新人教版必修第一冊Unit4NaturalDisasters題型組合練課件

UNIT4

NATURALDISASTERSⅠⅡⅢⅣⅠ.閱讀理解AShawnTriplettknewtherewasadesperateneedtohelpthechildrenofMayfield,Kentucky,afteradeadlystormstruckthetown.MayfieldwasoneofthetownshardesthitafteralineofstormscrossedthecentralUSonFridaynightandSaturdaymorning.Triplett—aMayfieldresidentandaformersoldier—wasinChicagothatFridaynight.Alarmedbytheweatherreports,hiswifeandtwoyoungchildrenwenttostayinahotelofthenearbytown,Paducah,withoutsufferingthestormsandultimatelyoutofthepathofthetornadoes(龍卷風(fēng)).ⅠⅡⅢⅣAbletoreturnhomethenextmorning,Triplettwasshockedbyhowthetownwasdestroyedandwantedtohelphoweverhecould.Hearrivedatthevolunteercenter,wherehewasaskedtoguideaphoto-journalistthroughstreetsfilledwithremains.Thatnight,thetworeturnedtoshelterswheretheysawmanysufferedfamiliesincludingonewomancomfortinghersonovertheirlostChristmas.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ“Itwasveryheartbreaking,toomuchformetohandle,”hesaid.Therefore,hedecidedthatmoreneededtobedoneforthechildrenaffectedbythestorm.Noticingthatsuppliesavailablewereessentialssuchasgenerators(發(fā)電機(jī))andbottledwater,heturnedtohisfriendsonsocialmediafordonationssothathecouldgotoWalmartandpurchasetoysandgiftsforthekids.Around$2,000wereraised,andthestoregaveTriplettadiscountuponlearningofhisefforts.Aswordspreadonwebsites,moredonationspouredin.Hewasabletoreturnthefollowingdayandanother$6,000wasspentontoysandboardgames,hesaid.FortypairsofshoeswerealsopickedupatalocalShoeSensation.Triplettandothervolunteerswillwrapanddistributethetoysforanychildorfamilyinneed.Hecreditsthekindnessofeveryonewhotriedtohelpandgetfamiliesbackontheirfeetrightbeforetheholidays.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Triplett在暴風(fēng)雪后組織朋友對當(dāng)?shù)厥転?zāi)兒童進(jìn)行捐贈的故事。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ1.WhywereTriplettandhisfamiliessafefromthedisaster?A.Theywererescuedbysoldiers.B.Theydidn’tcomebacktoMayfield.C.Theywerehelpedbyanaidagency.D.TheyhappenedtobetravellinginChicago.√細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Triplett...without

suffering

the

storms

and

ultimately

out

of

the

path

of

the

tornadoes.”可知,作為當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦乃麄儏s安全的原因是災(zāi)難發(fā)生之際他們都沒有回到受災(zāi)區(qū)。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.WhatdidTriplettseeintheshelters?A.Avolunteercleaningthestreet.B.Aboycryingforhislostfamily.C.Aphoto-journalisttakingpictures.D.Amothercalmingherchilddown.√細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“That

night,the

two

returned

to

shelters

where

they

saw

many

suffered

families

including

one

woman

comforting

her

son

over

their

lost

Christmas.”可知,當(dāng)晚Triplett

回到避難所后看到了許多災(zāi)民,其中一位母親正在撫慰因無法慶祝圣誕而傷心的兒子,讓他鎮(zhèn)靜下來。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.WhatdoTriplett’sdonationsmainlycontain?A.First-aidkits.B.Emergencyfood.C.Essentialsupplies.D.Entertainmentitems.√細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Noticing

that

supplies

available

were

essentials

such

as

generators

and

bottled

water,...purchase

toys

and

gifts

for

the

kids.”以及“He

was

able

to

return

the

following

day

and

another

$6,000

was

spent

on

toys

and

board

games,he

said.”可知,Triplett給災(zāi)區(qū)兒童們的捐贈物主要是玩具、棋盤游戲等娛樂用品。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeTriplett?A.Generousandhard-working.B.Braveandenergetic.C.Sympatheticandwarm-hearted.D.Foresightedanddetermined.√推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Able

to

return

home

the

next

morning...to

help

however

he

could.”;“That

night...their

lost

Christmas.”以及最后一段的“He

credits...the

holidays.”可知,Triplett看到了避難所的景象并為之動容,從而決定組織捐贈?？梢酝茢喑?Triplett是一個富有同情心的且熱心腸的人。ⅠⅡⅢⅣBScientistshavelearnedmoreabouttheinnerworkingsoftheEarthbystudyingthewaywavesfromearthquakestravelthroughtheplanet’scenter.

TheresultssuggestthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinmoreslowlythantheEarth.TheEarth’scorehastwoparts:theoutercoreandtheinnercore.Bothofthesearemademainlyofthemetals—ironandnickel.Theoutercoreisliquid.

Buttheinnercoreisasolidballheldinthisliquidalmostliketheyolk(蛋黃)inanegg.ScientistssuspectedforalongtimethattheinnercoremightbespinningslightlydifferentlyfromthewaytheEarthspins.ⅠⅡⅢⅣInthe1990s,twoscientists,PaulRichardsandSongXiaodong,studiedtheinnercorebylookingatthewavesfromearthquakesthattravelthroughthecenteroftheEarth.Theyfocusedongroupsandpairsofwavesfromearthquakesthatnaturallyrepeat.IftheinnercorewasspinningexactlywiththeEarth,eachwaveofthepairshouldhavetakenthesametimetopassthroughtheEarth.Instead,somemovedfasterthanothers.Thiswasbecausetheywerehittingdifferentpartsoftheinnercoreasitspun.TheirstudiesrevealedthattheinnercorewasspinninginthesamedirectionastheEarth,butslightlyfaster.ⅠⅡⅢⅣNowDr.SongandYiYang—anotherscientistwhostudiestheEarth—saythey’veusedthesamemethodtolearnthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinslowerthantheEarth.TheresearchersstudiedearthquakewavepairsfromAlaska,goingallthewaybackto1964.Theynoticedthattheinnercore’sspinalsoseemedtochangespeedintheearly1970s.Thescientistssaythattheinnercoremayhaveapatternofspeedingupandslowingdownevery70yearsorso.Noteveryoneagrees.ManyscientistswhostudytheEarthsaymoreinformationneededtofigureoutwhatisreallygoingon.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn),地球內(nèi)核的自轉(zhuǎn)速度可能比地球慢,但這一發(fā)現(xiàn)并非所有人都認(rèn)可,仍需要進(jìn)一步弄清到底發(fā)生了什么。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.Whyisaneggmentionedinthesecondparagraph?A.ToexplainhowtheEarth’scoremoves.B.Toshowtheimportanceoftheinnercore.C.Toillustratethecompositionoftheoutercore.D.TohelppicturethestructureoftheEarth’score.√推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知,本段主要介紹的是地球內(nèi)核的構(gòu)造,與雞蛋的構(gòu)造有相似之處,所以,此處提到雞蛋是以此來說明地球內(nèi)核構(gòu)造。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.Whatdidthescientistsdiscoverabouttheinnercoreinthe1990s?A.Itsentoutearthquakewaves.B.Itchangedspeedrepeatedly.C.ItmovedexactlywiththeEarth.D.ItmovedalittlefasterthantheEarth.√細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“In

the

1990s,two

scientists,Paul

Richards

and

Song

Xiaodong,studied

the

inner

core

by

looking

at

the

waves

from

earthquakes

that

travel

through

the

center

of

the

Earth.”和“Their

studies

revealed

that

the

inner

core

was

spinning

in

the

same

direction

as

the

Earth,but

slightly

faster.”可知,20世紀(jì)90年代對地球內(nèi)核的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),地球內(nèi)核的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向與地球相同,但速度略快。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ7.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthestudyresult?A.Itisaccurateandreliable.B.Itexcitesthescientists.C.Itneedsfurtherconfirmation.D.Ithascausedaheateddiscussion.√推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,研究結(jié)果并非所有人都認(rèn)可,仍需要進(jìn)一步弄清到底發(fā)生了什么,由此可知,這項研究需要進(jìn)一步證實。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.Whatisthetext?A.Asciencereport.B.Asci-fistory.C.Adiaryentry.D.Abrochure.√推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段可知,本文講述的是科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),地球內(nèi)核可能比地球旋轉(zhuǎn)得更慢,下文對此研究進(jìn)行分析,由此可知,本文是一篇科學(xué)研究報告。ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅡ.七選五(2024九省適應(yīng)性測試)Common

Mistakes

New

Runners

MakeRunningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.However,manymakeanumberofcommonmistakes,whichcaninterfere(妨礙)withtrainingorleadtoinjury.

1

,keepthesethingsinmindtohelpyouincreaseyourchancesofrunningsuccess.

·DoingtoomuchtoosoonOneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinueonwithyournewrunningroutine.

2

.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ·

3

Beginnersmightthinktheyneedtoruneveryday(ornearlyeveryday)tomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.Runningisahigh-impactactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbody.Soit’simportanttogiveyourbodyarestbetweenworkouts.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ·Notwearingtherightequipment

4

,it’simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts.Themostimportantpieceofequipmentforrunningisagoodpairofrunningshoes,sobesuretodosomeresearchbeforeyoupurchaseapair.Visitarunningspecialtystoreandaskanemployeetofityouforashoe.

?Runningthroughpain

5

.Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain.Remember:Itdoesn’tmakeyoulessofarunnerifyoulistentoyourbodytokeepithealthy.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣA.NottakingrestdaysB.Ifyou’rejuststartingoutC.ComparingyourselftoothersD.RunningcanbeuncomfortableattimesE.It’simportantnottousethesamemusclesF.Whileitmaybetruethatyoudon’tneedexpensiveequipmenttotakeuprunningG.Expertssuggestincreasingyourrunningdistancebynomorethan10%eachweekⅠⅡⅢⅣ【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了新手跑步者常犯的錯誤。1.B

上文“Running

is

a

great

way

to

get

in

shape

and

just

about

everyone

can

do

it.However,many

make

a

number

of

common

mistakes,which

can

interfere

with

training

or

lead

to

injury.”指出跑步時有些人會犯一些常見的錯誤,這些錯誤可能會干擾訓(xùn)練或?qū)е率軅?下文“keep

these

things

in

mind

to

help

you

increase

your

chances

of

running

success.”可知,空處是狀語從句,B項“如果你剛剛開始”符合。故選B項。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.G

上文“One

of

the

biggest

mistakes

new

runners

make

is

doing

too

much

too

soon.Slowly

easing

into

a

training

program

will

help

reduce

the

risk

of

injury,so

you

can

continue

on

with

your

new

running

routine.”指出剛開始跑步的人會跑得太快,所以要慢慢進(jìn)入訓(xùn)練,不要跑太多太快,G項“專家建議每周增加跑步距離不超過10%”符合,指出不要跑太多。故選G項。3.A

此處是本段小標(biāo)題,即新手跑步者常犯的錯誤之一,由本段內(nèi)容可知,新手跑步者不休息,A項“沒有休息日”符合。故選A項。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.F

根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Not

wearing

the

right

equipment”可知,本段主要介紹了新手跑步者常犯的錯誤之一是沒有佩戴合適的裝備,下文“it’s

important

that

you

wear

properly

for

your

workouts”強(qiáng)調(diào)跑步時正確穿著很重要,空處也應(yīng)與“佩戴合適的裝備”有關(guān),F項“雖然你可能確實不需要昂貴的設(shè)備來開始跑步”符合,其中“equipment”呼應(yīng)本段標(biāo)題中的“the

right

equipment”。故選F項。5.D

下文“If

something

hurts

when

you

run,you

need

to

stop

and

treat

the

pain.”指出跑步時如果感到疼痛,應(yīng)該停下來,這說明有時候跑步會讓人感到疼痛,D項“跑步有時會感到不舒服”符合。故選D項。ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅢ.語法填空HerbalmedicineisanimportantpartofChinesecultureandthepracticeoftraditionalChinesemedicine.TheemperorShenNongissaidtohavetasted100herbs,1.

allowedhimtoteachtheChinesepeoplehowtousethemintheirdietand2.

(treat)forillness.Theseherbshelpthebodytostayinbalanceandgojiberriesareoneof3.

(they).whichtreatment/treatmentsthemⅠⅡⅢⅣSince200BCE,gojiberries4.

(use)intraditionalChinesemedicine.InChina,gojiberriesareknown5.

“wolfberryfruits”,andtheywereoncementionedinthe6.

(old)bookofChineseherbsinexistence,Shen

Nong

Ben

Cao

Jing.Theyarealsoknowntoact7.

(positive)ontheorgansbecauseofthedetoxifying(解毒)properties,thus8.

(contribute)toourqiandenergy.

Gojiberriesare9.

excellentsourceofantioxidants(抗氧化劑),aminoacidsand20othertraceminerals.Thelistofgojiberrybenefitsislong,includingitsabilitytopromotehealthyskin,protecteyehealth,adjustbloodsugarlevelsandfightcancer.

have

been

usedasoldestpositivelycontributinganⅠⅡⅢⅣInChina,gojiberriesarecommonlycookedandaddedtorecipeslikeporridge,soupsanddishes10.

(make)withchicken,porkorvegetables.Theyarealsousedtomakevariouskindsoftea,juicesandwines.madeⅠⅡⅢⅣ【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)草藥中的枸杞。1.which

考查定語從句。此處是非限制性定語從句,先行詞是前面整句話的內(nèi)容,關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。2.treatment/treatments

考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:據(jù)說神農(nóng)皇帝嘗過100種草藥,這使他能夠教中國人如何在飲食和治療疾病中使用它們。and連接兩個并列的名詞,可以用單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞。故填treatment或treatments。3.them

考查代詞。句意:這些草藥有助于身體保持平衡,枸杞就是其中之一。介詞后用賓語,故填them。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.have

been

used

考查動詞的語態(tài)。根據(jù)Since

200

BCE可知,此處需用現(xiàn)在完成時,主語goji

berries和use是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài),主語是復(fù)數(shù),助動詞使用have。故填have

been

used。5.as

考查介詞。句意:在中國,枸杞被稱為“枸杞子”,在現(xiàn)存的中草藥(舊)書《神農(nóng)本草經(jīng)》中曾提到過枸杞子。be

known

as“以……為人所知”。故填as。6.oldest

考查形容詞最高級。定冠詞加形容詞的最高級。故填oldest。7.positively

考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:由于排毒的特性,它們也被認(rèn)為對器官有積極的作用,從而對我們的氣和能量有貢獻(xiàn)。此處修飾動詞短語act

on,應(yīng)用副詞作狀語,故填positively。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.contributing

考查非謂語動詞。此處現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語,表示主動。故填contributing。9.an

考查冠詞。句意:枸杞是抗氧化劑、氨基酸和其他20種微量礦物質(zhì)的極好來源。枸杞是一種(an)很好的抗氧化成分來源,名詞前用冠詞,excellent是以元音音素開頭的單詞,前面用an。故填an。10.made

考查非謂語動詞。句中謂語是are

cooked

and

added,此處made

with

chicken用作定語,修飾前面的recipes

like

porridge,sou