譯林版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第四冊(cè)UNIT2預(yù)習(xí)新知早知道1學(xué)案

Ⅰ.匹配詞義A．單詞匹配()1.precisely A．n.反饋的意見(或信息)()2.tone B．a(chǎn)dj.溫柔的；溫和的；柔和的()3.feedback C．a(chǎn)dj.足以勝任的，有能力的， 稱職的()4.enterprise D．n.公司，企業(yè)；規(guī)劃，事業(yè)()5.friction E．n.同情；贊同()6.obtain F．a(chǎn)dv.準(zhǔn)確地，恰好地；細(xì)心地； 正是，確實(shí)()7.clarify G．n.爭(zhēng)執(zhí)；摩擦；摩擦力()8.sympathy H．n.語(yǔ)氣，腔調(diào)；風(fēng)格，特色()9.gentle I．vt.togetsth.，especially bymakinganeffort()10.competent J．vt.tomakesth.cleareror easiertounderstand[答案]1—5FHADG6—10IJEBCB．短語(yǔ)匹配()1.facetoface A．繼續(xù)做；繼續(xù)前進(jìn)()2.inresponse B．贊成，贊同()3.referto C．使某人忙于……()4.dependon D．面對(duì)面()5.negotiatewith E．回答，回應(yīng)()6.moveon F．是……的說明(或原因)； (數(shù)量上、比例上)占()7.putyourselfinsb.'sshoes G．指的是()8.accountforsth. H．同……協(xié)商()9.approveof I．取決于；依靠；依賴()10.engagesb.in... J．處于某人的境地，設(shè)身處地[答案]1—5DEGIH6—10AJFBCⅡ.默寫單詞1．reactvi. (對(duì)……)作出反應(yīng)；有不良反應(yīng)， 過敏；起化學(xué)反應(yīng)2．suitvt. 滿足需要；相配，合身n. 套裝，西裝，西服3．straightforwardadj. 坦誠(chéng)的；簡(jiǎn)單的4．foldvt. 折疊，對(duì)折；包，裹n. 褶，褶層，折疊部分5．clarifyvt. 使更清晰易懂，闡明6．knowledgeableadj. 博學(xué)的，有見識(shí)的7．gainvt.&vi. 獲得；增進(jìn)，增長(zhǎng)；(從……中)受益n. 好處，利益8．a(chǎn)pprovevi.&vt. 贊成；批準(zhǔn)，通過(計(jì)劃、要求等)9．mailn. 電子郵件；郵政；郵件10．gesturen. 手勢(shì)，姿勢(shì)；姿態(tài)，表示vi.&vt. 做手勢(shì)，用手勢(shì)表示Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境填空mail；gentle；tone；gain；obtain；straightforward；friction；enterprise；fold；feedback1．There'snoneedtotakethattonewithme—it'snotmyfaultforbeinglate.2．Theforceoffrictionslowsthespacecraftdownasitre-enterstheearth'satmosphere.3．Hefoldedthemapupandputitinhispocket.4．Iwasimpressedbyhisstraightforwardintelligentmanner.5．Heisstillinvolvedinvoluntaryworkpromotinglocalenterprise．6．Thegentletouchofhishandonhershouldermadeherjump.7．Weneedbothpositiveandnegativefeedbackfromourcustomers.8．Thefigureswereobtainedbyextrapolatingfrompasttrends.9．Heaskedhismothertosenditbymail．10．Thecountrygaineditsindependencetenyearsago.Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空之派生詞1．Hestoodoutintermsofcompetence(competent)fromallhisfellows.2．Idon'thaveanythingsuitable(suit)towearfortheparty.3．Therentisamatterfornegotiation(negotiate)betweenthelandlordandthetenant.4．Youneedtomakesomeclarification(clarify)forthisquestion.5．Wehadaknowledgeable(knowledge)guideinthepersonofGeorgeAdams.6．Shedesperatelywantedtowinherfather'sapproval(approve).7．ImusttellyouhowmuchIsympathize(sympathy)withyouforyourloss，Professor.1．Theycouldbeinterpretedasawelcominggreetingfromaclosefriend，especiallyifaccompaniedbyagentlesmile.它們(這兩個(gè)詞)可以解讀成來自親密朋友的熱情問候，特別是如果伴隨著親切的笑容。2．Muchofwhatwecommunicateisdependentnotonlyonthewordsweuse，butalsoonhowweusethem.我們所交流的許多東西，不僅取決于我們使用的單詞，還取決于我們?nèi)绾问褂盟鼈儭?．Inresponse，thereceiversendsanencodedmessageback，whichisreferredtoasfeedback.作為響應(yīng)，接收者將編碼消息發(fā)送回去，該消息被稱為反饋。4．Dependingonwhetheryouarecommunicatingwithastranger，friend，familymemberorco-worker，youwillneedtodecidewhichcommunicationchannelbestsuitsthesituation.根據(jù)你是否正在與陌生人、朋友、家人或同事溝通，你需要決定哪一個(gè)溝通渠道最適合這種情況。5．Asmileshowsyouareattentivetotheissuesbeingdiscussed，whilelookingawaywithyourarmsfoldedcanindicatedisinterestandcreatedistrustorfriction.微笑表明你對(duì)正在被討論的問題很關(guān)注，而雙臂交叉、目光移開可能表明你不感興趣，這樣會(huì)造成不信任或?qū)е履Σ?。課文助讀①interpretv．理解；解釋②greetingn．問候；致意；打招呼③accompanyvt.陪伴；陪同；伴奏④functionv．起作用；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)n．作用，功能⑤dependentadj.依賴的，依靠的；取決于……的⑥encodevt.把……編碼；把……譯成電碼(或密碼)⑦facetoface面對(duì)面⑧inresponse作為回應(yīng)⑨referto指的是⑩originaladj.起初的；原來的?patiencen．耐心；忍耐；忍耐力?accomplishvt.完成；達(dá)到?expectationn．預(yù)料；期待；盼望?backgroundn．背景?dependon取決于；信任；信賴?furthermoreadv.再者；而且?appropriateadj.合適的；恰當(dāng)?shù)?equallyadv.相等地；平等地?revealvt.揭露；透露；發(fā)行?attentiveadj.注意的；專心的；留意的?indicatevt.表明；暗示?additionallyadv.另外；附加?cluen．線索?adjustv．調(diào)整；使適應(yīng)?confusedadj.迷惑的；不解的?vitaladj.重要的；生死攸關(guān)的?putyourselfinsb.'sshoes處于某人的境地，設(shè)身處地?perspectiven．觀點(diǎn)；態(tài)度?engagev．雇用；聘用；吸引住?complicatedadj.復(fù)雜的；混亂的；麻煩的?accountforsth.是……的說明(或原因)；(數(shù)量上、比例上)占?approveof贊成，贊同?interactionn．互動(dòng)；相互影響原文呈現(xiàn)EffectivecommunicationIfyouheardsomeoneshout“Heyyou！”fromacrosstheroom，howwouldyoureact?Justthesetwowordscancarryalotofinformation.Theycouldbeinterpreted①asawelcominggreeting②fromaclosefriend，especiallyifaccompanied③byagentlesmile.【1】Whenspokenbyastranger，theycanfunction④asameansofattractingyourattention.Muchofwhatwecommunicateisdependent⑤notonlyonthewordsweuse，butalsoonhowweusethem.So，let'slookalittledeeperintothetopicofcommunication.【1】這是一個(gè)省略句，accompanied前省略了theyare。Communicationistheprocessofexchanginginformationbetweenasenderandareceiver.Thesenderencodes⑥amessageandsendsitfacetoface⑦，orthroughvideo，telephone，mailorsocialmedia.Thismessageisthenreceivedanddecodedbythereceiver.Inresponse⑧，thereceiversendsanencodedmessageback，whichisreferredto⑨asfeedback.【2】Thisfeedbackisdecodedbytheoriginal⑩senderandtheentirecyclerepeatsitselfuntiltheyhavefinishedcommunicating.【2】which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾message。Thiscommunicationprocesscanbechallengingbut，withpracticeandpatience?，youcanbecomeahighlycompetentcommunicator.Toaccomplish?this，youneedtoknowwithwhomyouarecommunicating.【3】Whatistheirageorposition?Whatistheirrelationshipwithyou?Whatexpectations?andculturalbackgrounds?dotheyhave?Onceyouhaveobtainedthisinformation，youcanuseittodeterminehowbesttocommunicatewiththem.Dependingon?whetheryouarecommunicatingwithastranger，friend，familymemberorco-worker，youwillneedtodecidewhichcommunicationchannelbestsuitsthesituation.Furthermore?，youwillneedtodeterminetheappropriate?styletouseandhowcomplexyourchoiceofwordsshouldbe.Forexample，ifyouareabusinesspersonnegotiatingwithalargeenterpriseaboutadeal，youshoulddoitfacetoface，usingformallanguageinastraightforwardmanner.【3】不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。Yourbodylanguageisequally?important，sinceitreveals?alotaboutyourthoughtsandattitudes.【4】Makesureitclearlysupportsthemessageyouwanttodeliver.Asmileshowsyouareattentive?totheissuesbeingdiscussed，whilelookingawaywithyourarmsfoldedcanindicate?disinterestandcreatedistrustorfriction.Additionally?，youshouldnotignoretheotherperson'sbodylanguage，whichwillgiveyouclues?astowhethertheconversationisgoingwellornot.【5】Whenyounoticeachangeintheotherperson'sbodylanguage，youshouldadjust?howyouarecommunicatingaccordingly.Ifsomeonelooksatyouwithaconfused?expression，thiscouldindicatethattheyhavenotcompletelyunderstoodyourpoint.【6】Thenyouwillneedtoclarifyyourmessagebeforemovingon.【4】since引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句?！?】which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾bodylanguage?！?】that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。Whilebeingknowledgeableaboutbodylanguageisvital?【7】，thevalueofempathyshouldnotbeunderstated.Seektounderstandtheotherperson'semotions，byputtingyourselfintheirshoes?andlookingatthesituationfromtheirperspective?.Supposeyouarediscussingaprojectwithyourpartner，whohasjustlostanimportantbasketballgameandisinactive.Toengage?himorherinthediscussionandmakeyourcommunicationmoreeffective，youmayexpressyoursympathyby，forinstance，saying，“Iunderstandhowyoufeel...”However，someissuesmaybecomplicated?andyoumaybeconfusedaboutwhyothersfeelthewaytheydo．【8】Onlywhenyougiveseriousconsiderationtotheirpointsofviewwillyoubeabletoseewhataccountsfor?theiremotionsandempathizewiththem.Youmaynotapproveof?theirideasbutatleastyouwillseewheretheyarecomingfrom，whichmeansyoucanmakeadjustmentstoyourowntoneandchoiceofwordsaccordingly.【7】while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“雖然；盡管”?！?】theydo是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾theway。Effectivecommunicationwillenableyoutosettledifferencesanddisagreementsappropriatelyandimproveyourinteractions?withothers.Goodcommunicationskillswillalsohelpyoubuildtrustandgainrespect，allowingrelationshipstobecomemorepositiveandproductive.So，getpractisingandgoodluck！譯文參考有效交流如果你聽到有人從房間對(duì)面喊“嘿，你！”，你會(huì)怎么反應(yīng)？只有這兩個(gè)詞也能承載很多信息。它們(這兩個(gè)詞)可以解讀成來自親密朋友的熱情問候，特別是如果伴隨著親切的笑容。當(dāng)陌生人說話時(shí)，它們可以作為吸引你注意力的一種手段。我們交流的許多東西，不僅取決于我們使用的單詞，還取決于我們?nèi)绾问褂盟鼈?。所以，讓我們深入探討一下交流這個(gè)話題。交流是發(fā)送方和接收方之間的交換信息的過程。發(fā)送者編碼一條消息，并通過面對(duì)面發(fā)送，或者通