山東省濰坊市2023屆高三年級(jí)上冊(cè)1月期末考試英語試題含解析

高三英語

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、座號(hào)、考號(hào)填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂

黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將

答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題分，滿分分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

With1,500squaremilestoexplore,fromitsromanticattractionstoitswildlandscapesandthe

easyrurallifestyle,therearenodecentpublicfacilitiesbutcertainlynoshortageofbeautifulplaces

tostaywiththeLakeDistrict.Seebelowourhand-pickedselection.

Ulverston

Linedwithcharmingcobbled（鋪鵝卵石的）streets,Ulverstonisaprettyhistoricmarkettown

locatedjustSouthoftheLakeDistrict.Itisadelightfulescapefromthecrowd-filledattractionsin

theSouthernLakes,yetisjustastone'sthrowawayfromthem.

Grasmere

Grasmereisforeverlinkedtotheworld-renownedLakelandpoets,mostnotablyWilliam

Wordsworth.Eachyear,manymakethetraveltoDoveCottageinGrasmere,wheresomeof

Wordsworth'smostfamousworkswerewritten.Fromtoweringpeakstotastytreats,aholidayin

GrasmerewouldalsonotbecompletewithoutatasteofthefamousGrasmereGingerbreadthat's

beenmadeheresincethemid-19thcentury.

Cartmel

Hometomanytraditionalstonebuildingsandcharmingscenery,Cartmelisaprimitivevillage

inSouthCumbria.Appreciatingthecolorfulglasswindowsandsculpturesmakesitamemorable

visit.Cartmel'sstickypudding,atraditionalEnglishdessertfromthisLakeDistrictvillage,isa

must-try.CartmePsrestaurantsandpubsprovideawiderangeoffoodanddrinktorechargethe

batteriesafteranexhaustinghike.

Kendal

KnownasthegatewaytotheLakes,Kendalisabusytownhostingaselectionofrestaurants

andshops,whichmakesitanexcellenttouringbase.Youcanalsoenjoythesurroundingviewsof

landscapesandlakesfromthehilltop.BothWindermereandtheCumbriancoastareeasytoreach,

makingitafinelocationforloversofbothcoastandcountryside.

1.WhatattractthetravelerstotheLakeDistrict?

A.Luxuriousfacilities.

B.Mysteriousadventures.

C.Leisurelycountrysidesights.

D.Convenienttransportationsystems.

2.Whichdestinationbestsuitsloversofliterature?

A.Ulverston.B.Grasmere.C.Cartmel.D.Kendal.

3.WhatcantouristsdoatCartmel?

A.Chargethebatteryfbrfree.

B.Tasteauniquelocalsnack.

C.Bicycleintheoldvillage.

D.Admiremodernarchitectures.

【答案】l.C2.B3.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了幾個(gè)讓人非常感到悠閑，輕松的旅行勝地。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“With1,500squaremilestoexplore,fromitsromanticattractionsto

itswildlandscapesandtheeasyrurallifestyle,therearenodecentpublicfacilitiesbutcertainlyno

shortageofbeautifulplacestostaywiththeLakeDistrict."（這里有1500平方英里可供探索，

從浪漫的景點(diǎn)到狂野的風(fēng)景，再到輕松的鄉(xiāng)村生活方式，這里沒有像樣的公共設(shè)施，但肯定

不缺乏美麗的地方。）可知，悠閑的鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)光是吸引游客到湖區(qū)來的。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Grasmere中“Eachyear,manymakethetraveltoDoveCottageinGrasmere,

wheresomeofWordsworth'smostfamousworkswerewritten.每年，許多人都會(huì)前往Grasmere

的鴿子小屋，華茲華斯最著名的一些作品就是在那里創(chuàng)作的。）可知，Grasmere這個(gè)目的地

最適合文學(xué)愛好者。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Cartmel中“Cartmel'sstickypudding,atraditionalEnglishdessertfromthis

LakeDistrictvillage,isamust-try.w（Cartmel的黏布丁是這個(gè)湖區(qū)村莊的傳統(tǒng)英式甜點(diǎn)，一定

要嘗一嘗。）可知，游客在Cartmel可以品嘗獨(dú)特的當(dāng)?shù)匦〕浴CD項(xiàng)與原文實(shí)意不符。故

選B項(xiàng)。

B

JudeandLeoHaweshavecomealongwaysincetheyenteredtheworld,bornatjust29weeks.

AirliftedfromtheirhomeinLauncestontohospitalinHobart,thetwins,nowhappyandhealthy

two-year-olds,weredeliveredintotheICUtobecaredforandmonitored.AgiftfromtheTasmanian

branchofOctopusforaPreemie（早產(chǎn)兒）forthemwasalightinthedark.

“Thesestoriesreallydoreminduswhyweallspendsomuchtimeandourownmoneymaking

theseoctopuses（章魚）JBianca,theco-fbunderoftheproject,tellsWoman'sDay."Itmeansthe

worldtomethatIcandosomethinginwhateversmallwaytomakethejourneyforthebabiesand

parentsjustthatlittlebiteasier.Ibelieveifwecanhelpothers,nomatterhowsmallawayitis,then

weshould.”

Theeight-leggedcreaturesarespeciallycreatedtocalmandcomfortearlynewborns.44In

instanceswherethebabiescan'tbeheldforweeks,orevenmonths,thefamiliarityoftheparents'

scent（氣味）ontheoctopusescanhelpwiththebondingprocessbecausebabiesalreadyknowitasa

safescentwhenparentscanfinallyholdthem,“Biancasays.

ThevolunteerprojectbeganafteranursereachedouttoBiancatocreateaprototypeofoctopus

shecouldtakeintohospitalforatrial.

“Ittookmeagoodfourtofivemonthstoteachmyselfhowtowriteapatternandgetit

approved,''explainsBianca,whocreatesthehandmadehelpfuloctopusesfornocosttofamiliesin

need.

“IstartedmakingthemasfastasIcould,butIwasn'tabletomaketheamounttheyneeded.”

SoonBiancametthegroup'sotherco-founderAndreaCareyandthepairstartedcreatingthe

creaturesintogetherintheirsparetime.

“Ihavealwaysenjoyedbeingcreativeandmyimaginationrunswildwithcolour

combinations,saysBianca,herFacebookpageOctopusforaPreemieTasmaniaaccumulating

morethan2000fbllowers/'Itmakesmyday!”

4.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?

A.Topromoteoctopusestopreemies.

B.Tocomfortthepreemies'parents.

C.Toreachouttonursesforpreemies.

D.Tobringasenseofsecurityforpreemies.

5Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“prototype“Inparagraph4?

A.Certificate.B.Model.C.Patent.D.Trademark.

6.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itiswellreceived.

BItishighlyprofitable.

C.Itneedstobeimproved.

D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.

7.WhatdoesBianca'sstoryimply?

A.Goodisrewardedwithgood.

B.Twoheadsarebetterthanone.

C.Smalldeedsmakeadifference.

D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)志愿者項(xiàng)目為新生兒提供章魚來安撫和安

慰他們，這一項(xiàng)目受到了新生兒父母的歡迎。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段""Ininstanceswherethebabiescan'tbeheldforweeks,orevenmonths,

thefamiliarityoftheparents'scent（氣味）ontheoctopusescanhelpwiththebondingprocess

becausebabiesalreadyknowitasasafescentwhenparentscanfinallyholdthem,^^Bianca

says.（Bianca說：“在寶寶幾周甚至幾個(gè)月都不能被抱著的情況下，章魚對(duì)父母的氣味的熟悉

可以幫助建立聯(lián)系，因?yàn)楫?dāng)父母終于可以抱著他們時(shí)，嬰兒已經(jīng)知道這是一種安全的氣

味可推斷，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目的是為了讓嬰兒有安全感。故選D。

【5題詳解】

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上一段"Theeight-leggedcreaturesarespeciallycreatedtocalmand

comfortearlynewborns.（這種八條腿的生物是專門用來安撫和安慰早期新生兒的。）“可知，

這是一種章魚樣子的模型，為新生兒而設(shè)計(jì)的；而下一段""Ittookmeagoodfourtofivemonths

toteachmyselfhowtowriteapatternandgetitapproved,explainsBianca,whocreatesthe

handmadehelpfuloctopusesfornocosttofamiliesinneed.（"我花了四到五個(gè)月的時(shí)間自學(xué)如

何編寫圖案并獲得批準(zhǔn)，"Bianca解釋說，她手工制作了這種有益的章魚，為有需要的家庭

提供且不收取任何費(fèi)用。）”可知，Bianca花了四五個(gè)月學(xué)習(xí)編寫圖案，所以她是為了制作

一個(gè)章魚樣子的模型。選項(xiàng)A"Certificate（證書）”；B“Model（模型）”；C“Patent（專利）”；

D"Trademark.（商標(biāo)）”。故選B。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段""IstartedmakingthemasfastasIcould,butIwasn'tableto

maketheamounttheyneeded.'1SoonBiancametthegroup'sotherco-founderAndreaCareyand

thepairstartedcreatingthecreaturesintogetherintheirsparetime.（"我開始以最快的速度制作

它們，但我無法達(dá)到它們所需的數(shù)量?！辈痪茫珺ianca遇到了該組織的另一位聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人

AndreaCarey,兩人開始在業(yè)余時(shí)間一起創(chuàng)作這些生物。）”可知，章魚模型的需求量很大。

再根據(jù)最后一段'"Thavealwaysenjoyedbeingcreativeandmyimaginationrunswildwithcolour

combinations,"saysBianca,herFacebookpageOctopusforaPreemieTasmaniaaccumulating

morethan2000followers.ltItmakesmyday!”（Bianca說："我一直很喜歡創(chuàng)新，我對(duì)顏色組合

的想象力很豐富。”她的Facebook頁面“章魚”為塔斯馬尼亞早產(chǎn)兒設(shè)計(jì)，粉絲已經(jīng)超過

2000人?！斑@讓我很開心!”）"可知，章魚模型的粉絲很多。由此，可以推斷出章魚模型很

受人們的歡迎。故選A。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“"Thesestoriesreallydoreminduswhyweallspendsomuchtime

andourownmoneymakingtheseoctopuses（章魚）JBianca,theco-founderoftheproject,tells

Woman'sDay."ItmeanstheworldtomethatIcandosomethinginwhateversmallwaytomakethe

journeyforthebabiesandparentsjustthatlittlebiteasiei*.Ibelieveifwecanhelpothers,nomatter

howsmallawayitis,thenweshould."（“這些故事真的提醒我們?yōu)槭裁次覀兌蓟诉@么多時(shí)

間和自己的錢來制作這些章魚，”該項(xiàng)目的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人Bianca在接受《婦女之日》采訪時(shí)表

示。“這對(duì)我來說意味著整個(gè)世界，我可以做一些小事，讓嬰兒和父母的旅程更容易一點(diǎn)。

我相信，如果我們能幫助別人，不管這個(gè)幫助有多小，那我們就應(yīng)該幫助別人J）”可知，

Bianca的故事告訴我們小事也能對(duì)這個(gè)世界有所改變。故選C。

C

LookupoverthewhitesandbeachesofMauritiusandyoumayseeahugesail.It'smuchlike

thekindusedbykitesurfersbutthesizeofathree-bedroomapartment.Thesailisn'tatourist

attraction—ifscreatingelectricityforthisislandofftheeastcoastofAfrica.

LaunchedinDecember2021bySkySailsPower,themassivewingistheworld'sfirstfully

autonomouscommercial“airbornewindenergy^system.Forthepasttwomonths,ithasbeen

deliveringalittleunderitsgoalof100kilowatts——typicallyenoughtopowerupto50homes.

Toharvestwindenergyfromtheheightswherewindblowsfastestthekeymaybetoflyakite.

Thesesystemscomeinacontainerandcanbedroppedoffwhereverthere'saroadordock（而馬頭）.

Theycanalsobetiedtoafixedshipindeepwaters.Theirheightisadaptable,sotheycanbemoved

upordowntowhereverthewindblowsthehardest,whichoftenchangeswiththeseasons.

SkySailsactuallystartedbackin2001withadifferentpuipose:buildingsoftkitewingstopull

massiveshipsalongatsea.In2015SkySailsshiftedfocustoproducingelectricitywithSkySails

Power.

SkySails'systemreliesonaroughly150squaremetrewingtorideonthewind.Thereareno

turbines（渦輪機(jī)）upintheair,andthelineisn'tanelectricwire.Instead,theenergyisgeneratedon

theground,fromthepullontheline."Thebrakeonthewinch（絞車）isgeneratingtheelectricity,

saysFagiano,thechiefofficer.Softwarefliesthekiteautonomouslyinafigure-of-eightpatternto

getthestrongestpullpossibletoproduceenergy.Thesystemthenchangesthewing'sflightpattern

soitcanbepulledinwithminimalresistance,expendingalittleenergytowinditback.Thispattern

repeats,creatingfarmoreenergythanitconsumes.

Thesailshavelessimpactontheskylinethantraditionalturbinesandarequietertoo,says

Fagiano.Andtheymakeeconomicsenseforanyonecurrentlypayingmorethan$0.30perkilowatt

hourfromtraditionalgenerators.

8.Whatisthemosteffectivewayforthesystemtogetenergy?

A.Itisplacedashighaspossible.

B.Itistiedtoashipinthedeepsea.

C.Itisadjustedtothehardestwinds.

D.Itisfixedonthewhitesandbeaches.

9.WhatisSkySails^riginalintentiontodevelopthesystem?

A.Tobeattraditionalturbines.

B.Topowerthehomesinneed.

C.lbpullthehugeshipsatsea.

D.Tocompetewithothercompanies.

10.Whatdoesparagraph5focuson?

A.Whyturbinesareabandoned.

B.HowtheSkySails9systemworks.

C.Howsoftwarecontrolsthewing.

D.Whythewingchangesitsflightpattern.

11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.SkySails:Pioneerinwindpower

B.SkySails:Competitortotraditionalpower

C.Thekitesseekingtheworld'ssurestwinds

D.Thekitesgeneratingthecheapestelectricity

【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹風(fēng)力發(fā)電技術(shù)又有了新的可能性：利用“風(fēng)箏”

發(fā)電。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theirheightisadaptable,sotheycanbemovedupordownto

whereverthewindblowsthehardest,whichoftenchangeswiththeseasons.（它們的高度是可適應(yīng)

的，所以它們可以向上或向下移動(dòng)到風(fēng)吹得最猛烈的地方，這種風(fēng)經(jīng)常隨著季節(jié)而變化。）”

可知，系統(tǒng)獲取能量的最有效方式是它能被調(diào)節(jié)到最強(qiáng)的風(fēng)。故選C。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“SkySailsactuallystartedbackin2001withadifferentpurpose:building

softkitewingstopullmassiveshipsalongatsea.（SkySails實(shí)際上始于2001年，當(dāng)時(shí)有不同的

目的:制造柔軟的風(fēng)箏翅膀，在海上牽引大型船只。）”可知，Skyysails開發(fā)該系統(tǒng)的初衷是

在海上牽引大型船只。故選C。

【10題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“SkySails'systemreliesonaroughly150squaremetrewingtorideon

thewind.Therearenolurbines（渦輪機(jī)）upintheair,andthelineisn'tanelectricwire.Instead,the

energyisgeneratedontheground,fromthepullontheline."Thebrakeonthewinch（絞車）is

generatingtheelectricity,saysFagiano,thechiefofficer.Softwarefliesthekiteautonomouslyina

figure-of-eightpatterntogetthestrongestpullpossibletoproduceenergy.Thesystemthenchanges

thewing'sflightpatternsoitcanbepulledinwithminimalresistance,expendingalittleenergyto

winditback.Thispatternrepeats,creatingfarmoreenergythanitconsumes.（Skyysails的系統(tǒng)依

靠一個(gè)大約150平方米的機(jī)翼來駕馭風(fēng)力。空中沒有渦輪機(jī)，電線也不是電線。相反，能量

是由地面上的拉力產(chǎn)生的?！敖g車上的剎車正在發(fā)電，”首席執(zhí)行官法吉亞諾說。軟件會(huì)自動(dòng)

地以8字形模式放飛風(fēng)箏，以獲得盡可能強(qiáng)的拉力來產(chǎn)生能量。然后，該系統(tǒng)會(huì)改變機(jī)翼的

飛行模式，使其以最小的阻力被拉進(jìn)，并消耗少量能量將其拉回。這種模式不斷重復(fù)，產(chǎn)生

的能量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過消耗的能量。）”可知，本段主要介紹skyysails系統(tǒng)是如何工作的。故選B。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"LookupoverthewhitesandbeachesofMauritiusandyoumayseea

hugesail.Ifsmuchlikethekindusedbykitesurfersbutthesizeofathree-bedroomapartment.The

sailisn'tatouristattraction-it'screatingelectricityforthisislandofftheeastcoastofAfrica.（從

毛里求斯的白色沙灘仰望天空，你會(huì)看到一個(gè)巨型風(fēng)帆。它很像風(fēng)箏沖浪者使用的那種，但

有三間臥室的公寓那么大。帆并不是一個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)，而是為非洲東海岸的這個(gè)島嶼發(fā)電。）”

及全文可知，文章主要介紹風(fēng)力發(fā)電技術(shù)又有了新的可能性：利用“風(fēng)箏”發(fā)電。所以“The

kitesseekingtheworld'ssurestwinds（為尋找穩(wěn)定風(fēng)能而生的風(fēng)箏）”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。

故選C。

D

TheAtlanticsalmon（鞋魚）ofScotlandarehardyanddeterminedanimals.Eachspringand

summer,theyreturnfromtheNorthAtlanticOceantolayeggsinScotland'sshallowrivers,leaping

upwaterfallsandoverbarriers,pushingthemselvesupstreaminenormousefforts.Somefail,and

otherssucceed,buttodaytheyfaceyetanotherchallenge.

Duringthemid-1980s,therewerebetweeneightandtenmillionsalmonswimmingaround

Scotland'sAtlanticcoast;thatnumberhasnowdroppedsharply.There'sevidenceofreducingthe

availabilityofthesalmon'sprey（獵物）asclimatechangewarmsandacidifiesoceans.New

researchsuggestsclimatechangeisalsobearingdownonrivers,whichisbadnewsfor

salmon.Adaptedtolifeincoldwater,salmonexperienceslowgrowthandpopulationchangesat

hightemperatures.Heatinfluencestheirhealthandreducestheirresistancetodisease.

“Nowsalmonarestrugglingtodealwiththerisingtemperatures.Therearerecentrecordsof

27℃intheupperreachesoftheDeecatchment,saysPeterCairns,directorofanenvironmental

charity.In2018,Scotlandrecordedthelowestpolecatchforsalmonsincerecordsbegan.Evidence

suggeststhatthedegradedqualityofriverworsenstheimpactofourchangingclimate."Atlantic

salmonevolvedusingriversystemsinScotlandthatwereoncewaymoreforestedandtherefore

shaded.95YetScotlandistodayoneoftheleastwoodedcountriesinEurope,withjust3percentofits

nativewoodlandundamaged.Scientistshavefoundthatjust35percentofriversinScotlandhave

enoughtreecoverforsalmonsurvival.

Amovementtogettreesbackonriverbanksisgatheringpace."Broad-leaftreesclosetothe

bankcanreducethelightthatentersthewater,“explainsfisheriesscientistAnthonyHawkins.Anew

initiativecalledRiverwoods—ledbytheScottishWildlifeTrustandsupportedbyScottishWater

andseveralothergovernmentandregulatorybodies-aimstocreateanetworkofwoodlandsalong

Scotland'sriverbanks,andhasalreadyreceivedanumberoflargefunds/'Moneyisnotthepressing

business.Riverhealthiscomplex,buttreeplantingisoneofthemostbasicthingswecangetstarted

withrightaway,"saysCairns.

12.WhydoAtlanticsalmonmakegreatjourneysbacktotherivers?

A.Theysearchforfoods.

B.Theyreproducethemselves.

C.Theriversarerelativelycool.

D.Theseasareincreasinglywarm.

13.Howdotherisingtemperaturesinriversaffectsalmon?

A.Theygrowmorequickly.

B.Theyaremoreheat-resistant.

C.Theyarelessactiveinwater.

D.Theyaremorelikelytogetdiseases.

14.WhatisachallengefbrsalmonwhentheyreturntoScotland'srivers?

A.Thereisashortageoffood.

B.Thereismuchfishcatching.

C.Theecologyenvironmenthaschanged.

D.Theriversystemsareunsuitablefortheforestgrowth.

15.WhatdoesCairnsreallyintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?

A.Itisurgenttoplantriverbanktrees.

B.Itistoohardtorestoretheriverhealth.

C.Thereisenoughmoneyfortheproject.

D.Therearetoomanyvitalthingstodealwith.

【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了因?yàn)榄h(huán)境惡化，大西洋鞋魚的數(shù)量急劇減少。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中uEachspringandsummer,theyreturnfromtheNorthAtlanticOcean

tolayeggsinScotland'sshallowriversjeapingupwaterfallsandoverbarriers,pushing

themselvesupstreaminenormousefforts.（每年春天和夏天，它們都會(huì)從北大西洋返回，在蘇格

蘭的淺水河流中產(chǎn)卵，跳過瀑布，越過障礙，以巨大的努力將自己推向上游）”可知，大西

洋鞋魚要長途跋涉回到河里是為了繁殖后代。故選B項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)第二段中“Heatinfluencestheirhealthandreducestheirresistanceto

disease4熱影響它們的健康，降低它們對(duì)疾病的抵抗力）”可知，河流溫度上升使鞋魚更容易

得病。故選D項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Evidencesuggeststhatthedegradedqualityofriverworsensthe

impactofourchangingclimate."AtlanticsalmonevolvedusingriversystemsinScotlandthatwere

oncewaymoreforestedandthereforeshaded.^^YetScotlandistodayoneoftheleastwooded

countriesinEurope,withjust3percentofitsnativewoodlandundamaged.Scientistshavefound

thatjust35percentofriversinScotlandhaveenoughtreecoverforsalmonsurvival.（有證據(jù)表明，

河流水質(zhì)的惡化加劇了氣候變化的影響。“大西洋鞋魚在蘇格蘭的河流系統(tǒng)中進(jìn)化，那里曾

經(jīng)有更多的森林，因此有陰影?！比欢?，如今蘇格蘭是歐洲森林覆蓋率最低的國家之一，只

有3%的原生林地未被破壞?？茖W(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，蘇格蘭只有35%的河流有足夠的樹木覆蓋，供

蛙魚生存）”可推知，當(dāng)雄魚返回蘇格蘭河流時(shí)，生態(tài)環(huán)境的變化對(duì)它們來說是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。

故選C項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“"Moneyisnotthepressingbusiness.Riverhealthiscomplex,but

treeplantingisoneofthemostbasicthingswecangetstartedwithrightaway,“saysCairns.（“錢

不是緊迫的問題。河流的健康狀況很復(fù)雜，但植樹是我們可以馬上開始做的最基本的事情之

一，”凱恩斯說）”可推知，凱恩斯真正想告訴我們當(dāng)務(wù)之急是種植河岸樹木。故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題分，滿分分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有

兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

We'veallbeenthere—you'vesentamessageandit'smarked'Yead”，butyouhaven'theard

anythingback.What'sthedeal?In2011,theword"rbomb"wasaddedtotheUrbanDictionary,

meaning:notrespondingtoorignoringamessageafterreadingit,oftendeliberately.44Rbomb”is

common,solearntobewise.16Hereareafewtips.

Expectthebest.Remindyourselfthatthepersonisprobablyjustbusy.Askyourselfifyou

actuallyknowtheirschedule.Therecouldbesometimecommitmentsyouaren'taware

of.17Theywanttogiveyoualongerresponsebutcan'trightnow.Theyputtheirphone

awaytofocusonworkorschool.Theyaccidentallyforgottoreply.Maybetheythoughtaboutwhat

theywantedtosaybutdidn'tactuallytextit.

Resistthetemptation（誘惑）todouble-text.18Ifyousendalotoffollow-uptexts,if11

behardforthemtokeepupandtheymightgetstressed.Leavethemwithjustonetexttocatchup

on一theotherpersonwillprobablyappreciateyourpatience.

19Seeifthereareanyconfusingtextsthatyouneedtoclarify.It?sokayifyoureview

yourmessageagainandnoticethatitmighthavebeenalittleunclear——ithappens!Youmightfeel

relievedbecauseyoufoundsomethingthatwaseasytomisread.

Putyourphoneawav.20Don'tletitupsetorconfuseyou.Ifyougetyourmindoffany

notifications,you'llbeabletobrainstormnewwaystospendyourtime.

A.Readoveryourpreviousmessages.

B.Fixyourattentioncloselyontextresponses.

C.Keepitoutofsightandgetsomepeaceofmind.

D.Theyfinishedwritingthetextbutfailedtosendit.

E.Givethemalittlespacesotheyhaveachancetoreply.

F.Thefollowingareafewotherreasonsforadelayedresponse.

GYoucankeepsocialmediafrombotheringyourthree-dimensionallife.

【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.A20.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了當(dāng)別人閱讀你的信息后，不回復(fù)你時(shí)，要學(xué)會(huì)心平

氣和的面對(duì)，不要讓社交軟件影響到你的三次元生活。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Hereareafewtips.（這里有?一些建議）"以及前文""Rbomb"iscommon,solearnto

bewise.（"Rbomb”很常見，所以要學(xué)會(huì)明智）“可知，空處應(yīng)該是承上啟下說明可以應(yīng)用這

些建議避免被影響，所以G項(xiàng)“Youcankeepsocialmediafrombotheringyourthree-dimensional

life.（你可以避免社交軟件影響到你的三次元生活）”符合文意。故選G項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)后文uTheywanttogiveyoualongerresponsebutcan'trightnow.Theyputtheirphone

awaytofocusonworkorschool.Theyaccidentallyforgottoreply.Maybetheythoughtabout

whattheywantedtosaybutdidn'tactuallytextit.（他們想給你一個(gè)更長的回復(fù)，但現(xiàn)在不行。

他們把手機(jī)放在一邊，專注于工作或?qū)W習(xí)。他們不小心忘了回復(fù)。也許他們想了想要說什么，

但并沒有真的發(fā)出去）”可知，此處是在講一些人們延遲回復(fù)的可能，所以空處句子應(yīng)該是

弓I出這個(gè)話題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)"Thefollowingareafewotherreasonsforadelayedresponse.（以下是延遲

回復(fù)的其他一些原因）”符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)前文"Resistthetemptationtodouble-text.（不要信息轟炸對(duì)方）”以及后文**Ifyousenda

lotoffollow-uptexts,it'11behardforthemtokeepupandtheymightgetstressed.Leavethem

withjustonetexttocatchupon—theotherpersonwillprobablyappreciateyourpatience.（如果你

發(fā)了很多后續(xù)短信，他們很難跟上，他們可能會(huì)感到壓力。只給他們留一條信息，讓他們跟

上進(jìn)度——對(duì)方可能會(huì)感激你的耐心）”可知，本段講述不要一直給對(duì)方發(fā)信息，要給對(duì)方

一些時(shí)間，讓他們跟上你的信息，所以E項(xiàng)"Givethemalittlespacesotheyhaveachancelo

reply.（給他們一點(diǎn)空間，讓他們有機(jī)會(huì)回答）”符合文意。故選E項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

分析設(shè)空可知，空處位于段首，是本段中心句，根據(jù)后文“Seeifthereareanyconfusingtexts

thatyouneedtoclarify.It'sokayifyoureviewyourmessageagainandnoticethatitmighthave

beenalittleunclear—ithappens!Youmightfeelrelievedbecauseyoufoundsomethingthatwas

easytomisread.（看看是否有什么令人困惑的文本需要澄清。如果你再次查看你的信息，并注

意到它可能有點(diǎn)不清楚，這是沒有關(guān)系的——這種情況發(fā)生了!你可能會(huì)感到寬慰，因?yàn)槟?/p>

發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些容易被誤讀的東西）”可知，本段在說可以仔細(xì)檢查下你發(fā)的信息，看是否有什

么令人困惑的文本，或許只因某句話表述不清，對(duì)方壓根就沒理解到你想說什么！所以A

項(xiàng)"Readoveryourpreviousmessages.（閱讀你之前的信息）”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“Putyourphoneaway.（把手機(jī)收起來）"以及后文"Don'tletitupsetorconfuseyou.If

yougetyourmindoffanynotifications,you'llbeabletobrainstormnewwaystospendyour

time.（不要讓它困擾或迷惑你。如果你不去想任何通知，你就能頭腦風(fēng)暴出新的打發(fā)時(shí)間的

方法）”可知，本段主題是把手機(jī)放到一邊，眼不見，心不煩。與其糾結(jié)為什么會(huì)被“已讀不

回“，不如放下手機(jī)，做些更有意義的事。所以C項(xiàng)“Keepitoutofsightandgetsomepeaceof

mind.（把它放在你看不到的地方，讓你的內(nèi)心平靜下來）”起到承上啟下的作用，符合文意。

故選C項(xiàng)。

第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的

最佳選項(xiàng)。

Ipulledoverandoneoftheboysstandingbytheroadaskedforsomewater.

Myheart21when1heardthis.InWilcannia,whereInowworkedasaprimaiyschool

teacherwithasix-monthcontract,therewasadrought.Quickly22mycar,Igaveabottleto

thechildrenbeforesayinggoodbye.Momentslikethisremindedmejusthow23I'dcome

frommyoldlifeasateacherhundredsofkilometersawayinSydney.

InmyfirstlessonwithYearSixImadea24forourclass:Mistakesare

expected,respectedandcorrected.Wepostedthisonthewallinmyclassroomasa25to

students.Ihopeditwouldgivestudents26tokeepmovingforward.We27sowellthat

bytheendofmonth-oneJ28mycontracttoafullyearintheruralorremoteplace!

Areal29washelpingwiththetown'sannualkids'fashionparade（游行）.ButCOVID

pandemic30amovetoonlinelearning.SoI31studentstofilmvideosofthemselves

singingFromLittleThingsBigThingsGrow.Thechildren'sperfbnnancewonwildapplause.And

32IwasawardedMusicTeacheroftheYear.Thissortof33wassuchanhonour!

Now,threeyearslater,I?m34inWilcannia.PeoplealwaysaskmehowlongIplanto

stayhere,andthencomesmy35reply：”Anotheryear.”

21.A.sankB.beatC.meltedD.raced

22.A.checkingB.searchingC.mendingD.parking

23.A.fastB.soonC.longD.far

24.A.decisionB.mottoC.changeD.plan

25.A.reminderB.symbolC.giftD.picture

26.A.experienceB.capacityC.confidenceD.signal

27.A.bondedB.behavedC.reactedD.operated

28.A.restrictedB.maintainedC.draftedD.

extended

29.A.chanceB.highlightC.loveD.routine

30.A.addedB.ledC.keptD.saw

31.A.expectedB.employedC.guidedD.troubled

32.A.graduallyB.subsequentlyC.frequentlyD.

temporarily

33.A.recognitionB.impressionC.expressionD.

appointment

34.A.alreadyB.againC.stillD.also

35.A.timelyB.typicalC.correctD.heartfelt

【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.B25.A26.C27.A28.D29.B

30.D31.C32.B33.A34.C35.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在威爾坎尼亞教書，和學(xué)生關(guān)系很好，呆了三年

還沒離開的故事。

[21題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:聽到這些，我的心沉了下來。A.sank下沉；B.beat跳動(dòng)；C.melted

融化；D.raced比賽。根據(jù)上文"Ipulledoverandoneoftheboysstandingbytheroadaskedfor

somewater.（我把車停在路邊，一個(gè)男孩站在路邊要水喝）”以及“therewasadrought.”可知，

作者聽到男孩要水喝，內(nèi)心沉重。故選A。

【22題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我迅速搜了一下我車，在告別之前給了孩子們一瓶水。A.

checking檢查；B.searching搜索；C.mending修理；D.parking停車。根據(jù)后文“mycar,Igave

abottletothechildren”可知，作者在車?yán)飳ふ业揭黄克o男孩。故選B。

[23題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這樣的時(shí)刻提醒我，我從數(shù)百公里外悉尼的教師生活中走了出

來。A.fast快速的；B.soon快；C.long長的；D.far遠(yuǎn)的。根據(jù)后文"I'dcomefrommyold

lifeasateacherhundredsofkilometersawayinSydney"可知，作者已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)離了過去的生活。

故選D。

【24題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在六年級(jí)的第一節(jié)課上，我給我們班立了一個(gè)座右銘：錯(cuò)誤是被

期待的、被尊重