?？谥袑W(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中考試高二英語(A卷)含答案解析

海口中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期中考試

高二英語（A卷）

一、閱讀理解（共30分）

Belowistoday'sscheduleforPacificScienceCenter'sprogramming.Daytimelaser（激光）and

planetarium（天文館）showsareincludedingeneraladmissiontickets,buttimedticketsareneededto

entertheshow.Pleasenote:Planetariumshowshavealimitednumberofticketsandselloutquickly.

IMAXdocumentaryandfeaturemoviesarenotincludedandmustbepurchasedseparately.

TIMING

LiveScienceShows:15minutesIMAXDocumentaryMovies:45minutes

DaytimeLaserShows:30minutesPlanetariumShows:40minutes

SCHEDULE

ShowTimePlaceTicket

PACCAR

DinosaursofAntarctica1:00pmIMAXTicketsRequired

Theater

Building2,IncludedinGeneralAdmission

PreschoolAllStars10:30am

PlanetariumTimedTicketsRequired

Building1,Live

LiveScienceShow1:30pmIncludedinGeneralAdmission

ScienceStage

IncludedinGeneralAdmission

LaserJukebox11:45amLaserDome

TimedTicketsRequired

GENERALVISITORPOLICIES

<>PacificScienceCenterisatobacco-ande-cigarette-freezone,includingalloutdoorspaces.

OWhilepetsarenotpermittedinsidePacificScienceCenter,serviceanimalsarewelcome.

Olfyouwanttolistentomusicduringyourvisit,wekindlyaskthatyouuseheadphones.

OPacificScienceCenterreservestherighttorefuseentryforticketholdersmorethan15minutes

latefortheirexhibitionentrytimewithoutrefunds（退款）.

OA11ticketsalesarefinalandnon-refundable.

OA11exchangesmustbeprocessedatleast24hoursbeforethetimeanddateoftheeventor

reservation.

1.Wherecanvisitorslearnsomethingaboutaprehistoricanimal?

A.InLaserDome.B.InBuilding2,Planetarium.

C.InPACCARTheater.D.InBuilding1,LiveScienceStage.

2.WhenwillLiveScienceShowend?

A.At11:45am.B.At1:30pm.

C.At1:45pm.D.At2:15pm.

3.WhatisallowedinPacificScienceCenter?

A.Refundingtheticket.B.Bringingaservicedog.

C.Enteringhalfanhourlate.D.Smokinginoutdoorareas.

【答案】1.C2.C3.B

【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要從節(jié)目時(shí)長、節(jié)目表和游客須知等方面介紹了太平洋科學(xué)中心現(xiàn)場

節(jié)目的相關(guān)情況。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SCHEDULE部分中的“。山”做”小也1而〃。湫（南極洲的恐龍尸對應(yīng)的地點(diǎn)

可知，在PACCAR劇院，游客可以以解關(guān)于一種史前動(dòng)物（恐龍）的知識。故選C。

[2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TIMING部分中的“LiveScienceShows:15minutes（現(xiàn)場科學(xué)表演：15分

鐘）”和SCHEDULE部分中LiveScienceShow的相關(guān)信息可知，該表演開始的時(shí)間為下午1:30,

時(shí)長為15分鐘，所以現(xiàn)場科學(xué)表演在下午1點(diǎn)45分結(jié)束。故選C。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GENERALVISITORPOLICIES部分中的“Whilepetsarenotpermittedinside

PacificScienceCenter,serviceanimalsarewelcome（雖然不允許寵物進(jìn)入太平洋科學(xué)中心，但歡迎

服務(wù)性動(dòng)物進(jìn)入。）”可知，帶一只服務(wù)犬是被允許的。故選B。

WhenGeorgeSmithwas31,hebecameenthusiasticaboutsomeancienttabletsintheBritish

Museum.Butevenafterthetabletfragments（碎片）hadbeenpiecedtogether,littlehadbeentranslated.

The3,OOO-year-oldtabletsremainedasmysteriousasburiedintheruins.Evenso,theEnglish

archaeologist（考古學(xué)家）decidedhewouldbethemantorevealthesecrets.Smithtaughthimself

SumerianandliteraryAkkadian.Afternearlytwodecades,Smithhadabreakthrough：Thecomplex

symbolsweredescribingastory,justlikeNoah'sArk!

Forthousandsofyears,humanshavebeentellingstories,sharingthemorallyevenbeforethe

inventionofwriting.Inonewayoranother,muchtimeinpeople'slivesisspenttellingstories.Besides

entertainment,storiesdidgiveussomethingmore.

Storiescaninfluencepeople'semotionallives.Storytellingallowspeopletopeekintosomeone's

consciencetoseehowothersthinkandfeel.Studieshavefoundreadingstoriessignificantlyincreased

empathytowardsothers,especiallypeopleinitiallyseenas“outsiders”,suchasforeignersorpeopleofa

differentrace.Interestingly,themoreabsorbedthereadersareinthestory,themoreempathetictheyare

inreallife.Psychologiststestedthisby“accidentally“droppingahandfulofpens.Thosewhohad

previouslyreportedbeing“highlyabsorbed"inthestorywereabouttwiceaslikelytohelppickupthe

pens.

Butwhystarttellingstoriesinthefirstplace?Theirusefulnessinunderstandingothersisone

reason,andanothertheoryisthatstorytellingcouldbeanevolutionary（進(jìn)化的）mechanismthathelped

keepourancestorsalive.Forexample,ifyouheard,“There'samonsternearthattree,sodon'tgoover

there,itwouldnotbeaseffectiveastold,“Mycousinwaseatenbyascarycreaturethatlurksaround

thattree,sodon'tgooverthere.^^

Upontranslatingthe11thtablet,themostimportantpartofthestory,Smithtoldacoworker,am

thefirstpersontoreadthatafter3.000yearsofoblivion（被遺忘）!”

4.WhydidGeorgeSmithdecidetotranslatethetablets?

A.Becausehehopedtobeanarchaeologist.

B.Becausehewantedtolearnoldlanguages.

C.Becausehewasemployedbythemuseum.

D.Becauseheshowedgreatinterestinhistory.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“empathy“inParagraph3mean?

A.Understanding.B.Thought.C.Confidence.D.Pity.

6.WhatistheexampleinParagraph4usedfor?

A.Provingourancestors9wisdom.

B.Showingourancestors5lifestyles.

C.Describingstories9usefulnessinentertainment.

D.Explainingstories,effectivenessinpersuasion.

7.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsSmith'swork?

A.Approving.B.Doubtful.C.Negative.D.Indifferent.

【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.A

【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章主要講述了英國考古學(xué)家喬治?史密斯如何通過翻譯古代碎片上的

符號，解開了一個(gè)古老神話的秘密。同時(shí)，文章也闡述了故事的重要性和價(jià)值，講述了故事對于

人們感性理解的影響以及故事在人類進(jìn)化中的作用。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhenGeorgeSmithwas31,hebecameenthusiasticaboutsomeancient

tabletsintheBritishMuseum.僑治?史密斯31歲時(shí)，對大英博物館里的一些古代石碑產(chǎn)生了濃

厚的興趣。）”可知，因?yàn)樗麑v史表現(xiàn)出極大的興趣。所以決定翻譯這些石碑。故選D。

【5題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的內(nèi)容“Storiescaninfluencepeople'semotionallives.Storytelling

allowspeopletopeekintosomeone'sconsciencetoseehowothersthinkand色el.（故事可以影響人們

的情感生活。講故事可以讓人們窺探別人的良心，看看別人的想法和感受。）”可知，通過閱讀

故事可以去了解別人的想法和感受即增加對他人的理解。故劃線詞與A選項(xiàng)“Understanding.（理

解）”為同義詞。故選A。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中"Forexample,ifyouheard,“There'samonsternearthattree,sodon'tgo

overthere,“itwouldnotbeaseffectiveastold,“Mycousinwaseatenbyascarycreaturethatlurks

aroundthattree,sodon'tgooverthere.（例如，如果你聽到“那棵樹旁邊有一個(gè)怪物，所以不要去

那里”，這句話不如“我的表弟被一頭可怕的生物吃掉了，它就潛伏在那棵樹周圍，所以不要去

那里“有效。）”可知，此處通過舉例子的方式解釋故事在說服中的有效性。故選D。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Forthousandsofyears,humanshavebeentellingstories,sharingthe

morallyevenbeforetheinventionofwriting.Inonewayoranother,muchtimeinpeople'slivesisspent

tellingstories.Besidesentertainment,storiesdidgiveussomethingmore.（幾千年來，人類一直在講故

事，分享道德，甚至在文字發(fā)明之前。人們的生活中有很多時(shí)間是用在講故事上的。除了娛樂，

故事確實(shí)給了我們更多的東西。）”以及第三段中^Storiescaninfluencepeopledemotionallives.

Storytellingallowspeopletopeekintosomeone'sconsciencetoseehowothersthinkandfeel.（故事可

以影響人們的情感生活。講故事可以讓人們窺探別人的良心，看看別人的想法和感受。）”以及

倒數(shù)第二段中anothertheoryisthatstorytellingcouldbeanevolutionary（進(jìn)化的）mechanismthat

helpedkeepourancestorsalive.（另一種理論是，講故事可能是一種進(jìn)化機(jī)制，幫助我們的祖先活

了下來。）”可知，文章通過介紹英國考古學(xué)家喬治?史密斯翻譯古代碎片上的符號，解開了一

個(gè)古老神話的秘密事實(shí)，指出他發(fā)現(xiàn)的了這些故事的重要性和價(jià)值，由此強(qiáng)調(diào)講述了故事對于人

們感性理解的影響以及故事在人類進(jìn)化中的作用。因此作者對喬治?史密斯工作是贊同的態(tài)度。

故選Ao

Longlinesatsecuritycheckpoints,tinyplasticcupsofdrink,smallbagsofbiscuit,planesfullof

passengers,feesattachedtoeveryservice一allreflecttherealitiesof21stcenturycommercialairtravel.

It'snowonderthatmanytravelershavebecomenostalgic（懷I日）fbrtheso-called“goldenage"ofair

travelintheUnitedStates.

Duringthe1950s,airlinespromotedcommercialairtravel;airlinehostessesservedfullmealson

realchina,airlineseatswerelargeandfrequentlyemptywithenoughlegroom,andpassengerswere

alwaysdressedwell.

Afterjetswereintroducedinthelate1950s,passengerscouldtraveltoeventhemostdistant

locationsatspeedsunimaginableadecadebefore.AnairlinetripfromNewYorktoLondonthatcould

takeupto15hoursintheearly1950scouldbemadeinlessthansevenhoursbytheearly1960s.

Butthegoodmemoryofairlineinthattimecanbetricky,and“goldenages”areseldomasbeautiful

astheyseem.Untiltheintroductionofjetsin1958,mostofthenation'scommercialplaneswere

propeller-driven（螺旋槳3區(qū)動(dòng)）aircraft.Mostoftheseplaneswereunpressurized,andwithamaximum

cruising（巡航）altitudeof10,000to12,000feet,theywereunabletoflyoverbadweather.Delayswere

frequent,turbulence（氣流）wascommon,andairsicknessbagswereoftenneeded.Formuchofthis

period,theoldsaying“Timetospare,gobyair”stillrangtrue.

Throughthe1930sandintothe1940s,almosteveryoneflewfirstclass.Airlinesdidencouragemore

peopletoflyinthe1950sand1960sbyintroducingcoachortouristfares,butthesavingswererelative:

lessexpensivethanfirstclass,butstillpricey.Althoughtheinventionofjetsdidresultinlowerfares,the

costwasstilloutofreachofmostAmericans.

8.Whydopassengerstreasurethememoryofthe“goldenage“ofairtravel?

A.Passengersbehavedbetterinthosedays.

B.Peopletraveledbyplanemorefrequentlyatthattime.

C.Commercialairtravelhaskeptairplanesinshortsupply.

D.Theairtravelexperienceismuchworsethanitusedtobe.

9.Howdoestheauthordevelopthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Bygivingfigures.B.Byfollowingtimeorder.

C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byexplainingprinciples.

lO.Whatcanbelearntabouttheflightsbeforethejetagefromthetext?

A.Theflightswereoftendelayed.

B.Theflightsdidn'toffermealstopassengers

C.Theflightscouldflyover20,000feet.

D.Theflightswereaffordablefbrmostpeople.

ll.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Theconvenienceofthemodemairplanes.

B.TheadvantagesofairtravelinAmerica.

C.Therealitybehindairtravefsgoldenage.

D.Theoldsaying“Timetospare,gobyair”.

【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.C

【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了20世紀(jì)五六十年代，美國經(jīng)歷了所謂的航空旅行“黃會時(shí)

代”，其背后卻不那么光鮮的現(xiàn)實(shí)。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Longlinesatsecuritycheckpoints,tinyplasticcupsofdrink,smallbagsof

biscuit,planesfullofpassengers,feesattachedtoeveryservice—allreflecttherealitiesof21stcentury

commercialairtravel.It'snowonderthatmanytravelershavebecomenostalgic（懷I日）fortheso-called

ugoldenage”ofairtravelintheUnitedStates."（安檢口排起了長隊(duì)，小小的塑料杯飲料，小袋

餅干，滿載乘客的飛機(jī)，每項(xiàng)服務(wù)的附加費(fèi)用一一這些都反映了21世紀(jì)商業(yè)航空旅行的現(xiàn)實(shí)。

難怪許多旅行者開始懷念美國所謂的航空旅行“黃金時(shí)代”。）,由此可推知，旅客懷念“黃金

時(shí)代”是由于現(xiàn)在的服務(wù)體驗(yàn)不如那時(shí)的好。故選D項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)前兩段“Longlinesatsecuritycheckpoints,tinyplasticcupsofdrink,smallbagsof

biscuit,planesfullofpassengers,feesattachedtoeveryservice—allreflecttherealitiesof21stcentury

commercialairtravel.It9snowonderthatmanytravelershavebecomenostalgic（懷舊）fortheso-called

ugoldenage”ofairtravelintheUnitedStates.Duringthe1950s,airlinespromotedcommercialair

travel;airlinehostessesservedfullmealsonrealchina,airlineseatswerelargeandfrequentlyempty

withenoughlegroom,andpassengerswerealwaysdressedwell.v（安檢口排起了長隊(duì)，小小的塑料

杯飲料，小袋餅干，滿載乘客的飛機(jī)，每項(xiàng)服務(wù)的附加費(fèi)用一一這些都反映了21世紀(jì)商業(yè)航空

旅行的現(xiàn)實(shí)。難怪許多旅行者開始懷念美國所謂的航空旅行“黃金時(shí)代”。20世紀(jì)50年代，航

空公司促進(jìn)了商業(yè)航空旅行；航空公司的女服務(wù)員在真正的中國提供全餐服務(wù)，航空公司的座位

很大，經(jīng)?？罩凶銐虻耐炔靠臻g，乘客總是穿著得體。）作者主要通過比較現(xiàn)在的航空旅行

和“黃金時(shí)代”的航空旅行來行文。故選C項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中"Delayswerefrequent"（延誤很頻繁）可知，噴氣式飛機(jī)之前的航

班經(jīng)常延誤。故選A項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文以及根據(jù)第四段“Butthegoodmemoryofairlineinthattimecanbetricky,

and“goldenages”areseldomasbeautifulastheyseem.”（但那段時(shí)間對航空公司的美好記憶可能

很棘手，“黃金時(shí)代”很少像看上去那么美好）文章介紹了20世紀(jì)五六十年代，美國經(jīng)歷了所

謂的航空旅行“黃會時(shí)代”，其背后卻不那么光鮮的現(xiàn)實(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。

Mostpeoplehatemosquitoes——butscientistsareabouttobuilda"mosquitofactory^^torelease

modified（改良的）mosquitoes.

ThemodifiedmosquitoescarryabacteriumcalledWolbachiapipientis（沃爾巴克氏菌），whichcan

benaturallyfoundinmostinsectspecies.However,it'srarelydiscoveredinmosquitoes.uWeactually

growthesemosquitoesthatcontainthebacterium,ScottO'Neill,anAustralianscientistinvolvedinthe

project,toldCBCNews.Whenthemodifiedmosquitoesarereleased,theyslowlyspreadthebacterium

tothepopulation.

Severalstudieshavedemonstratedtheinsects9success.Forexample,acontrolledexperimentin

Indonesiashowedthatthemodifiedinsecthelpedreducethecasesofthediseasedengue（登革熱）by77

percent,accordingtoastudypaperpublishedin2021.

TheWorldMosquitoProgramhasannouncedthatitwillreleasemodifiedmosquitoesinmanyof

BraziPsurbanareasoverthenext10years.Theaimistoprotectupto70millionpeoplefromdiseases

suchasdengue,aninfectiousdiseasemainlyspreadbymosquitoes.

Brazilhasoneofthehighestratesofdengueinfectionintheworld,accordingtotheNaturewebsite.

“Morethan1,000peoplediedofdenguein2022becauseofthespreadofmosquitoes.Ifsgoing

everywhere/9LucianoMoreira,ascientistinRiodeJaneiro,Brazil,toldCBCNews.

Anotherwaytopreventmosquitoesfromspreadingdiseasesisbyproducinggeneticallymodified

mosquitoes(GM).In2022,theUSEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyclearedthereleaseof2.4billion

GMmosquitoesinCaliforniaandFlorida.

Accordingtotheagency,GMmosquitoescarrytwotypesofgenes:aself-limitinggenethat

preventsfemaleoffspring(后代)fromsurvivingtoadulthood;andamarkergenethatallowsresearchers

toidentifyGMonesinthewild.Afterbeingreleased,GMmosquitoeslayeggs,sothegenesarepassed

ontooffspring.Inthisway,thenumberoffemalemosquitoesisreduced,thereforereducingthechance

ofspreadingdisease.

12.Whatisthefinalpurposeofbuildingthe"mosquitofactory”?

A.Topreventthespreadofmosquito-bornediseases.

B.Toproducemassivemosquitoesforscientificresearch.

C.Tostudythebehaviorofmosquitoesindifferentenvironments.

D.Toreplacethenaturalmosquitopopulationwithamodifiedone.

13.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph5inthetext?

A.Itstateschallengesfacingtheprogram.B.Itprovidesthebackgroundtotheprogram.

C.Itshowstheexpectedeffectoftheprogram.D.Itindicatesanopinionontheannouncement.

14.Howdoestheself-limitinggeneingeneticallymodifiedmosquitoeswork?

A.Bylimitingtheirabilitytolayeggs.B.Bymakingthemimmunetodisease.

C.Byreducingtheiroffspring'slifespans.D.Byallowingthemtobeeasilyidentified.

15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ReleasingGMMosquitoesB.ReducingDengueinBrazil

C.ExperimentingonModifiedInsectsD.ModifyingInfectiousMosquitoes

【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.D

【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于通過改良蚊子基因來防止蚊子傳播疾病的研究。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“TheWorldMosquitoProgramhasannouncedthatitwillreleasemodified

mosquitoesinmanyofBrazil'surbanareasoverthenext10years.Theaimistoprotectupto70million

peoplefromdiseasessuchasdengue,aninfectiousdiseasemainlyspreadbymosquitoes.（世界蚊子項(xiàng)

目宣布，未來10年將在巴西許多城市地區(qū)釋放轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子。其目的是保護(hù)多達(dá)7000萬人免受登

革熱等疾病的侵害。登革熱是一種主要由蚊子傳播的傳染病。）”和第六段中“Anotherwayto

preventmosquitoesfromspreadingdiseasesisbyproducinggeneticallymodifiedmosquitoes（GM）.（另

一種防止蚊子傳播疾病的方法是培育轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子。）”可知，建造“蚊子工廠”的最終目的是防

止蚊媒疾病的傳播。故選A項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中"TheWorldMosquitoProgramhasannouncedthatitwillrelease

modifiedmosquitoesinmanyofBrazil5surbanareasoverthenext10years.（世,界蚊子項(xiàng)目宣布，未來

10年將在巴西許多城市地區(qū)釋放轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子。）”和第五段Brazilhasoneofthehighestratesof

dengueinfectionintheworld,accordingtotheNaturewebsite.uMorethan1,000peoplediedofdengue

in2022becauseofthespreadofmosquitoes.It'sgoingeverywhere,,5LucianoMoreira,ascientistinRio

deJaneiro,Brazil,toldCBCNews.（據(jù)《自然》期刊網(wǎng)站報(bào)道，巴西是世界上登革熱感染率最高的

國家之一。“由于蚊子的傳播，2022年有1000多人死于登革熱。它無處不在，”巴西里約熱內(nèi)

盧的科學(xué)家盧西亞諾?莫雷拉告訴CBC新聞。）”可推知，第五段用數(shù)據(jù)介紹了登革熱在巴西造

成的危害，從而為第四段中“釋放轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子”項(xiàng)目提供了背景知識。故選B項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中uAccordingtotheagency,GMmosquitoescan-ytwotypesofgenes:a

self-limitinggenethatpreventsfemaleoffspring（后代）fromsurvivingtoadulthood（據(jù)該機(jī)構(gòu)稱，轉(zhuǎn)

基因蚊子攜帶兩種類型的基因：一種是自我限制的基因，可以阻止雌性后代存活到成年）”可

知，轉(zhuǎn)基因蚊子的自我限制基因通過縮短后代的壽命來發(fā)揮作用。故選C項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章報(bào)道了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于通過改良蚊子基因來防止蚊子傳播疾病的研

究，所以uModifyingInfectiousMosquitoes（改良傳染性蚊子）”是文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。

二、七選五（共10分）

Areyouanelementaryorhighschoolstudentwithallkindsofinventionideas?Youmightnotknow

whattodowithalloftheseideasorhowtoturnthemintoworkableinventions.16

Identifyaproblemworthsolving.

Lookattheworldaroundyouandaskyourself:Whatcouldworkbetter?Whattaskcouldbedone

betterorfaster?Whatannoysyouandhowcouldyoufixit?17Noteveryideawillbeagreat

one,butdon'tbeafraidtothinkoutsidethebox.

Draftyouridea.

Drawoutabasicillustrationofwhatyourinventionwilllooklike.18Listthetypesof

materialsyouwouldusetobuildthefinishedproject.Don'thesitatetomakemultipledraftsofthesame

designuntilyouaresatisfiedwiththeresult.

19

Youdon'tneedtousethehighestqualitymaterials,butsimplyonesthatwillgiveyouafunctional

workingdevice.Trycheckingsecond-handstoresandyardsalesforpartsthatyoucanuse.Thiswillbe

muchmorecost-effectiveandyouwillalsobeeco-friendly.

Buildyourinvention.

Ifyouwillbeworkingwithpowertoolsorotherdangerousmaterials,youwilllikelyneedadult

supervision.Askyourparentswhentheyhaveenoughfreetimetositdownwithyouandstartbuilding.

20

Aftereverythingiscompleted,it'stimetotestoutandmarketyourinvention.Ifitturnsoutwell-

received,youmayevenhaveyourinventionpatentedandmass-produceddowntheroad.

A.Orturntoyourolderpeersiftheycanhelpyououtaswell.

B.Ifyouenjoycreatingthings,youmayconsiderbecominganinventor.

C.Withsomeplanningandpractice,youcanmaketheseideasintoaworkingdevice.

D.Becreativewithyourideas.

E.Gatherthenecessarymaterials.

F.Lookaroundyourhomeforrecycledmaterialsthatyoumaybeabletouse.

G.Makenotesabouthowvariouspieceswillgotogether.

【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.E20.A

【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要為有各種發(fā)明想法的小學(xué)生或中學(xué)生提供一些建議以幫助他們更好

地進(jìn)行發(fā)明。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)空前“Areyouanelementaryorhighschoolstudentwithallkindsofinventionideas?Youmight

notknowwhattodowithalloftheseideasorhowtoturnthemintoworkableinventions.（你是一個(gè)有

各種發(fā)明想法的小學(xué)生或中學(xué)生嗎？你可能不知道如何處理所有這些想法，或者如何將它們變成

可行的發(fā)明。）”可知，上文講述的是雖然有想法，但是小學(xué)生或中學(xué)生可能不知道如何處理所

有這些想法，或者如何將它們變成可行的發(fā)明。選項(xiàng)C"Withsomeplanningandpractice,youcan

maketheseideasintoaworkingdevice.（通過一些計(jì)劃和練習(xí)，你可以把這些想法變成可行的方

法。）”承上啟下，既承接上文說明將想法變成發(fā)明有困難，同時(shí)引出下文具體的建議。故選

Co

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Lookattheworldaroundyouandaskyourself:Whatcouldworkbetter?Whattask

couldbedonebetterorfaster?Whatannoysyouandhowcouldyoufixit?（看看你周圍的世界，問問

自己：什么能做得更好？什么任務(wù)可以做得更好或更快？什么讓你煩惱？你如何解決它？）”可

知，上文建議要問問自己，以找出值得研究的方向。選項(xiàng)D“Becreativewithyourideas（要有創(chuàng)

意。）”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指的都是想法或研究方向要有創(chuàng)意。故選D。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)空前"Drawoutabasicillustrationofwhatyourinventionwilllooklike.（畫出你的發(fā)明將會是什

么樣子的基本插圖。）”以及空后內(nèi)容“Listthetypesofmaterialsyouwouldusetobuildthefinished

project.（列出你將用于完成項(xiàng)目的材料類型。）”可知，本段講述的是畫出發(fā)明的草圖。選項(xiàng)

G"Makenotesabouthowvariouspieceswillgotogether］記下不同的部分如何搭配。）“符合上下

文內(nèi)容，指的都是畫出發(fā)明的草圖。故選G。

【19題詳解】

空處為小標(biāo)題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文"Youdon'tneedtousethehighestqualitymaterials,but

simplyonesthatwillgiveyouafunctionalworkingdevice.Trycheckingsecond-handstoresandyard

salesforpartsthatyoucanuse.Thiswillbemuchmorecost-effectiveandyouwillalsobeeco-

friendly.（你不需要使用最高質(zhì)量的材料，只需要那些能給你一個(gè)功能性工作裝置的材料。試著在

二手商店和庭院銷售中尋找你可以使用的零件。這將是更劃算的，你也將是環(huán)保的。）”可知，

本段主要講述的是如何找尋發(fā)明所需的材料。選項(xiàng)E"Gatherthenecessarymaterials.（收集必要的

材料。）”與本段內(nèi)容一致，故選E。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Ifyouwillbeworkingwithpowertoolsorotherdangerousmaterials,youwilllikely

needadultsupervision.Askyourparentswhentheyhaveenoughfreetimetositdownwithyouandstart

building.（如果你將使用電動(dòng)工具或其他危險(xiǎn)材料，你可能需要成年人的監(jiān)督。問問你的父母，他

們什么時(shí)候有足夠的空閑時(shí)間坐下來和你一起開始建造。）”可知，上文講述的是如果需要使用

電動(dòng)工具或其他危險(xiǎn)材料，則需要有成年人的監(jiān)督，可以詢問自己的父母是否有空。選項(xiàng)A“Or

turntoyourolderpeersiftheycanhelpyououtaswell.（或者向年長的人求助，如果他們也能幫助

你。）”是上文內(nèi)容的延續(xù)，指的是既可以詢問父母，也可以向年長的人求助。故選A。

三、完形填空（共30分）

ImaginestudentsinruralKenyausingcomputersandreadingbooks!4,000studentsacross10

schoolsarebusy21theircomputerskillson22machines.Theylearneverythingfrom

basictypingtocodingtorobotics,andeventakepartin23classeswithNASAscientistsinthe

US.Before24theselessons,however,veryfewofthestudentsevenknewwhatacomputer

was.Notbeing25tocomputers,childrenlackbasictechnologyskills,anddonothaveaccessto

STEAMprograms.

TechLitAfrica,was26byNellyChehoi,a29-year-oldsoftwareengineerwhogrewupin

27inaKenyanvillage,hersinglemotherstrugglingtosupportthefamily.In2012,she

receivedafullscholarshiptoatlendcollegeinIllinois,whereshediscoveredalove

for28science.UponreturningtoKenyaafter29shefoundedherownschool,

Zawadi,whichbecamealaunchingpadforTechLitAfrica.Herorganization

now30withAmericancollegesandbusinessesto31the

recycledcomputers.

ForCheboi,TechLitAfricaisaboutmorethanjustadding32tochildren'slife：she

hopesthestudentswillusethe33skilltofindprofessionalopportunities.

“Iseea34inKenyaandintherestofthecontinentwherekidsarebecomingreallytech

literate/9Cheboisays.uOnceyoucometotheInternet,youbecome35一andbybeingso,

youcanhelptheworld.”

21.A.showingB.teachingC.sharpeningD.admiring

22.A.advancedB.heavyC.reusedD.movable

23.A.remoteB.privateC.publicD.paid

24.A.givingB.cuttingC.takingD.designing

25.A.attractedB.accustomedC.addictedD.exposed

26.A.projectedB.backedC.fundedD.appointed

27.A.troubleB.povertyC.adventureD.applause

28.A.architectureB.earthC.computerD.physics

29.A.graduationB.marriageC.retirementD.application

30.A.comparesB.fightsC.competesD.works

31.A.sellB.obtainC.programD.upgrade

32.A.costB.colorC.laughterD.barrier

33.A.newfoundB.traditionalC.apparentD.social

34.A.challengeB.futureC.movementD.race

35.A.freeB.matureC.proudD.global

【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.C25.D26.A27.B28.C29.A

30.D31.B32.B33.A34.B35.D

【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是在肯尼亞的一些鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校里，有4000名學(xué)生正在利用捐贈(zèng)的

舊電腦學(xué)習(xí)編碼、機(jī)器人和與美國NASA科學(xué)家進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程課程。這是因?yàn)樵搰鄙儆?jì)算機(jī)和科

技教育。由一個(gè)肯尼亞軟件工程師NellyChehoi創(chuàng)建的TechLitAfrica組織，為肯尼亞兒童提供

了計(jì)算機(jī)技能學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會，她希望這些技能能夠幫助兒童找到未來的職業(yè)機(jī)會。

【21題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：10所學(xué)校的4000名學(xué)生正忙于在二手機(jī)器上提高他們的計(jì)算機(jī)技

能。A.showing顯示；B.teaching教學(xué)；C.sharpening提高；D.admiring羨慕。由下文“They

learneverythingfrombasictypingtocodingtorobotics”可知，學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)從基本的打字到編程再

到機(jī)器人的一切，可知這些學(xué)生在“提高”他們的計(jì)算機(jī)能力。故選C項(xiàng)。

【22題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：10所學(xué)校的4000名學(xué)生正忙于在二手機(jī)器上提高他們的計(jì)算機(jī)技

能。A.advanced高級的；B.heavy重的；C.reused可重復(fù)使用的，再次使用的；D.movable可移

動(dòng)的。由下文“therecycledcomputers”可知，這里的電腦是“再次使用的”即二手的電腦。故

選C項(xiàng)。

【23題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們學(xué)習(xí)了從基本打字到編碼再到機(jī)器人的一切，甚至還參加了美

國國家航空航天局科學(xué)家的遠(yuǎn)程課程。A.remote遠(yuǎn)程的；B.private私人的；C.public公共的；

D.paid已付款的。由下文“NASAscientistsintheUS”可知，肯尼亞學(xué)生是“遠(yuǎn)程”向美國國家

航空航天局科學(xué)家學(xué)習(xí)課程。故選A項(xiàng)。

【24題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在學(xué)習(xí)這些課程之前，很少有學(xué)生知道什么是計(jì)算機(jī)。A.

giving給予;B.cutting砍，切；C.taking學(xué)習(xí)，讀，修（課程）；D.designing設(shè)計(jì)。由下文

“theselessons”以及語境可知，這里指孩子們“學(xué)習(xí)”這些課程。故選C項(xiàng)。

【25題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于沒有接觸過電腦，孩子們?nèi)狈镜募夹g(shù)技能，也無法使用

STEAM程序。A.attracted吸引；B.accustomed習(xí)慣于；C.addicted使上癮；D.exposed暴露，接

觸。由下文“l(fā)ackbasictechnologyskills”可知，很少學(xué)生"接觸”過電腦方面的技能，be

exposedto表“暴露于，接觸“，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。

【26題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：TechLitAfrica由29歲的軟件工程師NellyCheboi策劃，她在肯尼亞

一個(gè)貧窮的村莊長大，她的單身母親正在努力養(yǎng)家。A.projected計(jì)戈U，規(guī)劃；B.backed支持；

C.funded資助；D.appointed委派，任命。由下文"byNellyCheboi,a29-year-oldsoftware

engineerw以及"Herorganization”指的是TechLitAfrica可知，TechLitAfrica是由Nelly

Cheboi"策劃的”。故選A項(xiàng)。

【27題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：TechLitAfrica由29歲的軟件工程師NellyCheboi策劃，她在肯尼亞

一個(gè)貧窮的村莊長大，她的單身母親正在努力養(yǎng)家。A.trouble問題；B.poverty貧困；C.

adventure冒險(xiǎn)；D.applause鼓掌。由下文"hersinglemotherstrugglingtosupportthefamily”可

知,NellyCheboi成長于一個(gè)"貧困”的家庭。故選B項(xiàng)。

【28題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2012年，她獲得了全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，進(jìn)入伊利諾伊州的大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，在那

里她發(fā)現(xiàn)了對計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的熱愛。A.architecture建筑；B.earth地球；C.computer計(jì)算機(jī)；D.

physics物理學(xué)。由下文“shefoundedherownschool,Zawadi,whichbecamealaunchingpadfor

TechLitAfrica.w可推測,NellyCheboi對“計(jì)算機(jī)”科學(xué)很感興趣。故選C項(xiàng)。

【29題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：畢業(yè)后回到肯尼亞，她創(chuàng)辦了自己的學(xué)校Zawadi,成為TechLit

Africa的跳板。A.graduation畢業(yè)；B.marriage婚姻；C.retirement退休；D.application應(yīng)用。由

上文“UponreturningtoKenya”可知，NellyCheboi在"畢業(yè)”后返回了肯尼亞。故選A項(xiàng)。

【30題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的組織現(xiàn)在與美國大學(xué)和企業(yè)合作，從而獲得回收的電腦。A.

compares比較；B.fights打架；C.competes競爭；D.works工作。由下文“Americancollegesand

businesses"以及結(jié)合語境可知，NellyCheboi和美國的大學(xué)和商業(yè)一起“工作”