山東省聊城市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期一模英語試題(解析版)

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省聊城市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期一模英語試題第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABooksthatcanhelpteensmanageanxietyChildrenexperienceanxietydifferentlyfromadults,anditalsolooksdifferentineachchild.Fortunately,bookscanserveastoolsforguidingchildrenthroughtheanxiousthoughtsandfeelingstheymayexperience.Thefollowingarefourbooksthatcanhelpchildreneffectivelymanagetheiranxiety.TheHealthyCopingColoringBookandJournalbyPookyKnightsmithThiscoloringbookisspecificallydesignedforchildrenaged8to14andactivitiesrangefromcoloringtojournalinganddrawing,allofwhicharedevelopedtohelpchildrendealwithtroublingsituations.Thedifferentactivitiescanbebeneficialforself-expression.PleaseExplainAnxietytoMe!byLaurieE.ZelingerandJordanZelingerWrittenbypsychologists,thisstorybreaksdownboththephysicalandemotionalsymptomsofanxiety.Thestorycomparesthenaturalanxietykidsfeeltodinosaursfearingbeingthreatenedinthewild.Itexplainsthatsomeanxiety(forexample,adinosaur’sanxietyaboutbeingeaten)canbeourbody’swayofprotectingusfromthreats.SeaOtterCovebyLoriLiteThisisabookthatteacheschildrenhowtouseproperbreathingtechniquestocalmdown,lowerstress,andcontrolanger.Throughplayfulseaottersandotherdelightfulcharactersinthebook,childrengettoexperiencebellybreathing.Thiseffective,self-calmingtechniqueisalsoknownasdiaphragmaticbreathingordeepbreathing.TheWorryGlassesbyDonalisaHelsleyThisbookisaboutalittlegirlnamedMJ.Ittellsthestoryofhowshelearnstodefeatherworries.Allthroughthestory,herwonderfulcounselorMissJessicapatientlyhelpsher.Thebookincludesalistofexercisesdesignedtorelievekids’anxiety.Italsoofferstipstoparentsandadultswholivewithanxiouschildren.1.What’sthecommongroundoftheactivitiesinPookyKnightsmith’sbook?A.Encouragingchildrentoexpressanxiety.B.Helpingchildrenincreaseintelligence.C.Measuringchildren’smentalhealth.D.Inspiringchildren’sartistictalent.2.WhatmethoddoesLoriLiteoffertoloweranxietylevels?A.Journalwriting. B.Controlinganger.C.Bellybreathing. D.Holdingbreath.3.Whichofthefourbooksintroducessomework-outtomanageanxiety?A.TheHealthyCopingColoringBookandJournalB.PleaseExplainAnxietytoMe!C.SeaOtterCoveD.TheWorryGlasses【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是四本可以幫助青少年控制焦慮的書籍。〖答案〗1.A2.C3.D【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Fortunately,bookscanserveastoolsforguidingchildrenthroughtheanxiousthoughtsandfeelingstheymayexperience.(幸運(yùn)的是，書籍可以作為一種工具，引導(dǎo)孩子們克服他們可能經(jīng)歷的焦慮思想和感受。)”和TheHealthyCopingColoringBookandJournalbyPookyKnightsmith部分的“Thedifferentactivitiescanbebeneficialforself-expression.(不同的活動對自我表達(dá)是有益的。)”可知，這幾本書都是幫助青少年克服焦慮的，因此PookyKnightsmith的書里的活動的共同點(diǎn)是鼓勵(lì)孩子表達(dá)焦慮。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SeaOtterCovebyLoriLite部分的“Throughplayfulseaottersandotherdelightfulcharactersinthebook,childrengettoexperiencebellybreathing.Thiseffective,self-calmingtechniqueisalsoknownasdiaphragmaticbreathingordeepbreathing.(通過書中頑皮的海獺和其他可愛的人物，孩子們可以體驗(yàn)腹式呼吸。這種有效的自我鎮(zhèn)靜技巧也被稱為橫膈膜呼吸或深呼吸。)”可知，LoriLite提供了腹式呼吸這種方法來降低焦慮水平。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheWorryGlassesbyDonalisaHelsley部分的“Thebookincludesalistofexercisesdesignedtorelievekids’anxiety.(這本書包括了一系列旨在緩解孩子們焦慮的鍛煉。)”可知，TheWorryGlasses介紹了一些管理焦慮的鍛煉方法。故選D。BAfewyearsago,IwalkedintoPaneraandplacedmyorder.AsIsatdown,Inoticedthatatthetablenexttome,therewasanoldermanwithacapeatinghissoupalone.Atthesightofthis,afeelingofsadnessbegantowashoverme.Whywasheeatingalone?Washelonely?Didhewantsomeonetokeephimcompany?Thiswasn’tthefirsttimeI’dfeltsadwhenInoticedsomeoneeatingalone.Iautomaticallyassumethey’relonelyandneedsomeonetobethereforthem.Forsomereason,eatingwithotherpeopleisthenorm.Modernsocietyhasevolvedtothepointwheremostpeopleeatwithothersanddoalmosteveryactivitytogether.Ifweneedtogetlunchbeforeaclass,we’dratheraskaroundtoseeifsomeonewillcomewithus.Butisitpossiblewejustdon’twanttoappearlonely?Forme,it’seasytogetpressuredtohavetobearoundotherpeoplewhenIseeeveryoneelsearoundmeaccompaniedbyafriendalmostallthetime.Somanypeoplearealwaysaroundsomeoneelse,andthatmaymakepeoplethinkwealwaysneedsomeonewithustofeelbetteraboutourselves.Butthat’snottrue.Wecanenjoybeingalonenoteveryoneneedstobeconstantlysurroundedbyfriendstobehappy.Andweshouldn’tbeafraidtoeataloneifthat’swhatwewanttodo.Wedon’thavetodowhateveryoneelsedoes.Ultimately,Idon’tthinkI’llevernotgetsadifIseesomeoneeatingalone,butI’llbearinmindthatmaybetheyjustwantabreakfromtheworld,ormaybetheypreferitthatway.It’simportanttorealizeseeingsomeonedoingsomethingalonedoesn’talwaysmeanthey’relonely.4.WhydoestheauthormentionherexperienceatPaneraafewyearsago?A.Tointroducethetopicofcaringforoldpeople.B.Tostartthediscussionaboutpeopleeatingalone.C.Todescribeamemorableencounter.D.Toillustratethebenefitsofeatingaloneoutside.5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthenormofeatingwithotherpeople?A.Itisagoodwaytoavoidawkwardness.B.Ithelpsmaintainsocialconnections.C.Itiscommonbutdeservesquestioning.D.Itisunreasonableandunacceptable.6.Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenpeoplearoundherhavecompanybutshedoesn’t?A.Uncomfortable. B.Isolated. C.Envious. D.Relaxed.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconvey?A.Socialrelationshipsareunnecessary.B.Peopleneedtobealonetorecharge.C.Lonelinessisunavoidableinourdailylife.D.Beingalonedoesn’tequatetoloneliness.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文，主要講的是作者對一個(gè)人獨(dú)處的一些看法?！即鸢浮?.B5.C6.A7.D【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whywasheeatingalone?Washelonely?Didhewantsomeonetokeephimcompany?(他為什么一個(gè)人吃飯？他孤獨(dú)嗎？他需要有人陪伴嗎？)”和第二段“Thiswasn’tthefirsttimeI’dfeltsadwhenInoticedsomeoneeatingalone.Iautomaticallyassumethey’relonelyandneedsomeonetobethereforthem.(這不是我第一次看到有人一個(gè)人吃飯時(shí)感到難過了。我自然而然地認(rèn)為他們很孤獨(dú)，需要有人在他們身邊。)”可知，作者提到她幾年前在Panera的經(jīng)歷是為了開始討論人們獨(dú)自吃飯的問題。故選B。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Forsomereason,eatingwithotherpeopleisthenorm.Modernsocietyhasevolvedtothepointwheremostpeopleeatwithothersanddoalmosteveryactivitytogether.Ifweneedtogetlunchbeforeaclass,we’dratheraskaroundtoseeifsomeonewillcomewithus.Butisitpossiblewejustdon’twanttoappearlonely?(出于某種原因，和別人一起吃飯是一種常態(tài)?，F(xiàn)代社會已經(jīng)發(fā)展到大多數(shù)人都和別人一起吃飯，一起做幾乎所有的活動。如果我們需要在上課前吃午飯，我們寧愿問問周圍是否有人會和我們一起去。但有沒有可能我們只是不想顯得孤獨(dú)呢？)”可知，作者認(rèn)為和別人吃飯的這種做法很常見，但值得質(zhì)疑。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Forme,it’seasytogetpressuredtohavetobearoundotherpeoplewhenIseeeveryoneelsearoundmeaccompaniedbyafriendalmostallthetime.(對我來說，當(dāng)我看到身邊的每個(gè)人幾乎都有朋友陪伴時(shí)，我很容易感到壓力。)”可知，當(dāng)她周圍的人都有人陪伴，而她卻沒有時(shí)，作者感到不舒服，故選A。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“It’simportanttorealizeseeingsomeonedoingsomethingalonedoesn’talwaysmeanthey’relonely.(重要的是要意識到，看到某人獨(dú)自做某事并不總是意味著他們孤獨(dú)。)”可知，作者想要傳達(dá)的信息是獨(dú)處并不等于孤獨(dú)。故選D。CCrowdedstreets,noise,andunattractivegreybuildingscanbeboringandstressful.Asolutiontosuchproblemsmaylieinnature,whichcanhavecalmingandrenewingpower.Introducingvegetationorcolorfuldesignsmaymakecitiesmorelivable.However,growingplantsorcoveringbuildingsinpainttotesttheseapproachesisexpensiveandinconvenient.Moreover,studyingthesephenomenaoutdoorscanbetricky,asmanyfactorscanaffectthefinalresults.“Measuringpleasureandmotivationinnaturalsettingsisextremelyhard,”explainedProf.YvonneDelevoye-TurrelloftheUniversityofLille.“Humanreactionsaresensitivetoenvironmentalchanges,suchasweatherortraffic.Consequently,weusedvirtualrealitytomeasurereactionstothesefactorsinavirtualurbanspace.”Usingvirtualreality,theteamcreatedanimmersive(沉浸式的)urbanenvironmentwitheithernovegetationorsomegreenvegetation,aswellasintroducedcolorfulpatternsontoapath.Thentheyinvitedstudentstoparticipateinthestudy.WearingaVRheadsetandwalkingonthespot,thestudentsspenttimeexploringthevirtualenvironment.Tofindoutwherethevolunteerswerelookingandforhowlong,eachheadsetincludedaneyetracker.Theresearchersfoundthatthestudentswalkedmoreslowlywhentherewasgreenvegetationpresentintheexperiment,andtheirheartrateincreased.Theywouldspendlesstimelookingatthegroundandmoretimeobservingtheirsurroundings.Theseresultsindicateapleasurableexperience.Brightcolorpatternsalonedidnothavequitethesameupliftingeffectasthegreenvegetation,buttheyinspiredinterestandpassionofthestudentsandattractedtheirstarewhileincreasingtheirheartrate.Virtualrealitycouldbeavaluabletoolforurbanplanners,enablingthemtovirtuallytesttheimpactofvariousfactors.Inthefuture,theresearchershopetomaketheVRexperienceevenmoreimmersivetoobtainthemostaccurateresults.8.WhatdoesDelevoye-Turrellthinkisdifficultforthesolutiontoboringcitylife?A.Sensingpeople’sreactionstopleasure.B.Havingreasonabledesignsforbuildings.C.ApplyingVRtechnologytocityplanning.D.Testingtheeffectsintherealworld.9.Howdoesvirtualrealityworkinthestudy?A.Bycreatinganimmersivevirtualurbanenvironment.B.Byinvitingstudentstowalkinthestreet.C.Bycoveringthepathwithcolorfulpatterns.D.Bycreatingvirtualparticipants.10.Whatcanbeinferredaboutbrightcolorpatterns?A.Theyguidedstudentstofindgreensinreallife.B.Theyhelpedstudentscontroltheirstrongemotions.C.Theyawakenedstudents’enthusiasm.D.Theyweakenedtheimpactofvegetation.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Citybuildingstakepleasureawayfrompeople.B.Natureempowerspeopleinspecialways.C.VRhelpstesttheeffectofcolorsandgreensincities.D.Colorsandgreensincitiespromotehumanhealth.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了利用虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)創(chuàng)造虛擬的城市環(huán)境來幫助測試自然對人的影響的研究。〖答案〗8.D9.A10.C11.C【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Crowdedstreets,noise,andunattractivegreybuildingscanbeboringandstressful.Asolutiontosuchproblemsmaylieinnature,whichcanhavecalmingandrenewingpower.(擁擠的街道、噪音和沒有吸引力的灰色建筑會讓人感到無聊和壓力。解決這些問題的辦法可能在于大自然，它具有鎮(zhèn)靜和恢復(fù)活力的力量。)”和第二段““Measuringpleasureandmotivationinnaturalsettingsisextremelyhard,”explainedProf.YvonneDelevoye-TurrelloftheUniversityofLille.(Lille大學(xué)的YvonneDelevoye-Turrell教授解釋說：“在自然環(huán)境中測量快樂和動機(jī)是非常困難的?！?”可知，解決無聊的城市生活的辦法的困難在于在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中測試它的效果。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Usingvirtualreality,theteamcreatedanimmersive(沉浸式的)urbanenvironmentwitheithernovegetationorsomegreenvegetation,aswellasintroducedcolorfulpatternsontoapath.(利用虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)，該團(tuán)隊(duì)創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)沉浸式的城市環(huán)境，要么沒有植被，要么有一些綠色植被，并在路徑上引入了彩色圖案)”可知，虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)通過創(chuàng)造一個(gè)沉浸式的虛擬城市環(huán)境在研究中發(fā)揮作用。故選A?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Brightcolorpatternsalonedidnothavequitethesameupliftingeffectasthegreenvegetation,buttheyinspiredinterestandpassionofthestudentsandattractedtheirstarewhileincreasingtheirheartrate.(明亮的色彩圖案本身并沒有綠色植被那么令人振奮的效果，但它們激發(fā)了學(xué)生們的興趣和激情，吸引了他們的目光，同時(shí)增加了他們的心率)”可知，鮮艷的色彩圖案喚醒了學(xué)生的激情。故選C?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段““Measuringpleasureandmotivationinnaturalsettingsisextremelyhard,”explainedProf.YvonneDelevoye-TurrelloftheUniversityofLille.(Lille大學(xué)的YvonneDelevoye-Turrell教授解釋說：“在自然環(huán)境中測量快樂和動機(jī)是非常困難的?！?”和第二段“Consequently,weusedvirtualrealitytomeasurereactionstothesefactorsinavirtualurbanspace.(因此，我們使用虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)來測量在虛擬城市空間中對這些因素的反應(yīng)。)”可知，本文主要講的是利用虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)創(chuàng)造虛擬的城市環(huán)境來幫助測試自然對人的影響的研究，因此本文的主旨是C選項(xiàng)“VRhelpstesttheeffectofcolorsandgreensincities.(VR有助于測試城市中顏色和綠色的效果。)”。故選C。DFormanypeople,itishardtoimaginewhatitisliketolosetheirsenseofsmell.Knownas“anosmia”,lossofsmellcanhaveasubstantialeffectonouroverallwellbeingandqualityoflife.Butwhileasuddenrespiratoryinfection(呼吸道感染)mightleadtoatemporarylossofthisimportantsense,yoursenseofsmellmaywellhavebeengraduallyerodingawayforyearsduetosomethingelse-airpollution.ExposuretoPM2.5haspreviouslybeenlinkedwithsmellloss,buttypicallyonlyinoccupationalorindustrialsettings.Butnewresearchisnowstartingtorevealthetruescaleandthepotentialdamagecausedbythepollutionwebreatheineveryday.Ontheundersideofourbrainsliestheolfactorybulb(嗅球).Thissensitivebitoftissueisessentialfortheenormouslyvariedpictureoftheworldwegetfromoursenseofsmell.It’salsoourfirstlineofdefenseagainstvirusesandpollutantsenteringthebrain.But,withrepeatedexposuretoPM2.5,thesedefensesslowlygetworndown.“Ourdatashowthere’sa1.6to1.7-foldincreasedriskofdevelopinganosmiawithsustainedparticulatepollution(粒狀物污染),”saysMurugappanRamanathan,arhinologist.OneMexicanstudyin2006,whichusedstrongcoffeeandorangeodorsshowedthatresidentsofMexicoCitywhichoftenstruggleswithairpollution—tendedtohaveapoorersenseofsmellonaveragethanpeoplelivinginruralareasofthecountry.So,shouldwecarethatairpollutiontowhichweareallexposed-isdamagingoursenseofsmellandcausinganosmia?Clearly,theanswerisyes.Ramanathansays,“Airqualitymatters.Ithinkweneedtightregulationsandcontrol.Manypeoplemaynotevenrealizethepollutiontheyareexposedto.Buteventheeveryday,lowlevelairpollutionweareexposedtoshouldbetakenmoreseriously.”12.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“erodingaway”meaninparagraph1?A.Evolving. B.Becomingweak.C.Becomingsharp. D.Appearing.13.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A.ExposuretoPM2.5hasnothingtodowithsmellloss.B.Thepollutionwebreatheinonadailybasismaycauseharm.C.Ournosestopsvirusesandpollutantsfromenteringthebrain.D.Ourdefenseswilldisappearquicklywithairpollutionexposure.14.WhatdoesthestudyrevealaboutpeopleinMexicoCity?A.Theyhavedevelopedanosmiawithairpollution.B.Theirsenseofsmellispoorerthanruralpeople’s.C.Theyoftenconsumestrongcoffee.D.Theytendtohaveagoodsenseofsmell.15.Whatwilltheauthorprobablytalkaboutnext?A.Howweshouldreacttoairpollution.B.Whatweshoulddotoprotecttheenvironment.C.Whatstepswecantaketorecoverfromanosmia.D.Howwecanimproveourlifequality.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了空氣污染對嗅覺喪失是有影響的。〖答案〗12.B13.B14.B15.A【12題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Knownas“anosmia”,lossofsmellcanhaveasubstantialeffectonouroverallwellbeingandqualityoflife.(嗅覺喪失被稱為“嗅覺缺失癥”，會對我們的整體健康和生活質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生重大影響)”及“asuddenrespiratoryinfection(呼吸道感染)mightleadtoatemporarylossofthisimportantsense(突然的呼吸道感染可能會導(dǎo)致這種重要感覺的暫時(shí)喪失)”可知，此處是在說嗅覺的喪失。由此可知，劃線短語erodingaway意為“逐漸消失”，和becomingweak意思相近，故選B。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Butnewresearchisnowstartingtorevealthetruescaleandthepotentialdamagecausedbythepollutionwebreatheineveryday.(但新的研究現(xiàn)在開始揭示我們每天呼吸的污染的真實(shí)規(guī)模和潛在危害)”可推知，我們每天吸入的污染可能會造成傷害。故選B。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“OneMexicanstudyin2006,whichusedstrongcoffeeandorangeodorsshowedthatresidentsofMexicoCitywhichoftenstruggleswithairpollution—tendedtohaveapoorersenseofsmellonaveragethanpeoplelivinginruralareasofthecountry.(2006年，墨西哥的一項(xiàng)研究使用了濃郁的咖啡和橙味，結(jié)果顯示，經(jīng)常與空氣污染作斗爭的墨西哥城居民的平均嗅覺往往比生活在該國農(nóng)村地區(qū)的人差)”可知，這項(xiàng)研究揭示了墨西哥城人的嗅覺比農(nóng)村人差。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Buteventheeveryday,lowlevelairpollutionweareexposedtoshouldbetakenmoreseriously.(但即使是我們每天暴露在低水平的空氣污染中，也應(yīng)該更加重視)”可推知，作者接下來可能會談?wù)撐覀儜?yīng)該如何應(yīng)對空氣污染。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverpausedtoseecloudswhenyourushtoyourdestination?There’sagroupofpassionate“treasurefinders”dedicatedtoobservingandcapturingthebeautyintheskycloudspotters.Cloudspotterstakeamoreseriousapproachtomakesenseofthesky.____16____JiYun,36,isanexpertincloudspotting.HesetupaWeChatgrouptogathertogetherpeoplewithsimilarhobbiesin2013.Asthenumberofgroupmemberscontinuedtogrow,JiandseveralcloudenthusiastscreateddozensofonlinegroupsfordifferentregionsinChina,formingtheSkyEnthusiastsAssociationin2019.____17____Powercomesinnumbers.Threeyearsaftertheassociationwasformed,cloudenthusiastsfromalloverChinahadcollectedeverykindofcloudintheInternationalCloudAtlas,areferencebytheWorldMeteorologicalOrganization.____18____Cloudspotting,infact,isaninvitationtobeamazedbysomethingsocommoneverydaythatwe’vebecomeblindto.“You’renotgoingtobeworryingtoomuchaboutwhatformationitisandwhyitlooksthewayitdoes.”GavinPretor-Pinney,founderoftheCloudAppreciationSociety,toldAtlasObscura.Indeed,JiangXinweiinJilinfindscloudspottingrelaxing.Eventhoughsheisgoingthroughhertoughestschoolyearingrade12,Jiangmaintainsthishobbyasashortbreakfromherheavyschoolwork.“Observingthecloudshasbecomeahabitforme,”the17-year-oldsaid.“____19____.”“Cloudschangeintheblinkofaneye.____20____”saidJiangNa,a25-year-oldcloudspotterinBeijing.A.Currently,therearethousandsofpeopleacrossdifferentgroups.B.Thisoftenleadsustothinkabouttherelationshipbetweenhumansandnature.C.Theytakephotosofthecloudsandmatchthemtocloudtypenames.D.MyworriesandtroublesseemtofadeawayasIlookup.E.Butthatisnottosayallcloudsspottersneedtogotosuchgreatlengths.F.Cloudspottingcanalsomakesomepeoplefeelblue.G.Whentheyrolloverthesky,Ifeelthepassageoftimehasaconcreteshape.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要介紹的是云觀測者JiYun的故事?！即鸢浮?6.C17.A18.E19.D20.G【16題詳析】空前“Cloudspotterstakeamoreseriousapproachtomakesenseofthesky.(云觀測者采取更嚴(yán)肅的方法來理解天空。)”講的是云觀測者的工作，空格處應(yīng)該繼續(xù)說云觀測者還要干什么，C選項(xiàng)“Theytakephotosofthecloudsandmatchthemtocloudtypenames.(他們拍攝云的照片，并將它們與云的類型名稱相匹配。)”說明了云觀測者除了做空前的事情外還做什么，因此C選項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳析】空前“Asthenumberofgroupmemberscontinuedtogrow,JiandseveralcloudenthusiastscreateddozensofonlinegroupsfordifferentregionsinChina,formingtheSkyEnthusiastsAssociationin2019.(隨著小組成員數(shù)量的持續(xù)增長，Ji和幾位云愛好者在中國不同地區(qū)創(chuàng)建了數(shù)十個(gè)在線小組，并于2019年成立了SkyEnthusiastsAssociation。)”說明了SkyEnthusiastsAssociation的成立，空格處應(yīng)該說這個(gè)協(xié)會的相關(guān)情況，A選項(xiàng)“Currently,therearethousandsofpeopleacrossdifferentgroups.(目前，有成千上萬的人來自不同的群體。)”說明了協(xié)會里有成千上萬的人，是關(guān)于這個(gè)協(xié)會的，因此A選項(xiàng)承接上文，符合語境，故選A?！?8題詳析】空后“Cloudspotting,infact,isaninvitationtobeamazedbysomethingsocommoneverydaythatwe’vebecomeblindto.(事實(shí)上，觀云是一種邀請，讓我們對日常生活中常見的東西感到驚訝，而我們卻視而不見。)”說明觀云其實(shí)很容易做到，也就是不那么困難，E選項(xiàng)“Butthatisnottosayallcloudsspottersneedtogotosuchgreatlengths.(但這并不是說所有的云觀測者都需要花這么大的力氣)”說明云觀測者不需要費(fèi)那么大勁，也就是觀云是挺容易做到的，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選E?！?9題詳析】空前“Observingthecloudshasbecomeahabitforme(觀云已經(jīng)成為我的習(xí)慣)”是JiangXinwei在談?wù)撚^云對自己的影響，空格處也應(yīng)該是這方面的內(nèi)容，D選項(xiàng)“MyworriesandtroublesseemtofadeawayasIlookup.(當(dāng)我抬頭時(shí)，我的煩惱和煩惱似乎都消失了。)”說明的是觀云對JiangXinwei的影響，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選D?！?0題詳析】空前“Cloudschangeintheblinkofaneye.(云在眨眼之間變化。)”說明了云變化得很快，是描述云的，空格處也應(yīng)該是描述云的，G選項(xiàng)“Whentheyrolloverthesky,Ifeelthepassageoftimehasaconcreteshape.(當(dāng)它們在天空翻滾時(shí)，我感覺時(shí)間的流逝有了具體的形狀。)”也是描述云的，說明了云翻滾時(shí)作者的感覺，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選G。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。RumeysaGurbuzwasathomeasleeponFebruary6inthecityofIskenderunonTurkey’sMediterraneancoastwhenamagnitude7.8earthquakeattackedtheregion.Thequakecaused____21____damageinIskenderun.Fortunately,herbelovedpetcatLeylawokeherup15minutesbeforetheearthquake____22____,enablingherto____23____.Whenthequakehit,Gurbuzjumpedoutthewindowofherhome,only____24____herlegs.“IfIhadn’twokenup,Iwouldhavebeeninthe____25____,GurbuzsaidincommentsprovidedtoNewsweekbyanimalwelfarenonprofitHumaneSocietyInternational(HSI).”I____26____heralot.Wearealive,andthereis____27____.”Afterbeinginjuredinthequake,Gurbuzwas____28____toahospital.ButshepostedanarticleontheInternetinadesperateattemptto____29____Leyla.HSIsawthe____30____andbegansearchingforthecatbutfinallywas____31____.KellyDonithan,HSI’sdirectorofanimaldisasterresponsewhowashelpingto____32____Leyla,askedGurbuztosendheravoicemessagecallingthepet’snameinanattemptto____33____thecatout.Afteralotof____34____,thetrickworkedandthe____35____petfinallyemergedfromtheruins.21.A.potential B.significant C.some D.possible22.A.struck B.stopped C.spread D.accelerated23.A.help B.shout C.cry D.escape24.A.protecting B.cutting C.injuring D.losing25.A.shelter B.ruins C.house D.square26.A.love B.hurt C.owe D.cheat27.A.hope B.time C.family D.home28.A.sent B.returned C.guided D.released29.A.memorize B.honor C.find D.miss30.A.notice B.post C.picture D.letter31.A.unforgettable B.shameful C.satisfying D.unsuccessful32.A.catch B.await C.expect D.locate33.A.pull B.attract C.chase D.frighten34.A.patience B.advice C.passion D.warning35.A.happy B.surprised C.scared D.sad【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了RumeysaGurbuz所在的城市遭遇嚴(yán)重地震，多虧了她的貓萊拉，她及時(shí)逃生了，只傷到了腿。她最終也在動物福利組織的幫助下找回了受驚的萊拉?！即鸢浮?1.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.C27.A28.A29.C30.B31.D32.D33.B34.A35.C【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：地震在伊斯肯德倫造成了嚴(yán)重的破壞。A.potential潛在的；B.significant嚴(yán)重的，重要的；C.some一些；D.possible可能的。根據(jù)上文“RumeysaGurbuzwasathomeasleeponFebruary6inthecityofIskenderunonTurkey’sMediterraneancoastwhenamagnitude7.8earthquakeattackedtheregion.(2月6日，土耳其地中海沿岸城市伊斯肯德倫發(fā)生7.8級地震，RumeysaGurbuz正在家中睡覺)”可知，此處指地震造成了嚴(yán)重的破壞。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，她心愛的寵物貓萊拉在地震發(fā)生前15分鐘叫醒了她，使她得以逃生。A.struck打，襲擊；B.stopped停止；C.spread傳播；D.accelerated加速。根據(jù)上文“beforetheearthquake”此處指地震襲來應(yīng)用動詞struck。后文“thequakehit”也是〖提示〗。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，她心愛的寵物貓萊拉在地震發(fā)生前15分鐘叫醒了她，使她得以逃生。A.help幫助；B.shout叫喊；C.cry哭泣；D.escape逃走。根據(jù)上文“herbelovedpetcatLeylawokeherup15minutesbeforetheearthquake”可知，因?yàn)楸回埥行?，她得以從地震中逃生。故選D。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：地震來襲時(shí)，Gurbuz從她家的窗戶跳了出去，只傷了腿。A.protecting保護(hù)；B.cutting切割；C.injuring受傷；D.losing失去。根據(jù)后文“Afterbeinginjuredinthequake”此處指她的腿受傷了。故選C。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“如果我沒有醒來，我就會在廢墟里，”Gurbuz在動物福利非營利組織國際人道協(xié)會向《新聞周刊》提供的評論中說。A.shelter庇護(hù)所；B.ruins廢墟；C.house房子；D.square廣場。根據(jù)上文“IfIhadn’twokenup,Iwouldhavebeeninthe”為虛擬語氣可知，此處指沒有從地震中逃生就會被埋在廢墟里。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我欠她很多。A.love愛；B.hurt傷害；C.owe欠錢；D.cheat欺騙。根據(jù)上文可知，她的貓救了她的命，所以說欠她很多，owesb.alot表示“虧欠某人”。故選C。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們還活著，還有希望。A.hope希望；B.time時(shí)間；C.family家庭；D.home家。根據(jù)上文“Wearealive,andthereis”指活著就有希望。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在地震中受傷后，Gurbuz被送往醫(yī)院。A.sent發(fā)送；B.returned返回；C.guided指導(dǎo)；D.released釋放。根據(jù)后文“toahospital”可知，她因?yàn)槭軅凰屯t(yī)院了。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但她在網(wǎng)上發(fā)了一篇文章非常想找到萊拉。A.memorize記??；B.honor尊重；C.find找到；D.miss錯(cuò)過。根據(jù)后文“begansearchingforthecat”可知，發(fā)帖是為了找到自己的貓萊拉。故選C。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：HSI看到了這個(gè)帖子，開始尋找這只貓，但最終沒有成功。A.notice通知；B.post帖子；C.picture圖片；D.letter信。呼應(yīng)上文“shepostedanarticleontheInternet”指看到網(wǎng)上發(fā)布找貓的帖子。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：HSI看到了這個(gè)帖子，開始尋找這只貓，但最終沒有成功。A.unforgettable難忘的；B.shameful羞愧的；C.satisfying令人滿意的；D.unsuccessful不成功的。根據(jù)上文“butfinallywas”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明找貓沒有成功。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幫助找到萊拉的動物災(zāi)難反應(yīng)主任凱利·多尼森讓Gurbuz給她發(fā)一條叫著萊拉名字的語音信息，試圖把這只貓吸引出來。A.catch抓住；B.await等待；C.expect期待；D.locate定位，找到。根據(jù)上文“KellyDonithan,HSI’sdirectorofanimaldisasterresponsewhowashelpingto”可知，主任凱利·多尼森想要幫助找到萊拉，即確定貓的位置，故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幫助找到萊拉的動物災(zāi)難反應(yīng)主任凱利·多尼森讓Gurbuz給她發(fā)一條叫著萊拉名字的語音信息，試圖把這只貓吸引出來。A.pull拉；B.attract吸引；C.chase追趕；D.frighten使害怕。根據(jù)上文“avoicemessagecallingthepet’snameinanattemptto”可知，信息的目的是為了吸引貓聽到主人的聲音出來。故選B。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過一番耐心等待，這招奏效了，受驚的寵物終于從廢墟中鉆了出來。A.patience耐心；B.advice建議；C.passion激情；D.warning警告。根據(jù)上文可知要通過聲音吸引貓出來需要耐心。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過一番耐心等待，這招奏效了，受驚的寵物終于從廢墟中鉆了出來。A.happy快樂的；B.surprised驚訝的；C.scared害怕的；D.sad悲傷的。根據(jù)后文“petfinallyemergedfromtheruins”可知，貓因?yàn)榈卣鹗荏@，最終從廢墟里出來了。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。NestleddeepwithintheTibetanPlateauofChina,Yadingboastssomeofthemostimpressivenaturalsceneryintheworld.YadingNatureReserveishome____36____threemountains—Chenresig,ChanaDorje,andJampelyang—which____37____(regard)asholybylocalpeopleandrepresentsympathy,wisdomandpower.Thesetoweringpeaks,eachbeingmorethan6,000meters,provide____38____dramaticsettingfortheattractivelandscapesbelow.One____39____(suggest)waytoexploreYadingistohikealongonepathofthereserve.Forexample,theKoraaroundChanaDorjeoffersa____40____(challenge)hikewhichtakesyouthroughdenseforestsandoversnow-coveredpasses.Forvisitors____41____preferamoreleisurelypace,theycanenjoyhorsebackrides,takeadipinthehotsprings,or____42____(simple)sitbackandadmiretheviewwhiletastinglocallybrewedyakbuttertea.Ifyou’replanningonvisitingYading,bearinmindthatit’saremotelocation____43____thataccommodationoptionsarelimited.However,thereareafewguesthousesavailable,aswellasseveralrestaurantsservinglocalcuisine.YadingisoneofChina’sbestkept____44____(secret).Whetheryou’reanaturelover,ahikingenthusiast,orjustlonging_____45_____(escape)thehustleandbustle(喧囂)ofcitylife,Yadingisundoubtedlyworthyofaplaceonyourtravelbucketlist.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了亞丁自然保護(hù)區(qū)的特色?！即鸢浮?6.to37.areregarded38.a39.suggested40.challenging41.who##that42.simply43.and44.secrets45.toescape【36題詳析】考查介詞。句意：亞丁自然保護(hù)區(qū)有三座山——禪列西、禪那多杰和Jampelyang，它們被當(dāng)?shù)厝艘暈槭ド剑碇?、智慧和力量。短語behometo表示“是……的家園”。故填to?！?7題詳析】考查固定短語。句意：亞丁自然保護(hù)區(qū)有三座山——禪列西、禪那多杰和Jampelyang，它們被當(dāng)?shù)厝艘暈槭ド剑碇?、智慧和力量。短語beregardedas表示“被視為……”，陳述事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且定語從句中謂語與先行詞mountains保持一致，用復(fù)數(shù)。故填areregarded。【38題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：這些高聳的山峰，每座都超過6000米，為下面迷人的風(fēng)景提供了一個(gè)戲劇性的背景。此處setting為泛指，且dramatic是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：探索亞丁的一個(gè)建議是沿著保護(hù)區(qū)的一條小路徒步旅行。修飾名詞way用形容詞suggested“被建議的”，故填suggested。【40題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：例如，ChanaDorje周圍的Kora提供了一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的徒步旅行，帶你穿過茂密的森林和白雪覆蓋的隘口。修飾名詞hike應(yīng)用形容詞challenging，故填challenging?！?1題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：對于喜歡悠閑生活的游客來說，他們可以騎馬，泡溫泉，或者只是坐下來欣賞風(fēng)景，品嘗當(dāng)?shù)蒯勗斓年笈Ｋ钟筒?。定語從句修飾先行詞visitors，在從句作主語，指人，故填who/that?！?2題詳析】考查副詞。句意：對于喜歡悠閑生活的游客來說，他們可以騎馬，泡溫泉，或者只是坐下來欣賞風(fēng)景，品嘗當(dāng)?shù)蒯勗斓年笈Ｋ钟筒?。修飾動詞sit應(yīng)用副詞simply，故填simply?！?3題詳析】考查連詞。句意：如果你計(jì)劃去亞丁旅游，請記住這是一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)的地方，住宿選擇也很有限。此處連接兩個(gè)賓語從句，為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞and。故填and。【44題詳析】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：亞丁是中國保守得最好的秘密之一。此處為oneof+最高級+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填secrets?！?5題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：無論你是一個(gè)自然愛好