2023年山西省晉中市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題(含答案)

2023年山西省晉中市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英

語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題（含答案）

學(xué)校:班級(jí):姓名:考號(hào):

一、l.Writing（10題）

1.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitled

FoodSafetyProblem.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.Followingthe

outlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.我國(guó)食品市場(chǎng)存在的問(wèn)題。

2.怎樣解決食品安全問(wèn)題。

3.結(jié)論。

2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacomposition

onthetopicIncomeSourcesofAmericanandChinesestudents.Youshould

writeatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.根據(jù)圖標(biāo)說(shuō)明中美大學(xué)生的來(lái)源

2.分析可能產(chǎn)生這種不同現(xiàn)象的原因

3.提出個(gè)人的建議

IncomeSources\SubjectsAmericanStudentsChineseStudents

Parents50%90%

Part~timejobs36%6%

Scholarship14%4%

3.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay

entitledOnForeigners'LearningChinese.Youshouldwriteatleast150words

followingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

L目前，國(guó)久“漢語(yǔ)熱”持續(xù)升溫

2.出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的主要原因

3.“漢語(yǔ)熱”給我的啟示

OnForeigners'LearningChinese

4.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteaninquiry

lettertoafriend.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutline

givenbelow.

假設(shè)你有一位居住在美國(guó)紐約的好友(DavidJohnson)。你寫信告訴他你

已被錄取為紐約大學(xué)的研究生，即將在今年9月赴美學(xué)習(xí)，向他詢問(wèn)有

關(guān)事宜。信件內(nèi)容要求如下：

1.問(wèn)候朋友并告知自己的好消息

2.詢問(wèn)關(guān)于在紐約留學(xué)的生活情況，如能否在學(xué)校附近找到住處，以及

朋友有何生活上的建議等

3,希望他早日回信，并盼望在不久的將來(lái)能和他在紐約見(jiàn)面

AnInquiryLettertoaFriend

5.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopic

ofShouldSchoolsOfferHandwritingLessons?.Youshouldwriteatleast150

wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.有人認(rèn)為學(xué)校應(yīng)該開(kāi)設(shè)書(shū)法課

2.有人則反對(duì)

3.我的看法

ShouldSchoolsOfferHandwritingLessons?

6.1.舉例說(shuō)明水對(duì)人類的重要性

2.舉例說(shuō)明我國(guó)所面臨的水資源問(wèn)題

3.為了生存和發(fā)展人們要……

7.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealetter.You

shouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowin

Chinese:

假如你是李靜，你想向校長(zhǎng)申請(qǐng)參加西部大開(kāi)發(fā)，你要給校長(zhǎng)寫一封信,

信的內(nèi)容包括：

1.表達(dá)自己想要參加西部大開(kāi)發(fā)的愿望；

2.簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明自己的理由。

8.Directions:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay

OnExaminations.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutine

givenbelow.

1.補(bǔ)考是大學(xué)教育的一部分

2.補(bǔ)考的利與弊

3.如何發(fā)揮補(bǔ)考的作用

OnRemedialExamination

9.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay

entitledThePhenomenonofEmptyNest.Youshouldwriteatleast150words

followingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

注：“空巢老人”指那到了退休年齡，身邊卻無(wú)子女與之共同生活的老人。

1.如今的空巢老人逐漸增多

2.這種現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的原因

3.如何解決由此帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題

10.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay

entitledCollegeStudents'CourseChoiceandItsChangein5Universities.

Youshouldwriteathast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow

1.描述圖表一中的專業(yè)課程選修人數(shù)特征

2.描述2007午的數(shù)據(jù)和2006年數(shù)據(jù)的變化

3.你不需要對(duì)兩個(gè)表格的數(shù)據(jù)給出自己的分析

Table1:

CollegeStudents'CourseChoice

1

n20

00

80

Thousands60

40

ofStudents20

Table2:

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10題)

11.

Whenrentinganofficespace,aclientneedstopayaccordingto,not

theusablespace.

12.It'sadvisedtoextendyourprofessionalintereststofieldsthatcomplement

andleveragethework

13.

BeforeRachelSasserreluctantlydatedwithhim,sheknewherboyfriend

A.isverycharmingandromantic

B.pleasesgirlsbytellingromanticstories

C.datedwithatmost5girls

D.hastherichexperiencewithgirls

14.TheSciencethatImitatesNature'sMechanisms

AEuropeanindustrialistnotlongagobecameverysuspiciousaboutAmerican

purposesandintentionsincertainareasofscientificresearch.Helearnedby

chancethattheUnitedStateswassigningcontractswithscientistsinEngland,

France,Italy,Germany,Belgium,Sweden,Uruguay,Chile,Argentina,

Australia,andothercountries,callingforresearchintosuchmattersasthe

functionofthefrog'seyeandthelearningabilityoftheoctopus.

Itseemedtotheindustrialistthatsuchstudiescouldnotpossiblyhaveany

practicalvalue.HeseriouslybelievedthattheUnitedStateswasemploying

theforeignscientiststodomeaninglessworkandoccupytheirtime,while

Americanscientistswerebusyinthereallyimportantareasofscience.He

wasunawareofthefactthattheUnitedStateswasspendingmuchmore

moneyathomethanabroadforsimilarstudies.

Naturedoesthingsbetterthanpeople

Actually,theresearchhequestionedinvolvesafieldofsciencesonewthat

mostpeoplehaveneverheardofit.Namedbionicsin1960,thisscienceisthe

studyoflivingcreatures,astudyinsearchofprincipleapplicableto

engineering.Naturehasoperatedavastlaboratoryfortwobillionyears,and

bionicsprobesthesecretsofthemarvelous"special-purpose"mechanisms

thathavedeveloped.

Takethefrog'seyeforexample.Afrogeatsonlyliveinsects,anditseye

instantlyspotsamovingflywithinreachofitstongue.Youcansurrounda

frogwithdead(thereforemotionless)flies,anditwillneverknowtheyare

there.

Ifwecancompletelyunderstandthemechanicofthefrog'seye,wecan

developa"mapreadingeye"formissilesanda"pattern—recognitioneye"for

ourbasicairdefensesystemcalledSAGE(semi-automaticground

environment).SAGEisbadlyoverworked.Itsinternationalnetworkofradar

"EYES"suppliesatremendousmassofunimportantdetailsaboutmeteorites,

clouds,flightsofducks,geese,andfriendlyplanes,anditsometimesgets

confused.Untilwecanbuildamechanicalfrog'seyeintoSAGE,itwill

remainsomewhatinefficient.

Militaryandcivilianuses

Thefrog'seyeholdspromiseincivilianlife,too.Forexample,atmostmajor

airportstheairtrafficproblem—with20millionflightsperyeartohandle-has

reachedacriticalstage.Wemustdevelopbetterdevicesformonitoringand

controllingairtraffic.

Special-purposemechanismasexcitingasthefrog'seyecanbefound

throughoutnature.Thebatisunderstudybecausethebat'ssonarismuchmore

efficientthanman-madesonar.Bybouncingsupersonicsqueaksoffobjects

aroundhim,thebatfliesaboutwithremarkableskills.Abatcanflythrough

adarkroomstrungwithdozensofpianowiresandnevertouchasinglewire.

ThemosquitoisunderstudybecauseweneedtosolvetheproblemofStatic

thatlessenstheefficiencyofourcommunicationssystems.Amosquito,

simplybyvibratingitswings,cansetupahumthatwillcutthroughany

interferingnoise(manornaturecancreateloudwhistlesorthunder,for

instance)andgiveamessagetoanothermosquito150feetaway.

Electricalsystem

Theoreticallyatleastweshouldbeabletocopythesemechanismsfoundin

nature,forallbiologicalorganisms-frommosquitotofrogtoman—areinpart

actuallyelectricalsystems.Thesenseorgansthat"connect"allanimalstothe

outsideworldaremerelytransducers—instrumentslikeamicrophone,TV

camera,orphonographpickuparm—whichconvertoneform,ofenergyinto

another.Amicrophone,forexample,convertssoundintoelectricalsignals

whicharecarriedtoaloudspeakerandconvertedbackintosoundwaves.

Similarly,thenervecellsofaman'searconvertacryforhelpintoelectrical

pulseswhicharespedoverhisnervoussystemtothebrain.Thebrainreceives

thes

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

Acouplemaygetdivorcediftheycantestifythattheirrelationshiphasbroken

downirreparably.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

IntheUnitedStates,peopleusuallyspendabout80-90%ofourtimeinside

buildings.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Ifthereasonwhyachildhatesschoolisfound,canalwaysbefound.

18.NewHopesforPreventingAIDS

Thesuccessofanti-retroviral(抑止月中瘤病毒)drugsintreatingHIVisgetting

researchersatthe16thInternationalAIDSconferenceexcitedattheprospect

thatthepotentmedicinesmightbeexploitedtoperform,doubleduty.Why

notusethepoweroftheseARVstopreventanHIVtransmissionorinfection

fromtakingholdinthefirstplace?BillandMelindaGatesaskedthat

provocativequestionontheopeningdayoftheconference,andare

committingtheirconsiderablefinancialresourcestowardfindingananswer.

Intheirremarks,theyhighlightedtheneedtodevelopmicrobicidesandoral-

preventiondrugswhilewewaitforavaccine.Andtheywillgettheirfirsthint

athowsmarttheirdecisionwasthisThursday,whenscientistsfromWest

Africareporttheinitialresultsfromthefirsttrialstudyinganoralprevention

drug.

SohowrealisticaretheGatesinexpectingevenmorefromtheARVs?"Ido

thinktherangeofpreventionoptionswehavewithinthenextdecadewill

greatlyexpand,"saysDr.HeleneGayle,PresidentofCareUSAandco-chair

oftheconference."Thebiologicplausibilityforbothmicrobicidesandoral-

preventiondragsissogreat."Dr.MarkDybul,U.S.GlobalAIDSCoordinator,

saidthatifamicrobicideorpreventiondrugbecomesavailabletoprotect

peoplefrominfections,theywouldbefundedunderthePresident's

EmergencyPlanforAIDSReliefifcountrieschosetousethem."Wewould

supportallofthat;itwouldbeperfectlywithinourmandatetodoallthat,"he

toldTIME.

PreventingHIVistheonlywaytokeepthenumberofnewinfectionsthat

occureachyear—4million—fromgrowing.Andyetpreventionstrategies,

alwaystheuglystepsistertotreatmentprograms,havenotreallytakenhold

inthedevelopingnationswheretherateofinfectionishighest.Aneffective

vaccine,ofcourse,istheultimatepreventionweapon,butastheGates'

pointedout,anHIVshotisstillalongwayoff.Inthemeantime,microbicides

couldbeonewaytoco-optARVsintothepreventionwar;thesearechemical

compounds,usuallyintheform,ofagelorcream,thatwomencanuse

vaginallypriortointercoursetostopthetransmissionofHIV—it'sthesame

ideabehindspermicides（殺3青子即J）,whicharechemicalbarrierstosperm

enteringthevaginaandcausingpregnancy.It'sanelegantlysimpleapproach,

madeevensimplerbythefactthatresearchersdidn'treallyhavetostartfrom

scratchtocomeupwithnewanti-HIVcompounds;theyalreadyhavethemin

theARVs,whichnowinterruptthevirusfrominfectingcellsatvariouspoints

initslifecycle.

Thekeydifferenceisthatinamicrobicide,thedrugsarebeingusedinhealthy

peopleratherthaninthoseinfectedwithHIV.WhenARVsareusedfor

treatment,bothdoctorsandpatientsarewillingtotolerateahigherlevelof

sideeffects—afterall,ifthechoiceisbetweendyingfromHIV-AIDSand

sideeffects,mostpatientsoptforthelatter.Ifthedrugsaretobeusedto

preventinfection,however,everythingchanges;understandably,healthy

peoplearen'taslikelytoacceptthesamelevelofsideeffectsandtoxicitiesas

thosealreadyinfected.

That'swhyclinicaltrialsaresosignificant.Sofar,thereare30to40different

microbicidecandidatesbeingtestedinanimals,andfivetrialsinGhana,

Nigeriaandotherdevelopingnationsatthemostadvancedstagesoftesting

inwomen.Dr.GitaRamjee,oftheHIVPreventionResearchUnitinDurban,

SouthAfrica,hasworkedwithallfive,andishopefulthattheywillprove

effectiveandmakeanimpactonthedisease.Becausetheselatest

microbicidesarereformulatedARVs,however,theproblemofthevirus

becomingresistanttothemisapotentialdrawback.Dr.PeterPlot,of

UNAIDS,suggestsbasingmicrobicidesonlyonthedrugsdonotmakeit

throughthepharmaceuticalpipelinemanyarerejectedbecaus

A.YB.NC.NG

19.Floods

WaterisoneofthemostusefulthingsonEarth.Wedrinkit,batheinit,clean

withitanduseittocookfood.Mostofthetime,itiscompletelybeneficialto

thehumans.Butinlargeenoughquantities,theverysamestuffweusetowash

atoothbrushcanoverturncars,destroyhousesandevenkill.Floodinghas

claimedmillionsoflivesinthelasthundredyearsalone,morethananyother

weatherphenomenon.

Howwaterexistsonourplanet

ThetotalamountofwateronEarthhasremainedfairlyconstantformillions

ofyears(thoughitsdistributionhasvariedconsiderablyinthattime).Every

day,averysmallamountofwaterislosthighintheatmosphere,whereintense

ultravioletrayscanbreakawatermoleculeapart,butnewwaterisalso

emittedfromtheinnerpartoftheEarth,byvolcanicactivity.Theamountof

waterthatiscreatedandtheamountthatislostareprettymuchequal.

Atanyonetime,thisvolumeofwaterisinmany,differentforms.Itcanbe

liquid,asinoceans,riversandrain;solid,asintheglaciersoftheNorthand

SouthPoles;orgaseous,asintheinvisiblewatervaporintheair.Water

changesfromstatetostateasitismovedaroundtheplanetbywindcurrents.

Windcurrents

Windcurrentsaregeneratedbytheheatingactivityofthesun.Thesunshines

moreontheareaaroundEarth'sequatorthanitdoesonareasfarthernorthand

south,causingaheatdiscrepancyoverthesurfaceoftheglobe.Inwarmer

regions,hotairrisesupintotheatmosphere,pullingcoolerairintothe

unoccupiedspace.Incoolerregions,coldairsinks,pushing/drivingwarmer

airintotheunoccupiedspace.TherotationoftheEarthbreaksthiscycleup,

sothereareseveral,smallerair-currentcyclesallalongtheglobe.

Overall,windcurrentsintheatmospherearefairlyconsistent.Atany

particulartimeofyear,currentstendtomoveinacertainwayacrosstheglobe.

Consequently,specificlocationsgenerallyexperiencethesamesortof

weatherconditionsyeartoyear.Butonaday-to-daybasis,theweatherisnot

sopredictable.Windcurrentsandprecipitation(降水)areaffectedbymany

factors,chieflygeographyandneighboringweatherconditions.Ahuge

numberoffactorscombineinaninfinitevarietyofways,producingallsorts

ofweather.Occasionally,thesefactorsinteractinsuchawaythatanatypical

volumeofliquidwatercollectsinonearea.Forexample,conditions

occasionallycausetheformationofahurricane,whichdumpsalargequantity

ofrainwhereveritgoes.Ifahurricanelingersoveraregion,ormultiple

hurricaneshappentomovethroughthearea,thelandreceivesmuchmore

precipitationthannormal.

Waterways

Sincewaterwaysareformedslowlyovertime,theirsizeisproportionateto

theamountofwaterthatnormallyaccumulatesinthatarea.Whenthereis

suddenlyamuchgreatervolumeofwater,thenormalwaterwaysoverflow,

andthewaterspreadsoutoverthesurroundingland,Atitsmostbasiclevel,

thisiswhatafloodis-anabnormalaccumulationofwaterinanareaofland.

Sourcesoffloods

Ashasbeenmentionedabove,floodsoccurwhenanatypicalvolumeofwater

collectsinanarea.Thereareanumberofwaysthismighthappen,andthere

areawiderangeofeventsthatoccurwhenitdoes.

-Rainstorms

Thesortoffloodingthatmostpeoplearefamiliarwithoccurswhenan

unusuallylargenumberofrainstormshitanareainafairlyshortperiodof

time.Inthiscase,theriversandstreamsthatdivertthewatertotheoceanare

simplyoverwhelmed.Thevaryingtemperaturesofdifferentseasonsleadto

differentweatherpatterns.Inthewinter,forexample,theairovertheocean

mightbewarmerthantheairovertheland,causingthewindflowtomove

fromthelandouttosea.Butinthesummer,theairoverthelandheats

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Accordingtothewriter,althoughthechallengeofproducingstudentswiththe

communicationskillsmaybedaunting,wecanneversucceedif.

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10題)

21.

[B3]

22.聽(tīng)力原文：W:CouldyouhavethepicturesreadythisafternoonandI'll

pickthemupthen?

M:Ifyouwantyourfilmtobeproperlyprocessed,you'llhavetopickthem

uponFriday,whichisthedayaftertomorrow.

Q:Whendoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

(17)

A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.D.OnMonday.

23.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Iamsoexcitedjusttothinkaboutit!Thisismyfirsttrip

toParis.Iwanttovisitalltheinterestingplacesthere.ButIamafraidthatI

can'tfindmywayaroundthere.

M:Don'tworryaboutthat.Justgivemeacallwhenyouhavetrouble.I'llbe

gladtoshowyouaround.Iamsofamiliarwiththeseplaces.

Q:Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?

(18)

A.TotakehertoParis.

B.Toshowherwhattheinterestingplacesare.

C.Toserveasherguide.

D.Tointroducehertohisfamilies.

24.聽(tīng)力原文：Formostpeople,readinganewspaperhasbecomeahabit

passeddownfromgenerationtogeneration,I'msureinahundredyearswe

willstillbereadingnewspapers.

Whatbasicallymakesnewsiswhataffectsourlives-thebigpoliticalstories,

thecoverageofthewars,earthquakesandotherdisasters,willcontinuemuch

thesame.Ithinktherewillbemorecoverageofscientificresearch,though.

It'salreadyhappeninginareasthatmaydirectlyaffectourlives,likegenetic

engineering.Inthefuture,Ithinktherewillbemorecoverageofscientific

explanationsofwhywefeelaswedo-aswedevelopabetterunderstanding

ofhowthebrainoperatesandwhatourfeelingsreallyare.

It'squitepossiblethatinthenextcenturynewspaperswillbetransmitted

electronicallyfromFleetStreetandprintedoutinourownhome.Infact,I'm

prettysurethatishowitwillhappeninthefuture.Youwillprobablybeable

tochoosefromamenu;makingupyourownnewspaperbypickingoutthe

thingsyouwanttoread.

Ithinkpeoplehavegotitwrongwhentheytalkaboutthecompetitionbetween

thedifferentmedia.Theyactuallyfeedoffeachother.Somepeopleonce

foresawthattelevisionwouldkilloffnewspapers,butthathasn'thappened.

Whatisreadontheprintedpagelastslongerthanpicturesonascreenor

soundlostintheair.AndasfortheInternet,it'sneverreallypleasanttoread

somethingjustonascreen.

(30)一

Altwillcovermorebigpolitical'affairs.

B.Itwon'tbeprintedinpublishinghouses.

C.Itwillcovermorescientificresearch.

D.Itwillcoverlessdisasters.

25.聽(tīng)力原文：M:I'dlovetocometoyourbirthdaypartyonSunday.Butmy

sisterisarrivingfromLondonthatday.

F:That'snoproblem.Themorethemerrier.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

(18)

A.Shethinksthemanshouldstaywithhissisterathome.

B.Sheinvitesthemanandhissistertoherparty.

C.Shewillgowiththemantomeethissister.

D.Shewillcancelherparty.

26.聽(tīng)力原文：W:Thisistoomuch.Ihavebeenwaitingformymealformore

thanhalfanhour.

M:Iknow,butyouseetherestaurantisfullandwe'reshorthandedtoday.

Q:Howdoesthewomanfeel?

(15)

A.Sheissatisfied.

B.Sheistired.

C.Sheisimpatient.

D.Sheishappy;

27.(26)

A.Tointroducethewomantosomeonewhohasresearchedblushing.

B.Toillustratethebenefitsofapublic-speakingclass.

C.Toexplainawaytoovercomeblushing.

D.Togiveanexampleofsomeonewhoblusheseasily.

28.(42)

29.(47)

30.(35)

A.Theyarebroughtupincultureswheremodestyishighlyvalued.

B.Theythinkitisashametospeakhighlyoftheirownculture.

C.Theyarechallengedbypeoplefromothercultures.

D.Thevaluesofhumilityislookeddownbythosewithhigherstatus.

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3題)

31.

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Someadultscan'ttellfightfromwrong.

B.Censorshipiscomparedtothelawbecausebothofthemperform,good

servicetosocietyasawhole.

C.Censorspayattentiononlytogenuineworksofart.

D.Censorshipisnecessarybecausemanybooks,playsandfilmsarefarfrom

being"worksofart".

32.

Wearetoldthatahigh-techcashregisterisreallyjust.

33.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedby

somequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefour

choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Acountryissaidtobecomemoreurbanizedasitscitiesgrowinnumber,its

urbanpopulationsincreaseinsize,andtheproportionofitspopulationliving

inurbanareasrises.Thedegreeofurbanizationvariesacrosstheworldbut

generallyreflectsthewealthofindividualcountries.Therich,industrialized

countriestendtobethemosthighlyurbanized.IntheNetherlands,for

example,89percentofthepopulationisurban,comparedtoonly13percent

inEthiopia,amuchpoorercountry.

Inrecenthistory,thedegreeofurbanizationhasbeenrelativelylowinAfrica

andAsiacomparedtoEuropeandNorthAmerica.However,asaresultof

large-scalemigrationfromruralareasandanaturalincreaseintheurban

populationsthemselves,thepopulationsofcitiesinthedevelopingworldhave

beengrowingrapidly.ThepopulationofCairo,forexample,hastripledinthe

last40years,andmorethanhalfofAfrica'speopleareexpectedtobeliving

incitiesby2020.Similarly,theurbanshareofthepopulationinChinahas

risenfromaboutoneinfivein1960tonearlyhalftoday.

Oneofthemostnoticeablefeaturesofurbangrowthinthe20thcenturyhas

beentherapidincreaseinthenumberofverylargecities.Before1800,cities

withmorethanamillioninhabitantswererare.Sincethen,however,the

numberofsuchcitieshasrisensteadily.In1900therewereatleast13cities

withmorethanamillioninhabitants,andby1950thenumberhadgrownto

68.By2000therewillbeatleast250citiesofmorethanamillion—manyof

whichwillbeinAsia,especiallyinIndiaandChina.

Evenacityofafewmillionpeopleisdwarfedbytheurbangiantswith

populationsexceeding10million.Accordingtovariousestimates,theremay

be20ormoreofthesegiganticmetropolitanareasalready.MostareinAsia:

Tokyo,Seoul,Osaka,Shanghai,Mumbai(Bombay),Beijing,Calcutta,

Jakarta,Tianjin,Karachi,Delhi,andManila.TheothergiantsareNewYork,

SaoPaulo,MexicoCity,LosAngeles,Moscow,BuenosAires,RiodeJaneiro,

andCairo.Incomingyears,explosivegrowthincitiesofthedevelopingworld

suchasLagosandSantaFedeBogotawillalmostcertainlypropeltheminto

thisgroup.Bytheyear2020,severalcitiesareexpectedtohavepopulations

ofmorethan20million.

Suchlargeconcentrationsofpeopleposeimmenseenvironmentalproblems.

InMexicoCity,forexample,one-quarterofthepopulationhasnoaccessto

runningwater,andoneinfivehousesisnotconnectedtotheseweragesystem.

Locatedinavalley,thecitysufferssobadlyfromairpollutionfrommotor

vehiclesthatthecitycentermustperiodicallybeclosedtotraffic.Mexico

City'sproblemsarereplicatedinmostotherlargecitiesinthedeveloping

world,andtoalesserdegreeinthelargecitiesofindustrializedcountriesas

well.

Acountry'surbanizationcanbeseenfromitsincreasein.

A.wealthB.populationC.thenumberofcitiesD.urbanareas

五、5.ErrorCorrection（3題）

34.TheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyhassetlimitsforthe

radiationpermittedtoleakfromaproposednuclearwasteburial

centerinthestateofNevada.TheactionwillhelpdecidedwhetherS1.

thefederalgovernmentcanbuildthenuclearwastedumpat

YuccaMountain.

Thedumpwouldbeusedtoburyaboutseventy-thousand

tonsofnuclearwaste.ThewasteincludesusenuclearfuelfromS2.

powercentersandwastefromtheproductionofnuclearweapons.

Thewasteisnowstoredatpowercenteraroundthecountry.S3.

YuccaMountainisownedbythefederalgovernment.Noone

livesthere.Itisinaextremelydryareamorethanone-hundredS4.

-forty-fivekilometersnorthwestofLasVegas.

TheadministrationofPresidentBushbelievesanuclear

wastedumpshoulddevelopthere.ItsaysthisdumpisneededtoS5.

permitandecreaseinnuclearpowercenters.FederalofficialsS6.

supportsmoreuseofnuclearpowerbecauseofthenation'senergyS7.

problems.ButNevadastateofficialsstronglyreprovetheplan.S8.

ThedisputeaboutYuccaMountainhascontinuedforalmosttwentyyears.

TheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyrecentlyestablishradiationS9.

limitsforgroundwater,airandsoilnearYuccaMountain.

Bothsidesclaimedthattheagencyrulinghelpedtheircause.Department

ofEnergySecretarySpencerAbrahamsayshisagency

canmeetthenewrequirement.MisterAbrahamsaysthegovernmentS10.

maycontinuewiththeprojectbytheendoftheyear.

[SI]

35.Lookatyourwatchforjustoneminute.During

thatshortperiodoftime,thepopulationoftheworld

hadincreasedbyeighty-fivepeople.Perhapsyouthink[S1]

thatisn'tmuch.Inthenexthour,morethan5,000

additionalpeoplewillbelivingonthisplanet.Soit

goes,hourafterhour.Inoneday,thereareabout

120,000additionalmouthstofeed.Multiplythisby

365.Whatwillhappenafter100years?[S2]

Thispopulationexplosivemaybethegreatest[S3]

challengeofthepresenttime.Withinthenextforty

years,theworldpopulationmaydouble.Canthenew

frontiersofsciencemeettheneedsofthecrowded

worldoftomorrow?

Ifthepresentrateofpopulationincreasecontinues

forthenext600or700years,therewillbestanding

roomsonly.Eachwillhavebetween3to10squarefeet[S4]

ofspaceinwhichtolive.Thiscontainsthe[S5]

mountaintops,deserts,andtheiceandsnowfieldsof

thepolarareas.Ofcourse,nooneexpectssuchathing

tohappen.War,plague,famineorsomeother

catastrophecanbeexpectedtooccurlongwhenthe[S6]—

populationreachesthispoint.Actually,thedangerisin[S7]

anovercrowdedworldwherepeoplearehuddled

togethersothattheycannotmovearmsandlegs,butin

anupsetbalancebetweenpopulationandresources.

Since600yearsissofaraway,takealookdirectly

ahead.Howcanthehungrypeoplebefilled?About[S8]—

halfofthebabiesbornthisyearwillnothaveenoughto

eat.Istheworldgoingoutofwater?Willtherebe[S9]

enoughfuel?Whatwillsupplytheenergyneedtorun[S10]

themachineoftomorrow'sworld?Certainly,manmust

looktothefutureandfindnewwaysofprovidingfor

hisneeds.

[SI]

36.

[S5]

六、6.ErrorCorrection?題）

37.

[S4]

38.

[S2]

39.

[S7]

參考答案

l.FoodSafetyProblemWiththedevelopmentofourcountry'seconomythere

arisesomenewproblemsamongwhichisthefoodsafetyproblem.Ahandful

ofprofiteersputsomeharmfulmaterialsintothefoodtheymaketFoodSafety

ProblemWiththedevelopmentofourcountry'seconomy,therearisesome

newproblems,amongwhichisthefoodsafetyproblem.Ahandfulof

profiteersputsomeharmfulmaterialsintothefoodtheymaket

2.1ncomeSourcesofAmericanandChineseStudentsAsisrevealedinthe

tableboththeAmericanandChinesestudentsgetmoneyfromthreesources:

parentspart-timejobsandsch