銀行系統(tǒng)招聘考試（英語）模擬試卷37

銀行系統(tǒng)招聘考試（英語）模擬試卷37一、閱讀理解(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)DianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21-year-oldtwinsons：acombinationofsavings，income，scholarships，andamodestamountofborrowing，Thenherhusbandlosthisjob，andtheplanfellapart，“Ihavetwokidsincollege，and1wanttosay‘comehome’，butatthesametime1wanttoprovidethemwithagoodeducation，”saysJacobs，TheJacobsfamilydidworkoutasolution：Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidfromtheschoolsandeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloanprogram，Theywilleachgraduatewith$20，000ofdebt，butatleasttheywillbeabletofinishschool，Withunemploymentrising，financialalladministratorsexpecttohearmorefamiliesliketheJacobs，Morestudentsareapplyingforaid，andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentloans，Collegeadministratorsareconcernedthattheywillnothaveenoughaidmoneytogoaround，Atthesametime，tuitioncontinuestorise，AreportfromtheNationalCenterforPublicPolicyandHigherEducationfoundthatcollegetuitionandfeesincreased439％front1982to2007，Whileaveragefamilyincomerosejust147％，Studentborrowinghasmorethandoubledinthelastdecade，“Ifwegoonthiswayforanother25years，wewon’thavean'affordablesystemofhighereducation，”saysPatrickM，Callan，presidentofthecenter，“Themiddleclassfamilieshavebeenfinancingitthroughdebt，Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes，evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt，”Financialaidadministratorshavebeenhavingahardtimeasmanycompaniesdecidethatstudentloansarenotprofitableenoughandhavestoppedmakingthem，Thegoodnews，however，isthatfederalloansaccountforaboutthreequartersofstudentborrowing，amtthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted，1、AccordingtoParagraph1，whydidtheplanofJacobsfamilyfail?A、Thetwinswastedtoomuchmoney，B、Thefatherwasoutofwork，C、Theirsavingsranout，D、Thefamilyfellapart，標準答案：B知識點解析：根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“Thenherhusbandlosthisjob．a(chǎn)ndtheplanfellapart”可知，B項正確。2、HowdidtheJacobsmanagetosolvetheirproblem?A、Theyaskedtheirkidstocomehome，B、Theyborrowed$20，000fromtheschool，C、Theyencouragedtheirtwinsonstodopart-timejobs，D、Theygothelpfromtheschoolandthefederalgovernment，標準答案：D知識點解析：根據(jù)第三段第一句話“…Theyaskedandreceivedmore-aidfromtheschools，andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloanprogram，”可知，D項正確。3、Financialaidadministratorsbelievethat________A、morefamilieswillfacethesameproblemastheJacobsesB、thegovernmentwillreceivemorelettersofcomplaintC、collegetuitionfeeswilldoublesoonD、America’sunemploymentwillfall標準答案：A知識點解析：根據(jù)第四段前兩句話“…financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearmorefamilieslikelyJacobs，Morestudentsareapplyingforaid，andmorefamiliesexpectf0needstudentloans，”可知，A項正確。4、Whatcanwelearnaboutthemiddleclassfamiliesfromthetext?A、Theyblamedthegovernmentforthetuitionincrease，B、Theirincomeremainedsteadyinthelastdecade，C、Theywilltrytheirbesttosendkidstocollege，D、Theirdebtswillbepaidoffwithin25years，標準答案：C知識點解析：根據(jù)第六段最后一句話“Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes，evenifthatmeansahuge-amountofdebt，”可推斷，C項正確。5、Accordingtothelastparagraph，thegovernmentwill________A、providemoststudentswithscholarshipB、dismisssomefinancialaidadministratorsC、stopthecompaniesfrommakingstudentloansD、goonprovidingfinancialsupportforcollegestudents標準答案：D知識點解析：根據(jù)第七段最后一句話“…thegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted”可推斷，D項正確。Theevidenceforharmonymaynotbeobviousinsomefamilies，Butitseemsthatfouroutoffiveyoungpeoplenowgetonwiththeirparents，whichistheoppositeofthepopularlyheldimageofonhappyteenagerslockedintheirroomafterendlessfamilyquarrels，Animportantnewstudyintoteenageattitudessurprisinglyshowsthattheirfamilylifeismoreharmoniousthanithaseverbeeninthepast，“Weweresurprisedbyjusthowpositivetoday’syoungpeopleseemtobeabouttheirfamilies，”saidonememberoftheresearchteam，“They’reexpectedtoberebelliousandselfish，butactuallytheyhaveotherthingsontheirminds：theywantacarandmaterialgoods，andtheyworryaboutwhetherschoolisservingthemwell，There’smorenegotiationanddiscussionbetweenparentsandchildren，andchildrenexpecttotakepartinthefamilydecision-makingprocess，Theydon’twanttorocktheboat，’’Soitseemsthatthisgenerationofparentsismuchmorelikelythanparentsof30yearsagototreattheirchildrenasfriends，“Myparentsarehappytodiscussthingswithmeandwillingtolistentome，”says17-year-oldDanielLazalI-“IalwaystellthemwhenI’mgoingoutclubbing，AslongastheyknowwhatI’mdoing，they’refinewithit，”SusanCrome，whoisnow21，agrees，“Lookingbackonthelast10years，therewasalotofwhatyoucouldcallnegotiation，F(xiàn)orexample，aslongasI’ddoneallmyhomework，IcouldgooutonaSaturdaynight，ButIthinknaygrandparentswerealotstricterwithmyparentsthanthat，’’Maybethispositiveviewoffamilylifeshouldnotbeunexpected，Itispossiblethattheideaofteenagerebellionisnotrootedinrealfacts，Aresearchercomments，“Oursurprisethatteenagerssaytheygetalongwellwiththeirparentsconiesbecauseofabriefperiodinoursocialhistorywhenteenagerswereregardedasdifferentbeings，Butthatideaofrebellingandbreakingawayfromtheirparentsreallyonlyhappenedduringthatonetimeinthe1960swheneveryonerebelled，Thenormalsituationthroughouthistoryhasbeenasmoothchangefromhelpingoutwiththefamilybusinesstotakingitover，”6、Whatisthepopularimageofteenagerstoday?A、Theyworryaboutschool，B、Theydislikelivingwiththeirparents，C、Theyhavetobelockedintoavoidtroubles，D、Theyquarrelalotwithotherfamilymembers，標準答案：D知識點解析：根據(jù)第一段“whichistheoppositeofthepopularlyheldimage0funhappyteenagerslockedintheirroomafter-endlessfamilyquarrels，”可知，(青少年)流行的形象是和父母無休止爭吵完后把自己鎖在屋子里，所以青少年給人的印象是常常和其他家庭成員爭吵。7、Thestudyshowsthatteenagersdon’twantto________A、sharefamilyresponsibilityB、causetroubleintheirfamiliesC、goboatingwiththeirfamilyD、makefamilydecisions標準答案：B知識點解析：根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Theydon’twanttorocktheboat，”可知，孩子們不想制造麻煩。rocktheboat足“搗亂、制造麻煩”的意思。8、Comparedwithparentsof30yearsago，todayparents________A、gotoclubsmoreoftenwiththeirchildrenB、aremuchstricterwiththeirchildrenC、carelessabouttheirchildren’slifeD、givetheirchildrenmorefreedom標準答案：D知識點解析：根據(jù)第三段第一句“soitseemsthatthisgenerationofparentsismuchmorelikelythanparentsof30yearsagototreattheirchildrenasfriends，”和Susancrome的描述“l(fā)ookingbackonthelast10years，therewasalotofwhatyoucouldcallnegotiation，”可知，這一代的父母比起30年前下一代的父母更善于把孩子當(dāng)成朋友看待，Susan說有很多事情都可以和她父母商量，也就是說這一代父母給孩子更多自由。9、Accordingtotheauthor，teenagerebellion________A、maybeafalsebeliefB、iscommonnowadaysC、existedonlyinthe196osD、resultedfromchangesinfamilies標準答案：A知識點解析：根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Itispossiblethattheideaofteenagerebellionisno!rootedinrealfacts，”可知，作者認為青少年反叛的觀念并不一定來源于事實，所以青少年反叛的觀點不一定正確。10、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A、Negotiationinfamily，B、Educationinfamily，C、Harmonyinfamily，D、Teenagetroubleinfamily，標準答案：C知識點解析：本文主要講述了家庭和睦的問題，比較了這一代父母以及上一代父母對待青少年的態(tài)度，結(jié)論是現(xiàn)在的家庭比以往更加和睦。Thelargeramachineandthemorenumerousitsparts，thegreaterlikelihoodofabreakdownandthemoreexpensivetorepair，Whathasbeensaidaboutmarketforcesandmanagementwasnecessarilyoversimplified，Theeconomiesofmodernindustrialnationsarelargeandverycomplex，Tobesure，thereismanagement，andtherearemarketforcesatwork，buttherearealsomanyotherfactorsthathelporhindereconomicfunction，Inmodemindustrialsocietiesgovernmentsplayalargerole，Thereisagreatamountofregulation，mostofitmeantfortheprotectionofthepublic，Allregulationsaffectthewaybusinessesoperate，oftenincreasingtheircostsandreducingtheirprofits，Lowerprofits，inturn，reducetheamountofmoneywhichisknownasworkingcapitalthatacompanycanuseforexpansion，Autoemissionstandards，forinstance，havehadasignificantimpactonthemanufactureandpricingofautomobiles，Othergovernmentpoliciessuchastaxation，budgetdeficits，andregulationofthemoneysupplyhaveaneffectonhowmuchmoneyisavailableforpeopletospendongoodsandservices，Internationalcrisesandotherconditionsalsoaffecttheworkingofaneconomy，AseverefrostinBrazilcanruinacoffeecropandraisethepriceofthatcommodity，Warcancutoffthesupplyofsuchresourcesaspetroleum，chromium，orcopper，IntheUnitedStatesenvironmentalprotestshaveslowedthedevelopmentofnuclearenergycapacityandtheminingofvasttractsofprotectedland，Weatheraffectsagriculture，ahot，drysummer；andamagethewheatcrop；floodscandestroythousandsofacresofcropssuddenly；andinsectpestscandevastatecroplandwitharapidonslaught，People’sattitudesalsohaveanimpactonthemarketingofgoods，Health-consciousindividuals，forexample，maystopsmoking，curtailtheirintakeofalcohol，andeatlessofcertainkindoffood，Advertisingaffectswhatpeoplebuy，anditcancreateamarketwherenoneexisted，Styleandfashionaresignificantformanyconsumers，Thereareothereconomicproblemsthataremoredifficulttounderstand，F(xiàn)orcenturieseconomieshavebeensubjecttoperiodsofprosperityfollowedbyperiodsofdecline，Althoughperiodssperitycanbeexplainedrathereasily，thereasonsforpanics，recessions，anddepressionsareofacomplexnature，SomanyfactorscontributedtotheGreatDepressionofthe1930s，forexample，thatnoeconomisthaseverbeenabletoaccountforallofthem，Becausethecausesofdeclineareuncertain，theremediesareequallyuncertain，inthelate20thcenturyallindustrializedsocietiesthroughtheirgovernmentshavetriedtostabilizeeconomies，keepthemprosperous，andreduceunemployment，Noneoftheremedieshasworkedtotheextentthatwashoped，Howeconomiesworkandwhatremediescanbefoundtokeepthemoperatingefficientlyarethetasksofeconomists，whomustworktogetherwithbusinessmenandpoliticians，11、Thechiefpurposeofthepassageis________A、toreviewthefactorsthataffecteconomicoperationB、toexplorethecausesofperiodiceconomicdeclineC、todiscusstherolegovernmentplayinmodernindustrializedsocietiesD、toproposeremediesforcorrectingeconomicrecessions標準答案：A知識點解析：主旨題。從文章第一段的最后一句以及余下各段的主題句可知，A項正確。12、The“machine’’inthefirstsentenceofParagraphliscomparablehereto________A、thepoliticalsystemofanationB、theeconomyofanationC、themarketforceD、thegovernmentofanation標準答案：B知識點解析：詞匯題。文章第一段第一句話是一個比喻，用以引出話題。根據(jù)本文的主題，這句話實際上是說經(jīng)濟體系越復(fù)雜就越難以操縱，第一段最后一句就說明了“machine”的含義。故B項正確。13、Theexampleofautoemissionstandardsishereusedtomakeitclearthat________A、itisharmfulforagovernmenttointerferewitheconomicmattersB、statepoliciestendtolowerprofitsanddiscourageinvestmentC、regulationmayaffectbusinessoperationbyincreasingthecostD、mostregulationsarenotmeantfortheprotectionofthepublic標準答案：C知識點解析：結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章第二段例子前面的觀點：在現(xiàn)代工業(yè)社會，政府起著很大作用，有很多規(guī)范存在，多數(shù)規(guī)范旨在保護公眾的利益。但是所有規(guī)范都影響企業(yè)的經(jīng)營，經(jīng)常起到增加其成本、降低其利潤的作用，這又減少了企業(yè)的流動資金，阻礙了企業(yè)的進一步發(fā)展。故C項正確。14、Whyisitdifficulttoexplaintheonsetofeconomicdecline?A、Becausenoeconomistknowseverything，B、Becauseitalwaysfollowsaperiodofprosperity，C、Becausetherearetoomanyreasonsbehindit，D、Becauseitishardtopredictwhenitwillbecoming，標準答案：C知識點解析：細節(jié)判斷題。第五段第二、二句指出，幾百年來，經(jīng)濟起落不定，雖然可以相當(dāng)容易地解釋繁榮階段的來臨，但對于經(jīng)濟恐慌、衰退和蕭條的解釋卻是個復(fù)雜的問題。例如導(dǎo)致20世紀30年代大蕭條的因素是如此之多，以至于哪位經(jīng)濟學(xué)家都不能解釋所有因素。最后一段第一句又指出，因為衰退的原因難以確定，應(yīng)對策略也同樣難以制定，因此，C項符合題意。15、Theauthorbelievesthattofindefficientwaysofkeepingeconomygoing，economistshaveto________A、findtheexactcausesforeconomicdeclineB、findwaystofightunemploymentC、workoutallthefactorsthatleadtoeconomicprosperityD、cooperatewithbusinessmenandpoliticians標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)題。全文最后一句指出。經(jīng)濟如何運轉(zhuǎn)，用什么樣的補救方法可以保持其有效運轉(zhuǎn)這是經(jīng)濟學(xué)家的工作，但他們必須同商人和政治家一起工作(來解決問題)。故D項正確。Signhasbecomeascientifichotbutton，Onlyinthepast20yearshavespecialistsinlanguagestudyrealizedthatsignedlanguagesareunique-aspeechofthehand，Theyofferanewwaytoprobehowthebraingeneratesandunderstandslanguage，andthrownewlightonanoutscientificcontroversy：Whetherlanguage，completewithgrammar，issomethingthatwearebornwith，orwhetheritisalearnedbehavior，ThecurrentinterestinsignlanguagehasrootsinthepioneeringworkofonerebelteacheratGallaudetUniversityinWashington，dc，theworld’sonlyliberalartsuniversityfordeafpeople，WhenBillStokoewenttoGallaudettoteachEnglish，theschoolenrolledhiminacourseinsigning，ButStokoenoticedsomethingodd：Amongthemselves，studentssigneddifferentlyfromhisclassroomteacher，Stokoehadbeentaughtasortofgesturalcode，eachmovementofthehandsrepresenting，worldillEnglish，Atthetime，AmericanSignLanguage(ASL)wasthoughttobenomorethanaformorpidginEnglish(混雜英語)，ButStokoebelievedthe“handtalk”hisstudentsusedlooked，Hewondered：Mightdeafpeopleactually：Haveagenuinelanguage?AndcouldthatlanguagebeunlikeanyotheronEarth?Itwas1955，whenevendeafpeopledismissedtheirsigningas“substandard”，Stokoe’sideawasacademicheresy(異端邪說)，Itis37yearslater，Stokoe—nowdevotinghistimetowritingandeditingbooksandjournalandtoproducingvideomaterialsonASLandthedeafculture-ishavinglunchatacafeuealtheGallaudetcampusandexplaininghowhestartedarevolution，F(xiàn)ordecadeseducatorsfoughthisideathatsignedlanguagesarenaturallanguageslikeEnglish，F(xiàn)renchandJapanese，Theyassumedlanguagemustbebasedonspeech，themodulation(調(diào)節(jié))ofsound，Butsignlanguageisbasedonthemovementofhands，themodulationofspace，“WhatIsaid，”Stokoeexplains，“isthatlanguageisnotmouthstuff—it’sbrainstum”16、Thestudyofsignlanguageisthoughttobe________,A、anewwaytolookatthelearningoflanguageB、achallengetotraditionalviewsonthenatureoflanguageC、anapproachtosimplifyingthegrammaticalstructureofalanguageD、anattempttoclarifymisunderstandingabouttheoriginoflanguage標準答案：B知識點解析：細節(jié)理解題。第一段的第三句話“Theyofferanewwaytoprobehowthebraingeneratesandunderstandslanguage，andthrownewlightonanoldscientific：controversy：Whetherlanguage，completewithgrammar，issomethingthatwearebornwith．0rwhetheritisalearnedbehavior+”句意：手語提供了一種新方式來探索大腦生成和理解語言的方式，同時也為一個古老的問題提供了新的思維，這個古老的問題是“語言是與生俱來的還是后天習(xí)得的”。故本題選B。17、Thepresentgrowinginterestinsignlanguagewasstimulatedby________A、afamousscholarinthestudyofthehumanbrainB、aleadingspecialistinthestudyofliberalartsC、anEnglishteacherinauniversityforthedeafD、someseniorexpertsinAmericanSignLanguage標準答案：C知識點解析：細節(jié)理解題。第一段的最后一句話“Thecurrentinterestinsignlanguagehasrootsinthepioneeringworkofonerebelteacher…”這里的hasrootsin是指“根源于”，和題目里的stimulated意思相近?？梢钥吹竭@位先驅(qū)者是一位教師(onerebelteacher)，其所在的學(xué)校是專門教育聾人的文科大學(xué)(liberaltaxisuniversityfordeafpeople)。這位老師是教授什么科目的呢?下一段開頭給出了答案“whenBillStokoewenttoGallaudettoteachEnglish”，科目是英語。故C項正確。18、AccordingtoStokoe，signlanguageis________A、asubstandardlanguageB、agenuinelanguageC、anartificiallanguageD、aninternationallanguage標準答案：B知識點解析：推理判斷題。由第三段中的“Hewondered：Mightdeafpeople-actually；Haveagenuinelanguage?”這里雖然使用了疑問句的形式，但根據(jù)該段最后一句話“Stokoe’sideawasacademic-heresy”可知，這句話實際上是stokoe的觀點所在。如果Stokoe沒有形成“手語是一種真正的語言”的觀點，文章又為何會說他的思想被視為異端邪說呢?故B項說法正確。19、MosteducatorsobjectedtoStokoe’sideabecausetheythought________A、signlanguagewasnotextensivelyusedevenbydeafpeopleB、signlanguagewastooartificialtobewidelyacceptedC、alanguageshouldbeeasytouseandunderstandD、alanguagecouldonlyexistintheformofspeechsounds標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)理解題。最后一段中間部分“FordecadeseducatorsfoughthisideathatsignedlanguagesarenaturallanguageslikeEnglish，F(xiàn)renchandJapanese，Theyassumedlanguage：mustbebased0nspeech．themodulationofsound，”第一句意思是教育家們反對手語和英語、法語、日語一樣屬于自然語言，第二句指明了教育家們自己的觀點：語言必須基于語言。bebasedon是“以……為基礎(chǔ)”的意思，與D項的onlyexist意義相同，故D項正確。20、Stokoe’sargumentisbasedonhisbeliefthat________A、signlanguageisasefficientasanyotherlanguageB、signlanguageisderivedfromnaturallanguageC、languageisasystemofmeaningfulcodesD、languageisaproductofthebrain標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)理解題?！癇utsignlanguageisbasedonthemovementofhands，themodulationofspace”這一句表達的意思和前面教育家們的觀點恰好相反，應(yīng)該就是Stokoe的論點。那么他的這一論點基于何處，答案也應(yīng)該在最后一段尋找。后文引用了Stokoe的原話。提到“l(fā)anguageisnotmouthstuff-it’sbrainstuff，”大體意思是語言不是嘴上的東西，而是腦子的東西，極有可能就是答案所在。觀察四個選項，D項的說法和it’sbrainstuff意義基本一致，可以判斷D項正確。再觀察其他三個選項，在文章關(guān)于Stokoe的敘述中都沒有提到過，可以排除。二、完形填空(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Despiteyourbestintentionsandefforts，itis【C1】________：Atsomepointinyourlife，youwillbewrong，【C2】________canbehardtodigest，SOsometimeswedoubledownratherthan【C3】________them，Ourconfirmationbiaskicksin，causingUSto【C4】________outevidencetoprovewhatwealreadybelieve，Thecaryou【C5】________offhasasmalldentinitsbumper，【C6】________obviouslymeansthatitistheotherdriver’sfault，Psychologistscallthiscognitivedissonance—thestressweexperiencewhenweholdtwo【C7】________beliefs，opinionsorattitudes，F(xiàn)orexample，youmightbelieveyouareakindand【C8】________person，SOwhenyourudelycutsomeoneoff,youexperience【C9】________，To【C10】________withit，youdenyyourmistakeandinsisttheotherdriverhave【C11】________seenyou，oryouhadtherightofwayevenifyoudidn’t，Whenweapologizeforbeingwrong，wehavetoacceptthisdissonance，andthatis【C12】________，Ontheotherhand，researchhasshownthatitcanfeelgoodtostick【C13】________ourguns，Onestudyfoundthatpeoplewhorefusedtoapologizefeltmoreincontrolthanthosewhodidnotrefuse，F(xiàn)eeling【C14】________maybeanattractiveshort—termbenefit，【C15】________therearelong—termconsequences，Refusingtoapologizecouldpotentially【C16】________thetrustonwhicharelationshipisbased，Sohowexactlydoyouchangeyourbehaviorandlearnto【C17】________yourmistakes?Thefirststepistolearntorecognizeyourusualjustificationand【C18】________，Mr，Okimotosaiditalsohelpedtorememberthatpeoplewereoftenmore【C19】________thanyoumightThink，ontheflipside，ifitisundeniablyclearthatyouareinthewrong，refusingtoapologize【C20】________lowseIf-confidence，21、【C1】A、realizableB、inevitableC、remarkableD、available標準答案：B知識點解析：形容詞辨析。本句意為“不管你的意愿如何強烈，又做出多大努力，這是——的：在生命的某個時候，你會犯錯”?？v觀四個選項，inevitable”不可避免的”符合題意；remarkable“卓越的；非凡的”、available“可獲得的”和realizable”可實現(xiàn)的”均不符合題意。22、【C2】A、MistakeB、FailureC、TroubleD、Loss標準答案：A知識點解析：名詞辨析+上下義語義。通過第一段旨句“……這是不可避免的：在生命的某個時候，你會犯錯”可知，空格處所需單詞應(yīng)與wrong表達意義相同?？v觀下文，全篇講述與“錯誤”相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，故A項Mistake符合題意。Failure“失敗”、Trouble“麻煩，煩惱”和Loss“損失”均不符合題意。23、【C3】A、saveB、faceC、conquerD、control標準答案：B知識點解析：動詞辨析+上下文語義。本句意為“錯誤難以消化，所以我們有時會孤注一擲，而非——它們”，本句中代詞them指代mistakes。face“面對”符合題意；save“挽救”，conquer“征服”均無法與mistakes搭配；control“控制”不符合題意。24、【C4】A、turnB、setC、putD、seek標準答案：D知識點解析：固定搭配。本句意為“這時候，我們在確認事物的認知上會有偏誤，導(dǎo)致我們證據(jù)來證明白己已有的信念”。根據(jù)句意可知，seekout“找出，尋求”符合要求。tumout“出席，參加；結(jié)果是setout“出發(fā)，開始”和putout“出版；熄滅”均不符合題意。25、【C5】A、giveB、takeC、cutD、turn標準答案：C知識點解析：動詞辨析+上下文語義。本句意為“被你——的車的保險杠上有一個小凹痕，這顯然意味著是那個司機的錯”?？v觀四個選項所構(gòu)成的短語中，cutoff“隔斷；切斷”符合題意，此處of意譯為“加塞”。giveoff“散發(fā)”、takeoff“起飛，離開”和turnoff“關(guān)閉”均不符合題意。26、【C6】A、whatB、whichC、thatD、where標準答案：B知識點解析：語法知識。本題考查非限制性定語從句。縱觀四個選項，只有which可做關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代前面整個句子，并在從句中做主語。本句中which指代“被你加塞擋在后面的車的保險杠上有一個小凹痕”這件事。what、that、where均不符合題意。27、【C7】A、contradictoryB、significantC、similarD、consistent標準答案：A知識點解析：形容詞辨析+上下文語義。本句意為“心理學(xué)家稱之為認知失調(diào)，即當(dāng)我們持有兩種——的信念、觀點或態(tài)度時所感受的壓力”。破折號后空格處所在的句子是對第二段首句內(nèi)容的解釋說明。通過“失調(diào)”一詞可知，consistent“一致的”，similar“相似的”均不符合題意。下文進一步闡述“認知失凋”的含義。通過范例可知，contradictory“相互對立的，矛盾的”更符合文意。significant“重要的，有意義的”與文章表述無關(guān)。28、【C8】A、sympatheticB、humbleC、braveD、fair標準答案：D知識點解析：形容詞辨析+上下文語義。本句意為“比如，你可能認為自己是個善良的、——的人，那么當(dāng)你粗暴地加塞到其他人前面時……”。通過連詞and可知，空格處所填詞應(yīng)與kind的感情色彩一致。四個選項均是描述人的品質(zhì)的形容詞，其中fail“公平的”可與“車輛加塞”這種不良行為構(gòu)成“失調(diào)”，符合題意：sympathetic“同情的”、humble“謙遜的”和brave“勇敢的”均不符合題意。29、【C9】A、regretB、dissonanceC、guiltyD、pain標準答案：B知識點解析：名詞辨析+上下文語義。聯(lián)系上文可知，空格處所在的句子進一步闡述“認知失調(diào)”的含義。所以，dissonance“失調(diào)，不和諧”符合文意。regret“遺憾”、guilty“內(nèi)疚”和pain“痛苦”均與題意不符。30、【C10】A、finishB、complyC、goD、cope標準答案：D知識點解析：動詞辨析。本句意為“為了——它，你會否認自己的錯誤，堅稱那個司機……”。其中代詞“它”指代前文“車輛加塞”這件事，縱觀四個選項，只有copewith“應(yīng)付，處理”符合題意。finishwith“完成”、complywith“服從，遵從”和gowith“相伴”均不符合題意。31、【C11】A、mustB、wouldC、shouldD、might標準答案：C知識點解析：語法知識+上下文語義。本句意為“為了——它，你會否認自己的錯誤，堅稱那個司機——看見你，或你有先行權(quán)，盡管事實并非如此”。shouldhavedone(本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實際沒做)符合題意，其暗含責(zé)備之意，以此來否認自己的錯誤，為自己辯解。mighthavedone(表示對發(fā)生過的事情的推測，意思是“可能已經(jīng)”或“也許已經(jīng)”)、musthavedone(表示對過去事情的肯定推測，譯成“一定做過某事”)和wouldhavedone(表示虛擬，對過去事情的假設(shè))均不符合題意。32、【C12】A、unpleasantB、unfriendlyC、unconsideredD、universal標準答案：A知識點解析：形容詞辨析。本句意為“當(dāng)我們?yōu)殄e誤道歉，就必須接受這種失調(diào)，那是——”。故unpleasant“令人不愉快的”符合題意。unfriendly“不友好的”、unconsidered“不值得考慮的”和universal“普遍的”均不符合題意。33、【C13】A、toB、onC、outD、at標準答案：A知識點解析：固定搭配。本題考查stick與相關(guān)介詞構(gòu)成的固定搭配。sticktoone’sguns“固執(zhí)己見，堅守立場”符合題意。stickon“繼續(xù)做……”、stickout“使突出，伸出”和stickat“堅持；躊躇”均無法與guns構(gòu)成固定搭配。34、【C14】A、positiveB、usefulC、wonderfulD、powerful標準答案：D知識點解析：形容詞辨析+上下文語義。本句意為“短期看，感覺——或許是一個對人有吸引力的好處”。通過上文“研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，相比于不拒絕道歉的人，犯錯后拒絕道歉的人會感覺自己更有掌控力”可知?？崭裉幩钤~應(yīng)是feltmoreincontrol的同義替換，故powerful“強有力的”符合題意。35、【C15】A、asB、andC、butD、therefore標準答案：C知識點解析：邏輯關(guān)系。本句意為“短期看，感覺——或許是一個對人有吸引力的好處，——它也會帶來長期的后果”。通過本句關(guān)鍵詞short-termbenefit和long-termconsequences可知，空格處所表達的邏輯關(guān)系為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故but符合文意。as表示“原因”、and表示“并列”和therefore表示“因果關(guān)系”均不符合題意。36、【C16】A、jeopardizeB、buildC、betrayD、maintain標準答案：A知識點解析：動詞辨析。本句意為“拒絕道歉可能會——建立在關(guān)系基礎(chǔ)上的信任”。通過上文“拒絕道歉會帶來長期的后果”可知，空格處所填詞應(yīng)具有“危及”的意思。故jeopardize“損害”符合題意。Build‘‘建立”和maintain“維持”不符合該句句意。betray“辜負，背叛”表述太過絕對。37、【C17】A、discardB、correctC、embraceD、avoid標準答案：C知識點解析：動詞辨析+上下文語義。本句意為“所以你到底該如何改變自己的行為，學(xué)會——自己的錯誤呢?”。通過上文可知，人們不可避免地犯錯時，往往會孤注一擲，拒絕承認自己的錯誤，而非面對它們。embraceyourmistakes在此處意為“接受錯誤”，符合題意。discard“丟棄”、correct“改正”和avoid“避免”均不符合題意。38、【C18】A、negotiationB、motivationC、rationalizationD、association標準答案：C知識點解析：名詞辨析。通過并列連詞and可知，空格處所填的單詞在語義上應(yīng)與iustifications“理由；辯護”相似?？v觀四個選項，rationalization“合理化”符合題意；negotiation“談判”、motivation“動機”和assoriation“聯(lián)想”均不符合題意。39、【C19】A、creativeB、modestC、forgivingD、warmhearted標準答案：C知識點解析：形容詞辨析+上下文語義，本句意為“記住人們往往比你以為的更——可能有所幫助”。通過上文可知，本篇文章主要闡述人們會犯錯，但往往不能正確面對自己所犯的錯誤，心理學(xué)家稱這種現(xiàn)象為“認知失調(diào)”。縱觀四個選項，forgiving“寬恕的”符合題意；creative“有創(chuàng)造力的”、modest“謙遜的”和warmhearted“熱心腸的”均不符合題意。40、【C20】A、revealsB、forgesC、transfersD、explains標準答案：A知識點解析：動詞辨析。本句意為“另一方面，如果你毫無疑問是過錯方，那么拒絕道歉反而會——你不夠自信”。根據(jù)句意可知，reveal“顯示；揭露”符合題意；forge“偽造”、transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移”和explain“解釋，說明”均不符合題意。三、選詞填空(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)41、Ahotelshuttlewillbeavailable，butyouarealsowelcometoarrangeforyour________transportationtotheconference，A、directlyB、besidesC、ownD、any標準答案：C知識點解析：考查詞義辨析。句意：我們將提供酒店班車，但也歡迎您自行安排前往會議的交通工具。洲“自己的，本人的”，符合語境。directly“立即，馬上”；besides“除……之外(還)”；any“任何的，任一的”。故本題選C。42、Itiswidelyacceptedthatany________fromsocialnormsislikelytobesanctioned，A、discriminationB、indifferenceC、deviationD、device標準答案：C知識點解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：人們普遍認為，任何偏離社會規(guī)范的行為都可能受到懲罰。discrimination“歧視，區(qū)別”，后面常跟against；indifference“漠不關(guān)心”，后面常跟to；deviation“背離，偏離，越軌”，后面常跟from；device“裝置，策略”。根據(jù)句中的besanctioned(被懲罰)可知此處是指與社會規(guī)范相背離，結(jié)合單詞用法，只有C項符合。故本題選C。43、Thereport________wasreadwithinterestbybusinessmen，A、aboutthefiscalcrisisB、forthefiscalcrisisC、onthefiscalcrisisD、regardtothefiscalcrisis標準答案：C知識點解析：考查介詞辨析。句意：商人們饒有興趣地閱讀了那份關(guān)于財政危機的報告。介詞on與；about都有“關(guān)于”的意思，兩者的區(qū)別：about側(cè)重敘事，on側(cè)重論述；on表示專業(yè)的或內(nèi)容詳細的，指比較有系統(tǒng)地或理論性較強地論述某事，而about表示業(yè)余的或內(nèi)容簡單的，指泛泛地或非正式地談?wù)撃呈?。for“為了，至于，因為”；regard常用于asregard或with／inregardto，表示“關(guān)于”。此處是指關(guān)于財政危機的報告，且目標讀者是商人，所以應(yīng)該具有很強的專業(yè)性，C項符合句意。44、Thecompany’payequityanalysisensuresthatcompensationis________foremployeesinthesamejob，atthesamelevel，locationandperformance，A、fairB、justC、correctD、perfect標準答案：A知識點解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：公司的薪酬公平性分析確保了相同職位、相同級別、同一地區(qū)和同等表現(xiàn)的員工的薪酬是公平的。根據(jù)equity和整個語境可判斷空格處需填表示“公平”的單詞。fair和just都可表示“公正的，公平的，不偏不倚的”。fair為普通常用詞，指不偏不倚地對待人和物，側(cè)重不受個人感情、偏見或利益所影響，在情況、體制、待人方式、裁斷等方面公平合理；just多用于莊重場合，常指道義上或法律意義上的公平、公正和正義。根據(jù)句意可知這里是指薪酬公平，是指一般意義的公平公正，并非道義上或法律上的，fail-更符合語境。correct“正確的，恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?，perfect“完美的”。均不符合語境。故本題選A。45、It’stooriskytogrowsoybeans，andtheincomeisless________thangrowingcorn，Inotherwords，youdon’tlosemoneygrowingCOIll，Soybeanyieldsaretoolow，A、productiveB、commonC、rationalD、stable標準答案：D知識點解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：種植大豆風(fēng)險太高，收入也不如種植玉米穩(wěn)定。換句話說，你種植玉米不會虧本。大豆產(chǎn)量太低。productive“多產(chǎn)的，富有成效的”；common“共同的，普通的”；rational“合理的。理性的”；stable“穩(wěn)定的，牢固的”。根據(jù)語境可知，題干是在講述種植大豆的弊端，即風(fēng)險高，收入不——，產(chǎn)量低。四個選項中，能與income搭配且符合語境的只有D。故本題選D。46、Wenormally________exchangesforallpurchases，butwehavenomoreofthisdesigninstock，A、areofferingB、areofferedC、offerD、haveoffered標準答案：C知識點解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：通常情況下，我們對所有已售商品提供換貨服務(wù)，但是這種款式我們沒有存貨了。主語we和offer之間為主動關(guān)系，故排除B項；根據(jù)連接詞but可知這里為并列句，逗號前后兩個句子的謂語動詞時態(tài)應(yīng)是一致的，由have可判斷后一句的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，所以空格處的時態(tài)也應(yīng)是一般現(xiàn)在時。故本題選C。47、Thedecisionto________thecompanywasn’taneasyonetomake，buteveryoneagreedthattherewasnootheroptionbuttoceasetrading，A、displayB、disintegrateC、dissolveD、distribute標準答案：C知識點解析：考查動詞辨析。句意：解散公司并不是一個簡單的決定，但是每個人都認為除了停止交易外，沒有其他的選擇。display“顯示，展示”；disintegrate“瓦解，解體”；dissolve“解散(組織或機構(gòu))，終止(商業(yè)協(xié)議)”；distribute“分發(fā)，分配”。本題中，dissolvecompany意為“解散公司”，對應(yīng)后面的ceasetrading。故本題選C。48、Culturemaydomorethanmirrorhistory，________itscitizen’sthinkingandlanguage，A、eveninfluencingB、mayeveninfluenceC、itmayeveninfluenceD、thatitmayeveninfluence標準答案：A知識點解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：文化不僅能反映歷史，甚至還會影響人們的思維和語言。前半句成分完整，后半句要么是有連詞相連的主句，要么是非限定性定語從句，要么是非謂語動詞作狀語。B項有謂語動詞influence，但是與前半句之問缺少連詞，故排除；C項有主語it，也與前半句之間缺少連詞，故排除；D項是從句，但是分析題干可知，這個從句放在此處不合適，因為它既不是定語也不是賓語從句，而that不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，故排除。最后看A項，influence與其邏輯主語culture之間是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，空格及之后的成分作狀語。故本題選A。49、Thecompanysaysitwillnolongerdesignorlaunchartificialintelligence(AI)forweaponsorothertechnologieswhosemainpurposeistocause________to