考研英語(yǔ)閱讀十八計(jì)智慧樹知到期末考試答案2024年

考研英語(yǔ)閱讀十八計(jì)智慧樹知到期末考試答案2024年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀十八計(jì)【原文】Theresearchersstudiedthebehaviouroffemalebrowncapuchinmonkeys.Theylookcute.Theyaregood-natured,co-operativecreatures,andtheysharetheirfoodreadily.Aboveall,liketheirfemalehumancounterparts,theytendtopaymuchcloserattentiontothevalueof“goodsandservices"thanmales.SuchcharacteristicsmakethemperfectcandidatesforDr.Brosnan'sandDr.deWaal'sstudy.Theresearchersspenttwoyearsteachingtheirmonkeystoexchangetokensforfood.Normally,themonkeyswerehappyenoughtoexchangepiecesofrockforslicesofcucumber.However,whentwomonkeys.wereplacedinseparatebutadjoiningchambers,sothateachcouldobservewhattheotherwasgettinginreturnfor:itsrock,theirbehaviourbecamemarkedlydifferent.題目23.Femalecapuchinmonkeyswerechosenfortheresearchmostprobablybecausetheyare（）。

A:niceinbothappearanceandtemperament.B:moregenerousthantheirmalecompanions.C:moreinclinedtoweighwhattheyget.D:attentivetoresearchersinstructions.答案:moreinclinedtoweighwhattheyget【原文】Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn'taffecther.Priestlyexplainshowthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant'ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.21.Priestly

criticizes

herassistant

forher[A]lackofimagination.

[B]poorbargainingskill.

[C]obsessionwithhighfashion

[D]insensitivitytofashion

A:obsessionwithhighfashion

B:poorbargainingskill.C:

lackofimagination.

D:insensitivitytofashion答案:insensitivitytofashion【原文】Toserveasresponsiblestewardsoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon'ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.AbillbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginia,whichwouldofferfinancialincentivesforprivateindustry,isapromisingstart.Manyseethatthecountryisgettingreadytobuildlotsofnewpowerplantstomeetourenergyneeds.Ifweareevergoingtoprotecttheatmosphere,itiscrucialthatthosenewplantsbeenvironmentallysound.題目29.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldtheAdministrationdoaboutglobalwarming?（）。

A:Pressforfurtherscientificresearch.B:Raisepublicawarenessofconservation.C:Offeraidtobuildcleanerpowerplants.D:Takesomelegislativemeasures答案:"AI參考:正確答案是：D:Takesomelegislativemeasures。根據(jù)原文“Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwonttakethelegislativeinitiative，Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.”可知，僅僅進(jìn)行科學(xué)研究是不夠的，如果政府不采取立法措施，國(guó)會(huì)應(yīng)該幫助制定保護(hù)措施。因此，選項(xiàng)D“采取一些立法措施”是正確的。其他選項(xiàng)都沒(méi)有在原文中提到或與原文不符。"【原文】Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn'tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasinconclusive,thescienceuncertain?Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?LotsofAmericansboughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.

Thereareupsettingparallelstoday,asscientistsinonewaveafteranothertrytoawaken

ustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasapanelfromtheNationalAcademyofSciences,enlistedbytheWhiteHouse,totellusthattheEarth'satmosphereisdefinitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.Theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy,BruceAlberts,addedthiskeypointintheprefacetothepanel'sreport:“Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatournationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions.”

Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceAboutglobalwarmingisincomplete,thatit'sOKtokeeppouringfumesintotheairuntilweknow

forsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythetime100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybe

toolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,aprudentpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.題目30.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarmingwiththatofsmokingbecause（）。

A:theoutcomeofthelatteraggravatestheformer.B:theybothsufferedfromthegovernmentSnegligence.C:alessonfromthelatterisapplicabletotheformer.D:bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse.答案:AI參考:題目30.作者將全球變暖問(wèn)題與吸煙問(wèn)題聯(lián)系起來(lái)，是因?yàn)椋篊:一個(gè)從吸煙問(wèn)題中吸取的教訓(xùn)可以應(yīng)用到全球變暖問(wèn)題上。\n\n原文中提到，科學(xué)家們一直認(rèn)為吸煙會(huì)危害我們的健康，但一些人持懷疑態(tài)度，認(rèn)為證據(jù)還不夠充分，科學(xué)也不確定。類似地，現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們也試圖喚醒人們警惕全球變暖這個(gè)日益嚴(yán)重的威脅。兩者都是公眾關(guān)心的問(wèn)題，并且作者提到，科學(xué)提供我們未來(lái)最好的指南，并且科學(xué)為我們提供了有關(guān)現(xiàn)在行動(dòng)的未來(lái)后果的最佳判斷，這也暗示了可以從吸煙問(wèn)題中吸取的教訓(xùn)應(yīng)用到全球變暖問(wèn)題上。因此，選項(xiàng)C“一個(gè)從吸煙問(wèn)題中吸取的教訓(xùn)可以應(yīng)用到全球變暖問(wèn)題上”是正確的解釋。'[原文]Evidencefrombrainimagingsupportsthisview.ThebrainisasactiveduringREM(rapideyemovement)sleepwhenmostvividdreamsoccur一asitiswhenfullyawake,saysDr.ErircNofzingerattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Butnotallpartsofthebrainareequallyinvolved,thelimbicsystem(the“emotionalbrain")isespeciallyactive,whiletheprefrontalcortex(thecenterofintellectandreasoning)isrelativelyquiet.“WewakeupfromdreamshappyOrdepressed,andthosefeelingscanstaywithusallday,"saysStanfordsleepresearcherDr.WilliamDement.題目32.Byreferringtothelimbicsystem,theauthorintendstoshow（）。

A:itsfunctioninourdreams.B:therelationofdreamstoemotions.C:itsdifferencefromtheprefrontalcortex.D:themechanismofREMsleep.答案:AI參考:正確答案是B:therelationofdreamstoemotions。\n文章提到麗姆皮系統(tǒng)（the“emotionalbrain”）在REM睡眠時(shí)特別活躍，而前額葉皮層（thecenterofintellectandreasoning）相對(duì)安靜，由此推斷作者在描述麗姆皮系統(tǒng)的作用時(shí)，主要是在強(qiáng)調(diào)夢(mèng)與情感的關(guān)系。因此，選項(xiàng)B是正確答案。其他選項(xiàng)都與文章內(nèi)容不符。'【原文】Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnight'ssleep,dreamsseemtobeleastwithinourcontrol.Indreams,awindowopensintoaworldwherelogicissuspendedanddeadpeoplespeak.Acenturyago，F(xiàn)reudformulatedhisrevolutionarytheorythatdreamswerethedisguisedshadowsofourunconsciousdesiresandfears;bythelate1970s,neurologistshadswitchedtothinkingofthemasjust“mentalnoise”—therandombyproductsoftheneuralrepairworkthatgoesonduringsleep.Nowresearcherssuspectthatdreamsarepartofthemind'semotionalthermostat,regulatingmoodswhilethebrainis“off-line.”Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter.“It'syourdream,"saysRosalindCartwright,chairofpsychologyatChicago'sMedicalCenter.“Ifyoudon'tlikeit,changeit”題目31.Researchershavecometobelievethatdreams（）.

A:canbemodifiedintheircourses.B:aresusceptibletoemotionalchanges.C:arearandomoutcomeofneuralrepairs.D:reflectourinnermostdesiresandfears.答案:AI參考:正確答案是A:canbemodifiedintheircourses.\n根據(jù)文章第三段的描述，研究人員現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為夢(mèng)是可以被修改的，這是一種深入心靈的自我調(diào)節(jié)器，能夠調(diào)節(jié)心情，而在大腦“關(guān)閉”時(shí)發(fā)生。因此，答案為A。B選項(xiàng)中的“易受情感變化”與文章內(nèi)容不符；C選項(xiàng)中的“隨機(jī)修復(fù)產(chǎn)物”與文章內(nèi)容不符；D選項(xiàng)中提到的“內(nèi)心深處最深層的欲望和恐懼”在文章中沒(méi)有提到。'[原文]Attheendoftheday,there'sprobablylittlereasontopayattentiontoourdreamsatallunlesstheykeepusfromsleepingor“wewakeupinapanic,"Cartwrightsays.Terrorism,economicuncertaintiesandgeneralfeelingsofinsecurityhaveincreasedpeople'sanxiety.Thosesufferingfrompersistentnightmaresshouldseekhelpfromatherapist,Fortherestofus,thebrainhasitswaysofworkingthroughbadfeeling,Sleep—orratherdream—onitandyou’llfeelbetterinthemorning.題目35.WhatadvicemightCartwrightgivetothosewhosometimeshavebaddreams?（）。

A:Exerciseconsciouscontrol.B:Avoidanxietyinthedaytime.C:Leadyourlifeasusual.D:Seekprofessionalhelp.答案:AI參考:題目35.卡特賴特可能會(huì)給那些有時(shí)做噩夢(mèng)的人什么建議？（）\n\nA.有意識(shí)地控制自己。\nB.在白天避免焦慮。\nC.像往常一樣過(guò)自己的生活。\nD.尋求專業(yè)幫助。\n\n答案：D。根據(jù)文章中的句子