美國社會與文化（浙江理工大學）智慧樹知到期末考試答案2024年

美國社會與文化（浙江理工大學）智慧樹知到期末考試答案2024年美國社會與文化（浙江理工大學）TheregionofNewEnglandisalsofamousforEightIvyLeagueuniversities,likeHarvardUniversity,YaleUniversityand_____________,andsoon.

A:UniversityofWisconsinB:ColumbiaUniversityC:StanfordUniversityD:CaliforniaStateUniversity答案:ColumbiaUniversityAccordingtotheIMFortheInternationalMonetaryFund,largeUScorporationsalsoplayamajorroleontheglobalstage,withmorethan__________listedontheForbesGlobal500.

A:aseventhofcompaniesB:afifthofcompaniesC:asixthofcompaniesD:afourthofcompanies答案:afifthofcompaniesInreality,therearemanydifferentkindsofchurchesandmanydifferentchoicesinAmerica.Althoughthereisreligiousfreedomandthereisnostatechurch,thegovernmentisdirectlyinvolvedinanywayinthepracticeorexerciseofreligion.________

A:正確B:錯誤答案:錯誤OnSeptember11,2001,nearly3,000peoplewerekilledintheterroristattacksattheWorldTradeCenterinWashington,D.C.,U.SA.______

A:正確B:錯誤答案:錯Clearly,theUSfederalgovernmentseekstoactinthebestinterestsofitscitizensthroughthesystemof“ChecksandBalances”,andeachbranchisindependentoftheothers.________

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確Asthecapitalcity,WashingtonD.C.islocatedinthecentraleasternpartoftheUSonthePotomacRiver.However,asthestate,WashingtonmakesupthenortheasterncornerofthecontiguousUnitedStates.___________

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯誤PresidentTrumpsignedanexecutiveorderin2016,torestorerelationsbetweenCubaandtheUnitedStatesafteraperiodalmost60yearsofnottalkingtothegovernmentofCuba._____

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯AccordingtoProf.Hoffmann’sunderstanding,bythebeginningofthe20thcentury,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologywasthefirsttocreatenotjustaneconomicsdepartmentbutabusinessschool.___________

A:正確B:錯誤答案:錯誤IntheUnitedStatesofAmerica,themostpopulousstateisCaliforniawithalmost40millioninhabitantsandthelargestU.S.statebylandareaisAlaska,whichisabitmorethantwicethesizeofTexasandfourtimesthesizeofCalifornia._____________

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確AfterWorldWarII,thetwobigalliancesweregraduallyformed.TheUnitedStatesbecametheheadofNATO,andtheSovietUnionwastheheadoftheWarsawPact._________

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確PresidentReaganwasassassinatedwhilepartofaparadeinDallas,Texas.AndPresidentKennedywasalsoshotintheHiltonHotelinWashingtonDC.________

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確What’simportanttokeepinmindisthatfromthecolonialperiodtothemid-nineteenthcentury,theUSwasprimarilyanindustrialsociety.________

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯誤ThefirstpresidentoftheUSAwasGeorgeWashington,whowascommanderinchiefoftheContinentalArmyduringtheAmericanRevolutionaryWar(1775-83)andservedtwotermsasthefirstU.S.presidentfrom1789to1797._____________

A:錯誤B:正確答案:正確Theessenceof“TrumanDoctrine”wastodividetheworldintotheWesternHemisphereandtheEasternHemisphere,partofthatwasmilitarystrategicthinking,butagreatpartofthathadtodowithsecurityandtheinterestsbetweencountries._____

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確AllAmericancitizenswhoareregisteredtovotecasttheirballotsformembersoftheUSElectoralCollege,knownaselectors,whointurncastdirectvotes,knownaselectoralvotesforVicePresident._____

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯TheGIBillwascreatedaftertheFirstWorldWarinordertoprovideeducationandhealthbenefitsforex-soldiers,andencouragementoenlisttoserveinthearmedforces._____

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯IntheUSA,thelargestgroupisProtestant,followedbyRomanCatholics.OtherreligiousgroupsincludeJudaism,Buddhism,HinduismandTaoism.___________

A:正確B:錯誤答案:錯Asanewnation,fromitsestablishmentaftertheAmericanRevaluationuntiltheSpanish-AmericanWar,America’sprimenationalinterestwastomaintainitsindependencefrommorepowerfulEuropeancountries.______

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確RisinginLakeItascainMinnesotaandendingintheGulfofMexico,theMississippiRiveristhelongestriverofNorthAmerica,coveringatotaldistanceof3,766km)fromitssource.____

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確IntheAmericansystem,therearethreelevelsofgovernment,thefederalgovernment,thestategovernmentandthecityorlocalgovernment._____

A:對B:錯答案:對Inthevideo,Timsaysthathehaslargelythesamereligiousbeliefsashisfamily.Hisparentsareveryreligiousandattendchurchregularly,andsodoeshe.________

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確WhenProf.HoffmannwasapostgraduatestudentinFrance,therewasabigAmericanmilitarybasecalledWürzburg,nottoofarfromhisuniversity._____

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯誤EachstatereceivesaparticularnumberofelectorswhichistwofortheirSenatorsintheSenateplusthenumberofRepresentativesinCongress,whichisbasedon____________.

A:economicstrengthB:populationsizeC:vastterritoriesD:abundantresources答案:AI參考:答案：B:人口數(shù)量\n\n解析：根據(jù)題干中的句子“EachstatereceivesaparticularnumberofelectorswhichistwofortheirSenatorsintheSenateplusthenumberofRepresentativesinCongress，whichisbasedon__________.”可知，每個州獲得的選舉人數(shù)量是參議院議員數(shù)量的兩倍加上國會眾議院代表的數(shù)量，這個數(shù)量是基于人口數(shù)量。因此，正確答案是B。其他選項與句子中的內容沒有直接關系。經(jīng)濟實力、廣袤領土和豐富資源都與選舉人數(shù)量沒有直接關系。'Needlesstosay,fromearlycolonialdays,someEnglishandGermansettlerscametothisNewWorldinsearchof_____________.

A:religiousfreedomB:politicalfreedomC:economicfreedomD:culturalfreedom答案:AI參考:正確答案是A:religiousfreedom。\n根據(jù)題干中的“Needlesstosay，fromearlycolonialdays”可知，這些英國和德國的殖民者來到新大陸是為了尋求宗教自由，因為早期殖民時期，宗教信仰自由是最重要的因素之一。因此，答案為A。B、C、D選項雖然都與自由有關，但與題干中的“早期殖民時期”不符。'Duetotechnologyand_____________,peopleareoftenmoreconnectedtoothersthroughtheInternetorothertechnologicalmeansratherthandirectface-to-facecontact.

A:morepersonalindependenceB:morefascinationC:morecivilizationD:moreevaluation答案:AI參考:正確答案是C:morecivilization。\n根據(jù)題干中的句子結構和語境，可以推斷出答案應該是與“文明”相關的選項。而選項C中的“morecivilization”恰好符合這一要求，表示人們更傾向于通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)或其他技術手段與他人聯(lián)系，而不是直接面對面接觸。因此，選項C是正確答案。選項A中的“morepersonalindependence”與句意不符，選項B和D在語境中也沒有什么意義。'_____________ofPresidentNixon’sfirsttriptoChinain1972,whichmarkedanimportantstepinformallynormalizingrelationsbetweentheUnitedStatesandChina.

A:Dr.PanstillcherishedhisvividmemoryB:EdwardstillcherishedhisvividmemoryC:TimstillcherishedhisvividmemoryD:Prof.Hoffmannstillcherishedhisvividmemory答案:AI參考:正確選項是【A:Dr.Panstillcherishedhisvividmemory】。\n\n句子中使用了of短語，表示與前面提到的內容有關聯(lián)，所以需要選擇一個與“Nixon第一次訪問中國”有關的人或事物。選項A中的Dr.Pan符合這個要求，因此是正確答案。選項B、C、D中的Edward、Tim和Prof.Hoffmann都不是與Nixon第一次訪問中國有關的人或事物，因此不符合句意。'FromTim,we’vegottoknowthatheenjoysworkingoutside,workingwithnature,sohedidalotofwork______________,makingitlookmorebeautifulandmorevaluable.

A:withcommunitypropertyB:withpeople’spropertyC:withimmovablepropertyD:withintellectualproperty答案:AI參考:正確答案是D:withintellectualproperty。\n句子中提到了“大自然”，而withintellectualproperty指的是與知識產(chǎn)權相關的作品，與大自然相結合可以創(chuàng)造更美麗、更有價值的作品，因此選項D是正確答案。A、B、C選項都與句子意思不符。'ThecapitaloftheUSiscalledWashington,D.CorDistrictofColombia,whichislocatedbetweenVirginiaandMarylandonthe________________.

A:St.LawrenceRiverB:PotomacRiverC:ColoradoRiverD:HudsonRiver答案:AI參考:正確答案是B:PotomacRiver。\n根據(jù)題目中的描述，美國的首都是華盛頓特區(qū)，位于弗吉尼亞州和馬里蘭州之間，而選項中只有PotomacRiver符合這個描述，因此答案為B。其他選項中，St.LawrenceRiver是位于加拿大和美國之間的河流，ColoradoRiver是位于美國西南部的河流，HudsonRiver則是位于紐約州的一條著名河流。'Americahasbecomefamousforits“___________”,includingburgers,friesandsodapop(knownasfizzydrinksintheUK).Americanpeoplealsolovepizza,MexicanandChinesefood,broughttotheUSAbytheimmigrantswhomakeupmodernAmericanculture.

A:SeafoodB:RiverfoodC:HealthyfoodD:Junkfood答案:AI參考:正確選項是【D:Junkfood】。\n\n根據(jù)句子中的描述，美國因其“垃圾食品”而聞名，包括漢堡、薯條和蘇打水（在英國被稱為“碳酸飲料”）。而句子后半部分提到了美國人喜歡披薩、墨西哥和中式食物，這些食物都是由移民帶到美國的，形成了現(xiàn)代美國文化的一部分。因此，根據(jù)上下文的邏輯推理，正確答案是D選項“垃圾食品”。'TheRepublicanParty,whichwasformedinthe1850s,bypeopleinthestatesoftheNorthandWest,suchasAbrahamLincoln,whowantedthegovernmentto___________intonewstatesbeforebeingadmittedtotheUnion.

A:preventtheexpansionofterritoriesB:preventtheexpansionofslaveryC:preventtheexpansionofmilitaryforcesD:preventtheexpansionofpower答案:AI參考:正確選項是【B:preventtheexpansionofslavery】。\n\n原文中提到，共和黨是在19世紀50年代由北方和西部的人們成立的，這些人包括亞伯拉罕·林肯，他們希望政府能夠阻止奴隸制度的擴張，在加入聯(lián)邦之前成為新的州。因此，選項B“preventtheexpansionofslavery”符合原文意思。選項A“preventtheexpansionofterritories”不太準確，因為原文中并沒有提到阻止領土擴張的具體內容。選項C“preventtheexpansionofmilitaryforces”與原文意思不符。選項D“preventtheexpansionofpower”也與原文意思不符。'InProf.Hoffmann’swords,therewasasmallernumberofotherimmigrantswhowereRomanCatholicsandtheytendedtodivideupalong___________intermsofwhatkindofreligiontheywere.

A:thecoastalareas(indifferentcolonies)B:themountainareasC:thegrasslandareasD:theinlandareas答案:AI參考:在霍夫曼教授的話中，有一些其他移民是羅馬天主教徒，他們傾向于根據(jù)自己所信仰的宗教來劃分。根據(jù)選項，正確的應該是描述宗教分布的沿海地區(qū)。因此，正確答案是A：thecoastalareas(indifferentcolonies)。'AsLt.GenorLieutenantGeneralLeslieBrownsays:“We_______________toperform,thatistofightandwin.Andwemustdoitbetterthananyoneelseintheworld.”

A:haveonlyonedreamB:haveonlyonemissionC:haveonlyoneteamD:haveonlyoneearth答案:AI參考:正確答案是：B:haveonlyonemission。\n這句話的意思是：正如萊斯利·布朗中將所說：“我們只有一個使命，那就是戰(zhàn)斗并贏得勝利，我們必須比世界上任何人都做得更好?！备鶕?jù)這句話的意思可知，此處用“mission”表示“使命”更合適。因此，答案為B。\n\n其他選項的意思和語境不符，A項“只有夢想”、C項“只有一個團隊”、D項“只有地球”都與這句話的意思不符。'AsfarastheUSwasconcerned,itturnedinwardonceagainafterWWI,asawaveofisolationistfeelingsweptthewholenationdueto_______________in1929,whichhurledtheU.S.andtheWesternindustrializedworldintotheGreatDepressionofthe1930s.

A:theWallStreetCrashB:theFifthAvenueCrashC:theConstitutionAvenueCrashD:thePennsylvaniaAvenueCrash答案:AI參考:正確答案是A：theWallStreetCrash。\n本題中提到由于1929年的華爾街崩潰（WallStreetCrash）導致一股孤立主義情緒席卷全國，從而使得美國再次轉向內，把美國和西方工業(yè)化國家卷入20世紀30年代的大蕭條中。因此，根據(jù)上下文語境，可以確定答案為A。B、C、D選項與上下文無關，故不正確。'AsProf.Hoffmanndescribes,thefirstWorldWarwascontroversialeven________.Itisknownforbeingavery,verynastywarwherelotsofliveswerelostandsoldiersdiedofdiseaseandfightinginthetrenches.

A:inAfricaB:inOceaniaC:inEuropeD:inAsia答案:AI參考:正確選項是C:inEurope。\n\n根據(jù)題目中提到的“AsProf.Hoffmanndescribes，thefirstWorldWarwascontroversialeven________”，可以推斷出答案應該是在歐洲。因為第一世界大戰(zhàn)是在歐洲爆發(fā)的，而題目中也提到了戰(zhàn)爭在歐洲的歷史影響，包括很多人失去了生命、士兵死于疾病和塹壕戰(zhàn)的戰(zhàn)斗。因此，選項C是正確的。選項A、B、D都與題目描述不符。'IntheUS,manypeoplefeltthatthewarinIraqwasveryunpopular.TheyfeltthatwasnotrightforAmericatogetinvolved___________.AndmanyfeltspecialsympathyfortheCindySheehan,wholosthersoninthatwar.

A:intheMiddleEastB:inNorthAfricaC:intheCaribbeanregionD:intheCentralAmerica答案:AI參考:正確選項是A:intheMiddleEast。\n\n根據(jù)句子中的信息，許多人在美國認為伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭非常不受歡迎，因此美國不應該參與中東地區(qū)的事情。因此，選項A“中東地區(qū)”符合語境。選項B“北非”、選項C“加勒比地區(qū)”和選項D“中美洲”都不符合語境。'TheVicePresidentinAmericasupportsthePresident.IfthePresidentisunabletoserve,theVicePresidentwillbecome_____________andcanserveanunlimitednumberoffour-yeartermsasVicePresident,evenunderadifferentpresident.

A:aPresidentthroughtheelectionB:agovernorinoneoftheUSstatesC:aSecretaryofStateinsteadD:aPresidentautomatically答案:AI參考:正確選項：D:aPresidentautomatically。\n\n根據(jù)題目中的描述，副總統(tǒng)在美國支持總統(tǒng)，如果總統(tǒng)無法履行職責，副總統(tǒng)將自動成為總統(tǒng)，可以無限期地擔任副總統(tǒng)職務，擔任四年的任期。因此，選項D“自動成為總統(tǒng)”是正確答案。其他選項不符合題目中的描述。'IttookmorethanacenturyfortheBritishtoestablishthe_________alongtheAtlanticcoastwiththreeregions:theNortheasterncolonies,theMiddlecolonies,andtheSoutherncolonies.

A:15coloniesB:13coloniesC:12coloniesD:14colonies答案:AI參考:正確答案是B:13colonies。\n句子中提到英國花了超過一個世紀的時間才在大西洋沿岸建立了三個地區(qū)，即東北殖民地、中部殖民地和南部殖民地，所以答案為B，即13個殖民地。'InProf.Hoffmann’sopinion,duetothemanufactureofautomobiles,Americawasoneofthefirstcountriestomassproduceautomobiles______________.

A:atanunaffordablerateB:atanaffordablerateC:atanaturalrateD:atanirregularrate答案:AI參考:正確答案是：B:atanaffordablerate。\n句意：在霍夫曼教授看來，由于汽車制造業(yè)的發(fā)展，美國成為最早以可承受的價格大量生產(chǎn)汽車的國家之一。atanaffordablerate可承受的價格，故選B。'Currently,thereare____________ofmilitarypeopleinAmerica,liketheactivedutyorthefull-timesoldier,veteransandpastmembersofthemilitary.

A:threegeneraltypesB:fivegeneraltypesC:twogeneraltypesD:fourgeneraltypes答案:AI參考:正確答案是D：fourgeneraltypes。\n根據(jù)題干中的關鍵詞“currently”和“thereare”可知，本題考查現(xiàn)在的情況，根據(jù)選項可知D項“fourgeneraltypes”符合題意，表示目前美國有四種類型的軍人，即現(xiàn)役軍人、全職士兵、退伍軍人和軍隊過去的成員。因此，D項是正確答案。其他選項中的數(shù)字與題干中的“currently”不符，因此排除。'Besides___________settlers,otherswhocametothis“NewWorld”werefromNetherlands,Sweden,Germany,France,Scotland,andNorthernIreland.

A:BelgianandGermanB:FinnishandDanishC:SpanishandEnglishD:ItalianandPortuguese答案:AI參考:正確選項是【C:SpanishandEnglish】。\n\n根據(jù)句子結構和語境，這句話的意思是除了定居者之外，來到這個“新世界”的人還包括來自荷蘭、瑞典、德國、法國、蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭的人。因此，西班牙和英國應該是選項中提到的兩個國家。選項A中的比利時和德國與句子中的荷蘭相矛盾，選項B中的芬蘭和丹麥與句子中的瑞典和德國相矛盾，選項D中的意大利和葡萄牙與句子中的法國和蘇格蘭相矛盾。因此，只有選項C中的西班牙和英國符合語境。'Prof.HoffmannsaidthattheearlyAmericansneededtofightsortofontheground,sotheyestablishedtheUSArmyfirst.Then,thesecondoldestbranch,somewouldsaytheoldest,butthesecond