《英語（二）》試題山東省2012年7月高等教育自學(xué)考試

山東省2012年7月高等教育自學(xué)考試《英語（二）》試題（課程代碼：00015考試時間：150分鐘）注意事項：答案必須寫在答題卡規(guī)定的區(qū)域內(nèi)，未按要求作答的答案無效。I.VocabularyandStructure(10points,1pointforeachitem)在每小題列出的四個備選項中只有一個是符合題目要求的，請將其選出并將答題卡的相應(yīng)代碼涂黑。錯涂、多涂或未涂均無分。1.Ifwe_____him,hewouldhavecome.A.invitedB.hadinvitedC.haveinvitedD.invite答案：B解析：考察虛擬語氣。與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)：主句If+主語+動詞過去式（be用were），從句主語+should/would/might/could+動詞原形；與過去事實相反的假設(shè)：主句If+主語+had+過去分詞，從句主語+should/would/might/could+havedone；與將來相反地假設(shè)：主句If+主語+動詞過去式/If+主語+wereto+動詞原形/If+主語+should+動詞原形，從句主語+should/would/might/could+動詞原形；本題屬于與過去相反的情況。2.Wouldyoumind______mefivedollars?A.toborrowB.borrowingC.tolendD.lending答案：D解析：固定句型wouldyouminddoingsth.；借錢給別人用lend，從別人那里借來用borrow。這里雖然說話人讓對方把錢借出，所以用lend。3.Manypoorpeoplewhocouldnot_______booksbeforecannowbuythem.A.offerB.chargeC.costD.afford答案：D解析：買得起用afford；offer提供；charge收費；cost花費。Myteacher______withmeseveralweeksbeforeIunderstoodthateverythinghasaname.A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.isD.was答案：B解析：before后面接動詞過去式understood，所以前面應(yīng)該用過去完成時hadbeen。______suchabeautifulsight.A.NeverhaveIseenB.NeverIhaveseenC.NothaveIseenD.NotIhaveseen答案：A解析：倒裝句型。倒裝句have要謂語主語前。NeverhaveIdonesth.。6.Thetripwascanceledthrough_________interest.A.lackofB.outofC.demandofD.endof答案：A解析：lackofsth.缺乏某物。7.Whenjudginghisperformance,don’ttakehisage_____account.A.inB.ofC.intoD.endof答案：C解析：固定搭配：takesth.Intoaccount/consideration把某事考慮在內(nèi)。Eventhebestofmen_____thatsimplerule.A.preservedB.passedC.ignoredD.tolerated答案：C解析：preserve保存；pass通過；ignore忽略；tolerate忍受。根據(jù)句意，即使是最厲害的人也會忽略那個簡單的規(guī)則，所以ignore最符合題意。9.You’vedonesomuchworkthatyou____passtheexam.A.mightB.aretoC.mayD.areboundto答案：D解析：固定搭配：beboundto應(yīng)做某事/理應(yīng)……；areto將要做某事；may與might都表示可能。10.Hemovedhisfamilytoawarmerstate_____hiswife’shealth.A.forthesakeofB.inhonorofC.insightofD.intermsof答案：A解析：forthesakeof為了……；inhonorof向……表示敬意；insightof看見……；intermsof從……方面，就……而言。句中表示因果關(guān)系，選forthesakeof。II.ClozeTest(10points.1pointforeachitem)下面短文中有十個空白，每個空白有四個選項。根據(jù)上下文要求選出最佳答案，并將答題卡的相應(yīng)代碼涂黑。Togettherightjob,learntomaketherightimpression.Firstimpressionareoften11ones.Thismeansthatifyou’reviewedpositivelywithinthefirstfour12minutes,thepersonyou’vemetwilllikely13everythingyoudoispositive.Withinonlytenseconds,thatpersonwillbegintomakejudgmentsaboutourprofessionalism,socialclass,moralsandintelligence.People14focusonwhattheysee,onwhattheyhear,andonour15words.Inaninfluentialstudyofcommunications,psychologistAlbertMehrabiandiscoveredthatsevenpercentof16messageaboutourfeelingsandattitudescomesfromthewordsweuse,38percentfromourvoice,anda1755percentfromourfacialexpressions.Infact,whenourfacialexpressionsortoneofvoiceconflict18ourwords,thelistenerwilltypicallyputmoreweightonthenonverbalmessage.Tomakeyourfirstencounterapositiveone,startwithafirmhandshake.Then,19youhaveachoiceofseats,selectachairbesidehisorherdesk,20opposedtooneacrossfromit.Avoidsitdirectlyinfrontofyourinterviewer.11.A.lastB.lastingC.thelastD.least答案：B解析：根據(jù)第一句“maketherightimpression”以及后文的如果第一印象是積極的，那么給人的感覺也是積極的可知，第一印象往往是持久的，選lasting。12.A.criticB.classicC.criticalD.classical答案：C解析：最初的4分鐘應(yīng)該是關(guān)鍵的選critical。critic批評家，classic優(yōu)秀的，classical古典的。13.A.argueB.assumeC.acceptD.suspect答案：B解析：根據(jù)后文的“everythingyoudoispositive”可知，前文應(yīng)該是對方推測你所做的一切都是積極的，選assume。argue辯論，accept接受，suspect猜測，懷疑。14.A.tendtoB.aretoC.areeagertoD.wantto答案：A解析：人們會去判斷我們的專業(yè)性、道德等信息用，tendto傾向于；areto將要；beeagerto渴望；wantto想要。15.A.currentB.finalC.exactD.actual答案：D解析：搭配actualwords用詞，實際用詞，詞匯。16.A.someB.eachC.anyD.all答案：C解析：我們傳遞的7%的任何信息和情感都來自于所使用的語言，用any。17.A.surprisedB.surprisingC.surpriseD.surprisingly答案：B解析：surprisingly令人驚訝地。在這里surprisingly修飾的不是后文的55%，而是該并列句中省略的comes，所以應(yīng)該用副詞。18.A.inB.ofC.atD.with答案：D解析：介詞搭配conflictwith。19.A.wheneverB.whoeverC.howeverD.whichever答案：A解析：任何有椅子的時候，做到對方旁邊，選擇whenever。20.A.asB.toC.forD.so答案：A解析：固定搭配asopposedto相反于。III.ReadingComprehension(30points,2pointsforeachitem)從下列每篇短文的問題后所給的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，并將答題卡的相應(yīng)代碼涂黑。PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thedogsled(狗拉雪橇)racewasabouttobegin.（21）Julie’steamofdogswaslinedupatthestartinggate.（23）Juliestoodbehindthem.Theairwassocoldthatshecouldseeherbreath.Otherteamswerelinedup,too,andthedogswereexcited.Juliekepthereyesontheclock.Atexactlyteno’clock,sheandtheotherracersyelled,“Mush!”Thedogsknewthatmeant“Go!”（23）Theyleftforwardandtheracebegan!Now,theyranoversnowyhillsanddownintofrozenvalleys.Theystoppedonlytorestandeat.Theywantedtostayaheadoftheotherteams.TheracershadtogoathousandmilesacrossAlaska.（22）AlaskaisoneofthecoldestplacesonEarth.Thedogs’thickfurcoatshelpedkeepthemwarminthecoldwindandweather.（24）Inmanyplacesalongtheroute,thesnowwasdeep.Piecesoficewereassharpasknives.Theicecouldcutthedogs’feet.Tokeepthatfromhappening,Juliehadputspecialbootsontheirfeet.（25）Atfirst,thedogsseemedtopullthesled(雪橇)veryslowly.Theywerestillgettingusedtotherace.Butonthethirddayout,（25）theybegantopullmorequickly.Theyworkedasateamandpassedmanyoftheotherracers.Once,oneofthesled’srunners(滑板)slidintoaholeandbroke.Juliecouldhavegivenupthen,butshedidn’t.Shefixeditandtheykeptgoing.（25）Whentheyfinallyreachedthefinishline,theyfoundoutthattheyhadcomeinfirstplace!（25）ItwasagreatdayforJulieandherdogs.21.Theauthorof“Julie’sRace”wantstotellthereaderabout______.A.funofdogkeepingB.adogsledraceC.thecoldwinterD.thebeautifulscenery答案：B解析：根據(jù)第一段第一句“Thedogsled(狗拉雪橇)racewasabouttobegin.”以及后文反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的“race”可知B正確。22.Thedogsledracetookplace_______.A.inAntarcticaB.inAlaskaC.onagrasslandD.onaplayground答案：B解析：根據(jù)第二段第三句“TheracershadtogoathousandmilesacrossAlaska.”可知該比賽在阿拉斯加舉行。23.Whathadhappenedbeforethedogsbeganrunning?A.TherunneronJulie’ssledbroke.B.Thedogspulledthesledslowly.C.Theracersandthedogslinedupatthestartinggate.D.Thedogspulledthesledoverhillsandintovalleys.答案：C解析：第一段第二句“Julie’steamofdogswaslinedupatthestartinggate.”以及倒數(shù)第二、三句“Atexactlyteno’clock,sheandtheotherracersyelled,“Mush!”Thedogsknewthatmeant“Go!””可知C正確。24.Whydidn’tthedogsfreezeinthecoldweather?A.Becausethedogswerealwaysrunning.B.Becausetheyworespecialboots.C.Becausetheyhadthickfurcoats.D.Becausetheysleptbythefireatnight.答案：C解析：第二段第五句“Thedogs’thickfurcoatshelpedkeepthemwarminthecoldwindandweather.”關(guān)鍵詞“dogs’thickfur……keepthemwarm”所以C正確。25.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisUNTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Juliehadputspecialbootsonthedogs’feet.B.Julieandherdogswontheracefinally.C.Ittookseveraldaystofinishtherace.D.Juliegaveupherbrokensledrunner.答案：D解析：第二段最后一句“Juliehadputspecialbootsontheirfeet.”所以A表述正確；最后一段第一句“Whentheyfinallyreachedthefinishline,theyfoundoutthattheyhadcomeinfirstplace!”關(guān)鍵詞“comeinfirstplace”所以B正確；倒數(shù)第二段第二句“Butonthethirddayout,”C正確；倒數(shù)第二段末尾“Once,oneofthesled’srunners(滑板)slidintoaholeandbroke.Juliecouldhavegivenupthen,butshedidn’t.Shefixeditandtheykeptgoing.”可知她沒有放棄壞的滑板，而是修好了它。PassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Everybodytalksabouttheweather,butnobodydoesanythingaboutit.（26）Itistrue.Peopleusuallybegintheirtalkswith“Isn’titaniceday?”“Doyouthinkitwillrain?”“Whatafineday!”etc.（27）Manypeoplethinktheycantellwhattheweatherisgoingtobelike.Buttheyhardlyagreewitheachother.（30）Onemanmaysay,“Doyouseehowcloudyitisintheeast”It’sgoingtoraintomorrow.”Anothermanwillsay,“No,it’sgoingtobefinetomorrow.”Peopleoftenlookfortheweathertheywant.（28）Whenafarmerneedswater,helooksforsomethingtotellhimit’sgoingtorain,hewon’tbelieveanythingelse.Whenfriendshaveatravel,theyaresuretheweatherisgoingtoclearupveryquickly.Almosteveryonelistenstowhattheweathermansays.（29）Buthedoesn’talwaystelluswhatwewant,andonceinawhilehemakesamistake.Still,heprobablycomesclosertobeingcorrectthananyoneelse.26.“Nobodydoesanythingabouttheweather”means________.A.nobodycanchangeweatherB.nobodycanmakeweatherC.nobodylikesweatherD.nobodycantalkaboutweather答案：A解析：出現(xiàn)在第一段第一句“Everybodytalksabouttheweather,butnobodydoesanythingaboutit.”人們只談?wù)撎鞖猓瑓s無法左右天氣。所以答案為A。27.______isacommonwaytostartatalk.A.SmileB.KeepingsilentC.TalkingaboutweatherD.Askingeachother’snames答案：C解析：根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Peopleusuallybegintheirtalkswith“Isn’titaniceday?”“Doyouthinkitwillrain?”“Whatafineday!”etc.”可知人們通常從天氣開始對話。關(guān)鍵詞“begintheirtalkswith……”。28.Manypeoplehopetheweatherwillbe______.A.cloudyB.rainyC.fineD.likewhattheyliketobe答案：D解析：根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句“Peopleoftenlookfortheweathertheywant.”人們希望天氣按照自己的需要改變。關(guān)鍵詞“theywant”29.Aweathermanprobablyisamanwho______.A.canseeweatherB.reportsweatherC.issureofweatherD.canchangeweather答案：B解析：最后一段第一句“Almosteveryonelistenstowhattheweathermansays.”每個人都會聽“weatherman”報告天氣，所以“weatherman”是天氣預(yù)報員。30.Whenitiscloudyintheeast,youknowthat_____tomorrow.A.itsillbestillcloudyB.itisgoingtorainC.itwillbefineD.AorBorC答案：D解析：第二段第一、二句“Manypeoplethinktheycantellwhattheweatherisgoingtobelike.Buttheyhardlyagreewitheachother.”關(guān)鍵詞“hardlyagreewitheachother”所以人們對天氣會有自己的認識。PassageThreeQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.“Iwouldalmostratherseeyoudead,”RobertS.Cassatt,aleadingbanker(銀行家)ofPhiladelphia（費城），shoutedwhenhistwenty-year-oldeldestdaughterannouncedthatshewantedtobecomeanartist.（31）Inthe19thcentury,playingatdrawingorpaintingondisheswasallrightforayounglady,butseriousworkinartwasnot.Andwhentheyounglady’sfamilyrankedamongthebestofPhiladelphia’ssocialfamilies,suchanideacouldnotevenbeconsidered.ThatwashowMaryCassatt,born1844,beganherstruggleasanartist.Shedidnottremblebeforeherfather’sanger,instead,sheopposedhimwithcourageandatlastmadehimchangehismind.（34）MaryCassattgaveuphersocialpositionandallthoughtsofahusbandandafamily,

（32）whichinthosedayswasunthinkableforayounglady.(33)Intheend,afterlongyearsofhardworkandperseverance(堅持),shebecameAmerica’smostimportantwomanartistandtheinternationallyrecognizedleadingwomanpainterofthetime.（35）31.WhenMaryCassattannouncedthatshewantedtobecomeanartist,herfather____.A.reallywantedtokillherB.wasveryangrywithherC.becamealeadingbankerofPhiladelphiaD.likedplayingatdrawingorpaintingondishes答案：B解析：第一段第一句““Iwouldalmostratherseeyoudead,”RobertS.Cassatt,aleadingbanker(銀行家)ofPhiladelphia（費城），shoutedwhenhistwenty-year-oldeldestdaughterannouncedthatshewantedtobecomeanartist.”關(guān)鍵詞“ratherseeyoudead”可知女兒要做藝術(shù)家，父親怒發(fā)沖冠，選B。32.WhatdoweknowaboutMaryCassatt’smarriage?A.Aftermarriageshedecidedtogiveupherhusbandratherthanhercareer(事業(yè)).B.Hermarriagefailedbecauseshenevergaveathoughttoherhusbandandherfamily.C.Shenevermarriedbecauseshedidnotwanttobejustawifeandmother.D.Shedidnotmarrybecauseforaladyofhersocialposition,tomarrybelowherwasunthinkable.答案：C解析：最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“MaryCassattgaveuphersocialpositionandallthoughtsofahusbandandafamily,whichinthosedayswasunthinkableforayounglady.”可知她不愿意結(jié)婚，選C。33.WhatdoweknowaboutMaryCassatt’scharacter?A.Shehatedplayingatdrawingandpainting.B.Shedidnotmindbeingpooratall.C.Shegottiredofalwaysobeyingherfather.D.Shewasbraveingoingagainstoldideas.答案：D解析：細節(jié)推理題。最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“whichinthosedayswasunthinkableforayounglady.”她的行為在當時被認為是不可思議的，可見她有與舊觀念斗爭的新思維。34.WhowasthewinneratlastinthestrugglebetweenMaryCassattandherfather?A.MaryCassattB.Mary’sfatherC.NeitherofthemD.Bothofthem答案：A解析：第二段第二句“Shedidnottremblebeforeherfather’sanger,instead,sheopposedhimwithcourageandatlastmadehimchangehismind.”關(guān)鍵詞“tlastmadehimchangehismind”她讓父親改觀，所以是MaryCassatt取得了勝利。35.Fromthetextwelearnthat________.A.itisusuallytoopposeyourparentsB.hardworkandperseveranceoftenleadstosuccessC.aleadingpaintermustbeinternationallyrecognizedD.socialpositionisthemostimportantforus答案：B解析：文章最后一句“Intheend,afterlongyearsofhardworkandperseverance(堅持),shebecameAmerica’smostimportantwomanartistandtheinternationallyrecognizedleadingwomanpainterofthetime.”關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)ongyearsofhardworkandperseverance”所以長期的努力和堅持有助于獲得成功。IV.WordSpelling(10points,1pointsfortwoitems)請將下列漢語單詞譯成英語。每個單詞的詞類、首字母及字母數(shù)目均已給出，請將完整的單詞寫在答題卡上。36.投資v.i_____37.環(huán)境，背景n.e______38.發(fā)生v.o____39.面試，會談n.i________40.解釋—是對的，提供充分的理由v.j______41.申請，應(yīng)用v.a____42.特征，特色n.f______43.堅持v.p______44.種類，范疇n.c_______45.先前的，以前的a.p_______46.記錄，記載n.r_____47.突然增加，突然繁榮n.v.b___48.角色，作用n.r___49.創(chuàng)造n.c_______50.假期n.v_______51.獎，獎品n.a____52.邊疆，邊境n.f_______53.寬度n.b______54.評論，談?wù)搗.r_____55.每天的a.d____36.invest37.context38.occur39.interview40.justify41.apply42.feature43.persist44.category45.previous46.record47.boom48.role49.creation50.vacation51.award52.frontier53.breadth54.remark55.dailyVWordForm(10points,1pointforeachitem.請根據(jù)下列各句的意思，將括號中各詞變?yōu)檫m當?shù)男问教钊肟瞻?，并將答案寫在答題卡上。56.I’vehadsomedifficulties,buttheywerenothing_____(compare)toyours.答案：compared解析：這里用于比較的是“difficulties”，“difficulties”是被比較所以用動詞過去分詞形式。57.Itisgenerallythoughtthattravelingabroadcan______(rich)one’sknowledge.答案：enrich解析：從句中謂語不完整，can+動詞原形。Rich是形容詞，其動詞形式是enrich。58.Itwasso_____(child)ofhimtoleavejustbecausepeopledidn’tagreewithhim.答案：childish解析：缺表語，so修飾形容詞，child的形容詞形式是childish。59.Youarefortunatetohavesucha_____(reason)father.答案：reasonable解析：修飾名詞father用形容詞reasonable。60.Insomecultures,itis_______(custom)此處有缺失.答案：customary解析：修飾名詞用形容詞customary習(xí)俗的。61.Bigmenaren’t______(necessary)strong.答案：necessarily解析：主系表結(jié)構(gòu)完整，此處修飾形容詞strong用副詞necessarily。62.We’reall_______(concern)forhersafety.答案：concerned解析：固定搭配beconcernedfor為……擔心。63.Therewasan______()缺失.答案：abundance解析：64.Weattributedoursuccessto_____(be)intherightplaceattherighttime.答案：being解析：固定搭配attributesth.todoingsth.將……歸因于……。65.Theirknowledgeisagreataidandadvantageinconquering______(solve)problems.答案：unsolved解析：未解決的問題unsolvedproblems。VI.TranslationfromCHINESEINTOEnglish(15points,3pointsforeachitem)請將下列各句譯成英語并將答案寫在答題卡上。66.在你發(fā)怒之前，深吸一口氣，記住：怒火傷身。Beforeyouloseyourtemper,takeadeepbreathandrememberthis:angerhurts.67.按照法律，所有的孩子都接受全日制教育。Allchildren,bylaw,receivefull-timeeducation.68.我們非常感謝你在我們遇到麻煩時給我們的及時幫助。Wegreatlyappreciateyourtimelyhelpwhenwewereintrouble.69.這個法律鼓勵了各企業(yè)為婦女提供平等的機會。Thislawencouragesbusinessestoprovideequalopportunitiesforwomen.70.理解這一點有助于在每時每刻發(fā)現(xiàn)潛在的快樂。Understandingthiscanhelptofindpotentialhappinessineverymoment.VII.TranslationfromEnglishintoChinese(15points)請將下列短文譯成漢語并將答案寫在答題卡上。71.Itwasnotuntilthe4thcenturythatthechurchinRomebegantocelebrateChristmas.Midwinterfestivalshadalwaysbeencelebratedbymanypeople.Theapproachofthewintertime,asthedaysgrewshorterandcolderandthesunseemedtodisappearentirely,wasatimeoffear.Buttheshortestdayalsomeantthatwinterwasleavingandthataheadwerespring,thewarmthofthesunandthereturnofvegetationtothefields.直到公元4世紀，羅馬的教會才開始慶祝圣誕。一直以來，許多民族都在深冬歡慶節(jié)日。冬天來臨時，天變短了，變冷了，太陽好像有全部消失的危險，這是個讓人害怕的時節(jié)。但是，白天最短也意味著冬天即將離去，春天就要來了，溫暖的陽光、田野里植物返青也不遠了。