中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)代詞

九年級(jí)代詞概念：代替名詞的一種詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。人稱代詞1、人稱代詞主格與賓格：第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱用法單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格weyouShe,

he

,

itthey作主語(yǔ)，放句首或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前賓格meyouyou作賓語(yǔ)，放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或介詞之后作表語(yǔ)，放在be動(dòng)詞之后注意：一般情況下，多個(gè)人稱代詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)的順序是：注意：一般情況下，多個(gè)人稱代詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)的順序是：?jiǎn)螖?shù)是you，he和Ⅰ，復(fù)數(shù)是we，you和they。（第二、三、一人稱）（第一、二、三人稱）(2)承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，第一人稱代詞要放在其他人稱前。如:ItwasIandTonythatmadeherangry2、it的特殊用法：用法舉例(1)This

is

my

new

bike.

I

bought

it

last

weekend.(2)指動(dòng)物、嬰兒或不明身份、性別的人Listen！Someone

is

knocking

at

the

door.

Who

is

it?

(3)He

smokes

in

bed

and

I

don’t

like

it.(4)用來(lái)表示天氣，季節(jié)，時(shí)間或距離It’s

about

2

hours’

ride

from

here

to

his

hometown.(5)固定句型作形式主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It

is

+

adj.

+for/of

sb.

to

do

sth.It

is

said/believed/reported

that……

find/think/feel

it

+

adj.

+to

do

sth.…

make

it

+

adj.

+

to

do

sth.物主代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱一二三一二三形容詞性物主代詞your名詞性物主代詞yours釋義我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他（她、它們的）口訣：“有名則形，無(wú)名則名”1、形容詞性物主代詞：具有形容詞性的特征，用作定語(yǔ)，一般不單獨(dú)使用，后面要接名詞。Thisismymagazine.2、名詞性物主代詞：具有名詞的特征，在句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，后面不接名詞，常用來(lái)避免與前面已提及的名詞重復(fù)，名詞性物主代詞=“形容詞物主代詞+名詞”。Thesebooksaren'tours.Oursarenew.(ourbooks=ours)練習(xí)：()1.(2018廣東)BoxingDay,the26thofDecember,got_______namefromatimewhenmanyrichfamiliesgaveboxesofgiftstopoorpeoplewhohadtoworkatChristmas.

’s B.its ’s ()2.(2017廣東)Jessicausedtobeamanagerinapany,butshegaveupjobwhenshebecameamother.

A.she B.hers C.her ()3.(2011廣東)—Oh!Icameinahurryandforgottobringfood.—Itdoesn’tmatter.Youcanhave.

A.we C.our 反身代詞人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourself復(fù)數(shù)yourselves反身代詞的用法：用法舉例（1）作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作的承受者就是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，即主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人或同一些人Though

the

boy

is

only

3

,

he

can

dress

himself.We

enjoyed

ourselves

very

much

last（2）用于名詞或代詞之后或句末，作同位語(yǔ)，必須與被代指的人在人稱或數(shù)上保持一致，意為“親自”或“本人“I

did

it

myself.

=

I

myself

did

it.（3）作介詞賓語(yǔ)They

can

take

care

of

themselves.反身代詞搭配：①____________________獨(dú)自地,單獨(dú)地eg：_________________________________________我自己干不了這樣一件事。②____________________

玩得開(kāi)心，過(guò)得快樂(lè)eg：_________________________________________我希望你在這里玩得開(kāi)心。③helponeself(tosth)

自便，自取

eg：Please

helpyourself!請(qǐng)隨便吃吧?、躷akecareofoneself照顧自己eg：Youmayfindithardtoaskfororaccepthelp.Afterall,youareusedtotakingcareofyourself.⑤_____________________自學(xué)=learnsth.byoneself⑥dressoneself自己穿衣服⑦loseoneself迷失方向，迷路⑧hurtoneself傷害自己疑問(wèn)代詞疑問(wèn)代詞用于特殊疑問(wèn)句中,一般都放在句首,并在句子中作為某一句子成分。疑問(wèn)代詞用法舉例指人who詢問(wèn)姓名、關(guān)系等，作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)（口語(yǔ)中可作賓語(yǔ)，但不能放于介詞后）who

wants

to

go

to

Beijing?whomwho的賓格，作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等，但不能作定語(yǔ)，可放于介詞后With

whom

are

you

going

to

Beijing?=Whom

are

you

going

with?whosewho的所有格形式，作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)Whose

book

is

this?指物what詢問(wèn)職業(yè)、地位，所指的事物無(wú)范圍限制，可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)等What

does

your

father

do?指人或物which意為“哪一個(gè)”，所指的對(duì)象范圍明確Which

of

the

hats

would

you

like?指示代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)用法例句thisthese(1)指近處的人或物This

is

my

backpack.(2)指下文要提到的事Please

remember

this:

nothing

is

difficult

if

you

put

your

heart

in

it.thatthose(1)指遠(yuǎn)處的人或物Those

are

my

classmates.(2)指前面剛剛提過(guò)的事My

father

is

ill

at

home.

That’s

why

I

have

to

go

right

now.(3)為了避免重復(fù)提到的名詞，常用that或those代替The

students

in

Class

6

are

more

outgoing

than

those

in

Class

7.注：打時(shí)用this介紹自己，用that詢問(wèn)對(duì)方This

is

Mary

speaking.

Who’s

that?區(qū)別it、one、that：ItThebookismine.It’sveryinteresting.OneWhohasapen?Ihaveone.thatTheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.練習(xí)：()1.(2016廣東)—I’malittlehungry,Daddy.—Seethecupcakesontheplate,butyoucanonlytake______.Dinnerisreadysoon.

A.it C.this ()2.(2014廣東)—’s?

—Hello,thisisMartin. C.that 不定代詞1、定義：沒(méi)有指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫作不定代詞。(無(wú)主格賓格之分)不定代詞基本用法all,

each,

both,

either,

neither,

one,

little,

few,

many,

much,

other(s),

another,

the

other

,

some,

any作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)（名詞性、形容詞性）everyone,

everybody,

everything,

someone,

somebody,

something,

anyone,

anybody,

anything,

no

one,

nobody,

nothing作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)（形容詞性），后面可以接else，而且可用所有格（’s）形式none作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)every,

no作定語(yǔ)2、復(fù)合不定代詞both兩者都neither兩者都不either兩者中的任意一個(gè)all三者或三者以上都allof+名詞none三者或三者以上都不noneof+名詞somebody/someoneanybody/anyoneeverybody/everyonenobody/noone一些人任何人所有人沒(méi)有人否定句或疑問(wèn)句中用any；肯定句中用some，以Would/Could/Canyou…或Can/MayI…引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句,希望得到肯定的回答，也可用some；____________________________________________________________________________________________________（5）后跟todosth.；（6）后面不接of；somethinganythingeverythingnothing一些事任何事所有事沒(méi)有事somewhereanywhereeverywherenowhere一些地方任何地方所有地方到處都無(wú)辨析：①辨析few與little.修飾______________口訣：有a肯，無(wú)a否口訣：有a肯，無(wú)a否表肯定意義afew有些alittle一點(diǎn)兒表否定意義few幾乎沒(méi)有l(wèi)ittle幾乎沒(méi)有②辨析some與any:someany（1）多用于肯定句，表示“一些，幾個(gè)”，都可和可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用（2）可用于疑問(wèn)句，表委婉，希望得到肯定回答，一般以could/can/would/will等開(kāi)頭（1）any多用于疑問(wèn)句、條件句和否定句，表示“一些；都可和可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用（2）可用于肯定句及條件句，表示“任何一個(gè)”。＊注意：在表示請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)或說(shuō)話人希望得到肯定回答時(shí)，通常要用some.Eg:Willyoulendmesomemoney?可以借些錢給我嗎?③區(qū)別other，another，others，theothers，theothers.Other另外的只作定語(yǔ)，常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用；other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)Theother兩者之中另一個(gè)one……theother……或theother+名詞Others另一些泛指別的人或物（但不是全部）Theothers其余的特指其余的所有的人或物Another另一個(gè)指三者或三者以上的任何一個(gè)，或another+單數(shù)名詞例題：①HowmanyapplescanIhave?—Youcanhavetwo._______________areforyou.②Catherinehastwocousins.Oneisquiet,and_____________isnoisy.③Ifyouwantaticketforaroundtrip,youwillhavetopay____________$80.Idon'tlikethisone,pleaseshowme___________.④TherearelotsofpeopleintheparkonSunday,somearewalking,and_______areclimbingthehills.otherstheothers這兩個(gè)以s結(jié)尾后面不要加名詞otherstheothers這兩個(gè)以s結(jié)尾后面不要加名詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)：①another+數(shù)詞+時(shí)間=數(shù)詞+more+時(shí)間eg:tenmoreminutes②theothers=theother+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)③others=other+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.——Doyouhaveacar?——Yes,Ihave.ButIknowaboutit.A.one;nothingB.it;everythingC.another;something2.Whichofthetwosubjectsdoyoulike,PEormusic?—theyarereallyinteresting.A.NeitherB.Both3.youngpeopleliketoplayputergamesontheInternetandliketodoonlineshoppping.A.One;othersB.Some;othersC.Some;theother4.—Youlooksohappy!—That'sbecauseanoldfriendofising.A.IB.my5.Ourteacheroftentellushowtoteach.二、語(yǔ)篇填空WhenIdrove1.(my)toofficeyesterday，Imetatrafficjam.As2.__(me)lookedoutofmywindow，ahandsomeyoungmanwaswalkingonthestreet.Hewaswalkingtowardsthebridge.Thereweresomehomelessmenwith3._(they)cupsaroundthere.Theyoungmanwentto4.______ofthem.Hebroughtoutsomemoneyfrom5.________(he)pocket，saidsomewordstohimandputthemoneyintohiscup.Hecontinuedtowalkandthensaw6._________homelessman.Hestoppedforaminute，saidafewwordsandthengavethemanacandy.Andthen7._____(him)sawthenexthomelessman.Hewasshiveringbecauseofcoldness.Theyoungmannowstoppedforasecondandgavehisscarfto8.______(he).Hethensaidgoodbyetohimwithabigsmileandwentawayinthesnow.Atthatmoment,Iwasintears.Igave9.youngman10.(I)bestwisheswithloveandblessings.三、語(yǔ)法選擇A__1__ingintosuchadirtyplaceand，thepoormanwaslonelyandsadeveryday.Hethoughthe__2__beehappybecauseofpoverty（貧窮）.Oneday,thepoormandroppedinon__3__wiseoldmanandaskedhimforsome__4__aboutchanginghislife.Theoldmangavehimavaseandsaid,"Thisisamagicvase.Itwillbringyou__5__."Thepoormanlookedatthevase__6__.Whywouldheneedavaseinhispoorhouse?However,hedidn'twanttothrowawaysuchabeautifulvase,sohebrought__7__homeandputitonthetable."It'snotrightforsomethingbeautifultobeempty,"thepooroldmanlookedatthevaseandthought.Thenheputsomeflowersintoit.Thatmadethevaseeven__8__."HowcanIhavethevasenexttoaspiderweb?"hecontinued.Atthis,hestarted__9__thehouseandpaintthewalls.Hishouseturned__10__afortableplaceatonce.Theoldmancheeredupandhesuddenlyrealizedwhyhewasunhappy.Fromthenon,heworkedhardandhislifegotbetterandbetter.()1.A.avoid B.haveavoided C.avoided D.willavoid()2.A.should B.shouldn't C.could D.couldn't()3.A.a B.an C.the D./()4.A.advices B.advice C.advise D.advises()5.A.happy B.happier C.happily D.happiness()6.A.surprise B.surprised C.surprisedly D.surprising()7.A.it B.its C.it's D.itself()8.A.beautiful B.morebeautifulC.mostbeautiful D.themostbeautiful()9.A.clean B.toclean C.cleaned D.tocleaning()10.A.in B.around C.on D.intoBTheinventionofthecameragoesfarintothepast.Inthe1500s，thecamerasatthattimeonlymadepictures.Buttheydidn'tfind__1__waytomakethepicturespermanent（耐久的)untiltheearly1800s.Eventhen，photographywasanewfield.Mostpeoplehadtheirfamilypictures__2__weretakenbyaphotographer.Peopledidnotowncameras__3__takingpicturesanddevelopingthefilm（沖洗膠卷）weretoodifficult.In1884,GeorgeEastman__4__akindoffilmsothatitfittedintoasmallcamera.Becausethenewfilmwascheap,manypeoplebegantobuycameras.Whentheyhadfinishedtheirfilm,peoplereturned__5__camerastothefactory.There,thefilmwasdeveloped,andpictures__6__.Takingpicturesisveryeasywiththehelp__7__Eastman'scamera.Today'scamerasareeven__8__touse,andpeoplecanputintheirownfilm.Photographyhasbeeagrowinghobby.There__9__alsomanynewjobsinthefieldofphotography.Oneofthemostimportantkindsofworkisinnewsreporting.Newspapers,magazines,andtelevision,allneedpictures__10__theirstories.Peoplefindnewusesforthecameraeveryday.()1.A./ B.the C.an ()2.A.what B.who C.which D.whose()3.A.but B.if C.because D.so()4.A.invents B.invented C.willinvent D.wasinventing()5.A.their B.theirs C.they D.them()6.A.printed B.areprinted C.wereprinted D.print()7.A.for B.in C.at D.of()8.A.easy B.theeasiest C.easier D.easily()9.A.are B.is C.have D.has()10.A.tell B.totell C.telling D.told二、閱讀下面一篇關(guān)于環(huán)保的短文。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，回答后面的問(wèn)題。Weneedtoberesponsibleforourenvironment.Beingafrugalconsumer（節(jié)儉的消費(fèi)者）isonewaytohelp.But，whatexactlydoesthatmean？UseItUpYoucanusethingsupinsteadofwastingthem.Squeeze（擠出）thatlastbitoftoothpasteoutofthetube.Useupthelastlittlepieceofsoap.Don'tthrowawayanybitsofthebiscuitatthebottomofthebox.WearItOutYoudonotalwaysneedtohavenewthings.Supposeyoursneakers（運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋）havebrokenlaces，buttheystillfityou.Repairthemandwearthemlonger.Youdon't