浙江省紹興市諸暨市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末檢測英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省紹興市諸暨市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末檢測英語試題第一部分:聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Withwhatdidthemantakethephotos?A.Hiscamera.B.Hismobilephone.C.Thewoman’scamera.2.Whenwillthewomanmeetherdoctor?A.At7:00.B.At6:00.C.At8:00.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atahotel.B.Atagasstation.C.Atagarage.4.WhatdoyouknowaboutChristine?A.Sheispleasedwithherhairstyle.B.Shelookssmartwithshorthair.C.Sheisparticularabouthaircut.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshoulddo?A.Changethestyle.B.Chooseapropercolor.C.Dressprofessionally.第二節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀各個小題;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6至第7題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Husbandandwife.C.Co-workers.7.Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthenewworkers?A.Theyoughttobemoreresponsible.B.Theyshouldreceivemoretraining.C.TheyshouldmeettheHRmanager.聽第7段材料,回答第8至第9題。8.Whydidthemanmakethephonecall?A.Toordersweetfood.B.Tomakeareservation.C.Toinquireaboutcoffee.9.Whatcanyouinferfromtheirconversation?A.Themanisunlikelytohavebeentothecafé.B.Thewomancannottellthelocationaccurately.C.Thespeakersaretalkingfacetofaceinthecafé.聽第8段材料,回答第10至第12題。10.Whatdoyouknowabouttheconversation?A.Itisaninitiative.B.Itisanargument.C.Itisaninterview.11.Whyisthewomansofamiliarwiththebusroute?A.Sheusesiteveryday.B.Sheworksonthebus.C.Sheexploresregularly.12.Whichaspectdoesthewomanfindunsatisfactory?A.Themoneypassengersarecharged.B.Theservicethebusdriversprovide.C.Thebusshetakesonthewayhome.聽第9段材料,回答第13至第16題。13.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theman’sdad.B.Theman’sbirthdayparty.C.Thewoman’sbrother.14.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisfather’sperformanceonhisseventhbirthday?A.Motivated.B.Ashamed.C.Amused.15.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetotheperformanceoftheman’sdad?A.Favorable.B.Opposed.C.Suspicious.16.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?A.Hewillaskhisfathertoperform.B.Hewillpersuadehisdadtohelp.C.Hewillassisthisdadtoperform.聽第10段材料,回答第17至第20題。17.Whatdoyouknowabouttheman?A.Hewasembarrassed.B.Hewasdrunk.C.Hewaswelcomed.18.Forwhatdidthemancomeintothebar?A.Abreak.B.Awalk.C.Adrink.19.Whatdoyouthinkofthewaythewaiterhandledthesituation?A.Reasonable.B.Abnormal.C.Contradictory.20.Wheredoesthehumorofthestorylie?A.Themanmanagedtoidentifythewaiters.B.Themandidn’tshowanysignofannoyance.C.Themanthoughthewenttothreedifferentbars.第二部分:閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15個小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題紙上將該選項標號涂黑。(A)Joininginoneoftheoverseasvolunteerprogramsisafantasticideaforhighschoolstudentsduringvacations.Herearesomepopularprograms.StudentexchangeprogramsStudentexchangeprogramscanbeanexcellentwayforhighschoolstudentstotravelonabudgetandpromotecross-culturalunderstanding.Theseprogramsrangeinlengthfromacoupleofweekstoafullyearofclassesinaforeignhighschool.Feesvarybyprogram,butstudentsareoftenresponsibleforexpenseslikeairfareandfood.WorldWideOpportunitiesonOrganicFarmsAnothergreatoptionisWorldWideOpportunitiesonOrganicFarms(WWOOF).Ifyouareinterestedinworkingonafarm,youcandothatwithWWOOFinexchangeforfreeroomandboard.Opportunitiesareavailableinover500countries,andthetimecommitmentisuptoyoutodecide.Eachcountryhasitsownsetofrulesregardingminimumage,butWWOOFinGerman,Portugal,UK,andItalyacceptthoseundertheageof18.VirtualVolunteeringinNepalWhiletheideaofvirtualvolunteeringmightnotsoundquiteasexcitingasjettingofftonewdestinations,therealityisthatvolunteeringfromyourownhomecanbeadvantageous.Notonlydoyounothavetoworryaboutbuyingaplaneticketorpayingforexpensivehousing,butyoucanalsodoapart-timejobwhilestillgettinganimmersive(沉浸式的)internationalexperience.Studentscanworkonanynumberofprojects,fromEnglishlanguageeducationtocommunitydevelopment.GVI:VolunteeringforTeensSpecificallyofferingvolunteerprogramsforhighschoolstudents,GVI(GlobalVisionInternational)encouragesstudentsbetweentheagesof15and17toexplorethegreaterworld.Withprogramsaboutculturalimmersion,wildlifeconservationandcommunitydevelopment,highschoolstudentscanlearntobecomeaglobalcitizen.GVIprogramsareavailablein11countriesandlastonetotwoweeks.1.WhatistheadvantageofWWOOFtohighschoolvolunteers?A.Accommodationcanbefree. B.Nocountriessettheagelimit.C.Itadvocatesorganicfarming. D.Thetimecommitmentisshort.2.Whichprogramsuitsvolunteerswhocannotmakeitoverseas?A.Studentexchangeprograms B.VirtualVolunteeringinNepalC.GVI:VolunteeringforTeens D.WorldWideOpportunitiesonOrganicFarms3.Howdotheprogramsbenefitvolunteersthemselves?A.Theywillbeofferedmorejobopportunities.B.Theyaretobequalifiedenoughtobeleaders.C.Theycangainsomeinternationalexperiences.D.Theywillprogressinacademicperformances.〖答案〗1.A2.B3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。短文介紹了一些受歡迎的海外志愿者項目?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AnothergreatoptionisWorldWideOpportunitiesonOrganicFarms(WWOOF).Ifyouareinterestedinworkingonafarm,youcandothatwithWWOOFinexchangeforfreeroomandboard.”（另一個很好的選擇是全球有機農(nóng)場機會（WWOOF）。如果你有興趣在農(nóng)場工作，你可以與WWOOF合作，以換取免費食宿。）可知，WWOOF對高中志愿者的益處是住宿可以是免費的。故選A項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whiletheideaofvirtualvolunteeringmightnotsoundquiteasexcitingasjettingofftonewdestinations,therealityisthatvolunteeringfromyourownhomecanbeadvantageous.”（雖然虛擬志愿服務(wù)的想法聽起來可能不如飛往新的目的地那么令人興奮，但現(xiàn)實是，在國內(nèi)做志愿服務(wù)可能是有利的。）可知，VirtualVolunteeringinNepal適合無法出國的志愿者。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Studentexchangeprogramscanbeanexcellentwayforhighschoolstudentstotravelonabudgetandpromotecross-culturalunderstanding.”（學(xué)生交換項目是高中生窮游和促進跨文化理解的好方法）根據(jù)“AnothergreatoptionisWorldWideOpportunitiesonOrganicFarms(WWOOF).Ifyouareinterestedinworkingonafarm,youcandothatwithWWOOFinexchangeforfreeroomandboard.”（另一個很好的選擇是全球有機農(nóng)場機會（WWOOF）。如果你有興趣在農(nóng)場工作，你可以與WWOOF合作，以換取免費食宿。）根據(jù)“whilestillgettinganimmersive(沉浸式的)internationalexperience.”（同時還能獲得身臨其境的國際體驗）根據(jù)“Withprogramsaboutculturalimmersion,wildlifeconservationandcommunitydevelopment,highschoolstudentscanlearntobecomeaglobalcitizen.”（通過文化沉浸、野生動物保護和社區(qū)發(fā)展等項目，高中生可以學(xué)習(xí)成為一名全球公民。）可知，他們可以獲得一些國際體驗使志愿者受益。故選C項。(B)Eightscientistswereawardedthe2023FutureSciencePrize,alsocalled“China’sNobelPrize”,thefirstChinesenon-governmentalscienceawardjointlyinitiatedbygroupsofscientistsandentrepreneurs(企業(yè)家).Sincetheestablishmentin2016,atotalof35scientistshavebeenawardedtheFutureSciencePrizesofar.ChaiJijieandZhouJianminreceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinlifesciencesforthediscoveryofresistosomes(抗原小體)andexplanationsoftheirmolecularstructuresandfunctionsinplantimmuneresponsesagainstpathogens(病原體).Understandingofresistosomefunctionswillleadtobettermethodsforcontrollingplantdiseaseandthereforehaveenormousimportanceforglobalfoodsecurity.Chaisaidthathefeltextremelyhonored,excitedandhappyviaavideocallatthepressconference.Heemphasizedthatthisrecognitionwasnotonlyforhimselfbutalsofortheteam’syearsofhardwork.“MycooperationwithProfessorZhouhaslastedfornearly20years.Ourpartnershiphasbeenproductiveandenjoyable,andIbelieveourcooperationwillcarryon,”hesaid.Duringthevideocall,ZhouremarkedthattheFutureSciencePrizeisgroundedinthenationalcontext.Itishearteningtoseethattheprizeplacesgreateremphasisonsupportingagriculture.ZhaoZhongxianandChenXianhuireceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinphysicalsciencesfortheirinfluentialbreakthroughsinthediscoveryofhigh-temperaturesuperconductingmaterialsandsystematicadvancementsinelevatingthetransitiontemperature.Notably,bothZhaoandChenconductedsystematicstudiestoshowtheunderlyingphysicalmechanismsofhighTcmaterials,positioningthemselvesattheforefrontofsuperconductorresearchforseveralyears.HeKaiming,SunJian,RenShaoqing,ZhangXiangyureceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinmathematicsandcomputerscience,fortheirextraordinarycontributionstoartificialintelligencebyintroducingdeepresiduallearning(深度殘差學(xué)習(xí)).The2023FutureSciencePrizeWeekandtheAwardCeremonywereheldinHongKongfromOctober14to17.4.Forwhatweretheeightscientistsawarded?A.Theirnever-endingpursuitofknowledge.B.Theirlong-termpartnershipinresearches.C.Theirremarkablecontributionstoscience.D.Theirintenseeffortstoovercomebarriers.5.WhatcontributestotheirdiscoveryaccordingtoChai?A.Vision. B.Passion. C.Ambition. D.Cooperation.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph5indicate?A.Theirdiscoveryisground-breaking.B.ZhaoandChenhavealongwaytogo.C.Researchiscertaintoberewarded.D.Therealvaluecannotbeoverestimated.7.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthepassage?A.Toappealtomanymorepeopletoinnovate.B.Torevealtherecipefortheirgreatsuccess.C.Toencourageustobecommittedtoscience.D.Tointroducethe2023FutureSciencePrize.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.A7.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報道。本文主要介紹了被稱為“中國諾貝爾獎”的未來科學(xué)獎，并介紹了榮獲2023年的八名科學(xué)家的成就。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ChaiJijieandZhouJianminreceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinlifesciencesforthediscoveryofresistosomes(抗原小體)andexplanationsoftheirmolecularstructuresandfunctionsinplantimmuneresponsesagainstpathogens(病原體).Understandingofresistosomefunctionswillleadtobettermethodsforcontrollingplantdiseaseandthereforehaveenormousimportanceforglobalfoodsecurity.（柴繼杰和周建民因發(fā)現(xiàn)抗性小體并解釋其在植物針對病原體的免疫反應(yīng)中的分子結(jié)構(gòu)和功能而獲得生命科學(xué)未來科學(xué)獎。了解抗性體的功能將有助于找到更好的方法來控制植物病害，因此對全球糧食安全具有極其重要的意義。）”第五段“ZhaoZhongxianandChenXianhuireceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinphysicalsciencesfortheirinfluentialbreakthroughsinthediscoveryofhigh-temperaturesuperconductingmaterialsandsystematicadvancementsinelevatingthetransitiontemperature.（趙忠賢和陳賢惠因在發(fā)現(xiàn)高溫超導(dǎo)材料方面取得的具有影響力的突破以及在提高轉(zhuǎn)變溫度方面的系統(tǒng)性進展而獲得物理科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的未來科學(xué)獎。）”以及倒數(shù)第二段“HeKaiming,SunJian,RenShaoqing,ZhangXiangyureceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinmathematicsandcomputerscience,fortheirextraordinarycontributionstoartificialintelligencebyintroducingdeepresiduallearning(深度殘差學(xué)習(xí)).（何凱明、孫健、任少卿、張翔宇因引入深度殘差學(xué)習(xí)對人工智能的杰出貢獻而榮獲數(shù)學(xué)和計算機科學(xué)未來科學(xué)獎）”可知，八位科學(xué)家因為他們對科學(xué)的卓越貢獻獲獎。故選C項。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Heemphasizedthatthisrecognitionwasnotonlyforhimselfbutalsofortheteam’syearsofhardwork.‘MycooperationwithProfessorZhouhaslastedfornearly20years.Ourpartnershiphasbeenproductiveandenjoyable,andIbelieveourcooperationwillcarryon,’hesaid.（他強調(diào)，這種認可不僅是對自己的認可，也是對團隊多年努力的認可?！液椭芙淌诘暮献饕呀?jīng)持續(xù)了近20年。我們的合作伙伴關(guān)系富有成效且令人愉快，我相信我們的合作將會繼續(xù)下去?！笨芍鶕?jù)Chai的說法，合作促成了他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D項。【6題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段“ZhaoZhongxianandChenXianhuireceivedtheFutureSciencePrizeinphysicalsciencesfortheirinfluentialbreakthroughsinthediscoveryofhigh-temperaturesuperconductingmaterialsandsystematicadvancementsinelevatingthetransitiontemperature.Notably,bothZhaoandChenconductedsystematicstudiestoshowtheunderlyingphysicalmechanismsofhighTcmaterials,positioningthemselvesattheforefrontofsuperconductorresearchforseveralyears.（趙忠賢和陳賢惠因在發(fā)現(xiàn)高溫超導(dǎo)材料方面取得的具有影響力的突破以及在提高轉(zhuǎn)變溫度方面的系統(tǒng)性進展而獲得物理科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的未來科學(xué)獎。值得注意的是，趙和陳都進行了系統(tǒng)研究，揭示了高溫材料的潛在物理機制，多年來一直處于超導(dǎo)研究的前沿。）”可知，他們的研究，揭示了高溫材料的潛在物理機制，是開創(chuàng)性的。故選A項。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Eightscientistswereawardedthe2023FutureSciencePrize,alsocalled“China’sNobelPrize”,thefirstChinesenon-governmentalscienceawardjointlyinitiatedbygroupsofscientistsandentrepreneurs(企業(yè)家).（8名科學(xué)家榮獲被譽為“中國諾貝爾獎”的2023年未來科學(xué)獎，這是中國首個由科學(xué)家和企業(yè)家團體共同發(fā)起的民間科學(xué)獎項）”以及最后一段“The2023FutureSciencePrizeWeekandtheAwardCeremonywereheldinHongKongfromOctober14to17.（2023年未來科學(xué)頒獎周暨頒獎典禮于10月14日至17日在香港舉行。）”可知，本文為了介紹2023年被稱為“中國諾貝爾獎”的未來科學(xué)獎。故選D項。(C)Flashdroughts(突發(fā)性干旱)developfast,andwhentheyhitatthewrongtime,theycanruinaregion’sagriculture.Theyarealsobecomingincreasinglycommonastheplanetwarms.InastudypublishedinthejournalCommunicationEarth&Environment,wefoundthattheriskofflashdroughts,whichcandevelopinafewweeks,isonpacetoriseineverymajoragriculturalregionaroundtheworldinthecomingdecades.InNorthAmericaandEurope,croplandthathada32%annualchanceofaflashdroughtafewyearsagocouldhaveagreaterchanceofaflashdroughtbythefinaldecadesofthiscentury.Thatresultwouldputfoodproduction,energy,andwatersuppliesunderincreasingpressure.Thecostofravagewillalsorise.AflashdroughtintheDakotasandMontanain2017caused$2.6billioninagriculturaldamageinAmericaalone.Alldroughtsbeginwhenrainfallstops.What’sinterestingaboutflashdroughtsishowfasttheyreinforcethemselves,withsomehelpfromthewarmingclimate.Whentheweatherishotanddry,soilloseswaterrapidly.Dryairextractsmoisturefromtheland,andrisingtemperaturecanincreasethisevaporativedemand.Thelackofrainduringaflashdroughtcanfurthercontributetothefeedbackprocesses.Undertheseconditions,cropsandvegetationbegintodiemuchmorequicklythantheydoduringtypicallong-termdroughts.Inourstudy,weusedclimatemodelsanddatafromthepast170yearstoassessthedroughtrisksaheadunderthreeconditionsforhowquicklytheworldtakesactiontoslowthepaceofglobalwarming.Ifgreenhousegasemissions(排放物)fromvehicles,powerplants,andotherhumansourcescontinueatahighrate,wefoundthatcroplandinmuchofNorthAmericaandEuropewouldhavea53%annualchanceofflashdroughts,respectively,bythefinaldecadesofthiscentury.Globally,thelargestprojectedincreasesinflashdroughtswouldbeinEuropeandtheAmazon.Slowingemissionscanreducetherisksignificantly,butwefoundflashdroughtswouldstillincreasebyabout6%worldwideunderlow-emissionconditions.8.Whyistheflashdroughtaconcern?A.Itoftendevelopsandstrikesunexpectedly. B.Itdoesgohandinhandwithrainfall.C.Itcanbedestructivetoregionalagriculture. D.Itschancehasincreaseddramatically.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ravage”meaninparagraph2?A.Control. B.Assessment. C.Production. D.Damage.10.Whichofthefollowingisadirectcontributortoflashdroughts?A.Theconstantrainfall. B.Theincreasingfooddemand.C.Thewarmingplanet. D.Thefastpaceofmodernlife.11.Whatcanbedonetoreducethedroughtrisksaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Tocutdownoncarbonfootprint. B.Toevaluatetherisksregularly.C.Tostudyclimatemodelsanddata. D.Tomonitorweathercondition.〖答案〗8.C9.D10.C11.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了驟發(fā)性干旱的特點、對農(nóng)業(yè)的影響以及解決措施。【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Flashdroughts(突發(fā)性干旱)developfast,andwhentheyhitatthewrongtime,theycanruinaregion’sagriculture.(突發(fā)性干旱發(fā)展迅速，當它們在錯誤的時間發(fā)生時，它們可以摧毀一個地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè))”可知，突發(fā)性干旱是一個令人擔憂的問題是因為可能對區(qū)域農(nóng)業(yè)造成破壞。故選C?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“AflashdroughtintheDakotasandMontanain2017caused$2.6billioninagriculturaldamageinAmericaalone.”可知，2017年，達科他州和蒙大拿州的一場突如其來的干旱僅在美國就造成了26億美元的農(nóng)業(yè)損失，由此表明驟發(fā)性干旱帶來的破壞的代價也在上升。故劃線詞意思是“破壞”。故選D?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theyarealsobecomingincreasinglycommonastheplanetwarms.(隨著地球變暖，它們也變得越來越普遍)”以及第三段“What’sinterestingaboutflashdroughtsishowfasttheyreinforcethemselves,withsomehelpfromthewarmingclimate.(突發(fā)性干旱的有趣之處在于，在氣候變暖的幫助下，它們會以多么快的速度自我強化)”可知，地球變暖是造成突發(fā)性干旱的直接原因。故選C。【11題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Slowingemissionscanreducetherisksignificantly,butwefoundflashdroughtswouldstillincreasebyabout6%worldwideunderlow-emissionconditions.(減緩排放可以顯著降低風(fēng)險，但我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在低排放條件下，全球突發(fā)性干旱仍將增加約6%)”可知，減少碳足跡可以減少干旱的風(fēng)險。故選A。(D)ScientistsattheUniversityofMassachusettshaveinventedanewwaytoproduceelectricity.Theirmethodusessuper-tinyholestomakeelectricityfrommoisture(水分)intheair.Thescientistshopethemethodwillonedayleadtocheap,cleanelectricityanywhereatanytime.Moistureintheairiswhathelpscreateelectricity.Waterdropletsintheaircarryanelectriccharge.Inclouds,thesewaterdropletsbuilduplargecharges,whichwelaterseeaslightning.Oneoftheresearchers,JunYao,describedthenewinventionasa“small-scale,man-madecloud”.Sincethenewdevicegenerateselectricityfromtheair,thescientistscallit“Air-gen”.Currently,thedeviceonlymakesasmallamountofelectricity—enoughtopowerasmallsensor.Butinthelabtests,theAir-gen,whichisalittlebiggerthanafingernail,producedthatelectricityalldayandallnightforaweek,poweredbynothingbuttheair.Thescientistshavetriedtomakeelectricityfromhumidity(濕度)before,butthosemethodsdidn’tworkforlong,orwereexpensivetomake.Butin2020,DrYaoandhisteamfoundawayofgettingelectricityfromhumidityusingspecial“nanowires”madefrombacteria(細菌).Intime,thatresearchledthescientiststothekeydiscoveryoftheAir-gen:almostanymaterialcancreateelectricityinthiswayaslongasithasnanopores(納米孔)oftherightsize.Thisisimportantbecauseitmeansinthefuture,thedevicescanbemadeverycheaply.TheresearchersarehopefulthattheAir-genwillbecomeanimportantgreenenergysource.ManyscientistsareimpressedwiththeideabehindtheAir-gen.ButsomehavesuggestedthatitmightbehardfortheAir-gentocreateenoughelectricitytoreallymakeadifference—especiallycomparedtopowersourceslikesolarenergy.ButDrYaoandhisteamareworkingonwaystomaketheAir-gentechnologymorepowerful.Becausethedeviceissothin,thescientistsbelievethatmanyAir-genlayers(層)couldbestacked(堆放)ontopofeachothertocreatemoreelectricitywithouttakingupmorespace.12.Whycanmoistureintheairbeusedtoproduceelectricity?A.Itvariesinstate. B.Itcarriescharge.C.Ithastinyholes. D.Ittrapslightning.13.WhatisthecurrentdisadvantageoftheAir-gen?A.Theinsufficientamountofelectricity. B.Thesmallsizeofthedevices.C.Itsinabilitytoworkatlowexpenses. D.Thelackofalternativematerial.14.WhatisDrYaoandhisteam’sattitudetotheAir-gentechnology?A.Uncertain. B.Optimistic. C.Disapproving. D.Critical.15.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.WilltheAir-gentakeoffintime? B.CreatingelectricityfromtheairC.Isairgoingtobeamoney-maker? D.Inventinggreendevicesforair〖答案〗12.B13.A14.B15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了科學(xué)家發(fā)明了一種新的方法——利用空氣中的濕氣發(fā)電。【12題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Moistureintheairiswhathelpscreateelectricity.Waterdropletsintheaircarryanelectriccharge.(空氣中的水分有助于發(fā)電?？諝庵械乃螏в须姾?”可知，空氣中的水分可以用來發(fā)電是因為它攜帶電荷。故選B?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ButsomehavesuggestedthatitmightbehardfortheAir-gentocreateenoughelectricitytoreallymakeadifference—especiallycomparedtopowersourceslikesolarenergy.(但是有些人認為，Air-gen可能很難產(chǎn)生足夠的電力來真正發(fā)揮作用，尤其是與太陽能等能源相比)”可知，Air-gen目前的缺點是電量不足。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ManyscientistsareimpressedwiththeideabehindtheAir-gen.ButsomehavesuggestedthatitmightbehardfortheAir-gentocreateenoughelectricitytoreallymakeadifference—especiallycomparedtopowersourceslikesolarenergy.ButDrYaoandhisteamareworkingonwaystomaketheAir-gentechnologymorepowerful.(許多科學(xué)家對Air-gen背后的想法印象深刻。但是有些人認為，Air-gen可能很難產(chǎn)生足夠的電力來真正發(fā)揮作用，尤其是與太陽能等能源相比。但是姚博士和他的團隊正在研究使空氣發(fā)電技術(shù)更強大的方法)”可推知，姚博士和他的團隊對Air-gen技術(shù)的態(tài)度是樂觀的。故選B。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“ScientistsattheUniversityofMassachusettsAmhersthaveinventedanewwaytomakeelectricity.Theirmethodusessuper-tinyholestomakeelectricityfrommoisture(濕氣)intheair.Thescientistshopethemethodwillonedayleadtocheap,cleanelectricityanywhereatanytime.(馬薩諸塞大學(xué)阿姆赫斯特分校的科學(xué)家們發(fā)明了一種新的發(fā)電方法。他們的方法是利用超微小的孔從空氣中的水分中發(fā)電。科學(xué)家們希望這種方法有一天能帶來隨時隨地廉價、清潔的電力)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹科學(xué)家發(fā)明了一種新的方法，利用空氣中的濕氣發(fā)電。B選項“從空氣中產(chǎn)生電力”最符合文章標題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5個小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Bodylanguage,importantlanguageHaveyouevernoticedthebigdifferencebetweensomeone’sbehaviorandhiswords?Orhaveyoueverfailedtocontrolyourbodyoncertainoccasionsasaresultofnervousness?Todaylet’sdiscusshowessentialbodylanguagecanbeinourdailycommunication.Studieshaverevealedthatintheprocessofcommunication,non-verbalexpressionhas65%to93%moreinfluencethanactualtext.___16___EmilieSuter,aseniorstudentofEHL,believesthatthesignificanceofbodylanguageisreflectedintheabilitytohelppeopleintheprocessofcommunication.___17___Bodylanguageisthebestexplanationofthebehaviorpsychologyofindividualsandgroups.___18___Withoutproperbodylanguage,youmayfindyourselftrappedinacirclewhereyoucannotintegratewiththeexternalenvironment.Therefore,youshouldalwayspayattentiontohowpeoplearoundyouusebodylanguagetoexpresstheiropinions—thisallowsyoutoaccuratelydetermineyournextmove.Fidgeting(坐立不安)maymeanthatthereisalackofinteractionbetweenthetwosidesoftheconversation.___19___LoichBatumba,vicepresidentofthestudentcouncilofEHL,saysthatheclearlyrememberssimilarexperiences:“Atthetimeofmyfirstinterview,myinterviewerandIbarelycommunicatedeye-to-eye,soIcouldclearlyfeelthattherewasalackofinterestbetweenourconversations.”Howtoestablishagoodpersonalimpressionisatopicthatpeoplehaverepeatedlydiscussed.___20___Thishasincreasedtheimportanceofphysicalactionsforus.A.Bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.B.Ofcourse,somebodylanguageisshareduniversally.C.Inrealsituations,bodylanguagemattersalotmorethanyouthink!D.Thismeansthat“howtosay”ismoresignificantthan“whattosay”.E.Turningtootherdirectionscanmeanheorshedoesnotshareyouropinion.F.Ithelpspeoplebetterunderstandtheoverallsituationandthusmakeadjustments.G.Interestingly,whatweseeisactuallythemostimportantstandardforustojudgeothers.〖答案〗16.D17.F18.C19.E20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了肢體語言的重要性?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Studieshaverevealedthatintheprocessofcommunication,non-verbalexpressionhas65%to93%moreinfluencethanactualtext.(研究表明，在交際過程中，非語言表達比實際文本的影響力高出65%~93%)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，總結(jié)上文，指出非語言表達的重要性。故D選項“這意味著‘怎么說’比‘說什么’更重要”符合語境，故選D。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“EmilieSuter,aseniorstudentofEHL,believesthatthesignificanceofbodylanguageisreflectedintheabilitytohelppeopleintheprocessofcommunication.(EHL大四學(xué)生EmilieSuter認為，肢體語言的意義體現(xiàn)在溝通過程中幫助他人的能力)”可知，本句承接上文，指出肢體語言對于人們溝通的幫助和重要性。故F選項“它有助于人們更好地了解整體情況，從而做出調(diào)整”符合語境，故選F。【18題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Withoutproperbodylanguage,youmayfindyourselftrappedinacirclewhereyoucannotintegratewiththeexternalenvironment.Therefore,youshouldalwayspayattentiontohowpeoplearoundyouusebodylanguagetoexpresstheiropinions—thisallowsyoutoaccuratelydetermineyournextmove.(如果沒有適當?shù)闹w語言，你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被困在一個無法融入外部環(huán)境的圈子里。因此，你應(yīng)該經(jīng)常注意你周圍的人是如何使用肢體語言來表達他們的意見的——這可以讓你準確地決定你的下一步行動)”可知，本段的主旨是強調(diào)肢體語言在日常生活中的重要性。故C選項“在實際情況中，肢體語言比你想象的重要得多！”符合語境，故選C?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Fidgeting(坐立不安)maymeanthatthereisalackofinteractionbetweenthetwosidesoftheconversation.(坐立不安可能意味著談話雙方之間缺乏互動)”以及后文“LoichBatumba,vicepresidentofthestudentcouncilofEHL,saysthatheclearlyrememberssimilarexperiences:“Atthetimeofmyfirstinterview,myinterviewerandIbarelycommunicatedeye-to-eye,soIcouldclearlyfeelthattherewasalackofinterestbetweenourconversations.”(EHL的學(xué)生會副主席LoichBatumba說，他清楚地記得類似的經(jīng)歷：“在我第一次面試的時候，我和面試官幾乎沒有眼神交流，所以我可以明顯感覺到我們之間的談話缺乏興趣。”)”可知，后文的例子表明，沒有眼神交流表明對方對談話缺乏興趣，故E選項“看其他方向可能意味著他或她不同意你的觀點”符合語境，故選E?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Howtoestablishagoodpersonalimpressionisatopicthatpeoplehaverepeatedlydiscussed.(如何建立良好的個人印象是人們反復(fù)討論的話題)”以及后文“Thishasincreasedtheimportanceofphysicalactionsforus.(這增加了身體活動對我們的重要性)”可知，后文提到了某事增加了身體活動對我們的重要性，故本句主要說明這件事的具體內(nèi)容，結(jié)合上文提到個人印象，推測本句與對別人的印象有關(guān)，故G選項“有趣的是，我們所看到的實際上是我們判斷別人最重要的標準”符合語境，故選G。第三部分:語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié):完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項,并在答題卷上將該選項標號涂黑。YangHaoran,bornintoafamilyofcottonfarmers,spenthischildhoodplayinginthecottonfields.He___21___howhardhisparentshadtoworkusingconventionalfarmingmethods,aswellashowautomationhas___22___productivityandsavedlabor.Havingfinisheduniversity,Yangbecamea___23___farmerhimself.However,unlikehisparents,hisexperiencehasbeenvery___24___;hemanagesover200,000squaremetersofcottonfieldsandalways___25___newwaystoimproveefficiencythroughtechnological___26___.In2018,hesawthegreatbusiness___27___ofusingdrones(無人機)infarmingandestablishedhisowncompany,which___28___13droneoperators,allofwhomarepost-90sworkerslikeYanghimself.“Wearelikeabigfamily,withmembersfromdifferentethnicgroups,”Yangsaid___29___.Inpeakgrowingseason,theymovetheir___30___inaskillfulwayoverthefieldswhileintheoff-season,theytrainlocalfarmersto___31___drones.Todate,Yang’steamhastrainedhundredsoflocalfarmers.“Thiswillenablethemto___32___newtechnologies,allowingthemto___33___theadvancesinmodernagriculture,”hesaid.Yang’s___34___doesnotendthere.Hehasrecentlytakenupaprecision(精準)farmingproject,whichusesdronestocollectdataforspectralanalysis(光譜分析),andtransmitreal-timedataoncropgrowthandsoilmoisturetotheirrigationandfertilizerequipmentforprecision___35___.21.A.recalled B.witnessed C.blamed D.assumed22.A.integrated B.tackled C.generated D.boosted23.A.cotton B.rice C.wheat D.sorghum24.A.visible B.different C.complex D.multiple25.A.transforms B.handles C.seeks D.adjusts26.A.presentation B.extension C.interaction D.innovation27.A.concept B.potential C.theory D.framework28.A.employs