Unit+5+Poems+Reading+and+Thinking+課件【知識(shí)精講】高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊(cè)

ReadingandTinking--AppreciatedifferentformsofEnglishPoemsUnit5Poems1.LearnaboutdifferentformsofEnglishpoetry,andlearnrepresentativerelatedpoetryworks;3.LearntoappreciatethefeelingsofEnglishpoetry.2.Masterthe

featuresofdifferentformsofEnglishpoetry;LearningObjectivesLet’sappreciatethepoem—TheRoadNotTaken

Leadin林子里有兩條路，我——選擇了行人稀少的那一條，它改變了我的一生?！_伯特·弗羅斯特《未選擇的路》Tworoadsdivergedinayellowwood,AndsorryIcouldnottravelbothAndbeonetraveler,longIstoodAndlookeddownoneasfarasIcouldTowhereitbentintheundergrowth;Thentooktheother,asjustasfair,Andhavingperhapsthebetterclaim,Becauseitwasgrassyandwantedwear;Thoughasforthat,thepassingthereHadwornthemreallyaboutthesame,TheRoadNotTaken

—RobertFrostAndboththatmorningequallylayInleavesnostephadtroddenblack.Oh,Ikeptthefirstforanotherday!Yetknowinghowwayleadsontoway,IdoubtedifIshouldevercomeback.IshallbetellingthiswithasighSomewhereagesandageshence:Tworoadsdivergedinawood,andI—Itooktheonelesstraveledby,Andthathasmadeallthedifference.Whydoyouthinkpeoplewritepoems?to

createimagesforthereaderstotellastorytoexpressfeelingstomakeotherslaughtoplaywithwords

…tocreateamoodtoexpressapointofviewtoencouragepeopletorecallanenjoyableorunpleasantincidentLet’sguess!GuessChinesepoemsaccordingtotheEnglishtranslationAbed,Iseeasilverlight,Iwonderifit’sfrost(霜）aground.Lookingup,Ifindthemoonbright;Bowing(低頭),inhomesickness(想家的)I’mdrowned.靜夜思床前明月光，疑是地上霜。舉頭望明月，低頭思故鄉(xiāng)。Ilookforherinvain.WhenallatonceIturnmyhead,Ifindhertherewherelanternlightisdimly(朦朧)shed.青玉案·元夕—辛棄疾眾里尋他千百度，驀然回首，那人卻在，燈火闌珊處。Thismorn(破曉)ofspringinbedI’mlying,NotwakeuptillIhearbirdscrying.Afteronenightofwindandshowers,Howmanyarethefallenflowers!春曉—孟浩然春眠不覺(jué)曉，處處聞啼鳥(niǎo)。夜來(lái)風(fēng)雨聲，花落知多少。

VeryquietlyItakemyleaveAsquietlyasIcamehere;QuietlyIwavegood-byeTotherosycloudsinthewesternsky.再別康橋輕輕的我走了，正如我輕輕的來(lái)；我輕輕的招手，作別西天的云彩。Thefurthestdistance(距離)intheworldisnotthewayfrombirthtotheend.ItiswhenIstandinfrontofyoubutyoudon’tunderstandIloveyou.世界上最遙遠(yuǎn)的距離不是生與死，而是我就站在你面前，你卻不知道我愛(ài)你?！└?duì)?印度詩(shī)人)Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?冬天來(lái)了,春天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎?——雪萊EnjoyanEnglishpoemTwinkletwinklelittlestarHowIwonderwhatyouare,UpabovetheworldsohighLikeadiamondinthesky.line(詩(shī)行):4linesrhyme

(韻腳):aabbsimile

(明喻)：as,like…metaphor

(暗/隱喻)：Thenightskyisacurtainonwhicheverystarisashiningdiamond.NureryrhymeThereasonsAfewofsimplerformsNurseryrhymes（童謠）Listpoems（清單詩(shī)）Cinquain（五行詩(shī)）Haiku（俳句）

TangPoem（唐詩(shī)）

AFewSimpleFormsofEnglishPoemsTherearevariousreasonswhypeoplecomposepoetry.Somepoemstellastoryordescribeacertainimageinthereader'smind.Otherstrytoconveycertainfeelingssuchasjoyandsorrow.Thedistinctivecharacteristicsofpoetryoftenincludeeconomicaluseofwords,descriptiveandvividlanguage,integratedimagery,literarydevicessuchassimilesandmetaphors,andarrangementofwords,lines,rhymes,andrhythm.Poetsusemanydifferentformsofpoetrytoexpressthemselves.Nowwewilllookatafewofthesimplerforms.各種各樣的寫(xiě)詩(shī)+定從某種意象傳達(dá)悲傷顯著的特點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)潔的描述性的生動(dòng)的語(yǔ)言整體的意象文學(xué)手法明喻暗喻編排行韻腳節(jié)奏詩(shī)人表達(dá)人們寫(xiě)詩(shī)的原因多種多樣。有些詩(shī)講述一個(gè)故事，有的在讀者心中描繪出一個(gè)意象。還有一些詩(shī)歌則試圖表達(dá)特定的情感，如喜悅和悲傷。詩(shī)歌的顯著特點(diǎn)通常包括精煉的用詞，生動(dòng)的描述性語(yǔ)言和生動(dòng)，整體的意象，類(lèi)似明喻和隱喻的文學(xué)手法，以及字詞、詩(shī)行、韻腳和節(jié)奏的編排。詩(shī)人用許多不同的詩(shī)歌形式來(lái)表達(dá)自己?，F(xiàn)在，我們來(lái)看看幾個(gè)較為簡(jiǎn)單的詩(shī)歌形式。SomeofthefirstpoemsayoungchildlearnsinEnglisharenurseryrhymes.Theyareusuallythetraditionalpoemsor

folksongs.Thelanguageoftheserhymes,likePoemA,istothepointbuthasastoryline.Manychildrenenjoynurseryrhymesbecausetheyrhyme,haveastrongrhythm,andoftenrepeatthesamewords.Thepoemsmaynotmakesenseandevenseemcontradictory,buttheyareeasytolearnandrecite.Byplayingwiththewordsinnurseryrhymes,childrenlearnaboutlanguage.省略that的定從童謠民謠簡(jiǎn)明恰當(dāng)故事情節(jié)+原因狀從押韻詩(shī)重復(fù)有意義矛盾的背誦一個(gè)孩童最初學(xué)會(huì)的一些英文詩(shī)歌就是童謠。它們通常是傳統(tǒng)的詩(shī)歌或民謠。這些童謠的語(yǔ)言恰到好處，卻含有故事情節(jié)，如詩(shī)歌A。很多孩子喜歡童謠，因?yàn)樗鼈冄喉崳?jié)奏強(qiáng)，而且經(jīng)常重復(fù)相同的字眼。這些童謠可能沒(méi)有道理，甚至看起來(lái)自相矛盾，但很容易學(xué)習(xí)和背誦。通過(guò)童謠中的文字游戲，孩子們學(xué)會(huì)了語(yǔ)言。A[?:][iη][a:][?u][u]storyline(故事線）Hush,littlebaby,don’tsayaword,Papa’sgonna

buyyouamockingbird.

Ifthatmockingbirdwon’tsing,Papa’sgonna

buyyouadiamondring.Ifthatdiamondringturnstobrass,Papa’sgonna

buyyoualookingglass.Ifthatlooking-glassgetsbroke,Papa’sgonna

buyyouabillygoat.Ifthatbillygoatwon’tpull,Papa’sgonna

buyyouacartandbull.repetition（重復(fù)）NureryrhymeNurseryrhymesrhyme（押韻）噓噓，小寶貝，別說(shuō)話，爸爸給你買(mǎi)只知更鳥(niǎo)，知更鳥(niǎo)，不唱歌，爸爸給你買(mǎi)枚鉆石戒，鉆石戒，變黃銅，爸爸給你買(mǎi)面小鏡子，小鏡子，打碎了，爸爸給你買(mǎi)只小山羊，小山羊，不肯拉，爸爸給你買(mǎi)架牛拉車(chē)。Hush,littlebaby,don’tsayaword,Papa’sgonna

buyyouamockingbird.

Ifthatmockingbirdwon’tsing,Papa’sgonna

buyyouadiamondring.Ifthatdiamondringturnstobrass,Papa’sgonna

buyyoualookingglass.Ifthatlooking-glassgetsbroke,Papa’sgonna

buyyouabillygoat.Ifthatbillygoatwon’tpull,Papa’sgonna

buyyouacartandbull.Oneofthesimplestkindsofpoemisthe"listpoem",which

contains

alistofthings,people,ideas,ordescriptions

thatdevelopaparticulartheme.Listpoemshaveaflexiblelinelengthandrepeatedphrases

whichgivebothapattern

andarhythmtothepoem.Somerhyme(likeBandC),whileothersdonot.“清單詩(shī)”是最簡(jiǎn)單的詩(shī)歌形式之一，它包含了一系列有關(guān)事物、人物、想法或描述內(nèi)容的清單，形成了特定的主題。清單詩(shī)的詩(shī)行長(zhǎng)度靈活，重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的短語(yǔ)賦予詩(shī)歌某種模式和節(jié)奏。有些清單詩(shī)押韻(如詩(shī)歌B和詩(shī)歌C)，而另一些則不押韻。清單詩(shī)+非定從包含一系列描述+定從特定的主題靈活的長(zhǎng)度短語(yǔ)+定從模式節(jié)奏押韻然而，表對(duì)比/轉(zhuǎn)折ListpoemsListpoemshaveaflexiblelinelengthandrepeatedphrases.

OnlyOneMotherHundredsofstarsintheprettysky,Hundredsofshells

ontheshoretogether,Hundredsofbirdsthatgosingingby,

Hundredsoflambsinthesunnyweather,Hundredsofdewdropstogreetthedawn,Hundredsofbeesinthepurpleclover,Hundredsofbutterfliesonthelawn,Butonlyonemothertheworldover.GeorgeCooper

母親天空夜星如織，海濱貝殼滿地，鳥(niǎo)兒鳴唱飛過(guò)，蜜蜂沐浴陽(yáng)光，黎明四野朝露，苜蓿蜜蜂成群，草叢蝴蝶爭(zhēng)艷，但世界浩瀚，我唯有一母。BListpoemsListpoemshaveaflexiblelinelengthandrepeatedphrases.Somerhyme,whilesomenot.

Life

Lifecanbegood,Lifecanbebad,Lifeismostlycheerful,Butsometimessad,Lifecanbedreams,Lifecanbegreatthoughts,Lifecanmeanaperson,Sittingincourt.

生活生活可能美滿，生活可能糟糕，生活常常充滿歡樂(lè)，但有時(shí)令人沮喪。生活可能是夢(mèng)幻一場(chǎng)，生活可能是偉大的理想。生活可能是一個(gè)人，獨(dú)坐在法庭上。CTypeofpoemCharacteristicsExampleTopicsandpoeticdevicesListpoem（清單詩(shī)）BClistsofthings,people,ideas,ordescriptionsofaparticularthemeflexiblelinelengthrepeatedphrasesforpatternsandrhythmnaturerepetitionlife repetitionP51表格Anothersimpleformofpoemthat

amateurscaneasilywriteisthecinquain,which

ismadeupoffivelines.Withthese,youcanconveyastrongpictureoracertainmoodinjustafewwords.Lookattheexample(D).

（對(duì)于）業(yè)余愛(ài)好者（而言）容易創(chuàng)作的另一種簡(jiǎn)單詩(shī)歌形式是五行詩(shī)。它由五個(gè)詩(shī)行構(gòu)成。通過(guò)這些詩(shī)行，你可以用短短幾句話就表達(dá)出一幅動(dòng)人的畫(huà)面或某種心情。請(qǐng)看范例(詩(shī)歌D)。業(yè)余愛(ài)好者+定從五行詩(shī)+非定從由...組成傳達(dá)某種情緒(noun.)(adj.)(v-ing.)CinquainD

oneword(showthetopoc)

twoadjs(describethecharactertraits)

threeverbs(describeactions)

fourwords(conveyopinionsorfeelings)

oneword(restatethetopic)結(jié)尾點(diǎn)題

1.Whatdotheauthormainlytalkabout?his/herbrother2.Doyouthinkthewriterlikehis/herbrother?Pleasegiveareasonforyouranswer.Yes.Theauthorshowshislovetohis/herbrotherinhiswords兄弟愛(ài)美，又愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)愛(ài)鬧，愛(ài)叫，又愛(ài)笑是我的朋友也是我的敵人BrotherBeautiful,athletic

Teasing,shouting,laughingFriendandenemytooMineTypeofpoemCharacteristicsExampleTopicsandpoeticdevicesCinquain（五行詩(shī)）DsimpleformfivelinesbrotherstrongpictureormoodP51表格CinquainHaikuisaJapaneseformofpoetrythat

consistsof17syllables.Ithasaformatofthreelines,containing5,7,and5syllablesrespectively.ItisnotatraditionalformofEnglishpoetry,butisverypopularwithEnglishwriters.Itiseasytowriteand,likethecinquain,cangiveaclearpictureandcreateaspecialfeelingusingveryfewwords.Thehaikupoem(E)ontherightisatranslationfromJapanese,which

showsamomentinthelifeofadelicatebutterfly.俳句+定從由...組成音節(jié)格式包含分別受...歡迎翻譯+非定從脆弱的蝴蝶

AfallenblossomIscomingbacktothebranch.Look,abutterfly!HaikuE1.Whatwasitthatfellonthebranch?

A.afallenblossomB.adeadleafC.adelicatebutterflyD.ahappybird2.Whichsentenceistrue?A.HaikuoriginatesfromEurope.B.HaikuispopularwithJapanesewriters.C.HaikuisatraditionalformofJapanesepoetrywith17rhythms.D.Haikushowaclearpictureandconveyaspecialfeeling.落下的花朵卻又回到了枝頭。瞧啊，是只蝴蝶！TypeofpoemCharacteristicsExampleTopicsandpoeticdevicesHaiku(俳句)E17syllablesthreelinescontaining5,7,and5syllablesrespectivelyP51表格nature忽見(jiàn)落櫻返枝頭，原是花飛逗蝶舞。EnglishspeakersalsoenjoypoemsfromChina,thosefromtheTangDynastyinparticular.AlotofTangpoetryhasbeentranslatedintoEnglish,suchasthisone(F).以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人也喜歡中國(guó)的詩(shī)歌，尤其是唐詩(shī)。很多唐詩(shī)已經(jīng)被翻譯成英文，比如這首(詩(shī)歌F)。尤其，特別betranslatedinto被翻譯為......WheresheawaitsherhusbandOnandontheriverflows.Neverlookingback,Transformedintostone.Daybydayuponthemountaintop,windandrainrevolve.Shouldthetravelerreturn,thisstonewouldutterspeech.WangJian望夫石

王

建望夫處，江悠悠,化為石，不回頭。山頭日日風(fēng)復(fù)雨，行人歸來(lái)石應(yīng)語(yǔ)。1.Whichofthefollowingwordscanconveythewoman’sfeelings?A.lonelinessB.joyC.loveD.trustE.angerF.hateG.sorrow2.Whatrhetoricaldevice(修辭手法)isusedinthesentence?personification(擬人)TangPoetryFTypeofpoemCharacteristicsExampleTopicsandpoeticdevicesTangpoemFstructuredP51表格waiting望夫石唐·王建望夫處，江悠悠。化為石，不回頭。山頭日日風(fēng)復(fù)雨。行人歸來(lái)石應(yīng)語(yǔ)。Withsomanydifferentformsofpoetrytochoosefrom,youmayeventuallywanttowritepoemsofyourown.Giveitatry!有這么多不同的詩(shī)歌形式可供選擇，你可能最終想寫(xiě)自己寫(xiě)幾首詩(shī)。試一試吧!QuizaboutFORMSofEnglishpoems._________ismadeupof17syllables.Nurseryrhymeshavestrong__________andoftenrepeatthesamewords.Cinquainconsistsof______lines.Someofthefirstpoemsayo