閱讀理解之說明文 解析版 2022屆高三英語百所名校好題分類快遞

2022屆高三英語百所名校好題分類快遞

專題03（閱讀理解之說明文）解析版

01黑龍江省哈爾濱市第三中學(xué)校2022屆高三開學(xué)考試英語試題

話題：人與社會主題：太空種植食物新方法

Nomatterhowexcitingspaceexplorationsounds,there5savitalpointaboutitthatneedstobeconsidered:

foodsupplies.Rightnow,astronautstypicallyrelyondryfoodinairtightbagsandcans,sincetherearestrictweight

limitsonitemstakenintospace.Foodsthatwetakeforgranted,suchasfreshfruitsandvegetables,areoutofthe

questionforspaceexplorers.-

Forthosewho'veattemptedtogrowfoodduringspacemissions,they'vefacedmanydifficulties,including

theabsenceofgravity,andalackofsoil,airandhumidity（濕度）.However,asShaneTopham,anengineerwith

SpaceDynamicsLaboratoryatUtahStateUniversityintheUS,toldNASA,"Growingfoodtosupplementand

minimizethefoodthatmustbecarriedtospacewillbeincreasinglyimportantonlong-durationmissions.^^

Greateffortshavebeenmadetoexploretheconceptofspacefarming.Recently,ateamledbyFedericoMaggi

attheUniversityofSydneyinAustraliafiguredouthowplantscanabsorbnutrientsfromhumanurine（尿），as

reportedbyNewScientistonMarch27/

Afterover20yearsofexperiments,theresultssuggestedthathumanurinecouldsupplythreetofouroutofthe

sixnutrientsthatplantsneed.Theresearchersalsofoundoutthaturine-fertilizedplantsproducenoharmful

by-products,suchascarbondioxideorammonia（氨）.

AccordingtoNewScientist,humanurineis95percentwater,withtheother5percentcomposedofnutrients

whichareharmfultothehumanbodybutnottoplants.Theadvantageofthisurine-fueledlifesupportsystemis

obvious:Byrecyclingliquidwasteandproducingfood,anefficientcyclewillbecreated.

Andmostimportantly,saidNewScientist,thedurationofspacemissionswillbegreatlyextendedto"20years

offlight”,meaningwemaybesoonsendingastronautsonmissionstoMars,orevenbeyond.

13.Spacefarmingisimportantmainlybecause.

A.foodbroughtfromEarthgoesbadeasilyduringspaceflights

B.itwillkeepastronautsbusywhentheyareonlong-termspacemissions

C.itcouldprovidefreshfoodandreducetheneedtobringfoodfromEarth

D.it'sawayfbrastronautstolearnmoreabouttheenvironmentinspace

14.WhatcanwelearnfromtheUniversityofSydneyresearch?

A.Humanurineisharmlesstoplants.

B.Humanurineprovidessixnecessarynutrientsforplants.

C.Urinefertilizerissaferandmoreproductivethanchemicalfertilizer.

D.Urine-fertilizedplantsonlyreleaseasmallamountofcarbondioxide.

15.Whatisthebiggestadvantageofusinghumanurineforspacefarming,accordingtoNewScientist?

A.Itcouldpavethewayforlong-termspaceflights.-

B.Itdoeslittleharmtotheenvironmentinspace.

C.Itwillgreatlyreducethecostoffarminginspace.

D.Urine-fertilizedplantsarehealthierandtastebetter.

16.What'sthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thesignificanceofspacefarming.

B.Apossiblenewwaytogrowfoodinspace.

C.Howtousehumanurinetoproducefoodinspace.

D.Problemsfacingastronautsonlong-termspaceflights.

13-16CAAB

本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了科學(xué)家們通過研究找出了一種可以在太空中種植食物的方法并闡述了

這一方法的優(yōu)勢和發(fā)展前景。

13.Co細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句以及第二段uGrowingfoodtosupplementandminimizethefoodthat

mustbecarriedtospacewillbeincreasinglyimportantonlong-durationmissions.可知，太空農(nóng)場之所以重要，

主要是因為它可以提供新鮮的食物，減少從地球帶來食物的需求。故選C。

14.Ao細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AccordingtoNewScientist,humanurineis95percentwater,withthe

other5percentcomposedofnutrientswhichareharmfultothehumanbodybutnottoplants.可知，我們能從

悉尼大學(xué)的研究中學(xué)到人類尿液對植物無害。故選A一

15.Ao細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Andmostimportantly,saidNewScientist,thedurationofspacemissionswill

begreatlyextendedto"20yearsofflight”,meaningwemaybesoonsendingastronautsonmissionstoMars,or

evenbeyond,"可知，據(jù)《新科學(xué)家》報道，將人類尿液用于太空養(yǎng)殖的最大優(yōu)勢是這可能為長期太空飛行

鋪平道路。故選Ao-

16.Bo主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第三段第二句可知，本文講述了科學(xué)家們通過一系列研究，

找出了?種可以在太空中種植食物的方法并闡述了這一方法的優(yōu)勢和發(fā)展前景，所以這篇課文的主要內(nèi)容

是在太空種植食物的一種可能的新方法。故選B。

02寧夏銀川一中2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次月考英語試題

話題：人與社會主題：藝術(shù)療法治療抑郁癥和焦慮癥

Art——nomatterwhetheryouchoosetocreateityourselforsimplyobserveandenjoyit—isarelaxingand

inspiringactivityformanypeople.However,theparticularbenefitsofartisticexpressiongomuchfurther.

Studiessuggestthatarttherapy（療法）canbeveryvaluableintreatingissuessuchasdepressionandanxiety

disorder.Itisagreatwaytoexpressyouremotionswithoutwords,processcomplexfeelingsandfindrelief.

Youdon'tnecessarilyhavetoseeatherapistinordertoexperiencesomeofthebenefitsofartisticexpression.

Therearemanysimpleactivitiesyoucantryfromthecomfortofyourhomesuchasartjournaling,drawing,making

collections,sculptingwithclay,etc.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatmediayouchoose.Theonlythingthatmattersisthatyou

feelcomfortableusingit.Humanbeingsarenaturallycreative,andallyouneedtodotocompleteanarttherapy

activitysuccessfullyistobewithyourselfandyouremotions.Onceyoufreeyourcreativity,yourinnerartistwill

quicklywakeup.

However,workingwithalicensedtherapistalsohasitsadvantagebecauseaprofessionalcantailoreach

activitytoyourownneeds.Iftheactivitiesaredoneinagroup,theyareexcellentforbuildinghealthyconnections

withotherpeople,whichmaybeveryhelpfulifyouarefightingdepression.

Expertsagreethatarttherapyhasmanybenefits,frompromotingyourself-respect,andprovidingyouasafe

outlettorelieveyouremotions,togivingyouasenseofcontroloveryourlifeandhelpingyoutogettoknowand

understandyourselfbetter.Duringtheprocessofartcreation,youwillbetakingyourselfonajourneyof

self-discoverythatwillhelpyougetridofemotionalroadblocks,andlearnhowtocommunicatewithyourselfand

others/

8.Whatisarttherapyusedfor?

A.Learningdrawingskills/B.Expressingartwithwords.

C.Preventingphysicaldiseases.D.Improvingmentalhealth.-

9.Tofinishasuccessfularttherapy,you'dbetter.

A.haveagiftforartB.haveastrongwill

C.behonestwithyourselfD.holdbackyouremotions-

10.Whyaregroupactivitiesneededwhendealingwithdepression?

A.Tosetanexample.B.topromotecommunication/

C.Tobuildupfriendships.D.Towakeuptheinnerartist.

11.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?

A.Explaintheadvantagesofarttherapy.B.Givesomedetailsaboutartcreation.

C.Providesomeadvicefbrreaders.-D.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

8.D9.C10.B11.A

本文是一篇說明文。研究表明，藝術(shù)療法在治療抑郁癥和焦慮癥等問題上非常有價值，并介紹了藝術(shù)

療法的優(yōu)點一

8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的uStudiessuggestthatarttherapy(?TY￡)canbeveryvaluableintreatingissues

suchasdepressionandanxietydisorder.可知，研究表明，藝術(shù)療法在治療抑郁癥和焦慮癥等問題上非常有

價值。由此可知，藝術(shù)療法用于改善心理健康。故選D項。

9.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Humanbeingsarenaturallycreative,andallyouneedlodotocompleteanarl

therapyactivitysuccessfullyistobewithyourselfandyouremotions.”可知，人類天生就有創(chuàng)造力，要想成功

完成藝術(shù)治療活動，你所需要做的就是忠于你自己和你的情感。故選C項。

10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Iftheactivitiesaredoneinagroup,theyareexcellentforbuilding

healthyconnectionswithotherpeople,whichmaybeveryhelpfulifyouarefightingdepression.w可知，如果這

些活動是在一個小組中進行的，那么它們對于與其他人建立健康的聯(lián)系是非常好的，如果你正在與抑郁癥

作斗爭，這可能會非常有幫助。故選B項。?

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的uExpertsagreethatarttherapyhasmanybenefitsv以及下文可知，在最

后一段作者打算解釋藝術(shù)療法的優(yōu)點。故選A項。

03吉林省長春外國語學(xué)校2021-2022學(xué)年高三上期期初考試英語試

話題：人與社會主題：幫助父母教嬰兒學(xué)習(xí)語言的系統(tǒng)

Expertsbelievethatthebesttimetoteachkidslanguageskillsiswhentheyarebabies.Mosttimesthetaskis

easilyaccomplishedwithparentsreadingortalkingtotheirbabies.However,insomecasesthatisnotpossibledue

toparents*busyworkschedulesorwhenkidsareborndeaf.Now,ablue-eyedrobot,ahumanimage,andsome

high-techneurosciencemaybeabletoassistparentswiththisimportantdevelopmentaltask.

TheRobotAVatarthermal-Enhancedsystem,orRAVE,isthebrainchildofateamofresearchersledby

Laura-AnnPetitto,aneducationalneuroscientist.Thelearningprocessbeginswhentherobot'scamera,whichis

focusedonthebaby'sface,noticestinychangesinhis/herbodytemperature.This,combinedwiththebaby'sfacial

expression,causestherobottoturnitsheadandguidethebaby'sattentiontoacomputerscreen,onwhichahuman

imagestartstocommunicatewiththebaby.Forexample,ifthebabypointstowardsthescreen,theimagemight

respond,“Areyoupointingtome?”andfollowthatupwithanurseryrhymeorfairytale,allinAmericanSign

Language（ASL）.The“conversation“continuesuntilthekidlosesinterest.

Theresearchersfoundthatbabiesasyoungas6to8monthsoldbegantomovetheirhandsinarhythmsimilar

toASLaftercommunicatingwithRAVEforjustafewminutes.Petittosaysnaturallanguage,whether

communicatedthroughspeechorsign,activates（激活）thesamepartsofthebrainandbelievestherhythmic

motionprovesthebabiesarelearningtheessentialelementsofcommunication.

Whatsetsthistechniqueapartfromothermethods,suchasshowingeducationalvideosortelevisionshows,is

itsinteractive（互動的）natureandreal-timeresponsetothebaby'sactions.Theresearcherssaythatwhileitistoo

earlytodeterminethesystem'slong-terminfluenceonbabycommunication,theinitialresponsehasbeenvery

encouraging.Next,theyplantointroducearobotthatcanbothsignandspeaktobabies.

8.WhatcantheRAVEsystemhelpparentsdo?

A.Improvebabies'healthcondition.

B.Takegoodcareofbabies.

C.Developbabies*languageskills.

D.Keepcompanywithbabies.

9.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.HowbabieslearnASLeffectively.

B.Howparentseducatetheirbabies.

C.Howrobotstalkandreadtobabies.

D.HowtheRAVEsystemworks.

10.WhatindicatesbabiesarelearningwiththehelpoftheRAVEsystem?

A.InterestinvideosandTVshows.

B.Changesintheirbodytemperature.

C.Improvementintheirnaturallanguage

D.HandmovementsinarhythmlikeASL.

11.WhatdotheresearchersthinkoftheRAVEsystem?

A.Promising.B.Impractical.C.Satisfactory.D.Disappointing.

8.C9.D10,DILA

這是一篇科普說明文。文章主要介紹了一種可以幫助父母教嬰兒學(xué)習(xí)語言的系統(tǒng)，以及該系統(tǒng)的工作

原理、效果評價和研究人員對這種技術(shù)的展望。

8.細節(jié)理國軍題。根據(jù)第——段最后——句“Now,ablue-eyedrobot,ahumanimage,andsomehigh-techneuroscience

maybeabletoassistparentswiththisimportantdevelopmentaltask”以及第二段內(nèi)容可知，RAVE系統(tǒng)可以幫

助父母提高嬰兒的語言能力，故選C。

9.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Thelearningprocessbeginswhentherobot'smunicatewiththe

baby”可知，該段主要介紹了RAVE系統(tǒng)的工作原理，故選D。?

10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，在和RAVE系統(tǒng)交流之后，嬰兒就會開始以類似于ASL的節(jié)奏

移動他們的手，這說明嬰兒在RAVE系統(tǒng)的幫助下正在學(xué)習(xí)。故選D。

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“theinitialresponsehasbeenveryencouraging.Next,theyplantointroducea

robotthatcanbothsignandspeaktobabies”可知，最初的反應(yīng)是令人鼓舞的，因此研究人員計劃推出下一個

機器人。據(jù)此可知，研究人員認為這種系統(tǒng)是充滿希望的，故A項“很有前途的，大有希望的“符合語境，

故選Ao

04廣東省深圳市六校2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語試題

話題：人與社會主題：面部識別算法助力識別戴面具

It'spossiblethatyourphone'sface-unlockmightfinallybeabletoworkwhileyou'rewearingamask.

Researchershavefoundthatfacialrecognitionalgorithms(算法)aregettingbelteratrecognizingfacesinmasks,

accordingtodatapublishedonTuesdaybytheNationalInstituteforStandardsandTechnology(NIST).Using

independenttestingofmorethan150separatefacialrecognitionalgorithms,thenewreportsuggestsmasksmaynot

beasbigaproblemforfacialrecognitionsystemsasinitiallythought.

WhenNISTfirstexaminedmasks,effectonfacialrecognitioninJuly2020,itfoundthatalgorithmsweren't

greatatidentifyingfaceswithmasks.uFacerecognitioncanmakeerrors,whichcanimplicatepeopleforcrimesthey

haven?tcommitted,writestheElectronicFrontierFoundation(EFF).“ItisparticularlybadatrecognizingAfrican

Americansandotherethnicminorities,women,andyoungpeople."Butthepandemichasgivendevelopersplenty

oftimetofocusonthemaskproblem,andNIST'sdatashowsthatfacialrecognitionalgorithmsaregettingbetterat

workingwithmaskedfaces."Afterthepandemic,somedevelopershavesubmittedalgorithmswhichshow

significantlyimprovedaccuracyandarenowamongthemostaccurateinourtest,"thereportreads.NIST'spublic

rankingforfacialrecognitiontestsbearsoutthisreport.Eightdifferentalgorithmsnowholdfalseratesbelow0.05

percent.

Nevertheless,thereremainanumberoflimitationstothestudy.NISTresearchersdidnotemployactualimages

ofmaskedfaces.Instead,theyappliedmasksdigitallytoensureconsistencyacrossthesample.Asaresult,t4We

werenotabletogetathoroughsimulation（模仿）oftheendlessvariationsincolor,design,shape,texture,andways

maskscanbeworn,“thereportstates.Thedigitalmaskwasabluesurgicalmaskcoveringthefullwidthoftheface,

buttestersnotedthatperformancevariedconsiderablydependingonhowhighthemaskwasplacedontheface.

8.Recognizingmaskedfaceswithfacialrecognitionsystemsusedtobethoughtas.

A.effectiveB.impossibleC.easyD.challenging

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“bearout“inParagraph3mean?

A.Make.B.Prove.C.Deny.D.Oppose.-

10.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthestudy?

A.Thewaytowearmasksmayaffectrecognitionaccuracy.

B.Thedesignofamaskmakesnodifferencetofacialrecognition.

C.Facialrecognitionfailurerateswerequitelowatthebeginning.

D.Theresearchersadoptedrealsurgicalmaskstoensuretheaccuracy.

11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.LimitationsofFacialRecognitionSoftware

B.TheChallengeofRecognizingMaskedFaces-

C.TheimprovementinFacialRecognitionAlgorithms

D.DifferentApplicationsofFacialRecognitionTechnology

8.D9.B10.A11.C

本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，面部識別算法在識別戴面具的面孔方面表現(xiàn)得越來越好。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段aUsingindependenttestingofmorethan150separatefacialrecognitionalgorithms,

thenewreportsuggestsmasksmaynotbeasbigaproblemforfacialrecognitionsystemsasinitiallythought.（通

過對150多種不同的面部識別算法進行獨立測試，這份新報告表明，面具對于面部識別系統(tǒng)來說可能不像

最初想象的那樣是個大問題。）”中的asbigaproblemforfacialrecognitionsystemsasinitiallythought可知，

使用面部識別系統(tǒng)識別蒙面面孔曾被認為是一種很有挑戰(zhàn)性的（challenging）技術(shù)。故選D項。

9.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Afterthepandemic,somedevelopershavesubmittedalgorithmswhichshow

significantlyimprovedaccuracyandarenowamongthemostaccurateinourtest,“thereportreads.（“大流行之

后，一些開發(fā)人員已經(jīng)提交了算法，這些算法顯著提高了準(zhǔn)確性，現(xiàn)在在我們的測試中是最準(zhǔn)確的，”報

告寫道。）”以及aEightdifferentalgorithmsnowholdfalseratesbelow0.05percent.（現(xiàn)在有八種不同的算法

將錯誤率控制在0.05%以下。）”可知，報告稱算法提高了正確性，其中八種錯誤率在0.05%以下，進一

步推出，該公共排名證實了這個報告。bearoul意為“證實，證明”。故選B項。

10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thedigitalmaskwasabluesurgicalmaskcoveringthefullwidthoftheface,

buttestersnotedthatperformancevariedconsiderablydependingonhowhighthemaskwasplacedontheface.（數(shù)

字口罩是一種覆蓋整個臉部寬度的藍色外科口罩，但測試人員注意到，性能差異很大，取決于口罩放在臉

上的高度。）”中的dependingonhowhighthemaskwasplacedontheface可知，戴口罩的方式會影響識別

的正確性。故選A項。-

11.主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段"Researchershavefoundthatfacialrecognitionalgorithms（算

法）aregettingbetteratrecognizingfacesinmasks,（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，面部識別算法（somelhingsomething）在識

別戴面具的面孔方面表現(xiàn)得越來越好。）”可知，文章主要關(guān)于人臉識別算法的改進在識別戴面具的面孔

方面表現(xiàn)越來越好。C項“人臉識別算法的改進”符合題意，適合做標(biāo)題。故選C項。

05湖南省長沙市雅禮中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三上期入學(xué)考試英語試題

話題：人與社會主題：BeMyEyes一視力受損用戶福音網(wǎng)站

Whenaskedhowtechnologymightimprovethelivesofpeoplewithvisionimpairments（視力障礙）.Joann

Becker,avisionimpairmentstechspecialist,presentedamisleadinglysimplechallenge,saying"I'dliketobeable

tofindmybusstopthroughBeMyEyes”.

BeMyEyes,whichwentlivein2015,establishesadirectvideoconnectionbetweenvisuallyimpairedusers

andsightedvolunteers.Theassumptionissimple:Manypeoplewhoareblinddon'tneedanyactualassistancein

completingtheirdailytasks,butmerelyneedalittlehelp.

Asightedvolunteermightbeaskedtohelpidentifywhichoftwocanscontainstomatoes.Inthiscase,the

visuallyimpairedusercancookamealjustfineonhis/herown--allhe/sheneedsisaquickconfirmationthathe/she

hasthecorrectcan.Themodelappearstobeworking;morethan540.000volunteersandnearly40.000peoplewith

lowvisionareregisteredontheapp.

“Anelderlywomancannowhelpavisuallyimpairedtechniciansetuphiscomputer.^^saysfounderHans

Wiberg,whohasverylowvision.€€Shedoesn*tneedtoknowathingaboutcomputers.Sheonlyneedstoreadwhat

ispresentedonthescreen.Thenhecandotherest.”

Earlyassistivetechnologycenteredondedicateddevices（專用設(shè)備）,becauseofthenichemarket（小眾市場），

whichsoldforhundredsoreventhousandsofdollars.ButtheSmartphone,multipurposeandnear-universal,has

completelychangedtheeconomyofscale,"Therearelargermarketforcesdrivinghigh-poweredcomputation,

high-qualityengineeringandhigh-qualitybatterymanagementinthesmartphonemarketthanthoseinaspecialty

product."saysAaronSteinfeld,aresearchprofessorattheRoboticsInstituteatCarnegieMellonUniversity.

“Therealityismostsightedpeopledon*tknowsomebodywhoisbind.,,Beckersays."Theythinkthesolutions

thatablindpersonneedsarefarmoreexpansive.Itturnsouttheyneedtobe."Ithinktheseappsareenablingsighted

peopletoseethatblindpeoplejustneedsomesimplecluestohelpthemdoanynumberofthingsintheirlives.”

12.Whatisthefirstparagraphusedforinthetext?

A.Givingoneexample.B.Showingthemainidea.

C.Makingaconclusion.D.Introducingthetopic.

13.HowdoestheappBeMyEyeswork?

A.Bycreatingavideolinkbetweenthevisuallydisabledandsightedvolunteers.

B.Byrecognizingwhichoftwocanshastomatoesthatcanbecooked.

C.Byestablishinghigh-qualityengineeringandcomputation.

D.Byflashingtheeverydaytasksofthetechnicianandvolunteers.-

14.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A.Slightassistancecanhelptheblindfreefromsometroubles.

B.Volunteersshouldbeveryfamiliarwithhigh-techcomputers.

C.Onlypeoplewithlowvisionareregisteredtousetheapp.

D.JoannBeckerthinksithardtofindabusstopusingBeMyEyes.

15.Whatdoesthe5thparagraphmainlymean?

A.Thesmartphonebecomesaspecialapp.

B.Finedeviceshavechangedtheeconomy.

C.Costmatterswhenitcomestoassistivetechnology.

D.Smartphonemarkethasgreateconomicpotential.

12.D13.A14.A15.D

本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹BeMyEyes。它在2015年上線，在視力受損用戶和視力正常志愿者之

間建立了直接視頻連接。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句"BeMyEyes,whichwentlivein2015,establishesadirectvideo

connectionbetweenvisuallyimpairedusersandsightedvolunteers.（《做我的眼睛》于2015年上線，在視力受損

用戶和視力正常志愿者之間建立了直接視頻連接）”結(jié)合下文對該產(chǎn)品的介紹可知，這是本文的主題。由此

推知，第一段是為了引出文章話題。故選D項。

13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段establishesadirectvideoconnectionbetweenvisuallyimpairedusersandsighted

volunteers.（在視力受損用戶和視力正常志愿者之間建立了直接視頻連接）”可知，theappBeMyEyes是通過

在視力受損用戶和視力正常志愿者之間建立了直接視頻連接來工作的。故選A項。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Ithinktheseappsareenablingsightedpeopletoseethatblindpeoplejustneed

somesimplecluestohelpthemdoanynumberofthingsintheirlives（我認為這些應(yīng)用程序讓視力正常的人看

到，盲人只需要一些簡單的線索就可以幫助他們在生活中做很多事情）”可知，輕微的幫助可以幫助盲人擺

脫一些麻煩。故選A項。，

15.段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段的主要內(nèi)容，尤其“ButtheSmartphone,multipuiposeandnear-universal,has

completelychangedtheeconomyofscale.（但多用途、近乎通用的智能手機已經(jīng)徹底改變了規(guī)模經(jīng)濟）”可知，

本段主要陳述智能手機市場經(jīng)濟潛力巨大。故選D項。

06寧夏銀川一中2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次月考英語試題

話題：人與社會主題：正能量電影有助于人們克服恐懼

Thespidershavelong,scarylegs.Somespidersevenbite.ButSpider-Manisanotherstory.Hemighthelp

peopleseespiderslessnegatively,anewstudyfinds.

AfterMenachemBen-Ezra,aproudfanoftheMarvel（漫威漫畫公司）filmsandalsoapsychologist,sawthe

movieAnt-ManandtheWasp（黃蜂），liewalkedoutwithasuddenscientificideathatheshouldmeasurepeople

beforetheywentintothetheater,andafterwardstoseeifthefearofantswouldbereducedorchanged.

Ben-Ezraandhiscolleaguesasked424peoplequestions,aboutone-quarterofthemaboutspiders,suchas"Did

theyfindthemscary?”"Didseeingonemaketheirheartsraceandpalmssweat?”Asecondgroupreceivedsimilar

questions,thistimeaboutants.Thelasttwogroupsgotthesamequestionsaboutotherinsects.Afterward,everyone

watchedvideos.GrouponegotaSpider-Manmovie.GrouptwosawAnt-ManandtheWasp.Groupsthreeandfour

watchedunrelatedvideo-wheatwavingpeacefullyinthebreeze.

Afterviewingthemovie,Ben-Ezraagainaskedtheparticipantshowtheyfeltaboutspiders,antsorinsectsin

general-andfoundtheantandspiderexposuresseemedtomakepeopleinsensitiveandlessafraid.Between3.5and

6.1percentofpeopleexperiencesuchaphobia（恐懼癥）ofspiders.Phobiascanstoppeoplefromtraveling,

workingandenjoyingtheirlives.

Ben-Ezrahopesthattheirmovieresearchmighthelppeoplewithphobias.Buttheycautionthatpeoplewith

phobiasshouldn'tjustrunoutandwatchmoviesandexpecttheirfearstogoaway."Whatwedidisonlythefirst

stepinaverylongroad.”Ben-Ezrasays."Wedidn'tsayyou'llbecured.Wedon'thaveevidenceforthat."But

eventually,presentingpeople'sfearsinapositivecontext-suchasasuperheromovie—mighthelppeoplesurmount

theirfearordisgust.Afterall,ifspidersproduceSpicier-Man,maybethey'renotsobad.

12.HowdidBen-Ezraconductthestudy?

A.Bydoinglabexperiments.B.Byaskingquestions.

C.Byanalyzingformerdata.D.Byobservation.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordt6surmounf,inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Delete.B.Regain.

C.Discover.D.Overcome.

14.WhatdidBen-Ezraadvisepeopletodowithphobias?

A.Theyshouldnottrytofacetheirphobias.

B.Theyshouldtravel,workandenjoytheirlives.

C.Theyshouldadoptapositiveattitudetotheirfear.

D.Theymustkeepawayfromtheinsectstheyfear.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheMoviesabouttheInsectFear

B.ThePositiveEnergyofSuperheroes

C.TheCartoonCharactersMadebyMarvel

D.FightingSpiderFearwithSpider-Man

12.B13.D14.C15.D

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了正能量的電影有助于幫助人們克服對某個事物的恐懼一

12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ben-Ezraandhiscolleaguesasked424peoplequestions,aboutone-quarterof

themaboutspiders,suchas“Didtheyfindthemscary?”"Didseeingonemaketheirheartsraceandpalmssweat?”

Asecondgroupreceivedsimilarquestions,thistimeaboutants.Thelasttwogroupsgotthesamequestionsabout

otherinsects.“可知，Ben-Ezra通過詢問他人一些關(guān)于蜘蛛，螞蟻等昆蟲的問題來開展這項研究，故B項正

確一

13.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“presentingpeople'sfearsinapositivecontext-suchasasuperheromovie”可

知，把人們的恐懼呈現(xiàn)在一個像超級英雄電影這樣的積極背景下的影響也應(yīng)該是積極的，即：幫助人們克

服恐懼或厭惡，由此可知畫線詞詞義為“克服”，故D項正確。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容，特別是根據(jù)"Buttheycautionthatpeoplewithphobiasshouldn'tjustrun

outandwatchmoviesandexpecttheirfearstogoaway.可知，他們警告說，患有恐懼癥的人不應(yīng)該只是跑

出去看電影，期望他們的恐懼消失，由此可知，Ben-Ezra建議患有恐懼癥的人對自己的恐懼要采取積極的

態(tài)度，故C項正確一

15.主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段中后兩句可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)蜘蛛俠可以幫助人們減少對蜘蛛

的負面看法；再根據(jù)最后一段后兩句可知，把人們的恐懼呈現(xiàn)在一個積極的背景下，比如一部超級英雄電

影，可能會幫助人們克服恐懼或厭惡，因此本文介紹的是正能量的電影有助于幫助人們克服對某個事物的

恐懼，故D項（用蜘蛛俠來對抗對蜘蛛的恐懼）適合作文章標(biāo)題。

07山東省青島市2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期初考英語試

話題：人與社會主題：盲目閱讀不可取

IntheAncientGreekworld,onewasmeanttofocusonacloseknowledgeofjusttwobooks.Homer'sOdyssey

andhisIliad,becausethesewerethebestguidestoactioninmilitaryandcivilianaffairs.However,themodem

worldfirmlyequalstheintelligentpersonwiththewell-readperson.

Nowadays,ifwedonotrushtoreadfourofthisyear'smajorprizewinningbooks,wewillfeelguiltyathowfar

behindweare.Wethinkthatthereshouldbenolimittohowmuchwereadbecauseinanswertothequestionofwhy

weread,thereisonlyoneresponsethatwilleverbeambitiousenough:wereadinordertoknoweverything.

Butthistiringapproachtoreadingdoesnotmakeusparticularlyhappy.Soinordertoeaseandsimplifyour

lives,wemighthaveamuchmorelimited,focusedandusefulgoal.Wemight,forexample,readinordertolearn