2024年人教版中考英語復(fù)習(xí)專題五被動(dòng)語態(tài)（一）

語法專題五：被動(dòng)語態(tài)英語學(xué)習(xí)中分主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)兩種：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。eg.Weuseaknifeforcutting(主動(dòng)句).Aknifeisusedforcutting(被動(dòng)句).一、構(gòu)成：be+過去分詞eg.Theworkisfinishedbyhim.ChineseisspokenbypeopleinChina.二、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are+過去分詞 eg.EnglishisspokenbyEnglishmen.2.一般過去時(shí)：was/were+過去分詞 eg.ThemachinesweremadeinChina.3.一般將來時(shí):will/begoingtobe+過去分詞 eg.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldinourschoolnextweek.4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/arebeing+過去分詞 eg.Anewschoolisbeingbuiltinourvillage.5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/werebeing+過去分詞 eg.MyTVsetwasbeingmendedatthattime.6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/hasbeen+過去分詞 eg.Theworkhasbeendonebythem.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may/should/mustbe+過去分詞 eg.Theclassroomcanbecleanedbythestudents.綜上所述：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)只涉及be動(dòng)詞的變化（即：be動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)）另外注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.在使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，如需要指出動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者時(shí)，應(yīng)用“by+動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者(賓格)”eg.HewascalledMikebyus2.不及物動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)（takeplace/happen;belongto等）eg.Theaccidentwashappenedtwodaysago.(改錯(cuò))_________3.當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語是省to不定式時(shí)，在改作被動(dòng)語態(tài)之后，應(yīng)將省去的to還原。(注意：使役動(dòng)詞make/let/havesb.dosth.感官動(dòng)詞：see/hearsb.dosth.)eg.Thebossmadetheworkerswork12hours.→Theworkersweremadetowork12hours.4.注意短語動(dòng)詞的完整性（即：主動(dòng)句的謂語動(dòng)詞若由v+prep/adv構(gòu)成，變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不能將這些介詞、副詞遺漏）eg.Wemusttakecareofthebaby.→Thebabymustbetakencareof.5.帶動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：want/need/require+tobedone=want/need/require+doingeg.Mybikeneedstobemended.=Mybikeneedsmending.課堂練習(xí)_____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?

A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build

2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.

A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened

3.Cotton____inthesoutheastofChina.

A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow

4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.

A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited

5.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives

6.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone

7.Thedoctor_____foryet.

A.isn'tsentB.hasn'tbeensentC.won'tbesentD.wasn'tsent

8.When___thiskindofputer______?Lastyear.

A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used

9.Who_____thisbook_____?

A.did;writtenB.was;writtenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written

10.Mary____showmehernewdictionary.

A.hasaskedtoB.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto

11.Astory_____byGrannyyesterday.

A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus

12.Themonkeywasseen_____offthetree.

A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump

13.Olderpeople____well.

A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter

14.Ourteacher______carefully.

A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened

15.Insomepartoftheworld,tea_______withmilkandsugar.

A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served

16.Itwasreportedthatthemurderer_______arrested.

A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.hasD.had

17.Doyouthinkthatthebridge______inayear?

A.wouldbepletedB.willbepletedC.hadbeenpletedD.isbeingpleted

18.Greatchanges_______inChinasincethePeople’sRepublicofChina_______in1949.

A.havetakenplace;wasfoundedB.hastakenplace;wasfounded

C.havebeentakenplace;foundedD.tookplace;founded

19.—WhydoesLingLinglooksounhappy?—Shehas_______byherclassmates.

A.laughedB.laughedatC.beenlaughedD.beenlaughedat

20.Doctors_______ineverypartoftheworld.

A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed

21.Ipromisethatmatterwill_______.

A.betakencareB.betakencareofC.takecareD.takecareof

22.Nopermissionhas________foranybodytoenterthebuilding.

A.beengivenB.givenC.togiveD.begivenI___tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.

A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven

24.Cansuchathing_____happeningagain?

A.preventfromB.preventedfromC.bepreventedfromD.topreventfrom

25.Anewhouse________atthecorneroftheroad.

A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding

26.Thisbike________lastyear.

A.boughtB.hasbeenboughtC.wasboughtD.hadbeenbought

27.Didyouseethehousethat_______byfirelastyear?

A.wasdestroyingB.destroyedC.woulddestroyD.wasdestroyed

28.It_______whethershewillgetherworkinthehospital.

A.hasn’tbeendecidedB.isn’tdecidingC.doesn’tdecideD.hasn’tdecided

29.Thepen_______me.Itishers.

A.isn’tbelongtoB.wasn’tbelongtoC.doesn’tbelongtoD.didn’tbelongto

30.Ican’tusemybikebecauseit_______.

A.isrepairingB.isbeingrepairedC.willrepairD.wasrepairing

31.Thechairmantoldthespeakerthatshe______tospeakalittleloudersoastomakeherself_____.

A.wasexpected;heardB.hadexpected;hearChadhoped;hearD.washoped;heard

32.—Thewindowisdirty.—Iknow.It_____forweeks.A.hasn’tcleanedB.didn’tcleanC.wasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned

33.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium_______inBeijing.

A.wouldbepletedB.wasbeingpleted

C.hasbeenpletedD.hadbeenpleted

34.—Howlong_______atthisjob?—Since1990.

A.wereyouemployedB.haveyoubeenemployed

C.hadyoubeenemployedD.willyoubeemployed

35.—Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart?—_______.

A.TheyweredestroyedintheearthquakeB.Theearthquakewasdestroyingthem

C.TheydestroyedintheearthquakeD.Theearthquakedestroyedthem

36.ThisisTed’sphoto.Wemisshimalot.He_______tryingtosaveachildintheearthquake.

A.killedB.iskilledC.waskilledD.waskilling

37.Rainforestsandburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.

A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut

38.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_______sorapidly.

A.ischangingB.haschangedC.willhavechangedD.willchange

39.Hundredsofjobs_______ifthefactorycloses.

A.loseBwillbelostC.arelostD.willlose

40.Anewcinema_______here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.

A.willbebuiltB.isbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbeingbuilt課后練習(xí)TaskI：單項(xiàng)選擇。()1.Alotofdifferences______betweenthetwolanguages.A.canbefoundB.canfindC.wouldtofindD.isfind()2.Papermoney______forover1,000years.A.usedB.hasbeenusedC.hasusedD.hasbeenuse()3.TheWorldCup______inGermanynow.A.beinghadB.ishavingC.isholdingD.isbeingheld()4.Thephoto______inOctober,1996.A.wastakingB.hadbeentakenC.wastakenD.hadtaken()5.Wecan’tentertheroombecauseitsdoor______.A.lockedB.locksC.islockedD.islocking()6.Cotton______intheSoutheasternofChina.A.growsB.isgrowingC.isgrownD.aregrown()7.Theyear______fourseasons.A.hasbeendividedintoB.isdividedintoC.hasdividedintoD.wasdividedinto()8.Trees______everyyeartopreventthesandfromblowingaway.A.isplantedB.plantC.plantedD.areplanted()9.Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?Yes.Ourclassroom______everyday.A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleanedD.wascleaned()10.When___thiskindofputers______?Lastyear.

A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used()11.Morethantwoschools______inthecitynextyear.A.arebuiltB.werebuiltC.havebuiltD.willbebuilt()12.English______bymoreandmorepeopleintheworldnow.A.isspeakingB.isspokenC.speaksD.spoken()13.Thiskindofflower______everyday.A.mustbewateredB.watersC.mustwaterD.watered()14.Thenewdictionary______tome.A.isbelongedB.belongsC.isbelongingD.belong()15.IfeltveryhappybecauseI______thatIwonthefirstprizeinthegame.A.wastoldB.toldC.havetoldD.amtold()16._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build()17.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened()18.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited()19.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.

A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives

()20.Howmanytrees____thisyear?

A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted

()21.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.

A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone

()22.TheGreatWall____allovertheworld.

A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown

()23.Themonkeywasseen_____offthetree.

A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump

()24.Theschoolbag___behindthechair.

A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput

()25.Olderpeople____well.

A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.