouaretryingtoassesssomeone’scharacter,rememberthatitconsistsofqualitiesandhabitsthatformhisidentity.A.Moreimportantly,it’snecessarytocontinuehisinnerstruggle.B.Thelevelofcommitmentindicatesthetypeofcharacterhehas.C.Therearemanyotherthingsinlifethatmayrequirecommitment.D.Thisincludesbothpeopleheknowsandpeoplehedoesnotknow.E.Also,payattentiontohisattitudeandtrytodistinguishhowitimpactshislife.F.Observetheperson’sconversationsandtrytodeterminehowoftenhetellslies.G.Somepeoplegenerallyhaveanegativeoutlookwhileothersmaytrytobepositiveevenindifficultsituations.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了如何評(píng)估一個(gè)人的性格，給出了具體的方法和建議?！即鸢浮?6.E17.D18.F19.B20.G【16題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Ifyouaretryingtoassessaperson’scharacter,makesureyoudonotrelytooheavilyonfactorsthatcanbemisleading.Instead,observetheindividual’sabilitytotellthetruthandtocommit.(如果你試圖評(píng)估一個(gè)人的性格，確保你不要過于依賴可能會(huì)誤導(dǎo)人的因素。相反，觀察一個(gè)人說真話和承諾的能力)”可知，此處在講述應(yīng)該通過哪些方面去評(píng)估一個(gè)人的性格，所以E項(xiàng)“Also,payattentiontohisattitudeandtrytodistinguishhowitimpactshislife.(同時(shí)，注意他的態(tài)度，并試著區(qū)分它是如何影響他的生活的)”符合此處主題，承接上文，講述通過他的態(tài)度去評(píng)估一個(gè)人的性格。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Youcantellalotaboutaperson’scharacterbyobservinghowhetreatsotherpeople.(你可以通過觀察一個(gè)人如何對(duì)待別人來(lái)了解他的性格)”可知，D項(xiàng)“Thisincludesbothpeopleheknowsandpeoplehedoesnotknow.(這包括他認(rèn)識(shí)的人和他不認(rèn)識(shí)的人)”是對(duì)前句提及的“別人”的詳細(xì)補(bǔ)充，符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Whetherornotapersonishonestsaysalotabouthischaracter.Theattitudeapersonhasabouthonestycanalsoindicatewhattypeofpersonheis.(一個(gè)人是否誠(chéng)實(shí)在很大程度上反映了他的性格。一個(gè)人對(duì)誠(chéng)實(shí)的態(tài)度也可以表明他是什么類型的人)”可知，本段主要講述了通過觀察一個(gè)人是否誠(chéng)實(shí)來(lái)評(píng)估他的性格，所以F項(xiàng)“Observetheperson’sconversationsandtrytodeterminehowoftenhetellslies.(觀察這個(gè)人的談話，試著確定他說謊的頻率)”符合本段主題。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】分析設(shè)空處，位于段首，為本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“Theword“commitment”oftencausespeopletoinstantlythinkofcloserelationships.Whetherapersoncanrespectthevows(誓約)andagreementsisusuallyanindicationofcharacter.(“承諾”這個(gè)詞通常會(huì)讓人們立刻聯(lián)想到親密關(guān)系。一個(gè)人是否能尊重誓言和協(xié)議通常是一個(gè)人性格的標(biāo)志)”可知，本段主要講述通過觀察一個(gè)人是否能遵守承諾來(lái)評(píng)估一個(gè)人的性格，所以B項(xiàng)“Thelevelofcommitmentindicatesthetypeofcharacterhehas.(承諾的程度表明了他的性格類型)”符合本段主題，其中commitment為同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Aperson’scharacterisaffectedbyhisattitude.(一個(gè)人的態(tài)度影響他的性格)”可知，本段主要講述一個(gè)人對(duì)事物的態(tài)度會(huì)影響他的性格，所以G項(xiàng)“Somepeoplegenerallyhaveanegativeoutlookwhileothersmaytrytobepositiveevenindifficultsituations.(有些人通常持消極態(tài)度，而有些人即使在困難的情況下也會(huì)努力保持積極態(tài)度)”是對(duì)前文的詳細(xì)解釋，符合文意。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GlenEdwardsbecameaherowhenherescuedaconstructionworkertrappedontopofa160-meter-highbuilding.Asacrane(吊車)___21___workingonaconstructionsite,Edwards___22___foundhimselfinalife-savingmissionwhenafirebrokeout.Herecalledhowhe___23___thetrappedworkerfromhiscrane’scabin(駕駛艙),andhowhecameupwiththeideaofsavingthemanbylowerinacagetohimtolethim___24___.However,hisattemptto___25___thecagebeforethemanwasbynomeansaneasyjob,aseachpost(彈)ofwindpreventedtothrowhiscraneoffbalance.Besides,thesmokeandflamesalsoaddedtothedifficulty.___26___thegreatchallenges,Edwardsrefusedtogiveupandfoughtto___27___control.Luckily,someoneonthegroundoffered___28___onwheretolandthecagethrougharadio.Edwards___29___thecrane’smovements,inchbyinch,untilthecagehanged(盤旋)justinchesfromtheedgeofthe___30___.Withdetermination,Edwardssuccessfullylandedthecage.Eventually,Edwardswatchedthecage___31___themanawayfromthehorriblefirebelowandloweringhimtosafety.Thecrowd___32___abigroundofapplause,atribute(致敬)tothecourageandskill___33___byEdwards.Heknewthathisquickthinkingandstrong___34___hadmadeallthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathinthefaceofdisaster.AGoFundMepagehasnowbeensetuptoraisemoneyforhim——withorganizers___35___peopleto“buyGlenabeer”forhislife-savingefforts.21.A.engineer B.operator C.cleaner D.salesman22.A.regularly B.unfortunately C.intentionally D.unexpectedly23.A.helped B.spotted C.realized D.guided24.A.escape B.hide C.walk D.slide25.A.clean B.cover C.position D.open26.A.Despite B.Without C.For D.From27.A.switch B.maintain C.lose D.give28.A.instructions B.problems C.explanations D.courses29.A.quickened B.described C.adjusted D.repeated30.A.door B.garden C.crane D.roof31.A.persuading B.lifting C.warning D.dragging32.A.wentthrough B.puton C.askedfor D.brokeinto33.A.displayed B.admitted C.exchanged D.required34.A.preference B.response C.emotion D.determination35.A.choosing B.encouraging C.ordering D.teaching【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一名起重機(jī)操作員GlenEdwards在一次建筑工地火災(zāi)中英勇救援一名被困工人的事跡，描述了他的救援過程和所面臨的困難，以及他成功救出被困工人的結(jié)果。〖答案〗21.B22.D23.B24.A25.C26.A27.B28.A29.C30.D31.B32.D33.A34.D35.B【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名在建筑工地工作的起重機(jī)操作員，當(dāng)一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)，Edwards意外地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正在執(zhí)行一項(xiàng)拯救生命的任務(wù)。A.engineer工程師；B.operator操作人員；C.cleaner清潔工；D.salesman推銷員。根據(jù)后文“workingonaconstructionsite”可知，Edwards在建筑工地工作，所以應(yīng)是起重機(jī)操作員。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名在建筑工地工作的起重機(jī)操作員，當(dāng)一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)，Edwards意外地發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正在執(zhí)行一項(xiàng)拯救生命的任務(wù)。A.regularly經(jīng)常；B.unfortunately不幸地；C.intentionally故意；D.unexpectedly意外地。根據(jù)后文“foundhimselfinalife-savingmissionwhenafirebrokeout”可知，Edwards本是一名在建筑工地工作的起重機(jī)操作員，確發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正在執(zhí)行一項(xiàng)拯救生命的任務(wù)，所以應(yīng)是意外地。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他回憶起他是如何從吊車的船艙里發(fā)現(xiàn)被困工人的，以及他是如何想出救他的主意的，他把一個(gè)籠子放下來(lái)讓他逃跑。A.helped幫助；B.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.realized認(rèn)識(shí)到；D.guided指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)后文“thetrappedworkerfromhiscrane’scabin”可知，從吊車的船艙里應(yīng)是發(fā)現(xiàn)被困工人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他回憶起他是如何從吊車的船艙里發(fā)現(xiàn)被困工人的，以及他是如何想出救他的主意的，他把一個(gè)籠子放下來(lái)讓他逃跑。A.escape逃跑；B.hide隱藏；C.walk步行；D.slide滑動(dòng)。根據(jù)前文“howhecameupwiththeideaofsavingtheman”可知，Edwards救了被困的工人，所以應(yīng)是把一個(gè)籠子放下來(lái)讓他逃出火場(chǎng)。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，他想在那個(gè)男人面前把籠子擺放到位的嘗試絕非易事，因?yàn)槊恳魂囷L(fēng)都會(huì)把他的起重機(jī)吹得失去平衡。A.clean打掃；B.cover覆蓋；C.position安置，使處于；D.open打開。根據(jù)后文“aseachpost(彈)ofwindpreventedtothrowhiscraneoffbalance.Besides,thesmokeandflamesalsoaddedtothedifficulty”可知，風(fēng)會(huì)讓起重機(jī)失去平衡，在加上煙霧和火焰讓視野不好，所以應(yīng)是把籠子擺放到位的嘗試絕非易事。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管面臨巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，Edwards拒絕放棄，并為保持控制權(quán)而斗爭(zhēng)。A.Despite盡管；B.Without沒有；C.For為了；D.From來(lái)自。根據(jù)后文“thegreatchallenges,Edwardsrefusedtogiveup”可知，此處表達(dá)“雖然，盡管”之意，用Despite引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管面臨巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，Edwards拒絕放棄，并為保持控制權(quán)而斗爭(zhēng)。A.switch轉(zhuǎn)換；B.maintain保持；C.lose失去；D.give給。根據(jù)前文“However,hisattempttothecagebeforethemanwasbynomeansaneasyjob”以及“Edwardsrefusedtogiveup”可知，他想在那個(gè)男人面前把籠子擺放到位的嘗試絕非易事，但是Edwards不想放棄，所以是為保持控制權(quán)而斗爭(zhēng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，地面上有人通過無(wú)線電指示在哪里降落籠子。A.instructions指示；B.problems問題；C.explanations解釋；D.courses課程。根據(jù)后文“onwheretolandthecagethrougharadio”可知，通過無(wú)線電，應(yīng)是指示在哪里降落籠子。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Edwards一寸一寸地調(diào)整起重機(jī)的動(dòng)作，直到籠子懸掛在離屋頂邊緣只有幾英寸的地方。A.quickened加快；B.described描述；C.adjusted調(diào)整；D.repeated重復(fù)。根據(jù)后文“inchbyinch,untilthecagehanged(盤旋)justinchesfromtheedgeofthe.”可知，應(yīng)是Edwards一寸一寸地調(diào)整起重機(jī)的動(dòng)作。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Edwards一寸一寸地調(diào)整起重機(jī)的動(dòng)作，直到籠子懸掛在離屋頂邊緣只有幾英寸的地方。A.door門；B.garden花園；C.crane起重機(jī)；D.roof屋頂。根據(jù)前文“GlenEdwardsbecameaherowhenherescuedaconstructionworkertrappedontopofa160-meter-highbuilding.”可知，工人被困在樓頂，所以應(yīng)是籠子懸掛在離屋頂邊緣只有幾英寸的地方。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，Edwards看著籠子把這個(gè)人從下面可怕的大火中抬了出來(lái)，把他送到了安全的地方。A.persuading說服；B.lifting吊起；C.warning警告；D.dragging拖。根據(jù)前文“Edwardsthecrane’smovements,inchbyinch,untilthecagehanged(盤旋)justinchesfromtheedgeofthe.”