高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)-第一部分-教材梳理-Unit-3-A-healthy-life-市賽課公開課一等獎省

Unit3Ahealthylife1/47關(guān)鍵單詞abusestressstressfulstressed1．________n．&vt.濫用；虐待2．_________n．壓力；重音vt.加壓力于；使擔(dān)心→__________adj.產(chǎn)生壓力；擔(dān)心→__________adj.焦慮不安；感到有壓力bandue3．________vt.禁止；取締n．禁令；訓(xùn)斥4.________adj.欠款；預(yù)定；到期2/47addictedaddictaddictioaccustom5．________adj.入了迷；上了癮→________n．有癮人vt.使沉溺；使上癮→________n．沉溺；癖好6．________vt.使習(xí)慣于→____________adj.慣常；習(xí)慣了accustomedautomaticautomatically7．___________adj.無意識；自動→______________adv.無意識地；自動地mentalmentally8．________adj.精神；智力→__________adv.精神上；智力上effect9．________n．結(jié)果；效力3/47unfitfitnessfitstrengthenstrength

10．________adj.不健康；不適當(dāng)；不合格→________n．健康→________adj.健康；適當(dāng)11．__________vt.加強(qiáng)；鞏固；使堅(jiān)強(qiáng)vi.變強(qiáng)→________n．力量；力氣→________adj.強(qiáng)壯strongdesperate12．___________adj.絕望；拼命disappointed

13．____________adj.失望；沮喪→______________adj.令人失望→_________vt.使失望；使掃興→____________n．失望

disappointingdisappointdisappointment4/47

14．__________adj.感到慚愧或羞恥→________n．慚愧→___________adj.可恥→___________adj.無恥；厚顏15．_______________n．了解(力)comprehension16．________adj.不正當(dāng)；違法→________adj.正當(dāng)17．_________n．幸存→_________v．幸存；生還18．__________n．偏見；成見illegallegal19．__________n．看法；判決；判斷→________v．判斷20．___________adj.尷尬；陷入困境→____________v．(使)尷尬→________________n．尷尬survival21．________adj.局促不安；拙笨surviveprejudiceashamedshameshamefulshamelessjudgementjudgeembarrassedembarrassembarrassmentawkward5/47?？级陶Zdueaddictedaccustomed1．________to因?yàn)椤?．be___________to對……有癮3．be_____________to習(xí)慣于……4.________on對V決定5．________like(doing)想要(做)……6．in________of不顧；不論7．take________(a________)冒險decidefeelspiterisksrisk6/478．________into陷入；染上(壞習(xí)慣)9．________risk處境危險；遭受危險10．_______an________on對……有影響11．________away扔掉getathaveeffectthrow7/47經(jīng)典佳句Itseemsamazingthat

1．________________________________atmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafternoon.像我這么年紀(jì)，身體健康而且能在一個下午騎車跑20公里，感到詫異吧。 2．________________________，ifyoudothesamethingoverandoveragain,youbegintodoitautomatically.正如你所知，假如你重復(fù)做同一件事情，你就會開始自動地去做。 3．________________________________becauseIwantyoutoliveaslongandhealthyalifeasIhave.我真希望你能那樣做，因?yàn)槲遗沃阋材芟裎乙粯咏】甸L壽。AsyouknowIdohopeso8/47

4．Itisnoteasytostopsmoking,butmillionshave________toquitand________________________.戒煙不輕易，但幾百萬人都成功地戒掉了煙，所以你也能。managed

5．Youcantellbylookingatsomeone________________________theyhaveHIV.你能夠經(jīng)過觀察一個人是否攜帶HIVsocanyou來區(qū)分。

ornotwhether9/47課文回顧addictedhavingmentally

James'grandfatherwrotetohelpJamesquitsmoking.James'grandfatheroncebecame1._________(addict)tocigarettesinthreeways.Hisbodywasaccustomedto2．_________(have)nicotine.Hebegantodoitautomaticallyandbecame3._________(mental)addicted.Buthefinallymanagedtostop4._________realizingtheharmful5.________(effect)ofit.HealsotoldJamesthatsmoking6.________damagetoheartandlungsanditwasmore7.________(difficulty)forsmokingcouplestobecomepregnant.8.________hegaveJamessomeadviceandencouragedhimnottobe9.___________(disappoint)．Ifhekept10.________(try),hewouldsucceedeventually.wheneffectsdiddifficultSodisappointedtrying10/47

單句語法填空 1．(年江蘇卷·閱讀了解B)Thisobservationhintsthat________(effect)embryoniclearningcouldsignalneurological(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng))strengthsofchildrentoparents. 2．(年江蘇卷·閱讀了解D)Thelossofglaciers(冰川)theredue________globalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.effectiveto11/47

3．Tom'sparentsareworriedthatheis________tothecomputergameswhichare________tochildren.(addict) 4．Themanhadsolittleeducationthathewas________(fit)forthisjob.addictedaddictiveunfit5．Facedwithsuchan______________matter,shereallyfelt_____________.(embarrass)embarrassingembarrassed

6．Asweknow,everyonehasbothstrengthsand___________(weak)．Therefore，weshouldn'tlookdownuponwhoeverlooksweak.weaknesses12/47strengthenstressfulstressed

7．Weallagreedonanideato____________(strong)thecooperationbetweenourtwoparties. 8．Aftera___________weekofwork,alltheemployeeswereextremely____________andtired.(stress) 9．Itseems___________(amaze)thathecanwalksuchalongway.amazingon10．Decide___________adaytoquitsmoking.13/471．stressn．壓力；重音vt.加壓力于；使擔(dān)心lay/put/placestresson把重點(diǎn)放在……上；強(qiáng)調(diào)……understress在壓力之下underthestressof為……所迫stresstheimportanceof強(qiáng)調(diào)……主要性stressfuladj.產(chǎn)生壓力；擔(dān)心(普通指物)stressedadj.感到有壓力(普通指人)14/47

【寫作佳句】

IsupportSusan'sopinioncompletelythatasagoodgift,weoughttolaystressonthegiver'sheartratherthanitsprice.我完全同意蘇珊觀點(diǎn)，一份好禮品，我們應(yīng)該看重送禮人心意stressfulstressedunder而不是禮品本身價格。

利用 單句語法填空

(1)Aftera________(stress)weekofwork,alltheemployeesweretired. (2)Katycouldthinkclearlywhennot________(stress)． (3)Weforgavehisbadtemperbecauseweknewthathisson'sillnesshadputhim________greatstress.15/47

2．a(chǎn)shamedadj.感到慚愧或羞恥

beashamedofsb.為某人慚愧beashamedofoneselffordoing...某人因做了……而感到慚愧

beashamedtodo...恥于做……；因做……而慚愧 It'sashame/pitythat...……是令人遺憾事。辨析ashamed,shameful和shameless

(1)ashamed是指“感到羞恥；以為慚愧”，表示主語主觀認(rèn)為可恥，只能做表語。 (2)shameful表示事物本身客觀性質(zhì)是“可恥”，可做表語或定語。 (3)shameless意為“無恥；沒有廉恥；不要臉”。16/47利用單句語法填空(1)Heisashamed________hisfailure.(2)Hewasashamedofhimself________beingbehindhiswork.offorshame(3)Itisa________(shameful)thatsheisn'theretoseeit.17/473．effectn．結(jié)果；效力haveaneffect/influence/impacton對……有影響put/bring/oeffect付諸實(shí)施ineffect實(shí)際上；實(shí)際上takeeffect生效；奏效comeintoeffect開始實(shí)施；開始生效sideeffect副作用effectiveadj.有影響；有效18/47辨析effect和affect

(1)effect做名詞時，意為“結(jié)果；影響”；做動詞時，意為“使發(fā)生；實(shí)現(xiàn)”，如：toeffectachange/recovery/cure產(chǎn)生改變；實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)蘇；產(chǎn)生療效。 (2)affect做動詞時，意為“影響；感染；侵襲”；做名詞時，意為“情感；引發(fā)感情原因”。19/47利用單句語法填空(1)Thisregulationcame________effectfromDecember1st,.intoon/uponininto

(2)IamwritingtotellyouthatthefinlessporpoiseintheYangtzeRiverisbecomingextinctbecausehumans'activitieshaveabadeffect___________them. (3)Someancientlawsarestill________effect. (4)Itwon'tbeeasytoputthechanges________effect.20/474．riskn．冒險；風(fēng)險vt.冒……風(fēng)險；冒做某事風(fēng)險

atrisk處境危險；遭受挫折 atallrisks＝atanyrisk不論冒什么險，不論怎樣 atone'sownrisk由自己負(fù)責(zé)，自擔(dān)風(fēng)險 attheriskofdoingsth.冒著……危險 riskone'slife冒生命危險 riskdoingsth.冒險做……

【寫作佳句】

Thesoldierwaswillingtoriskhislifetosavehismotherland.為了挽救祖國，這個士兵寧愿冒犧牲他自己性命危險。21/47利用單句語法填空(1)Youaretakingabigriskin________(trust)him.(2)Hedecidedtogetthereeven________theriskofhislife.(3)Anymanwhosmokescigarettesisrisking________(lose)hislife.trustingatlosingown(4)Ifyoudon'tobeyme,youshouldbeatyour________risk.22/471．decideon對……作出決定decidetodo決定做……decidefor作出對……有利決定decideagainstdoing決定不做……make/cometo/arriveat/reachadecision作出決定【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】decisionn．決定decisiveadj.決定性；關(guān)鍵23/47decidedadj.明白無誤；確實(shí)無問題undecidedadj.未拿定主意；猶豫不決利用單句語法填空

(1)Evenifyoudecide________acareerinscience,it'sstillimportanttogotohumanitiesclasses. (2)Hedecidedagainst__________(take)partintheEnglishspeechcontest.ontakingdecision

(3)Whenit'stimetomakea___________(decide),mybossseemstosoliciteveryone'sopinion.24/472．feellike(doing)想要(做)……wouldliketodosth.想要做某事wouldlikesb.todosth.希望/想要某人做某事【名師指津】

feellike基本意義是“感覺像……；摸起來像……”。類似短語還有：seemlike,looklike,soundlike等，其中l(wèi)ike都是介詞。25/47利用單句語法填空

(1)Iwouldn'tliketogoforawalk.Ifeellike_________(stay)athomereadingthisnovel. (2)Iwouldlikeyou__________(help)mybrotherwithhisEnglish.stayingtohelptobuy(3)Iwouldlike__________(buy)acopyofthedictionary.26/473．inspiteof不顧；不論inspiteofoneself不由自主地inspiteofthefactthat＋(從句)盡管實(shí)際上……辨析inspiteof,despite,though和although

這四個詞(組)意思相近，但inspiteof/despite其后跟名詞或動名詞。而though/although是連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。27/47利用單句語法填空(1)Inspite________allhisfaults,heisstillagoodcomrade.(2)Inspiteofthefact________hewascareful,hewasalwaysindebt.ofthatin

(3)Iknowwhateveryoutry,you'llwin________spiteofearlydifficulties.28/474．getinto陷入；染上(壞習(xí)慣)；著手getintotrouble惹上麻煩；陷入困境getintodebt負(fù)債累累getintothehabitof養(yǎng)成……習(xí)慣getoutofthehabitof...戒掉……習(xí)慣【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】getacross(使)經(jīng)過；(使)被了解；(把……)講清楚getalongwith進(jìn)展；相處getaway逃脫；離開getover克服困難；痊愈；爬過；越過getthrough經(jīng)過；接通電話getdownto開始做某事29/47利用用適當(dāng)介詞或副詞填空

(1)Thegirlhasgot________thehabitofplayingwithherhairwhilereading. (2)Asmilecanhelpusget________difficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers. (3)AfterChristmasI'mgoingtogetdown________someseriousjob-hunting.intoovertoaway

(4)Iwon'thaveyougetting________withcheatingintheexam.30/47原句1ItseemsamazingthatatmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafternoon.像我這么年紀(jì)，身體健康而且能在一個下午騎車跑20公里，感到詫異吧。 Itseems＋adj.＋that引導(dǎo)主語從句。it做形式主語，指代是后面“atmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafternoon”。引導(dǎo)主語從句連詞有：連接代詞(whom,what,which等)，連接副詞(whom,where,how和why)及隸屬連詞that/whether。31/47利用單句語法填空

(1)Itseems________(amaze)thatafterclassJackstillstayedintheclassroomtocontinuehisreading. (2)________amazesusisthatwecangetinformationaboutwhatishappeningaroundtheworldinafewsecondsonline. (3)________seemsthatlightenergywillbeanimportantsubjectofscientificresearchinthefuture.amazingWhatIt32/47原句2IdohopesobecauseIwantyoutoliveaslongandhealthyalifeasIhave.我真希望你能那樣做，因?yàn)槲遗沃阋材芟裎乙粯咏】甸L壽。 (1)該句中“Idohopeso”為一個特殊形式強(qiáng)調(diào)。

“do/does/did＋動詞原形”組成強(qiáng)調(diào)句，意為“確實(shí)，確”，用來加強(qiáng)謂語動詞語氣，但須符合以下條件：句子是必定句；句子時態(tài)為普通現(xiàn)在時或普通過去時。 (2)該句中“aslongandhealthyalifeasIhave”為比較結(jié)構(gòu)，其句式為“as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as...”意為“和……一樣……”。33/47利用單句語法填空(1)Tomygreatjoy,theplant___________(do)lookexactlylikewhatwewerelookingfor.does/didas

(2)Asamatteroffact,gettingridofabadhabitisasmucheffort__________formingagoodone.34/47原句3Itisnoteasytostopsmoking,butmillionshavemanagedtoquitandsocanyou.戒煙不輕易，但幾百萬人都成功地戒掉了煙，所以你也能。 句中“socanyou”為“so＋be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示前面所述情況也適合用于后者。

注意：(1)“Nor/Neither＋be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”，表示前面否定陳說也適合用于后者。

(2)“So＋主語＋be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞”，表示對前面所述內(nèi)容深入證實(shí)或必定。35/47利用單句語法填空(1)Maryisfriendlytoourclassmatesandso________you.(2)Mybrotherlikesplayingthepianoandso________I.(3)Hewon'tgotothefootballmatchtonight.Neither________I.aredowilldid(4)—IheardTomgotthefirstprizeinthecontest.—Yes.Sohe________.36/47mentaltheaddictedhavingIt

利用所學(xué)語言基礎(chǔ)知識，補(bǔ)充完整下面短文，并背誦下來 Inordertorelax1.________(mentally)stress,manypeople,especiallyadolescents,getinto2．________habitofsmoking.Thepersonwhobeginstosmokewillbecome3.________(addict)tocigarettesandeventuallyhewillbeaccustomedto4._________(have)nicotineinhisbody.5._______iswellknownthatsmokingdoesharmtothehealthof6.__________(smoke)aswellasthe

smokers37/47whichproductionillegalquittingpeoplearound,andalotofpeopledieoflungcancerandheartdiseaseduetosmoking.What'sworse,cigarettes,7.________areveryexpensive,wastealotofmoneyandmaycausefire.Soitisnecessaryforthegovernmenttoreducethe8.__________(produce)oftobaccoandmakesmoking9.________(legal)sothatsmokerswilldecideon10._________(quit)smoking.38/47語法填空(四)

語法填空常考點(diǎn)之有提醒詞(4)——謂語動詞與非謂語動詞

語法填空題中包括謂語動詞和非謂語動詞題是高考重要內(nèi)容，10個空中普通有3－6個，括號內(nèi)給了動詞，關(guān)鍵是要判斷句子中是需要謂語還是非謂語動詞，是需要謂語動詞則要考慮謂語動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)、人稱單復(fù)數(shù)、語氣等，假如需要非謂語動詞，則考慮是不定式、動名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞。39/474．不定式

首先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，若句子中已經(jīng)有謂語動詞且不是并列謂語時，需考慮非謂語動詞。然后分析非謂語動詞在句中做何成分，再依據(jù)各非謂語動詞特點(diǎn)確定填哪種形式。對于不定式考查，需注意不定式時態(tài)和語態(tài)，熟記?？冀硬欢ㄊ阶鲑e語動詞以及一些常考句式。40/47

【例】(年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷·語法填空)...Theyarerequired__63__(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions...解析：toprocess考查不定式。句意：他們被要求加工食物。require表示“要求”，requiresb.todosth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被動形式為“sb.berequiredtodosth.”，表示“某人被要求做某事”。故填toprocess。41/471．Sincetheplantstookawhiletogrow，hestartedcuttingdowntrees________(sell)thewood.解析：tosell砍樹目標(biāo)是賣錢，故這里用動