2023-2024學(xué)年河南省鄭州市中原區(qū)名校聯(lián)考高二（上）月考英語試卷（9月份）

2023-2024學(xué)年河南省鄭州市中原區(qū)名校聯(lián)考高二（上）月考英語試卷（9月份）閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50.0分）1．（7.5分）TheAdmissiontoUniversityofFloridaThegeneralrequirementsbelowapplytoundergraduateadmissiontoanycollegeordivisionoftheuniversity.Pleaseunderstandtheadmissiontotheuniversityisselective.Onlyminimumrequirementsforadmissionareprovided；satisfactionoftheseminimumsdoesnotguaranteeadmission.●OnlineapplicationforadmissionreceivedbytheOfficeofAdmissionsbythedeadline.●Asatisfactoryacademicrecord.Applicantsmustprovideacompleterecordofschoolswhichtheyattended.Failuretodeclareattendanceatanotherschoolcouldinvalidate（使無效）anofferofadmissionandanycreditordegreeearned.●Satisfactoryscoresonachievementornaturalabilitytests；theSAT，ACTorTOEFL.●Applicantsmustidentifyapreferredtermofenrollment（注冊）ontheirapplication.Theapplicationmaybeconsideredandtheadmissionmaybeofferedtotermsotherthanthepreferredtermspecifiedontheapplication.ApplicantswhowishtochangetheirtermofentryshouldcontacttheOfficeofAdmissionsimmediately.●Accesstoandongoinguseofacomputerisrequiredofallstudents.Theuniversityexpectsnewstudentsandcontinuingstudentstoacquirecomputerhardwareandsoftwareappropriatetothedegreeprogram.●NoticeofAdmissionWhenanapplicationforadmissionisapproved，theuniversitywillsendanoticeofadmissionforaspecificterm.Ifthestudentisunabletoenrollforthetermindicatedorwishestobeconsideredforentrancetoadifferentterm，theOfficeofAdmissionsshouldbeinformedimmediately.（1）Whathavetobeincludedintheapplication？A.Theapplicants'educationexperiences.B.ThecommentsonUniversityofFlorida.C.Thepreparationsfornaturalabilitytests.D.Theminimumrequirementsforadmission.（2）Whatcantheapplicantsdowhenapplyingfortheadmission？A.Returntheircomputers.B.Changethetermofenrollment.C.Guaranteethesatisfaction.D.Designanoticeofadmission.（3）Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanyoureadthetext？A.Technology.B.Geography.C.Education.D.Entertainment.2．（10分）Onesummerday，asIwasheadingtotheteachingbuilding，Iheardsomeonecallmyname.IturnedaroundandsawPhilip，acounseloratourcollege，standingwithanotheryoungman.Philipintroducedmetohim，Stephen，andremindedmethatStephenwouldbetakingoneofmyclasses.Stephenlookedatme.Withasomewhatpainfulexpression，heaskedifmyclasswasgoingtobehardandifhewouldbeabletopass.Iintroducedallthethingsthathewouldbeexpectedtolearn.Aswetalked，IsawStephen'seyesgettingbigwithfear.Itoldhimtodoallofhisassignments，andtohandtheminontime.Ratherthanbeingoverwhelmed（壓倒）byallofthework，Itoldhimthemostsuccessfulstudentsmadeamastercalendarofalltheassignmentssotheycouldplantheirworkload.Asthefallsemesterwenton，IlearnedmoreofStephen'sstory.Ithadtakenhimlongertofinishtheassignmentsthanmostyoungpeople.Familymembers，includinghismother，keptremindinghimthathewasafailure.Buthekeptatitanddidn'ttakethemtoheart.Hetoldmethatbeforecomingtoourcollege，noonebelievedhecouldmanageit.Stephendidn'tbecomeanAstudent.However，hemanagedtopassmostofhiscoursesbybeinginclasseveryday，turninginallofhisassignmentsontimeandbreakingdownhisstudyingintobite﹣sizedparts.Bypassingcourseaftercourse，hebegantogainameasureofself﹣confidence.Onhisgraduationday，hewalkeduptome，andsaid，"Thankyou."（1）AccordingtoStephen'squestionstotheauthor，whatdoweknowaboutStephen？A．HehadneverbeenanAstudent.B．Hedidn'twanttoattendtheauthor'sclass.C．Hewasn'tveryconfidentabouthimself.D．Hecouldn'tpasstheauthor'sexam.（2）Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthoraccordingtothepassage？A．HehelpedStephengetanAinhisclass.B．HetoldStephenhowtodealwithhisstudies.C．Hedidn'tbelievethatStephencouldstudyincollege.D．Hewouldn'thavemetStephenwithouttheintroductionofPhilip.（3）WhatdoesthepassagemainlytellusaboutStephen？A．Hewasanaveragestudentbuthard﹣working.B．Hewasalittlestupidanddidn'tdowellatschool.C．Hewasfarfromatopstudentbecauseofhisfailure.D．Hewasanexcellentstudent，butdidn'thaveself﹣confidence.（4）Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthepassage？A．Onebiteatatime.B．Lookbeforeyouleap.C．Hastemakeswaste.D．Agoodbeginningishalfdone.3．（10分）Notlongago，peoplecouldonlybuyorganicfoodinsmallshops.Todayitiscommoninmostmajorsupermarkets.Thereasonfortheincreaseisthatmoreandmorepeoplearedemandingfoodgrownwithoutchemicals.Sincethe1990s，organicfarmproductionhasgoneup20percenteveryyear.Thispatternisexpectedtocontinuearoundtheglobe.Australialeadstheworldinlandusedfororganicagriculture.IthasfourtimesasmuchlanddevotedtoorganicfarmingasallofAsia.However，mostofthelandisnotveryfertile，anditonlyproducesamodestamountoffood.Argentinaisadistantsecond，followedbyBrazil，theUnitedStatesandChina.InAfrica，onlyaverysmallamountoflandisregisteredfororganicfarming.ThatdoesnotmeanAfricareliesonchemicals.Infact，manyfarmersdonotusechemicalsbecausetheycannotaffordthem.Yettherearenoprogramsforthesefarmerstoprovetheydonotusechemicals.Withouttheseprogramstheirfoodcanneverbeapprovedorganic.Indiahashadthemostdramaticrecentincreaseinorganicfarming.Likemanyothercountries，Indiaseescontinualgrowthinorganicfoodsalesaroundtheworld.This，ofcourse，leadstogrowthinprofits.Salesoforganicfoodweremorethandoubledfrom2000to2005.LikeIndia，manycountriesaretryingtoincreasecommercialorganicfarmingtogetashareofthesales.Thishasledtocriticism.Somepeoplebelievethatorganicfarmingshouldnotjustbeaboutmakingmoney.Theythinkthegoalistohelptheenvironment.Otherssayorganicfarmingwillnotcontinueifitisnotprofitable.Theysaythatpeopleshouldbeabletomakemoneywhileprovidingfoodthatishealthytomankind.（1）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A.Countriesallwanttomakemoneyfromorganicfarming.B.Organicfoodhasbecomemuchmorecommon.C.Peopledonotwanttoeatfoodwithchemicalsinit.D.Farmingorganicallyisgrowingaroundtheworld.（2）Whydopeoplewanttoincreaseorganicfarming？A.OrganicfoodisgoodfortheEarthandthehumanbeings.B.Moreandmorepeopledemandchemicalstogrowfood.C.Profitsfromorganicfarminghelpmakeapprovalprograms.D.Therearefewerchemicalsavailabletothehumanbeings.（3）Fromthepassage，itcanbesaidthat.A.ChinaandIndiahavethesameamountoforganicfarmlandB.IndiausestheleastlandtofarmorganicallyC.theUSisthefourthlargestorganicfarmingcountryD.BraziluseslesslandtofarmorganicallythanChina（4）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.therewillbefewerorganicfarmsifdemandfororganicfoodgoesdownB.peoplewhoeatfoodwithchemicalshaveshorterlifespanC.IndiawillsoonbecomethelargestgroweroforganicfoodD.morecountrieswillfarmorganicallyastheenvironmentgetsworse4．（10分）Imagineateamofhumansandrobotsworkingtogethertoprocessonlineorders.Real﹣lifeworkersstrategicallypositionedamongtheirautomatedcoworkerswhoaremovingintelligentlybackandforthinawarehouse（倉庫）space，pickingitemsforshippingtothecustomer.ThiscouldbecomearealitysoonerorlaterthankstoresearchersattheUniversityofMissouri，whoareworkingtospeeduptheonlinedeliveryprocessbydevelopingasoftwaremodeldesignedtomaketransportrobotssmarter."Therobotictechnologyalreadyexists，"saidSharanSrinivas，whospecializesindataanalyticsandoperationsresearch."Ourgoalistobestapplythistechnologythroughefficientplanning.Todothis，we'reaskingquestionslike'givenalistofitemstopick，howdoyouoptimize（優(yōu)化）therouteplanforthehumanpickersandrobots？'or'howmanyitemsshouldarobotpickinagiventour？'Likewise，wehaveasimilarsetofquestionsforthehumanworker.Themostchallengingpartisoptimizingthecollaborationplanbetweenthehumanpickersandrobots."：Currently，alotofhumaneffortandlaborcostsareinvolvedwithfulfillingonlineorders.Tohelpoptimizethisprocess，roboticcompanieshavealreadydevelopedcooperativerobots，alsoknownascobotsorautonomousmobilerobots（AMRs），toworkinawarehouseordistributioncenter.AMRsareequippedwithsensorsandcamerastohelpthemnavigate（確定方向）aroundacontrolledspacelikeawarehouse.Srinivassaid，"Therobotisintelligent，soifit'sinstructedtogotoaparticularlocation，itcannavigatethewarehouseandnothitanyworkersorotherobstaclesalongtheway.AMRsarenotdesignedtoreplacehumanworkers，butinsteadcanworkcooperativelyalongsidethemtohelpincreasetheefficiencyoftheorderfulfillmentprocess.""Theonedrawbackisthattheserobotsdonothavegoodgraspingabilities，"saidSrinivas."Buthumansaregoodatgraspingitems，sowearetryingtobalancethestrengthofbothresources."（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"collaboration"inparagraph3mean？A．Technology.B．Similarity.C．Exploration.D．Cooperation.（2）WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsequippedonAMRs？A．Tolookcool.B．Tosensewarnings.C．TodirectAMRs'way.D．Tofindhumanworkers.（3）WhatareAMRsbadat？A．Jumping.B．Climbing.C．Walking.D．Holding.（4）Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A．TheSimpleUseofRobotsB．WarehouseWorkersandRobotsC．MakingTransportRobotsSmarterD．TransportRobotsInventedbySharan5．（12.5分）Languageisapartofcultureandplaysaveryimportantroleinit.（1）Yetlanguageisnottheonlywaytoexpressourideasandfeelings.Bodymovement，eyecontact，gesture，andfacialexpressionareotherformsoflanguagewecallnonverbalcommunication.（2）AccordingtoSocialAnthropologist，EdwardT.Hall，inanormalconversationbetweentwopersons，lessthan15%ofsocialmeaningistransmitted（傳達）bywords.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofusingnonverbalcommunicationandpeoplehavedifferentgesturestoconveytheirexpressions.However，nonverbalcommunication，liketraffic，isnotrandom（隨意的）；ithasapurpose.（3）Learningthedifferentcommonrulesofbodylanguageindifferentculturesisveryusefulforustounderstandeachotherbetter.Peoplecomingfromthesameculturesharecommonunderstandingbyusingthesamebodylanguagesuchaseyemanagement，facialexpressions，gestures，andbodymovements.（4）Forexample，"arms"，whichareusedlittlebyNordicsduringaconversation，areanimportantelementinone'scommunicativeweaponry（武器）inItaly，Spain，andSouthAmerica.（5）Inthesecultures，oneshouldstandwithfeetpressedtogetherandhandsinterlaced（交錯）infrontofthebody.InculturessuchasAmerica，whereyouoftenstandwithyourfeetshoulderlengthapart，armsatyourside，standinginthisfashionmightbeinterpretedasbeingshyandinsecure.A．Misuseofbodylanguagecanbeunpleasant.B．Andtherearecommonrulestoguideitsflow.C．Withoutlanguage，culturewouldnotbepossible.D．Bodylanguagemakesupthelargestpartofournonverbalcommunication.E．Butindifferentculturesnonverbalcommunicationtakesondifferentpatterns.F．Ifyou'relearninganewlanguage，agreatwayistowatchmoviesandTVshows.G．InAfrica，standinginatoo"open"fashion，meansthatyourposturemightbeinappropriate.語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）6．（15分）Areallinventorsscientists？No.Anyonecanmakeaninventionifheorshehasideasandis（1）totryagainandagainuntiltheinventionworks.That'sjust（2）happenedtoJamesMurraySpanglerin1907.Spanglerwasacleaneratadepartmentstore.Hestartedtoworkeverynightafterthe（3）.Helikedhisjob，butitwasalotofworktocleanallthatspace.Hewas（4）.Hewishedthatherewasabetterwaytocleanthestore'sfloor.Eachnightasheworked，he（5）abouttheproblem.Whatkindofmachinecouldhemake？Afterawhile，some（6）formedinhishead.Hefittedanoldbox，atape，apillowcase，anelectricfan，abroomhandandapaintrollertogether.Hetrieditathome.It（7）!Atlast，hedecidedtotakehis（8）tothestore.ApoliceofficerwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenhesawSpanglerusinghisinventionthroughthewindow.TheofficerwenttotelltheownerthatSpanglerwasdoingsomethingwitha（n）（9）machinethatmadealotofnoise.HethoughtSpanglerhadlosthis（10）.Theownerrushedtothestore.HetoldSpanglerthathewas（11）formessingaroundinsteadofdoinghisjob.Spanglertoldhimthathewasdoinghisjob（12）thaneverbefore.Heaskedtheshopownertolethim（13）howhismachineworked.（14），themanagreed.HewasshockedwhenSpanglermovedhismachineoverdirtandgumwrappers.Theydisappeared!Spanglerhadjustbuiltthefirstvacuumcleaner.Thenextyearhe（15）hisinventiontoafirmnamedHoover.Beforelongvacuumcleanerswereascommonasstovesinhomes.（1）A.hesitantB.determinedC.likelyD.scared（2）A.whichB.howC.whatD.that（3）A.closingB.openingC.managingD.buying（4）A.excitedB.frightenedC.worriedD.tired（5）A.thoughtB.arguedC.talkedD.brought（6）A.itemsB.ideasC.argumentsD.problems（7）A.workedB.changedC.stoppedD.arrived（8）A.boxB.fanC.rollerD.machine（9）A.oldB.strangeC.hugeD.special（10）A.mindB.timeC.lifeD.job（11）A.foundB.hiredC.firedD.blamed（12）A.betterB.worseC.busierD.slower（13）A.makeB.sayC.introduceD.show（14）A.AngryB.CuriousC.FrightenedD.Pleased（15）A.broughtB.tookC.soldD.gave7．（15分）閱讀下列材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheGreatWall，runningformorethan20，000kilometers，isahistoricallandmarkwithworldwidefame，but（1）（climb）itishard.Everyonemayhavesomeknowledgeofitmoreorless，whileonlyahandfulmayhavetheskillto（2）（physical）participateinitsrestoration（修復(fù)）.However，aWeChatminiprogram，GreatWallE﹣tour，isallowingeveryenthusiasttobeaheroinavirtualworld，in（3）onenotjustvisitstheGreatWall，butalsoprotectsit.Sofartheprogram（4）（attract）considerableattentionandgotalargefanbase.Around50，000highdefinitionpicturesoftheXipanjiakousiteoftheGreatWallareusedtoofferusersa（5）（remark）experience.LiuYuzhu，headoftheChinaFoundationforCulturalHeritageConservation，says"Wemadedocumentariesandpublishedanimatedbooksinthepast.Thesearepopular，buttheGreatWallis（6）complexstructureanddeservesmoreattention.Sowetriedsomethingnew."Liualsoadds，"Aseriesof（7）（program）likeourshavebeenlaunchedinChina，withacombination（8）publiceducationandrestorationofrelicsthroughdigitization."TheGreatWall（9）（list）asaUNESCOWorldCulturalHeritagesitein1987，thefirstof（10）（it）kindinChina.AsaChinese，Ifeelextremelyproud.書面表達（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）8．（15分）假定你是李華，你市將舉辦一場中國書法作品展。請寫封郵件邀請你的英國朋友Jim參加。內(nèi)容包括：（1）提出邀請；（2）展出簡介；（3）期待回復(fù)。注意：（1）詞數(shù)100左右；（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：書法calligraphy；書法家calligrapherDearJim，How'sitgoing？___________Yours，LiHua9．（25分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。Holidaysarenotnecessarilyforfunorrest.Doingsomethingmeaningfulcanalsogainspecialpleasure.Whenthefinalbellrang，thestudentswereremindedthattherewasnoschoolonMonday﹣theLaborDay."Enjoyyourextradayoff，"saidtheteachertoherclass.AnextradayoffunsuitedKaylajustfine.Shelovedbreaks.Shewantedtogoouttoplaywithherfriends.WhentheschoolbusdroppedKaylaoff，sheranintothehousehappily."Howwasschool，Kayla？"askedhermom.Kayla'smomwithalaugh.Kaylasleptinthenextmorning.Saturdaywasherfavoritedayoftheweek.Itrainsmostoftheday，soKaylaenjoyedplayingvideogamesinside.OnSunday，herfriendscameoverandtheyplayedbasketballofseveralhours.ThenitwasLaborDay，youknow，theextradayoffthatKaylawassolookingforwardto.ButKaylawasawakenedearlythatmorningbyherdad.HetoldKaylathatinhonorofLaborDay，thefamilywouldbecleaningbothinsideandoutsidethehouse.Kaylacouldn'tbelieveit.Thiswasaholiday.Adaywhenshewassupposedtobeenjoyingfreshlysqueezedlemonadewhileplayinginhertreehouse.AsKaylawipedhereyesshebegantowonderifthiswasjustabaddream."Kayla，yourbreakfastisready.Wehavealotofworktodotoday.Let'sgetamoveon，"saidKayla'smom.Asshesatdownatthekitchentable，Kaylaaskedherparents."Areyouseriousaboutworkingtoday？Isn'tLaborDayaholiday？""Yes，Kayla.Itis，"repliedherdad."ButyourmomandIthoughtworkinghardtodaywouldmakeyouappreciatewhyLaborDaywasobservedinthefirstplace."Paragraph1：Atfirst，Kaylafeltdisappointedatherparents'planfortheholiday.__________.Paragraph2：Butthingsbegantochangeasshewasdoingthechores.__________.

2023-2024學(xué)年河南省鄭州市中原區(qū)名校聯(lián)考高二（上）月考英語試卷（9月份）參考答案與試題解析閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50.0分）1．【分析】這段短文主要介紹了佛羅里達大學(xué)的入學(xué)要求和申請流程。申請者需要在截止日期前提交在線申請，并提供滿意的學(xué)術(shù)記錄。他們還需要在成就或自然能力測試（如SAT、ACT或TOEFL）中取得令人滿意的分數(shù)。申請者必須在申請中指定首選入學(xué)學(xué)期，但也可以考慮其他學(xué)期的申請。所有學(xué)生都需要有計算機，并使用適合學(xué)位課程的硬件和軟件。當(dāng)申請被批準時，學(xué)校會發(fā)送入學(xué)通知，如果學(xué)生不能在指定學(xué)期入學(xué)或希望考慮其他學(xué)期入學(xué)，應(yīng)立即通知招生辦公室?！窘獯稹浚?）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Applicantsmustprovideacompleterecordofschoolswhichtheyattended.（申請人必須提供所就讀學(xué)校的完整記錄。）可知申請者必須提供自己的教育經(jīng)歷。故選A。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ApplicantswhowishtochangetheirtermofentryshouldcontacttheOfficeofAdmissionsimmediately.（希望更改入學(xué)期限的申請人應(yīng)立即與招生辦公室聯(lián)系。）可知申請者可以更改入學(xué)期限。故選B。（3）文章出處題。通讀全文可知這段短文主要介紹了佛羅里達大學(xué)的入學(xué)要求和申請流程，應(yīng)屬于教育方面的內(nèi)容。故選C。【點評】做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。2．【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了作者遇到的學(xué)生Stephen的故事?！窘獯稹浚?）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Stephenlookedatme.Withasomewhatpainfulexpression，heaskedifmyclasswasgoingtobehardandifhewouldbeabletopass.（斯蒂芬看著我。他帶著一種有點痛苦的表情，問我的課會不會很難，他能不能通過。）可知，斯蒂芬?guī)е悬c痛苦的表情問作者是否能夠通過考試，由此推斷斯蒂芬對自己沒有自信。C．Hewasn'tveryconfidentabouthimself.（他對自己不太自信。）符合文意，故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Itoldhimtodoallofhisassignments，andtohandtheminontime.Ratherthanbeingoverwhelmed（壓倒）byallofthework，Itoldhimthemostsuccessfulstudentsmadeamastercalendarofalltheassignmentssotheycouldplantheirworkload.（我告訴他要完成所有的作業(yè)，并按時交上來。我告訴他，最成功的學(xué)生沒有被所有的作業(yè)壓垮，而是把所有的作業(yè)都做了一個主要學(xué)業(yè)的日歷，這樣他們就可以計劃自己的工作量。）可知，作者告訴斯蒂芬如何處理他的學(xué)業(yè)，即完成所有的作業(yè)，并按時上交，不要被作業(yè)所壓垮，而是要制定主要的學(xué)業(yè)日歷。故選B。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Stephendidn'tbecomeanAstudent.However，hemanagedtopassmostofhiscoursesbybeinginclasseveryday，turninginallofhisassignmentsontimeandbreakingdownhisstudyingintobite﹣sizedparts.（斯蒂芬沒有成為優(yōu)等生。然而，他每天都按時上課，按時交作業(yè)，把學(xué)習(xí)分成小塊，通過了大部分的課程。）以及Bypassingcourseaftercourse，hebegantogainameasureofself﹣confidence.（通過一門又一門的考試，他開始有了一定的自信。）可知，雖然斯蒂芬沒有成為優(yōu)等生，但是他按照作者的建議，按時完成自己的課業(yè)任務(wù)和作業(yè)，最后成功畢業(yè)，由此推斷斯蒂芬是個普通的學(xué)生，但很用功。故選A。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，講述的是Stephen對自己的學(xué)業(yè)不太自信，擔(dān)心課程會很難以及自己能否通過。作者告訴他要按時完成作業(yè)，并建議他制作一個學(xué)習(xí)計劃表。盡管Stephen不是頂尖學(xué)生，但通過每天上課、按時提交作業(yè)和將學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)分解為小部分，他終于通過了大部分課程，逐漸建立起自信心。最后成功地完成了學(xué)業(yè)?？芍琒tephen成功的經(jīng)驗，一是學(xué)習(xí)刻苦，二是分解困難，各個擊破。A.Onebiteatatime.（飯要一口一口吃，路要一步一步走。）符合文意，故選A?！军c評】做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項填寫出正確答案。3．【分析】本文介紹有機食品。有機食品有益于地球和人類，所以人們想增加有機耕作，目前世界各地都在提倡有機種植。【解答】（1）D.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句Sincethe1990s，organicfarmproductionhasgoneup20percenteveryyear.Thispatternisexpectedtocontinuearoundtheglobe.自20世紀90年代以來，有機農(nóng)場產(chǎn)量每年增長20%。這種模式預(yù)計將在全球范圍內(nèi)繼續(xù)下去?？芍?，世界各地有機農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)在持續(xù)增長。縱觀全文，這也是本文主題，故選D。（2）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中Notlongago，peoplecouldonlybuyorganicfoodinsmallshops.Todayitiscommoninmostmajorsupermarkets.Thereasonfortheincreaseisthatmoreandmorepeoplearedemandingfoodgrownwithoutchemicals.不久前，人們只能在小商店里購買有機食品。如今，它在大多數(shù)大型超市都很常見。增長的原因是越來越多的人要求不含化學(xué)物質(zhì)的食物?？芍袡C食品有益于地球和人類，人們現(xiàn)在對沒有化學(xué)品的有機食品需求持續(xù)增加，所以人們想增加有機種植。故選A。（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Australialeadstheworldinlandusedfororganicagriculture.Argentinaisadistantsecond，followedbyBrazil，theUnitedStatesandChina.澳大利亞在用于有機農(nóng)業(yè)的土地方面處于世界領(lǐng)先地位。阿根廷排在第二位，其次是巴西、美國和中國?？芍?，美國是第四大有機農(nóng)業(yè)國家。故選C。（4）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中LikeIndia，manycountriesaretryingtoincreasecommercialorganicfarmingtogetashareofthesales.Thishasledtocriticism.（像印度一樣，許多國家都在努力增加商業(yè)有機農(nóng)業(yè)以獲得銷售份額。）可推知，如果有機食品需求下降，有機農(nóng)場就會減少。故選A。【點評】1．直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原文基本一致的題目。2．間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原文信息進行轉(zhuǎn)換。3．綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析。4．【分析】這篇文章討論了人類和機器人合作處理在線訂單的可能性。密蘇里大學(xué)的研究人員正在開發(fā)一種軟件模型，旨在使運輸機器人更加智能，以加快在線交付過程。目前，完成在線訂單需要大量的人力和勞動成本。為了優(yōu)化這個過程，機器人公司已經(jīng)開發(fā)出了合作機器人，也被稱為自主移動機器人，它們配備有傳感器和攝像頭，可以在倉庫或分發(fā)中心工作。然而，這些機器人的抓取能力不強，因此研究人員正在試圖平衡人力和機器人的優(yōu)勢?！窘獯稹浚?）詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段Tohelpoptimizethisprocess，roboticcompanieshavealreadydevelopedcooperativerobots，alsoknownascobotsorautonomousmobilerobots（AMRs），toworkinawarehouseordistributioncenter.（為了幫助優(yōu)化這一過程，機器人公司已經(jīng)開發(fā)了協(xié)作機器人，也被稱為協(xié)作機器人或自主移動機器人（amr），在倉庫或配送中心工作）可知，機器人公司為了優(yōu)化這一過程，開發(fā)了協(xié)作機器人，而這一過程就是劃線單詞所在句子所提到的問題，所以可推測collaboration應(yīng)該是合作之意和D項Cooperation意思相近。A．Technology.科技；B．Similarity.相似性；C．Exploration.探索；D．Cooperation.合作。故選D項。（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段AMRsareequippedwithsensorsandcamerastohelpthemnavigate（確定方向）aroundacontrolledspacelikeawarehouse.（AMR配備了傳感器和攝像頭，以幫助它們在像倉庫這樣的受控空間內(nèi)導(dǎo)航）可知，AMRs上配備的傳感器的功能是指引方向。故選C項。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Theonedrawbackisthattheserobotsdonothavegoodgraspingabilities，"saidSrinivas."Buthumansaregoodatgraspingitems，sowearetryingtobalancethestrengthofbothresources.（"一個缺點是這些機器人沒有很好的抓取能力，"斯里尼瓦斯說。"但人類擅長抓東西，所以我們正試圖平衡這兩種資源的優(yōu)勢。"）可知，AMRs的缺點是沒有很好的抓取能力。故選D項。（4）標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段Imagineateamofhumansandrobotsworkingtogethertoprocessonlineorders.Real﹣lifeworkersstrategicallypositionedamongtheirautomatedcoworkerswhoaremovingintelligentlybackandforthinawarehouse（倉庫）space，pickingitemsforshippingtothecustomer.（想象一下，一個由人類和機器人組成的團隊共同處理在線訂單。真實的員工策略性地定位于他們的自動化同事之間，這些自動化同事在倉庫空間中智能地來回移動，挑選物品運送給客戶）以及第二段ThiscouldbecomearealitysoonerorlaterthankstoresearchersattheUniversityofMissouri，whoareworkingtospeeduptheonlinedeliveryprocessbydevelopingasoftwaremodeldesignedtomaketransportrobotssmarter.（這遲早會成為現(xiàn)實，這要感謝密蘇里大學(xué)的研究人員，他們正在開發(fā)一種軟件模型，旨在使運輸機器人更智能，從而加快在線運輸過程）可知，本文主要介紹了使運輸機器人更加的智能，所以C項"MakingTransportRobotsSmarter（讓運輸機器人更智能）"是本文最好的標題。A．TheSimpleUseofRobots機器人的簡單使用；B．WarehouseWorkersandRobots倉庫工人和機器人；C．MakingTransportRobotsSmarter讓運輸機器人更智能；D．TransportRobotsInventedbySharan沙朗發(fā)明的運輸機器人。故選C項?！军c評】做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。5．【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了肢體語言可以幫助人們傳遞信息，但是同一種姿勢可能會因文化不同而產(chǎn)生不同的含義?！窘獯稹浚?）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文Languageisapartofcultureandplaysaveryimportantroleinit.（語言是文化的一部分，在文化中起著非常重要的作用。）可知，上文主要說明了語言的重要性，C項與上文中的"Languageisapartofcultureandplaysaveryimportantroleinit."為順承關(guān)系，指出了語言在文化中的重要性。C項中的language、culture與上文中的Language、culture為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系。C選項"Withoutlanguage，culturewouldnotbepossible.沒有語言，就不可能有文化。"符合語境，故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Bodymovement，eyecontact，gesture，andfacialexpressionareotherformsoflanguagewecallnonverbalcommunication.（身體動作、眼神交流、手勢和面部表情是我們稱之為非語言交流的其他形式的語言。）以及后文AccordingtoSocialAnthropologist，EdwardT.Hall，inanormalconversationbetweentwopersons，lessthan15%ofsocialmeaningistransmitted（傳達）bywords.（根據(jù)社會人類學(xué)家愛德華t霍爾的說法，在兩人之間的正常對話中，只有不到15%的社會意義是通過語言傳遞的。）可知，本句對上文進行了進一步的解釋說明，D項中的"nonverbalcommunication"與上文中的"nonverbalcommunication"為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系。此外，下文中引用的EdwardTHall的發(fā)現(xiàn)是對D項的進一步解釋。D選項"Bodylanguagemakesupthelargestpartofournonverbalcommunication.肢體語言在我們的非語言交流中占了很大一部分。"符合語境，故選D。（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofusingnonverbalcommunicationandpeoplehavedifferentgesturestoconveytheirexpressions.However，nonverbalcommunication，liketraffic，isnotrandom（隨意的）；ithasapurpose.（不同的文化有不同的使用非語言交流的方式，人們有不同的手勢來表達他們的表情。然而，非語言交流，就像交通一樣，不是隨機的；它是有目的的。）可知，上文主要提到了非語言交流的方式是有目的的，故本句繼續(xù)提到非語言交流背后的規(guī)則，B項中的"therearecommonrulestoguideitsflow"與上文中的"isnotrandom"相照應(yīng)；its指代上文中的"nonverbalcommunication"。B選項"Andtherearecommonrulestoguideitsflow.有一些共同的規(guī)則來引導(dǎo)它的流動。"符合語境，故選B。（4）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)下文Forexample，"arms"，whichareusedlittlebyNordicsduringaconversation，areanimportantelementinone'scommunicativeweaponry（武器）inItaly，Spain，andSouthAmerica.（例如，arms一詞在北歐人的談話中很少使用，但在意大利、西班牙和南美，它是交際武器的重要組成部分。）指出了同一個詞語在不同文化中有不同的含義，可知，本句與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，指出非語言交際有不同的模式。E選項"Butindifferentculturesnonverbalcommunicationtakesondifferentpatterns.但是在不同的文化中，非語言交際有不同的模式。"符合語境，故選E。（5）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)后文Inthesecultures，oneshouldstandwithfeetpressedtogetherandhandsinterlaced（交錯）infrontofthebody.InculturessuchasAmerica，whereyouoftenstandwithyourfeetshoulderlengthapart，armsatyourside，standinginthisfashionmightbeinterpretedasbeingshyandinsecure.（在這些文化中，一個人應(yīng)該站在前面，兩腳并攏，雙手交叉。在像美國這樣的文化中，你經(jīng)常雙腳分開站著，手臂放在身體兩側(cè)，這樣站著可能會被理解為害羞和沒有安全感。）可知，本句與下文為順承關(guān)系，指出非洲文化中應(yīng)使用的正確站姿。G項中的standing與下文中的stand及standing為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系。G選項"InAfrica，standinginatoo"open"fashion，meansthatyourposturemightbeinappropriate.在非洲，站得太'開放'意味著你的姿勢可能不合適。"符合語境，故選G。【點評】七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個選詞，一個選句子。解題時，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）6．【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。這篇文章講述了詹姆斯?穆雷?斯潘格勒在1907年發(fā)明了第一臺吸塵器的故事。【解答】（1）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.hesitant猶豫的；B.determined決心的；C.likely可能的；D.scared害怕的。句意：任何人都可以做出發(fā)明，只要他或她有想法，并決心一次又一次地嘗試，直到發(fā)明成功。根據(jù)前文"tryagainandagain"可知，只要他或她有想法，并決心一次又一次地嘗試，任何人都可以做出發(fā)明。故選B。（2）考查表語從句引導(dǎo)詞及語境理解。A.which哪一個；B.how如何；C.what什么；D.that那個。句意：這就是1907年發(fā)生在詹姆斯?默里?斯潘格勒身上的事情。根據(jù)"happened"可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是表語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，意為"發(fā)生的什么"。故選C。（3）考查名詞及語境理解。A.closing關(guān)閉；B.opening開放；C.managing管理；D.buying購買。句意：每晚打烊后他就開始工作。根據(jù)前文"Hestartedtoworkeverynight"可知，夜間，在商店打烊后他開始工作。故選A。（4）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.excited興奮的；B.frightened害怕的；C.worried擔(dān)心的；D.tired疲倦的。句意：他累了。根據(jù)前文"itwasalotofworktocleanallthatspace."可知，清理所有的空間是很費功夫的，所以他很疲勞。故選D。（5）考查動詞及語境理解。A.thought思考；B.argued爭論；C.talked談話；D.brought帶來。句意：每天晚上工作時，他都會思考這個問題。根據(jù)后文"Whatkindofmachinecouldhemake？"可知，他每天都在思考——到底應(yīng)該制造什么樣的機器解決該問題。故選A。（6）考查名詞及語境理解。A.items物品；B.ideas想法C.arguments爭論；D.problems問題。句意：過了一會兒，他腦子里形成了一些想法。根據(jù)下文"inhishead"可知，在他的腦子里形成了一些想法。故選B。（7）考查動詞及語境理解。A.worked奏效；B.changed改變；C.stopped停止；D.arrived到達。句意：它奏效了。根據(jù)前文"Hetrieditathome."以及"Atlast，hedecidedtotakehis（8）tothestore."可知，在經(jīng)過嘗試之后，他發(fā)明的設(shè)備奏效了，于是他把這個機器