教老外學(xué)漢語

Le

t

’s

le

a

rn

Chine

s

e

w

ith

Lulu學(xué)漢語結(jié)語(co

n

c

lu

s

io

n

)學(xué)習(xí)指南（A

g

u

id

e

t

o

le

a

rn

in

g

）實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)（P

ra

c

t

ice

w

it

h

e

x

e

rcis

e

s

）漢語拼音（Ch

in

e

s

eP

in

y

in

）目錄頁Contents

Page漢語簡(jiǎn)介(

Th

e

in

t

ro

d

u

c

t

io

n

o

f

Ch

in

e

s

e

)學(xué)習(xí)指南漢語拼音實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)結(jié)語漢漢語語簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介【漢語簡(jiǎn)介】Chine

s

e

Ma

nda

rin

（普通話）漢語普通話是中國(guó)漢民族的共同語，也是中國(guó)的官方語言。它以北京語音為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音，以北方方言為基礎(chǔ)，以典范的現(xiàn)代白話文著作為語法規(guī)范。The

common

language

of

the

Han

nationality

is

Mandarin

Chine

se.

Mandarin

is

also

the

official

language

ofthe

People's

Re

public

of

China.

Beijing

phonetic

is

regarded

as

the

standard

pronunciation

and

the

basicdialect

is

dialect

of

the

northern

part

of

the

country.

The

standard

modern

Chine

se

written

works

becomegrammar

examples.一般來說，一個(gè)漢字是一個(gè)音節(jié)。漢語的音節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡(jiǎn)單，由聲母、韻母、聲調(diào)組成。聲母是音節(jié)的開頭，韻母有單韻母、復(fù)韻母和鼻韻母。聲調(diào)標(biāo)在韻母的主要元音上。Ge

nerally

speaking,

a

Single

Chine

se

character

is

equal

to

a

syllable.

The

structure

of

a

Chine

se

syllable

is

quite

simple,

usually

being

composed

of

an

initial

and

a

final

with

atone.

The

initial

is

the

first

part

of

a

syllable.

Following

the

initial

is

the

final,

which

can

be

classified

into

three

types;

the

simple

final,

compound

final

and

final

with

a

nasal

ending.

Tone

marks

are

placed

on

the

major

vowels

of

the

final.n

e

x

t

Characte

ristics

of

Chine

se

characters：hieroglyphOne

prominent

feature

:

combine

grapheme

and

meaning

closely

.

So

Chine

se

can

read

the

essays

eventhough

it

is

two

thousand

years

ago.漢語簡(jiǎn)介e.g.[máng]忙忄:s

t

a

te

of

m

ind亡:lo

s

e、d

ieb

us

y[kàn]看:ha

nd:e

yelookn

e

x

t學(xué)習(xí)指南漢語拼音【漢語簡(jiǎn)介】

Ove

r

1.5

billion

people

learn

Chine

se.

Chine

se

characters

is

ideogram.

the

benefit

of

learning

Chine

se.【Th

e

in

t

ro

d

u

ct

io

n

o

f

Ch

in

e

s

e

】

全球使用人數(shù)最多

漢字是表意文字

漢語能帶給你什么

【t

ra

n

s

la

t

io

n

】學(xué)說中國(guó)話，朋友遍天下每個(gè)漢字背后都是一部歷史工作，學(xué)習(xí)，旅游??Le

arning

&

speaking

Chine

se

brings

you

countlessfriends.Each

Chine

se

character

has

a

history

.You

have

command

of

a

new

language

and

it

also

bringsyou

convenience

in

working

,

studying

&

traveling.漢漢語語簡(jiǎn)簡(jiǎn)介介實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)結(jié)語漢語簡(jiǎn)介漢語拼音【學(xué)習(xí)指南】學(xué)好漢語有三步。而通過之前的漢語簡(jiǎn)介，我們知道了學(xué)好漢語的第一步就是掌握拼音。因?yàn)樗軌驇椭阕x出任何

一個(gè)漢字的發(fā)音，同時(shí)它也是你今后可以自學(xué)漢語的基礎(chǔ)，在學(xué)習(xí)期間，你可以買一本字典來幫助認(rèn)識(shí)、理解和掌握更多的漢字。學(xué)好漢語第二步就是掌握基礎(chǔ)的漢語語法，這一步我會(huì)在大量的實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)中告訴你。而第三步就是練習(xí)，俗話說，孰能生巧。給自己制定一個(gè)目標(biāo)并每天的練習(xí)是學(xué)好任何語言必須經(jīng)歷的一步。From

my

point

of

views,

there

are

three

steps

in

learning

Chine

se.Through

the

previous

Chine

se

brief

introduction,

the

first

step

is

grasping

Chine

se

Pinyin

because

it

can

help

you

pronounce

any

Chine

se

words.

Meanwhile,

it

is

the

basis

of

your

learning

Chine

se.

In

the

period

of

study,

you

can

buy

a

dictionary

to

help

you

recognize,

understand

and

learn

more

Chine

se

characters.

The

second

step

isgrasping

the

basic

Chine

se

grammar.

For

this

point,

I

will

tell

you

more

when

you

practice.

The

third

step

is

practice.

A

saying

goes

like

this,“Practise

make

s

perfect

”.

Setting

a

goal

for

yourself

and

practicing

everyday

are

the學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)指指南南indispensable

process

in

learning

any

languages.n

e

x

t實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)結(jié)語漢語簡(jiǎn)介漢語拼音【學(xué)習(xí)指南】1.初階目標(biāo)

能熟練的讀出漢語拼音和正確的聲調(diào)

能讀、寫100-200個(gè)常用的中文字

能聽、說簡(jiǎn)單的日常會(huì)話，并能認(rèn)得其中的用詞，也明了簡(jiǎn)單的中文句法1.

Ele

mentary

goals

Have

the

ability

to

read

Chine

se

phonetic

transcriptions

with

correct

tone.

Be

able

to

read

and

write

100

to

200

Chine

se

characters.

Be

able

to

listen

and

speak

simple

daily

dialogue,

recognizing

each

words

and

understanding

Chine

se

grammar.學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)指指南南首先,我為您制定目標(biāo)：First

of

all,

I

set

goals

for

you.實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)結(jié)語n

e

x

t【學(xué)習(xí)指南】學(xué)習(xí)指南2.中階目標(biāo)

以日常生活情況為單元，能認(rèn)讀各單元中常用的語句，并能書寫其中較簡(jiǎn)單的漢字

藉由情景單元中的對(duì)話，學(xué)習(xí)教復(fù)雜的句型及特殊字的用法

能夠針對(duì)不同的生活情況，進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的自由對(duì)話2.Inte

rmediate

goals

In

the

basis

of

our

daily

life

,

you

can

read

some

common

words

and

have

theability

to

write

somesimple

Chine

se

characters.

Based

on

situational

dialogues,

you

should

learn

some

more

complex

sentence

pattern

and

the

usage

ofsome

special

characters.

You

can

have

a

simple

and

free

talk

with

others

aimed

towards

different

conditions.n

e

x

t【學(xué)習(xí)指南】學(xué)習(xí)指南3.高階目標(biāo)

能進(jìn)行大部分生活對(duì)話

能閱讀并理解大部分生活中常見的短文

能用簡(jiǎn)單的句子說明自己的想法3.Advance

d

goals

Be

able

to

freely

talk

to

others

in

life

Be

able

to

read

and

comprehend

most

of

the

common

words

in

life

Be

able

to

express

your

ideas

with

simple

sentencen

e

x

t漢語簡(jiǎn)介學(xué)習(xí)指南漢漢語語拼拼音音Chine

s

e

Pinyin

（漢語拼音簡(jiǎn)介）漢語拼音是一套用拉丁字母記寫普通話讀音的方法系統(tǒng)，內(nèi)容有字母（

26個(gè)），聲母（

21個(gè)），韻母（

39個(gè)），聲調(diào)（

4個(gè)）和拼寫規(guī)則。The

Pinyinis

a

system

for

representing

standard

Mandarin

in

the

Latin

alphabet.

It

contains

26

letters,

21

initials,

39

finals,

four

tones

and

several

special

spelling

rules.用拉丁拼音字母記錄漢字的讀音始于公元1

610年的法國(guó)傳教士。1958年中華人民共和國(guó)正式公布拉丁字母式的《漢語拼音方案》。1977年聯(lián)合國(guó)決定采用漢語拼音為中國(guó)地名拼寫法的國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。1982年，該方案成為國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)IOS

7098

（中文羅馬字母拼寫法）。In

1

61

0,

aFrench

missionary

first

used

the

Latin

alphabet

to

record

the

pronunciation

of

Chine

se

characters.

The

n

in

1958,

Chine

se

government

published

the

“Sche

me

for

the

Chine

se

Phonetic

Alphabe

t

”officially.

Late

r

in

1977,

the

UN

adopted

Pinyin

as

the

international

spelling

standards

of

Chine

se

geographical

names

and

the

scheme

became

ISO

7098（

Roman

alphabet

spellings

for

Chine

se)

in

1982．實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)結(jié)語n

e

x

t漢語簡(jiǎn)介學(xué)習(xí)指南漢漢語語拼拼音音漢語拼音在中國(guó)大陸作為基礎(chǔ)教育內(nèi)容全面使用。海外的華語地區(qū)目前也在漢語教育中進(jìn)行漢語拼音教學(xué)。The

Pinyin

has

become

the

educational-base

d

content

in

Chine

se

mainland

and

a

essential

part

in

Chine

se

speaking

communities

overseas.漢語拼音規(guī)律比較簡(jiǎn)單，對(duì)普及識(shí)字以及初等教育起了很大的作用。隨著計(jì)算機(jī)的普及，漢語拼音也是一種除筆畫輸入以外非常常用的中文輸入法。The

laws

of

Chine

se

Pinyin

are

relatively

simple,

which

plays

an

important

role

in

popularizing

Chine

se

charactersand

primary

education.

With

the

popularization

of

computer

technology,

Pinyin

has

become

a

very

popularChine

se

input

method

besides

character

stroke

input.由于漢語拼音是一種只書寫讀音的體系，無法取代漢字。完全用漢語拼音寫出來的文章很難懂，因此，它不是一種正式的書寫方式，而只是一種閱讀的幫助。Because

Pinyin

is

only

for

recording

the

pronunciation,

it

can

never

be

the

substitute

of

Chine

se

characte

r.

The

article

that

completely

written

by

Pinyin

is

difficult

to

understand.

The

refore,

Pinyin

is

not

a

formal

way

of

writing實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)結(jié)語and

it

is

just

a

reading

aid.n

e

x

t漢語簡(jiǎn)介學(xué)習(xí)指南【漢語拼音】漢語拼音字母表聲母表（Initia

l

Co

ns

o

na

nt

t

a

b

le

）bpmfdtnlgkhjqxzhchshrzcsywa

o

e

i

u

ü

ai

eiui

ao

ou

iu

ie

üe

er

anen

in

un

ün

ang

eng

ing

ongwuzhiChishiriyiyuyeyuezi

ci

siyuan

yin

yunying韻母表（The

f

ina

l

t

a

b

le

）整體認(rèn)讀音節(jié)（w

ho

le-s

ylla

b

le

）漢漢語語拼拼音音The

structure

of

a

Chine

se

syllable

is

quite

simple,

usually

being

composed

of

an

initial

and

a

final

with

a

tone.e.g.[wo][shi]

[tuō]

[nǐ]我是托尼

I

a

m

To

ny.n

e

x

tClick

it

t

o

lis

t

e

nt

o

t

h

e

s

o

u

n

d

s

.實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)結(jié)語漢語簡(jiǎn)介學(xué)習(xí)指南漢漢語語拼拼音音S

p

e

lling

Rule

s

of

Pinyin

（漢語拼音拼寫規(guī)則）．Zhi

chi

shi

ri,zi

ci

si的韻母用“i” The

finals

of

zhi

chi

shi

ri,zi

ci

si

are“i”．i開頭的韻母，前面沒有聲母時(shí)，寫成yi

ya

ye

yao

you

yan

yin

yang

ying

yong Finals

beginning

with

i

without

initials

are

written

as：ya

ye

yao

you

yan

yin

yang

ying

yong.．u開頭的韻母，前面沒有聲母時(shí)寫成wu

wa

wo

wai

wei

wan

wen

wang

wengFinals

beginning

with

u

without

initials

are

written

as:

wu

wa

wo

wai

wei

wan

wen

wang

weng.．韻母üüe和聲母n相拼，ü的兩點(diǎn)保留。ü及以ü開頭的韻母和聲母j，q，x相拼，ü一律稱ü。üand

üe

are

combined

with

l

and

n,

the

two

dots

on

the

üare

remained,

e.g.

lü,

nü,

lüe

,

nü.

Whe

n

üandfinals

beginning

with

üare

combined

with

j,

q,

x,

üis

all

pronounced

as

ü,

e.g.

ju

quan

xue.實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)結(jié)語n

e

x

t漢語簡(jiǎn)介學(xué)習(xí)指南漢漢語語拼拼音音7．聲調(diào)的調(diào)號(hào)一般按照順序一次標(biāo)注在a

o

e

i

u

ü上。如果調(diào)在i上時(shí)，i上的點(diǎn)兒可以省略。

Tone

marks

are

marke

d

on

the

vowels

a

o

e

i

u

üaccording

to

the

orde

r.When

the

tone

mark

is

on

an

i,the

doton

the

ican

be

omitted,

e.g.

kāi,

zhǎo,

tiào,

guā,

tiē,

zǒu,

jīn,

jùn,

jù.-iu,-ui這兩個(gè)韻母的調(diào)號(hào)應(yīng)該標(biāo)在后面。For

thefinals

iu

and

ui,

the

tone

marks

should

be

placed

on

the

latter

u

or

i,

e.g.

diūhuìS

pe

lling

Rule

s

of

Pinyin

（漢語拼音拼寫規(guī)則）．ü開頭的韻母，前面沒有聲母時(shí)，ü上的兩點(diǎn)省略。Whe

n

the

finals

beginning

with

üwithout

initials,

the

two

dots

on

the

üare

omitted,

these

are

written

as:yu

yue

yuan

yun．iou

uei

uen前面有聲母時(shí)，寫成iu

ui

un．Whe

n

iou

uei

uen

are

preceded

by

initials,

they

are

written

as

iu

ui

un,

e.g.

niu

liu

gui

hun.實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)結(jié)語n

e

x

t漢語簡(jiǎn)介學(xué)習(xí)指南漢語拼音實(shí)實(shí)戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)練練習(xí)習(xí)〗mā媽pá爬t

ǎ塔nà那Pra

ct

ice

w

it

h

e

x

e

rcis

e

smamotherclimbthatptowert

anaafour

tones結(jié)語n

e

x

t漢語簡(jiǎn)介學(xué)習(xí)指南漢語拼音實(shí)實(shí)戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)練練習(xí)習(xí)Pra

ct

ice

w

it

h

e

x

e

rcis

e

smpobō播m⑩磨wǒ我p⑨破bw

oooo結(jié)語n

e

x

t漢語簡(jiǎn)介學(xué)習(xí)指南漢語拼音實(shí)實(shí)戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)練練習(xí)習(xí)Pra

ct

ice

w

it

h

e

x

e

rcis

e

sehē喝d⒅德kě可l⒄樂d

el

ek

eh

e結(jié)語n

e

x

t漢語簡(jiǎn)介學(xué)習(xí)指南漢語拼音實(shí)實(shí)戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)練練習(xí)習(xí)Pra

ct

ice

w

it

h

e

x

e

rcis

e

sipī批mí迷dǐ底t

ì替pmd

it

iii結(jié)語n

e

x

t漢語簡(jiǎn)介學(xué)習(xí)指南漢語拼音實(shí)實(shí)戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)練練習(xí)習(xí)Pra

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